Therapists in M5R

Photo of Sandi Costa, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, BA
Sandi Costa
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, BA
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
A truth of life is that painful things happen—and when they do, we often carry emotional residue like grief, anxiety, despair, or relationship struggles. These deeply personal experiences shape who we are and impact how we connect with others and ourselves. Therapy with me offers a space to let go of pretense and return to your true self. Together, we’ll explore and shift what’s holding you back from living with more intention, connection, and calm. You’ll have the opportunity to feel more at home in your body, regain a sense of safety, and uncover new ways to move through the world with strength and clarity.
A truth of life is that painful things happen—and when they do, we often carry emotional residue like grief, anxiety, despair, or relationship struggles. These deeply personal experiences shape who we are and impact how we connect with others and ourselves. Therapy with me offers a space to let go of pretense and return to your true self. Together, we’ll explore and shift what’s holding you back from living with more intention, connection, and calm. You’ll have the opportunity to feel more at home in your body, regain a sense of safety, and uncover new ways to move through the world with strength and clarity.
(855) 383-2544 View (855) 383-2544
Photo of Lauren Greenwood, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BS, MPsy
Lauren Greenwood
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BS, MPsy
Toronto, ON M5R
I specialize in treating OCD in adults using Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP). I also work with OCD-related disorders, phobias such as agoraphobia and emetophobia (fear of vomiting), ARFID, and body-focused repetitive behaviours (BFRB's) including, trichotillomania and skin-picking. I have extensive experience with a wide range of OCD themes, including—but not limited to—contamination, checking, harm, sexual intrusive thoughts, religious scrupulosity, relationship OCD, sexual orientation OCD, pedophilia OCD, false memory, health anxiety, sensorimotor obsessions, symmetry, magical thinking, and existential fears.
I specialize in treating OCD in adults using Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP). I also work with OCD-related disorders, phobias such as agoraphobia and emetophobia (fear of vomiting), ARFID, and body-focused repetitive behaviours (BFRB's) including, trichotillomania and skin-picking. I have extensive experience with a wide range of OCD themes, including—but not limited to—contamination, checking, harm, sexual intrusive thoughts, religious scrupulosity, relationship OCD, sexual orientation OCD, pedophilia OCD, false memory, health anxiety, sensorimotor obsessions, symmetry, magical thinking, and existential fears.
(437) 494-7539 x390 View (437) 494-7539 x390
Photo of Michael Gowland, Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Michael Gowland
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
How to find hope? If you are feeling stuck, engaging in therapy can help you get moving again. You are seeking CHANGE. You feel stuck or you are sliding into habits that cause pain and suffering. Insecurity and conflict are things you are experiencing more than you want to. You may have turned to substances to numb the pain. It takes courage to seek support. Healing begins in the presence of someone who cares and tries to understand your journey. I can offer you that support.
How to find hope? If you are feeling stuck, engaging in therapy can help you get moving again. You are seeking CHANGE. You feel stuck or you are sliding into habits that cause pain and suffering. Insecurity and conflict are things you are experiencing more than you want to. You may have turned to substances to numb the pain. It takes courage to seek support. Healing begins in the presence of someone who cares and tries to understand your journey. I can offer you that support.
(289) 302-6667 View (289) 302-6667
Photo of Katarina Kovacevic - Kat Kova Therapy Toronto | Sex and Couples Therapy
Specializing in sex therapy, couples therapy and relationship therapy, we know that you are capable of having the satisfying relationships and intimate life you deeply crave. You want to feel connected and fulfilled and you don't deserve anything less than that. The good news is that you can start making love make sense today. Our specialized team of sex and relationship therapists in Toronto are here to guide you.
Specializing in sex therapy, couples therapy and relationship therapy, we know that you are capable of having the satisfying relationships and intimate life you deeply crave. You want to feel connected and fulfilled and you don't deserve anything less than that. The good news is that you can start making love make sense today. Our specialized team of sex and relationship therapists in Toronto are here to guide you.
