Therapists in H1W

Photo of Gabrielle David, Art Therapist, MA, ATPQ, ND
Gabrielle David
Art Therapist, MA, ATPQ, ND
Montréal, QC H1W
Are you going through difficult times and want to feel better? I am here to listen to what you've been through without judgment, in a safe and caring environment. We will take the time to understand what inhabits you, and I will support you while respecting your needs and your own pace. Together, we will walk toward greater well-being, a sense of hope and relief, and inner peace. I can help you cultivate curiosity towards yourself and develop a better or new connection with yourself, which may have been lost through difficult experiences.
Are you going through difficult times and want to feel better? I am here to listen to what you've been through without judgment, in a safe and caring environment. We will take the time to understand what inhabits you, and I will support you while respecting your needs and your own pace. Together, we will walk toward greater well-being, a sense of hope and relief, and inner peace. I can help you cultivate curiosity towards yourself and develop a better or new connection with yourself, which may have been lost through difficult experiences.
(438) 256-0301 View (438) 256-0301
Photo of Katrina Suchostawski, Art Therapist, MA, BEd, ATPQ, ND
Katrina Suchostawski
Art Therapist, MA, BEd, ATPQ, ND
Montréal, QC H1W
Hello! My name is Katrina. Thank you for your interest. I love doing what I do! I enjoy accompanying my clients on their journey, figuring out what makes them “tick,” watching as they bloom and discover new pathways they might not have seen for themselves before. Therapy can be like stirring up a muddy puddle, and waiting for it to settle. Once the debris moves around and quietly settles into its new home, then you can see clearly again. I will be there to consistently provide you with a safe space where you can explore yourself, your needs, and your wishes. Together we will figure out how we can get you where you want to be.
Hello! My name is Katrina. Thank you for your interest. I love doing what I do! I enjoy accompanying my clients on their journey, figuring out what makes them “tick,” watching as they bloom and discover new pathways they might not have seen for themselves before. Therapy can be like stirring up a muddy puddle, and waiting for it to settle. Once the debris moves around and quietly settles into its new home, then you can see clearly again. I will be there to consistently provide you with a safe space where you can explore yourself, your needs, and your wishes. Together we will figure out how we can get you where you want to be.
(579) 995-0485 View (579) 995-0485
Photo of Sol Engmann, Counsellor
Sol Engmann
Counsellor
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
We all struggle sometimes and deserve support. Life can be hard, because of a conflict, transition, separation, loss, or because the world's sick and it's a lot harder for some to survive. It can help to talk, feel supported and heard by someone who can validate and understand our reality. I hope to create an environment full of care, including for queer and trans folks and their loved ones, and everyone living at the intersection of one or several forms of oppression. It's crucial for me to recognize and centre the expertise of each person over their own lived experience.
We all struggle sometimes and deserve support. Life can be hard, because of a conflict, transition, separation, loss, or because the world's sick and it's a lot harder for some to survive. It can help to talk, feel supported and heard by someone who can validate and understand our reality. I hope to create an environment full of care, including for queer and trans folks and their loved ones, and everyone living at the intersection of one or several forms of oppression. It's crucial for me to recognize and centre the expertise of each person over their own lived experience.
(438) 834-8157 View (438) 834-8157
Photo of Cindy S Larabie, Registered Social Worker, TS, SW, BA, BSW
Cindy S Larabie
Registered Social Worker, TS, SW, BA, BSW
Serves Area
La croissance est un voyage nécessitant soutien et confiance. Thérapeute bilingue depuis plus de 25 ans d’expérience, j’offre une approche chaleureuse et créative, axée sur les forces, adaptée à vos besoins. J'utilise diverses méthodes pour développer des compétences émotionnelles et relationnelles durables. Growth is a journey needing support and trust. As a bilingual therapist with over 25 years of experience, I offer a warm, creative, strengths-based approach, tailoring interventions to your needs. I use diverse methods to help you build emotional and relational skills for lasting change.
La croissance est un voyage nécessitant soutien et confiance. Thérapeute bilingue depuis plus de 25 ans d’expérience, j’offre une approche chaleureuse et créative, axée sur les forces, adaptée à vos besoins. J'utilise diverses méthodes pour développer des compétences émotionnelles et relationnelles durables. Growth is a journey needing support and trust. As a bilingual therapist with over 25 years of experience, I offer a warm, creative, strengths-based approach, tailoring interventions to your needs. I use diverse methods to help you build emotional and relational skills for lasting change.
(438) 255-6633 View (438) 255-6633
Photo of Mischa Louise Davison - Rowan Tree Therapy, Psychologist, MEd, APE
Rowan Tree Therapy
Psychologist, MEd, APE
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I have over 15 years experience in counselling, therapy and psychoeducation. I work with individuals. My space is LGBTQI+ allied and I am committed to creating a safe and healing space for you to be fully heard and supported to address important issues at a pace that feels right for you. I am a Level 2 Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapist and I bring my somatic training to IFS to help you get to the core of what is holding you back. I look forward to helping you express, connect and thrive!
