Photo of Maude Éloïse Saulnier, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Maude Éloïse Saulnier
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1S
Waitlist for new clients
Maude Éloïse Saulnier uses mainly technics from cognitive behavioural therapies, psychodynamics therapies, humanistic approaches and existential approaches.
Maude Éloïse is a bilingual Registered Psychotherapist who did, prior her bachelors and masters degrees, a lot of community work centred around vulnerable children and adults. After many years of experience, she would like to help to the Ottawa (Central) community to maintain their health with a scientific, professional and integrative approach that focuses on her clients needs and goals.
Maude Éloïse Saulnier uses mainly technics from cognitive behavioural therapies, psychodynamics therapies, humanistic approaches and existential approaches.
Maude Éloïse is a bilingual Registered Psychotherapist who did, prior her bachelors and masters degrees, a lot of community work centred around vulnerable children and adults. After many years of experience, she would like to help to the Ottawa (Central) community to maintain their health with a scientific, professional and integrative approach that focuses on her clients needs and goals.
(613) 699-8770 View (613) 699-8770
Photo of Bara Al-Obaidy, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Ontario
Bara Al-Obaidy
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), PEng, MA, RPQ
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K2P
I use an integrated approach combining humanistic theories, experiential practices, and CBT interventions to cater to your needs.
Whether you are struggling at work, at home, internally, or all-of-the-above, therapy can help you find wellness and develop resilience against negative thoughts, burnout, and stress. My first goal is that you feel heard in a safe space, void of judgement, and my second goal is to be your partner in your healing and self development. I welcome new clients who have never considered therapy before and those who are still looking for the right therapist. I also work with couples and families, as I am passionate about family dynamics, personal vs cultural dynamics, and strong communcations.
I use an integrated approach combining humanistic theories, experiential practices, and CBT interventions to cater to your needs.
Whether you are struggling at work, at home, internally, or all-of-the-above, therapy can help you find wellness and develop resilience against negative thoughts, burnout, and stress. My first goal is that you feel heard in a safe space, void of judgement, and my second goal is to be your partner in your healing and self development. I welcome new clients who have never considered therapy before and those who are still looking for the right therapist. I also work with couples and families, as I am passionate about family dynamics, personal vs cultural dynamics, and strong communcations.
(343) 312-7544 View (343) 312-7544
Photo of Justin Scheerer, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Justin Scheerer
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stratford, ON N5A
For more than 10 years, I have had an integral role in the growth and development of youth and adults. From coaching and supporting youth in competitive sports, to creating holistic health plans as a certified nutrition coach, I have journeyed alongside and supported folks in stressful situations. I support clients using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Humanistic, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy lenses, emphasizing compassion and support as we navigate your journey of self-discovery. If you are interested in learning new strategies and having someone walk alongside you on your journey, please reach out.
For more than 10 years, I have had an integral role in the growth and development of youth and adults. From coaching and supporting youth in competitive sports, to creating holistic health plans as a certified nutrition coach, I have journeyed alongside and supported folks in stressful situations. I support clients using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Humanistic, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy lenses, emphasizing compassion and support as we navigate your journey of self-discovery. If you are interested in learning new strategies and having someone walk alongside you on your journey, please reach out.
(548) 457-1072 View (548) 457-1072
Photo of Yaacov Lefcoe, Psychologist in Ontario
Yaacov Lefcoe
Psychologist, CPsych
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4W
These include humanistic and experiential approaches; psychodynamic, and family systems therapies.
I really enjoy working with clients motivated for growth and change, and curious about themselves; what makes them "tick". The depth of my craft involves creating and holding a therapeutic space or "container", enabling my clients to turn inwards and discover what moves them unseen. Patterns in personality and emotion emerge into view; emotional processes become unstuck and able to flow through to resolution. An inner space opens for something new. It is a tremendous honour and privilege to accompany and serve people on this journey as a trusted ally, a witness, and expert midwife of psychological change.