(647) 930-5704 View (647) 930-5704
Photo of Ame Henderson, Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Ame Henderson
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
The gestalt therapeutic process is a creative journey where the therapist’s support and presence invite you to explore what is most meaningful in your life, including what feels painful or difficult. I hope to support you to more fully trust and listen to your inner knowing, and to find more space to experiment with new approaches to what might feel like old or stuck patterns in your relationships and your engagement with the world.
The gestalt therapeutic process is a creative journey where the therapist’s support and presence invite you to explore what is most meaningful in your life, including what feels painful or difficult. I hope to support you to more fully trust and listen to your inner knowing, and to find more space to experiment with new approaches to what might feel like old or stuck patterns in your relationships and your engagement with the world.
(647) 496-6302 View (647) 496-6302
Photo of Sally C Wright, Registered Psychotherapist, BA, DCTP, RP
Sally C Wright
Registered Psychotherapist, BA, DCTP, RP
Toronto, ON M5R
It is said that two heads are better than one but for many this is hard to accept. You may be very successful in certain parts of your life and this may make it easier for you to push other, troubling issues aside. This strategy never works indefinitely and ultimately your issues will begin to manifest in other areas of your life.Therapy can help. It will leave you better able to understand your challenges and, perhaps more importantly, to face them with new vigor.
It is said that two heads are better than one but for many this is hard to accept. You may be very successful in certain parts of your life and this may make it easier for you to push other, troubling issues aside. This strategy never works indefinitely and ultimately your issues will begin to manifest in other areas of your life.Therapy can help. It will leave you better able to understand your challenges and, perhaps more importantly, to face them with new vigor.
(844) 332-2259 View (844) 332-2259
Photo of Tisha Misquita, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Tisha Misquita
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
If you’ve been feeling tangled up in thoughts or feelings, or unsure how to move forward, therapy can be a place to slow down and make sense of what’s happening. You might be struggling with eating patterns, or with how you experience your body and see yourself, both of which can feel all-encompassing and isolating. Maybe anxiety keeps your mind racing, or depression makes even simple tasks feel heavy. Whatever you’re carrying, you don’t have to hold it on your own, and you don’t have to keep figuring it out by yourself.
If you’ve been feeling tangled up in thoughts or feelings, or unsure how to move forward, therapy can be a place to slow down and make sense of what’s happening. You might be struggling with eating patterns, or with how you experience your body and see yourself, both of which can feel all-encompassing and isolating. Maybe anxiety keeps your mind racing, or depression makes even simple tasks feel heavy. Whatever you’re carrying, you don’t have to hold it on your own, and you don’t have to keep figuring it out by yourself.
(416) 477-9630 View (416) 477-9630
Photo of Olena Yeromina, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Olena Yeromina
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Toronto, ON M5R
You might be feeling disconnected — from yourself or from your partner. Maybe intimacy feels distant, communication breaks down, or past wounds keep resurfacing in your relationships. Life transitions, stress, or unresolved trauma can quietly erode your sense of self-worth and confidence. I offer a safe, confidential space where you can lay things down and start making sense of them. We'll explore what’s happening underneath, heal wounds, and rebuild connection — with yourself and the people you love. Whether you seek healing, better communication, or deeper intimacy, therapy can help you feel grounded, understood, and whole again.
You might be feeling disconnected — from yourself or from your partner. Maybe intimacy feels distant, communication breaks down, or past wounds keep resurfacing in your relationships. Life transitions, stress, or unresolved trauma can quietly erode your sense of self-worth and confidence. I offer a safe, confidential space where you can lay things down and start making sense of them. We'll explore what’s happening underneath, heal wounds, and rebuild connection — with yourself and the people you love. Whether you seek healing, better communication, or deeper intimacy, therapy can help you feel grounded, understood, and whole again.