I have over 15 years experience in counselling, therapy and psychoeducation. I work with individuals. My space is LGBTQI+ allied and I am committed to creating a safe and healing space for you to be fully heard and supported to address important issues at a pace that feels right for you. I am a Level 2 Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapist and I bring my somatic training to IFS to help you get to the core of what is holding you back. I look forward to helping you express, connect and thrive!
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Photo of Akinyi Elsie Oluoch, MA, ND
Akinyi Elsie Oluoch
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Life transitions and relationships mixed in with capitalism, colonialism and climate crisis can be a whirlwind to navigate. Our sessions will acknowledge systemic barriers to mental health, ways in which your body has adapted and survived and assess what your nervous system needs to move through these muddy waters.
Life transitions and relationships mixed in with capitalism, colonialism and climate crisis can be a whirlwind to navigate. Our sessions will acknowledge systemic barriers to mental health, ways in which your body has adapted and survived and assess what your nervous system needs to move through these muddy waters.
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Photo of Julie Heng Ung - Julie Ung, Pre-Licensed Professional, BLA, CTP
Julie Ung
Pre-Licensed Professional, BLA, CTP
Online Only
Have you been on auto-pilot for too long - or just struggling to listen to your own needs, emotions, and dreams ? Do you feel like you're missing out on the joy of life, only managing to meet your day-to-day obligations ? If you recognize yourself in this endless loop, I'm here to offer a non-judgemental space to process the thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that keep you stuck. Whether you wish to look at specific patterns or don't know yet where to begin, I'm here to help explore. My psychodynamic approach draws from psychoanalysis, the relational school of thoughts and a compassionate and holistic view of the human experience.
Have you been on auto-pilot for too long - or just struggling to listen to your own needs, emotions, and dreams ? Do you feel like you're missing out on the joy of life, only managing to meet your day-to-day obligations ? If you recognize yourself in this endless loop, I'm here to offer a non-judgemental space to process the thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that keep you stuck. Whether you wish to look at specific patterns or don't know yet where to begin, I'm here to help explore. My psychodynamic approach draws from psychoanalysis, the relational school of thoughts and a compassionate and holistic view of the human experience.
(782) 800-0948 View (782) 800-0948
Photo of Michele L. Gardiner - Elemental Psychotherapy & Coaching Support , Counsellor, MAC, CCC, CCTP-II, CSAC
Elemental Psychotherapy & Coaching Support
Counsellor, MAC, CCC, CCTP-II, CSAC
Online Only
I'm Michele Gardiner, a Canadian Certified Counsellor and Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and Coach with 15+ years of experience supporting individuals and groups through Anxiety, Depression, Eating Disorders, and Trauma Disorders (PTSD, C-PTSD, Dissociation). As a therapist and a human being, I recognize that beginning therapy can feel vulnerable and endeavour to ease this with a warm, welcoming, and professional approach that focuses on you and your values and goals for creating greater joy, balance, and freedom in life.
I'm Michele Gardiner, a Canadian Certified Counsellor and Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and Coach with 15+ years of experience supporting individuals and groups through Anxiety, Depression, Eating Disorders, and Trauma Disorders (PTSD, C-PTSD, Dissociation). As a therapist and a human being, I recognize that beginning therapy can feel vulnerable and endeavour to ease this with a warm, welcoming, and professional approach that focuses on you and your values and goals for creating greater joy, balance, and freedom in life.
(506) 436-2988 View (506) 436-2988

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Arash Kameli - Kameli Counselling, Counsellor, MA, CCC, CRPO
Kameli Counselling
Counsellor, MA, CCC, CRPO
6 Endorsed
Montréal, QC H3B
Your situation, needs, obstacles &goals are unique to you. Therefore the approaches used are tailored to best fit your specific needs. Before we explore the changes you want to make in your unique situation, we explore together to understand the nature of your problems or concerns in great depth and detail. I provide the safe, strictly confidential space for you to freely explore your issues at a pace that best suits you, while also encouraging your growth. I deal with issues related to anxiety, depression, stress, coping skills, relationships, changes after marriage, sexuality, existential questions, finding meaning after loss & other areas, with individuals and couples.
Your situation, needs, obstacles &goals are unique to you. Therefore the approaches used are tailored to best fit your specific needs. Before we explore the changes you want to make in your unique situation, we explore together to understand the nature of your problems or concerns in great depth and detail. I provide the safe, strictly confidential space for you to freely explore your issues at a pace that best suits you, while also encouraging your growth. I deal with issues related to anxiety, depression, stress, coping skills, relationships, changes after marriage, sexuality, existential questions, finding meaning after loss & other areas, with individuals and couples.