These include humanistic and experiential approaches; psychodynamic, and family systems therapies.
I really enjoy working with clients motivated for growth and change, and curious about themselves; what makes them "tick". The depth of my craft involves creating and holding a therapeutic space or "container", enabling my clients to turn inwards and discover what moves them unseen. Patterns in personality and emotion emerge into view; emotional processes become unstuck and able to flow through to resolution. An inner space opens for something new. It is a tremendous honour and privilege to accompany and serve people on this journey as a trusted ally, a witness, and expert midwife of psychological change.
(365) 800-6726 View (365) 800-6726
Photo of Neervana Ramotar, Registered Social Worker in Ontario
Neervana Ramotar
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richmond Hill, ON L4C  (Online Only)
At the core of my work is a deep commitment to the humanistic perspective.
As a therapist, I am dedicated to guiding you on your path to healing and personal growth. My approach is rooted in the fundamental principles of non-judgment, empathy, and compassion. In the initial stages of our therapeutic journey, my primary focus is on creating a strong foundation built on trust and collaboration. I am committed to providing a safe and nurturing space where you can freely share your experiences and stories without fear of judgment.
At the core of my work is a deep commitment to the humanistic perspective.
As a therapist, I am dedicated to guiding you on your path to healing and personal growth. My approach is rooted in the fundamental principles of non-judgment, empathy, and compassion. In the initial stages of our therapeutic journey, my primary focus is on creating a strong foundation built on trust and collaboration. I am committed to providing a safe and nurturing space where you can freely share your experiences and stories without fear of judgment.
(289) 206-9974 View (289) 206-9974
Photo of Paul T P Wong, Psychologist in Ontario
Paul T P Wong
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
North York, ON M2M  (Online Only)
It is based on an extension of logotherapy and integration of other modalities, such as CBT, humanistic, and positive psychotherapies.
My ideal client is willing to engage in self-reflection, explore the deeper existential issues related to his/her predicament, and discover the pathways of actualizing his/her potential and dream. Such a client can be a new college graduate struggling for a better understanding of her self-identity or a senior questioning his life's meaning. The issues I am best suited to addressing are both the dark sides of the human condition-such as depression, anxiety, anger, loss, suffering, and death-and the bright sides of personal growth and flourishing.
It is based on an extension of logotherapy and integration of other modalities, such as CBT, humanistic, and positive psychotherapies.
My ideal client is willing to engage in self-reflection, explore the deeper existential issues related to his/her predicament, and discover the pathways of actualizing his/her potential and dream. Such a client can be a new college graduate struggling for a better understanding of her self-identity or a senior questioning his life's meaning. The issues I am best suited to addressing are both the dark sides of the human condition-such as depression, anxiety, anger, loss, suffering, and death-and the bright sides of personal growth and flourishing.
(855) 690-4409 View (855) 690-4409
Photo of Dr. Cheryl Birch, Psychologist in Ontario
Dr. Cheryl Birch
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
I am well-experienced in customizing treatments to meet unique client needs using a variety of therapy approaches including: Cognitive and Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Humanistic Therapy, and Solution-Focused Therapy.
Warm Greetings! I am a Registered Clinical Psychologist serving Orangeville, Caledon, Shelburne, New Tecumseth, Erin, Grand Valley and surrounding communities. My doctorate was completed in 2008, and I have experience in a wide variety of clinical settings. Individual assessment and therapy support is available for adolescents and adults in my clinic. It is my passionate commitment to respect clients' strengths and diverse backgrounds. I truly count it a privilege to walk alongside others in their pursuit of wellness. My approach is caring and non-judgmental. I am dedicated to a scientist-practitioner approach in providing treatments that have proven effectiveness.
I am well-experienced in customizing treatments to meet unique client needs using a variety of therapy approaches including: Cognitive and Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Humanistic Therapy, and Solution-Focused Therapy.