(647) 905-5293 View (647) 905-5293
Photo of Merrill Barber, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, BSW, BA
Merrill Barber
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, BSW, BA
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Registered social worker and psychotherapist. Specializing in working with adolescents and adults who are experiencing anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, behaviour or anger issues, attachment, couples conflict, grief and loss, trauma, low self-esteem or conflict. When working with clients, my focus is to ensure that a safe, healthy and respectful space is provided to people of all ages, social backgrounds and cultural beliefs. I am committed to maintaining a practice that is anti-racist, anti-oppressive, 2SLGBTQ+ friendly and accessible.
Registered social worker and psychotherapist. Specializing in working with adolescents and adults who are experiencing anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, behaviour or anger issues, attachment, couples conflict, grief and loss, trauma, low self-esteem or conflict. When working with clients, my focus is to ensure that a safe, healthy and respectful space is provided to people of all ages, social backgrounds and cultural beliefs. I am committed to maintaining a practice that is anti-racist, anti-oppressive, 2SLGBTQ+ friendly and accessible.
(647) 496-1154 View (647) 496-1154
Photo of Meghan Bird - Meghan - Kat Kova Therapy, Registered Social Worker, MSW
Meghan - Kat Kova Therapy
Registered Social Worker, MSW
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Are you struggling in your relationships, feeling disconnected, or experiencing sexual concerns that are difficult to talk about? You may be feeling anxious, numb, or having a hard time communicating your emotions and expressing your needs. Together, we can navigate these difficulties and support you to better understand yourself and feel more connected in your relationships.
Are you struggling in your relationships, feeling disconnected, or experiencing sexual concerns that are difficult to talk about? You may be feeling anxious, numb, or having a hard time communicating your emotions and expressing your needs. Together, we can navigate these difficulties and support you to better understand yourself and feel more connected in your relationships.
(437) 494-4938 View (437) 494-4938
Photo of Emina Hendricks, Registered Psychotherapist, BFA, MEd, OCT, RP
Emina Hendricks
Registered Psychotherapist, BFA, MEd, OCT, RP
2 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or depressed? Have you experienced adversity or trauma in your life? Are you looking to understand current triggers and respond in a manner that is in line with your values and authentic self? Are you ready to move in a desired direction?
Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or depressed? Have you experienced adversity or trauma in your life? Are you looking to understand current triggers and respond in a manner that is in line with your values and authentic self? Are you ready to move in a desired direction?
(249) 495-5517 View (249) 495-5517
Photo of Rin (Lynn) Imai, Registered Psychotherapist, MPsy
Rin (Lynn) Imai
Registered Psychotherapist, MPsy
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
It is a natural part of life that we question our careers and ask ourselves why we do what we do. You may be feeling unfulfilled and purposeless with your career where it feels painful to stay where you are, but it also feels painful to deal with the confusion, overwhelm, stress, and anxiety involved in thinking about what's next and how to transition your career. As a Registered Psychotherapist and Career Counsellor, I'm here to help you manage these emotions and make a strategic, informed decision on what career to pursue next. My approach combines psychotherapy with practical decision-making and action-planning.
It is a natural part of life that we question our careers and ask ourselves why we do what we do. You may be feeling unfulfilled and purposeless with your career where it feels painful to stay where you are, but it also feels painful to deal with the confusion, overwhelm, stress, and anxiety involved in thinking about what's next and how to transition your career. As a Registered Psychotherapist and Career Counsellor, I'm here to help you manage these emotions and make a strategic, informed decision on what career to pursue next. My approach combines psychotherapy with practical decision-making and action-planning.
(289) 723-1636 View (289) 723-1636
Photo of Jose Luis Lopez Vargas, Registered Psychotherapist
Jose Luis Lopez Vargas
Registered Psychotherapist
2 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Psychotherapy is a place where hearts and minds meet to make authentic contact. Therapy offers possibilities for discovering who you are, how best to engage with others, and for learning more about the kind of environment you need to flourish most. I see therapy as a process of awareness-building, one that will help you make responsible choices to live your life to a fuller potential.