(438) 230-6163 View (438) 230-6163
Photo of Diana Alexandra Moldoveanu, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, CCC
Diana Alexandra Moldoveanu
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, CCC
3 Endorsed
Laval, QC H7W
Are you feeling overwhelmed, uncertain, or stuck? Perhaps it's time to build clarity, balance, and stronger connections with yourself, your family and the world at large. This translates into resilience, life-work balance, and a meaningful path forward, and guidance from someone who understands these stages and can help you thrive.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, uncertain, or stuck? Perhaps it's time to build clarity, balance, and stronger connections with yourself, your family and the world at large. This translates into resilience, life-work balance, and a meaningful path forward, and guidance from someone who understands these stages and can help you thrive.
(438) 255-6027 View (438) 255-6027
Photo of Caitlin Klein - Caitlin Klein • Relationships, Dating, Breakups, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MHSc, MA
Caitlin Klein • Relationships, Dating, Breakups
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MHSc, MA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
SAME-WEEK spots + FREE 30-min consult • I see you, hurting & seeking change. Like dating, you can't tell if you mesh by scrolling profiles :) Reach out & let’s untangle it together.
SAME-WEEK spots + FREE 30-min consult • I see you, hurting & seeking change. Like dating, you can't tell if you mesh by scrolling profiles :) Reach out & let’s untangle it together.
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Photo of Pierre Ouellette, Psychologist, MPs, MBA
Pierre Ouellette
Psychologist, MPs, MBA
3 Endorsed
Montréal, QC H2J
As a member of the Ordre des psychologues du Québec (OPQ) with over 30 years of experience supporting individuals, I base my practice on active listening, kindness and creating a safe space where everyone can express their concerns and mobilise their resources. I offer psychotherapy, counselling and coaching services for both individuals on a personal journey and leaders seeking guidance. My role is to accompany you towards a better understanding of yourself, the reinforcement of your strengths and to support you in making choices aligned with your values.
As a member of the Ordre des psychologues du Québec (OPQ) with over 30 years of experience supporting individuals, I base my practice on active listening, kindness and creating a safe space where everyone can express their concerns and mobilise their resources. I offer psychotherapy, counselling and coaching services for both individuals on a personal journey and leaders seeking guidance. My role is to accompany you towards a better understanding of yourself, the reinforcement of your strengths and to support you in making choices aligned with your values.
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Photo of Kathleen Skinner - KS Therapy Services, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MTA
KS Therapy Services
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MTA
Montréal, QC H3H
Are you looking for a new therapist but don't know where to start? Whether you are trying therapy for the first time or finding someone new, the search can feel so overwhelming. We want to make it easier. Our team of therapists each has their own style and specialities, and we offer free matching consultations to help you find your fit. This means you can get specialized, high quality support without having to read countless profiles. With specialities from anxiety, trauma, and ADHD, to teen, couples, and creative arts therapy, we can pair you with the therapist who knows how to support you with whatever you are seeking help for.
Are you looking for a new therapist but don't know where to start? Whether you are trying therapy for the first time or finding someone new, the search can feel so overwhelming. We want to make it easier. Our team of therapists each has their own style and specialities, and we offer free matching consultations to help you find your fit. This means you can get specialized, high quality support without having to read countless profiles. With specialities from anxiety, trauma, and ADHD, to teen, couples, and creative arts therapy, we can pair you with the therapist who knows how to support you with whatever you are seeking help for.
(226) 840-6146 View (226) 840-6146
Photo of Cheryl Mack, Registered Social Worker, RSW
Cheryl Mack
Registered Social Worker, RSW
1 Endorsed
Châteauguay, QC J6K
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or stuck in patterns that feel hard to break. Past or recent trauma, grief, relationship stress, or ongoing life pressures may be leaving you anxious, depressed, disconnected, or unsure how to move forward. Perhaps you’ve been holding it all together for others while feeling unsettled inside, and you’re looking for a safe, supportive space to feel understood and regain a sense of balance.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or stuck in patterns that feel hard to break. Past or recent trauma, grief, relationship stress, or ongoing life pressures may be leaving you anxious, depressed, disconnected, or unsure how to move forward. Perhaps you’ve been holding it all together for others while feeling unsettled inside, and you’re looking for a safe, supportive space to feel understood and regain a sense of balance.