Warm Greetings! I am a Registered Clinical Psychologist serving Orangeville, Caledon, Shelburne, New Tecumseth, Erin, Grand Valley and surrounding communities. My doctorate was completed in 2008, and I have experience in a wide variety of clinical settings. Individual assessment and therapy support is available for adolescents and adults in my clinic. It is my passionate commitment to respect clients' strengths and diverse backgrounds. I truly count it a privilege to walk alongside others in their pursuit of wellness. My approach is caring and non-judgmental. I am dedicated to a scientist-practitioner approach in providing treatments that have proven effectiveness.
(844) 629-9636 View (844) 629-9636
Photo of Yvan Roy, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Yvan Roy
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd , RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K2H  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am known for my strong humanistic orientation with a down-to-earth and engaging communication style.
Welcome, Bienvenue. With a specialization in couple therapy and addiction, I bring over 30 years of seasoned expertise as a therapist and clinical supervisor. I've dedicated my professionnal life to helping people change. Whether you're grappling with relationship issues, addictive behaviors, or battling depression and anxiety, I invite you to embark on a journey of transformation by scheduling a consultation with me.
I am known for my strong humanistic orientation with a down-to-earth and engaging communication style.
Welcome, Bienvenue. With a specialization in couple therapy and addiction, I bring over 30 years of seasoned expertise as a therapist and clinical supervisor. I've dedicated my professionnal life to helping people change. Whether you're grappling with relationship issues, addictive behaviors, or battling depression and anxiety, I invite you to embark on a journey of transformation by scheduling a consultation with me.
(819) 510-5518 View (819) 510-5518
Photo of Tania Hernandez, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Tania Hernandez
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R  (Online Only)
My practice draws on existential, humanistic and psychodynamic traditions of Western psychology and is grounded in the wisdom of Eastern philosophies, mindfulness and somatic work.
Emotional pain is an inherent part of the human experience, but you don’t have to go through it alone. In our sessions, we will work through your struggles and together create a clear path for you to feel in control and content with your life. You'll enter a non-judgmental space where you can truly be you, with the ability to express your innermost thoughts and feelings. I will meet you where you are in your journey with acceptance and compassion. I work with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, trauma, attachment issues and interpersonal concerns such as work, family, relationships and friendships.
My practice draws on existential, humanistic and psychodynamic traditions of Western psychology and is grounded in the wisdom of Eastern philosophies, mindfulness and somatic work.
Emotional pain is an inherent part of the human experience, but you don’t have to go through it alone. In our sessions, we will work through your struggles and together create a clear path for you to feel in control and content with your life. You'll enter a non-judgmental space where you can truly be you, with the ability to express your innermost thoughts and feelings. I will meet you where you are in your journey with acceptance and compassion. I work with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, trauma, attachment issues and interpersonal concerns such as work, family, relationships and friendships.
(647) 933-1046 View (647) 933-1046
Photo of Alan Eisenstat, Psychologist in Ontario
Alan Eisenstat
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Aurora, ON L4G
In my practice, I strive to provide a safe and supportive environment in which my clients can work toward their goals. I employ evidence-based methods, meaning that I integrate current research findings with my clinical expertise to determine the most effective course of therapy. While my theoretical orientation is largely cognitive-behavioral (CBT), I also draw on solution-focussed, experiential, and humanistic approaches. My main areas of expertise include depression, anxiety problems, stress management, and anger management.
In my practice, I strive to provide a safe and supportive environment in which my clients can work toward their goals. I employ evidence-based methods, meaning that I integrate current research findings with my clinical expertise to determine the most effective course of therapy. While my theoretical orientation is largely cognitive-behavioral (CBT), I also draw on solution-focussed, experiential, and humanistic approaches. My main areas of expertise include depression, anxiety problems, stress management, and anger management.
(249) 504-2558 View (249) 504-2558
Photo of Ainur Alipkaliyeva, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Ainur Alipkaliyeva
Registered Psychotherapist, MD, RP
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L4Z  (Online Only)
I use an emotionally and solution focused, humanistic and experiential approach.