Psychotherapy is a place where hearts and minds meet to make authentic contact. Therapy offers possibilities for discovering who you are, how best to engage with others, and for learning more about the kind of environment you need to flourish most. I see therapy as a process of awareness-building, one that will help you make responsible choices to live your life to a fuller potential.
(647) 576-2542 View (647) 576-2542
Photo of Cindy (Ha) Allison - Pathway-Therapy, Cindy (Ha) Allison, RP, TIRP, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, TIRP
Pathway-Therapy, Cindy (Ha) Allison, RP, TIRP
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, TIRP
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Understanding why and how we react or feel the way we do in relationships with others is a step towards a healthy, grounded, and fulfilled place in the world. Working with a trained psychotherapist will help you explore your life with different lenses and introduce alternative choices and pathways. I seek to help people who wish to break out of patterns and behaviours that keep them feeling stuck in their lives.
Understanding why and how we react or feel the way we do in relationships with others is a step towards a healthy, grounded, and fulfilled place in the world. Working with a trained psychotherapist will help you explore your life with different lenses and introduce alternative choices and pathways. I seek to help people who wish to break out of patterns and behaviours that keep them feeling stuck in their lives.
(855) 880-5173 View (855) 880-5173
Photo of Randi Fogelbaum, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Randi Fogelbaum
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Randi has extensive experience and advanced training in a range of treatment modalities including psychodynamic oriented treatment and cognitive behaviour therapy. She takes an integrative and collaborative approach to her work with clients. She offers treatment for a range of issues including anxiety, relationship problems, adjustment disorders, and has specific expertise in the treatment of eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, low self-esteem/ self-confidence, women's issues, life-threatening illness, and loss and bereavement. Randi works with adolescents, young adults, and adults in individual, couple and family therapy. She has extensive experience working with university and college students.
Randi has extensive experience and advanced training in a range of treatment modalities including psychodynamic oriented treatment and cognitive behaviour therapy. She takes an integrative and collaborative approach to her work with clients. She offers treatment for a range of issues including anxiety, relationship problems, adjustment disorders, and has specific expertise in the treatment of eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, low self-esteem/ self-confidence, women's issues, life-threatening illness, and loss and bereavement. Randi works with adolescents, young adults, and adults in individual, couple and family therapy. She has extensive experience working with university and college students.
(844) 565-3407 x311 View (844) 565-3407 x311
Photo of Soroosh Vafapoor - Soroosh Vafapoor—Toronto Psychotherapy, Registered Psychotherapist, MPACS, MPS, RP
Soroosh Vafapoor—Toronto Psychotherapy
Registered Psychotherapist, MPACS, MPS, RP
5 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, or a sense that you’re not yourself anymore? Maybe it’s showing up in your relationships, your work, or just the way you move through the day. You might feel worn down by expectations, weighed down by endless tasks, or stuck wondering if things will ever shift. Many people feel uncertain and restless right now, trying to find their way and make sense of what really matters.
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, or a sense that you’re not yourself anymore? Maybe it’s showing up in your relationships, your work, or just the way you move through the day. You might feel worn down by expectations, weighed down by endless tasks, or stuck wondering if things will ever shift. Many people feel uncertain and restless right now, trying to find their way and make sense of what really matters.
(647) 424-3185 View (647) 424-3185
Photo of Hannah Findlay, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Hannah Findlay
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Toronto, ON M5R
I work with adults and youth 12 and up. I have particular experience supporting neurodivergent folks who may be experiencing mental health challenges related to ADHD, ASD, and OCD such as burnout, substance use, anxiety and depression, school avoidance, feelings of isolation, relationship challenges, overwhelm, and family conflict. I also work with families and caregivers to help support family cohesion. I believe when working with neurodivergent folks it is important to identify how this intersects with other aspects of your identity.