***NOW ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS FOR PHONE/VIDEO**** People enter my office for a variety of reasons. Sometimes they find it difficult to make a decision or feel that they cannot get out of a vicious circle of problems, struggle to adapt to new conditions or don’t feel safe, and sometimes it is simply difficult for them to live from day to day due to mental health or physical concerns. Sometimes they want to help their loved ones and don't know how. They often want to feel free from feelings of hopelessness and helplessness, overcome the struggles and move forward.
I use an emotionally and solution focused, humanistic and experiential approach.
***NOW ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS FOR PHONE/VIDEO**** People enter my office for a variety of reasons. Sometimes they find it difficult to make a decision or feel that they cannot get out of a vicious circle of problems, struggle to adapt to new conditions or don’t feel safe, and sometimes it is simply difficult for them to live from day to day due to mental health or physical concerns. Sometimes they want to help their loved ones and don't know how. They often want to feel free from feelings of hopelessness and helplessness, overcome the struggles and move forward.
(289) 206-9122 View (289) 206-9122
Photo of Alan Eisenstat, Psychologist in Ontario
Alan Eisenstat
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
In my practice, I strive to provide a safe and supportive environment in which my clients can work toward their goals. I employ evidence-based methods, meaning that I integrate current research findings with my clinical expertise to determine the most effective course of therapy. While my theoretical orientation is largely cognitive-behavioral (CBT), I also draw on solution-focussed, experiential, and humanistic approaches. My main areas of expertise include depression, anxiety problems, stress management, and anger management.
In my practice, I strive to provide a safe and supportive environment in which my clients can work toward their goals. I employ evidence-based methods, meaning that I integrate current research findings with my clinical expertise to determine the most effective course of therapy. While my theoretical orientation is largely cognitive-behavioral (CBT), I also draw on solution-focussed, experiential, and humanistic approaches. My main areas of expertise include depression, anxiety problems, stress management, and anger management.
(289) 274-7419 View (289) 274-7419
Photo of Angel Enrique Pacheco, Psychologist in Ontario
Angel Enrique Pacheco
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L4W  (Online Only)
I am a Humanistic Behavioral Clinical Psychologist with over four decades of professional experience, specialized in behavior therapy and behavioral medicine. I am dedicated to helping people function and feel better by providing them with individual, couples, and family psychotherapy. I work with persons of all ages and groups of reference; with persons of both sexes presenting sexual disorders, and with all couples in their interaction and intimacy problems, and specialized in performing individualized clinical assessments of children, youth, and adults. My goal as a professional is to help people... Learn to Live Better ®.
I am a Humanistic Behavioral Clinical Psychologist with over four decades of professional experience, specialized in behavior therapy and behavioral medicine. I am dedicated to helping people function and feel better by providing them with individual, couples, and family psychotherapy. I work with persons of all ages and groups of reference; with persons of both sexes presenting sexual disorders, and with all couples in their interaction and intimacy problems, and specialized in performing individualized clinical assessments of children, youth, and adults. My goal as a professional is to help people... Learn to Live Better ®.
(289) 312-1765 View (289) 312-1765
Photo of Mat Dean, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Ontario
Mat Dean
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4Y  (Online Only)
I offer a person-centred/humanistic approach, and work with existential themes.
We're all in this together. We all need someone to talk to, to confide in. We are social beings and connection is a vital element of healthy living. We can talk. Perhaps the big questions in life ("Why am I here?", "What's the point?", "What now?") might be keeping you up at night, or perhaps stress with relationships, work, or family feels overwhelming. The world can be a lot sometimes, it can all feel overwhelming, but you are resilient. Together, we can grow, adapt and learn to navigate all of this. I offer online-therapy and have some spots left!
I offer a person-centred/humanistic approach, and work with existential themes.
We're all in this together. We all need someone to talk to, to confide in. We are social beings and connection is a vital element of healthy living. We can talk. Perhaps the big questions in life ("Why am I here?", "What's the point?", "What now?") might be keeping you up at night, or perhaps stress with relationships, work, or family feels overwhelming. The world can be a lot sometimes, it can all feel overwhelming, but you are resilient. Together, we can grow, adapt and learn to navigate all of this. I offer online-therapy and have some spots left!
(647) 956-1023 View (647) 956-1023
Photo of Uzma Ilahi, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Uzma Ilahi
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakville, ON L6H
I am trained both in Canada and overseas with a focus on humanistic, existential and spiritual theories on human functioning.
You might be looking to increase psychological fitness, or make sense of past wounds, or make a change in your present way of being in the world – I offer a safe, non judgmental and supportive space to facilitate your healing. My work is to help you experience who you truly are, harness your personal strength and overcome your challenges. I work with a firm belief in the resilience of the human spirit and this belief is supported by a solid educational base, a multi-cultural variety of life experience, and a range of counselling skills and tools that makes it possible for me to meet your individual needs.
I am trained both in Canada and overseas with a focus on humanistic, existential and spiritual theories on human functioning.
You might be looking to increase psychological fitness, or make sense of past wounds, or make a change in your present way of being in the world – I offer a safe, non judgmental and supportive space to facilitate your healing. My work is to help you experience who you truly are, harness your personal strength and overcome your challenges. I work with a firm belief in the resilience of the human spirit and this belief is supported by a solid educational base, a multi-cultural variety of life experience, and a range of counselling skills and tools that makes it possible for me to meet your individual needs.
(289) 768-9298 View (289) 768-9298
Photo of Shauna Lynn Switzer, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Shauna Lynn Switzer
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, MCP, RP, C Hyp
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakville, ON L6H
At times, many of us contend with emotions and suffering that are overwhelmingly painful, disheartening and difficult to bear, often as a result of unique stressors and events. I work with adults, adolescents, families and step-families using Emotionally Focused Therapy, EMDR, interpersonal psychotherapy, and DBT/CBT within neuroscience and attachment frameworks. I encouraged clients to access inner strengths and free their capacity for growth. Whether you or a family member experience depression, anxiety, marital distress or difficulties with peers, you deserve support in a confidential, accepting, safe and caring environment.
At times, many of us contend with emotions and suffering that are overwhelmingly painful, disheartening and difficult to bear, often as a result of unique stressors and events. I work with adults, adolescents, families and step-families using Emotionally Focused Therapy, EMDR, interpersonal psychotherapy, and DBT/CBT within neuroscience and attachment frameworks. I encouraged clients to access inner strengths and free their capacity for growth. Whether you or a family member experience depression, anxiety, marital distress or difficulties with peers, you deserve support in a confidential, accepting, safe and caring environment.
(905) 920-7063 View (905) 920-7063
Photo of Mishy Elmpak, Psychologist in Ontario
Mishy Elmpak
Psychologist, CPsych
Verified Verified
Thornhill, ON L3T
During these very difficult times, many people are left feeling increasingly alone and anxious. Does your worry and anxiousness limit your relationships, your work or your studies? You want to overcome your emotional distress, make positive changes in your life and feel good. You would like to lead a life which is more meaningful, happier and more successful, but somehow it does not work out. You feel you can't make the changes you want to see. Call me now to find together a roadmap to a better life and to overcome these barriers.
During these very difficult times, many people are left feeling increasingly alone and anxious. Does your worry and anxiousness limit your relationships, your work or your studies? You want to overcome your emotional distress, make positive changes in your life and feel good. You would like to lead a life which is more meaningful, happier and more successful, but somehow it does not work out. You feel you can't make the changes you want to see. Call me now to find together a roadmap to a better life and to overcome these barriers.
(855) 979-9438 View (855) 979-9438
Photo of Dino Zuccarini, Psychologist in Ontario
Dino Zuccarini
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K2P
Since 2001, I have supported individuals and couples to deal with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, work place stress, burnout, sexual and relationship and self-esteem issues, and existential issues related to meaning and purpose. I can help you deal with couple problems (e.g., intimacy, communication), repair your relationship after injuries, such as affairs or betrayals, and improve your sex life. I have presented at national conferences and published book chapters and peer-reviewed journal articles in the area of couples and sex therapy. I can support you to build a more, secure resilient self and strengthen your relationships.