I work with adults and youth 12 and up. I have particular experience supporting neurodivergent folks who may be experiencing mental health challenges related to ADHD, ASD, and OCD such as burnout, substance use, anxiety and depression, school avoidance, feelings of isolation, relationship challenges, overwhelm, and family conflict. I also work with families and caregivers to help support family cohesion. I believe when working with neurodivergent folks it is important to identify how this intersects with other aspects of your identity.
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Photo of Serine Hanna Warwar - Centre for Psychology and Emotional Health , Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Centre for Psychology and Emotional Health
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
The Centre for Psychology and Emotional Health has been providing the highest standard of evidence-based individual and couple therapy since 2003. We are a highly skilled team of psychologists, social workers and registered therapists who are committed to helping people make meaningful changes. Our therapists are compassionate, empathic, and provide a safe therapeutic environment. We treat a wide range of psychological issues including: depression, anxiety, trauma, fears and phobias, relationship injuries and issues, obsessive-compulsive disorder, grief, chronic pain, health issues, stress, and life transitions.
The Centre for Psychology and Emotional Health has been providing the highest standard of evidence-based individual and couple therapy since 2003. We are a highly skilled team of psychologists, social workers and registered therapists who are committed to helping people make meaningful changes. Our therapists are compassionate, empathic, and provide a safe therapeutic environment. We treat a wide range of psychological issues including: depression, anxiety, trauma, fears and phobias, relationship injuries and issues, obsessive-compulsive disorder, grief, chronic pain, health issues, stress, and life transitions.
(647) 696-8372 View (647) 696-8372
Photo of Dr. Karyn Hood - Dr Karyn Hood - Invivo Psychology , Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Dr Karyn Hood - Invivo Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
Feeling anxious, overwhelmed, or burned out? Do you find yourself constantly juggling work, relationships, and responsibilities—while putting your own needs last? You’re not alone, and it doesn’t have to stay this way. With over 20 years of experience, I help clients find clarity, set healthy boundaries, and build resilience so life feels calmer, lighter, and more manageable. I also lead Invivo Psychology, a psychologist-led team providing practical, evidence-based therapy for stress, anxiety, and burnout.
Feeling anxious, overwhelmed, or burned out? Do you find yourself constantly juggling work, relationships, and responsibilities—while putting your own needs last? You’re not alone, and it doesn’t have to stay this way. With over 20 years of experience, I help clients find clarity, set healthy boundaries, and build resilience so life feels calmer, lighter, and more manageable. I also lead Invivo Psychology, a psychologist-led team providing practical, evidence-based therapy for stress, anxiety, and burnout.
(365) 363-2134 View (365) 363-2134
Photo of David Kraft, Registered Psychotherapist
David Kraft
Registered Psychotherapist
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
I am a graduate of the Ontario Psychotherapy and Counseling College and a Registered Psychotherapist. My ambition is to offer a humanistic approach in a psychodynamic setting, with a focus on a client-centred, relational, and a conversational model, as well as providing a safe space where you, the client, and I can work together to achieve therapeutic goals. As part of a collaborative approach to therapy, I feel this process of working with clients can bring about an understanding of what they have been experiencing, describe particular moments that may have led them to this point, and support a new self-structure.
I am a graduate of the Ontario Psychotherapy and Counseling College and a Registered Psychotherapist. My ambition is to offer a humanistic approach in a psychodynamic setting, with a focus on a client-centred, relational, and a conversational model, as well as providing a safe space where you, the client, and I can work together to achieve therapeutic goals. As part of a collaborative approach to therapy, I feel this process of working with clients can bring about an understanding of what they have been experiencing, describe particular moments that may have led them to this point, and support a new self-structure.
(437) 747-7400 View (437) 747-7400

See more therapy options for M5R

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in M5R

500+

Average cost per session

$175

Counsellors in M5R who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
91% Depression
89% Relationship Issues
87% Self Esteem
83% Stress
74% Life Transitions
72% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Canada Life | Great-West Life
78% Green Shield Canada
72% SunLife

How Counsellors in M5R see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in M5R?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.