Since 2001, I have supported individuals and couples to deal with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, work place stress, burnout, sexual and relationship and self-esteem issues, and existential issues related to meaning and purpose. I can help you deal with couple problems (e.g., intimacy, communication), repair your relationship after injuries, such as affairs or betrayals, and improve your sex life. I have presented at national conferences and published book chapters and peer-reviewed journal articles in the area of couples and sex therapy. I can support you to build a more, secure resilient self and strengthen your relationships.
(343) 304-5625 View (343) 304-5625
Photo of Chiru Counselling & Psychotherapy, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Chiru Counselling & Psychotherapy
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MACP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Manotick, ON K4M
At some point in our lives, everyone struggles with issues that feel overwhelming; sometimes we find solutions on our own, and there are times when we might need support from someone who is trained to help. If you are looking for help that is expert, confidential and tailored to your needs, contact me directly: 613-620-3642, info@chirucounselling.ca My office is based in Manotick (Ottawa South), 20-30 minutes drive from Barrhaven, Nepean, Casselman, Metcalf, Winchester, Kemptville.
At some point in our lives, everyone struggles with issues that feel overwhelming; sometimes we find solutions on our own, and there are times when we might need support from someone who is trained to help. If you are looking for help that is expert, confidential and tailored to your needs, contact me directly: 613-620-3642, info@chirucounselling.ca My office is based in Manotick (Ottawa South), 20-30 minutes drive from Barrhaven, Nepean, Casselman, Metcalf, Winchester, Kemptville.
(343) 303-4036 View (343) 303-4036
Photo of Heather Vescio, Registered Psychotherapist in Ontario
Heather Vescio
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
Verified Verified
Georgetown, ON L7G
I offer a holistic and client-centred approach for individuals seeking counselling for their varying needs. I am equipped to support clients and contribute to a treatment plan, goals and outcomes, providing motivation to aid individuals within a therapeutic environment. With a previous diploma in child and youth work, I have experience working with individuals ages 11 and up within various community settings.
I offer a holistic and client-centred approach for individuals seeking counselling for their varying needs. I am equipped to support clients and contribute to a treatment plan, goals and outcomes, providing motivation to aid individuals within a therapeutic environment. With a previous diploma in child and youth work, I have experience working with individuals ages 11 and up within various community settings.
(289) 768-9264 View (289) 768-9264

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Humanistic Counsellors

How does humanistic therapy work?

One tenet of humanistic therapy is that people are good. The humanistic approach is concerned with a person’s ability to accept oneself. It likewise encourages a person to overcome self-criticism and self-defeating tendencies, as well as disapproval from others. This approach also emphasizes self-actualisation and treating an individual as a whole person. A foundation of this therapy type: The patient is the expert in their life, and treatment often takes the individual’s lead.

Is humanistic therapy evidence-based?

Humanistic therapy is an evidence-based practice. Research has found that humanistic therapy can lead to significant improvement, and for some people it can be just as effective as other therapies, such as Cognitive behavioural therapy. The benefits of humanistic therapy are enduring.

How long does humanistic therapy last?

The goal of humanistic therapy is to understand a person’s day-to-day experiences. While sessions can be short-term and last over a few months, therapy can sometimes continue beyond that and last up to a year or more. And because patients learn the theory behind humanistic therapy during treatment, they can also practice its tenets throughout life after therapy sessions have been completed.

Is humanistic therapy effective?

According to research, many patients find success with humanistic therapy. Researchers note that the therapy is particularly useful in addressing poor self-esteem and self-sabotage, as well as improving conditions including anxiety and depression. Improvements in problem areas can be long standing, as individuals can continue working on themselves by using the tools they’ve learned during treatment.