(579) 809-1683 View (579) 809-1683
Photo of Quentin Genevrier, Counsellor, MA, CCC
Quentin Genevrier
Counsellor, MA, CCC
4 Endorsed
Montréal, QC H4A
What often makes life difficult is not the situation itself, but how we hold ourselves under pressure. Therapy, as I see it, is about strengthening that inner capacity—so you can meet challenges with greater autonomy. I don’t view therapy as something that is done to you. Rather than importing answers from the outside, my role is to accompany you as you explore your own experience and to help create the conditions in which insight, self-trust, and meaningful change can emerge.
What often makes life difficult is not the situation itself, but how we hold ourselves under pressure. Therapy, as I see it, is about strengthening that inner capacity—so you can meet challenges with greater autonomy. I don’t view therapy as something that is done to you. Rather than importing answers from the outside, my role is to accompany you as you explore your own experience and to help create the conditions in which insight, self-trust, and meaningful change can emerge.
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Photo of Westmount Psychological - Westmount Psychological Services, Psychologist
It takes tremendous courage to look inside yourself and make changes to improve your life. We're glad you're here and look forward to accompanying you on your journey. Whether you are struggling with despair or anxiety, with your relationships, or with your career, peace and fulfillment is most definitely possible. We can help you find a therapist that is a good fit for you and your needs, and we are committed to adapting our knowledge and expertise for your unique needs. Your wellness is our priority
It takes tremendous courage to look inside yourself and make changes to improve your life. We're glad you're here and look forward to accompanying you on your journey. Whether you are struggling with despair or anxiety, with your relationships, or with your career, peace and fulfillment is most definitely possible. We can help you find a therapist that is a good fit for you and your needs, and we are committed to adapting our knowledge and expertise for your unique needs. Your wellness is our priority
(438) 255-6731 View (438) 255-6731
Photo of Sasha Star Golvin - Sasha Golvin, Counsellor, BA, MA
Sasha Golvin
Counsellor, BA, MA
3 Endorsed
Montréal, QC H3W
Are you trapped in your head and overwhelmed by big emotions Drama therapy could be a good fit for you. Are you or your child looking for therapy that works with your brain, not against it? Feeling misunderstood or like an outcast? Navigating school, friendships, or independence, therapy can help you build confidence, manage emotions, and feel more at ease being yourself. Currently, struggling with shutdowns, communication, or feeling disconnected from yourself, therapy can help you build confidence, manage energy, and feel calmer in the present moment. I have availability for new clients on Saturdays and Wednesday evenings.
Are you trapped in your head and overwhelmed by big emotions Drama therapy could be a good fit for you. Are you or your child looking for therapy that works with your brain, not against it? Feeling misunderstood or like an outcast? Navigating school, friendships, or independence, therapy can help you build confidence, manage emotions, and feel more at ease being yourself. Currently, struggling with shutdowns, communication, or feeling disconnected from yourself, therapy can help you build confidence, manage energy, and feel calmer in the present moment. I have availability for new clients on Saturdays and Wednesday evenings.
(438) 230-2685 View (438) 230-2685
Photo of Amanda Valvano, Counsellor, MA, CCC
Amanda Valvano
Counsellor, MA, CCC
Montréal, QC H3G
You’re a high-functioning man or young professional who looks successful on the outside but feels anxious, burned out, or disconnected on the inside. You overthink, struggle with stress, relationship uncertainty, or low self-confidence, and feel pressure to always keep it together. Maybe expressing emotions feels uncomfortable, or you’ve been told to “handle it yourself.” You want clarity, stronger relationships, emotional control, and a way to feel steady without losing your ambition or independence.
You’re a high-functioning man or young professional who looks successful on the outside but feels anxious, burned out, or disconnected on the inside. You overthink, struggle with stress, relationship uncertainty, or low self-confidence, and feel pressure to always keep it together. Maybe expressing emotions feels uncomfortable, or you’ve been told to “handle it yourself.” You want clarity, stronger relationships, emotional control, and a way to feel steady without losing your ambition or independence.
(438) 600-9551 View (438) 600-9551
Photo of Jeffrey J C Anyan, Psychologist, BSc, PhD, OPQ
Jeffrey J C Anyan
Psychologist, BSc, PhD, OPQ
1 Endorsed
Montréal, QC H2J
No matter what problem you are facing, you do not have to do it alone. Life is wrought with ups and downs and my ultimate goal as a therapist is to help clients work through problems. I strive to help people find the tools they need to achieve the best possible outcomes allowing them to live their best lives. I understand that sometimes it can be difficult to put into words the exact nature of what is troubling you but I am confident that with dedication we will find a solution.
No matter what problem you are facing, you do not have to do it alone. Life is wrought with ups and downs and my ultimate goal as a therapist is to help clients work through problems. I strive to help people find the tools they need to achieve the best possible outcomes allowing them to live their best lives. I understand that sometimes it can be difficult to put into words the exact nature of what is troubling you but I am confident that with dedication we will find a solution.
(438) 500-8279 View (438) 500-8279
Photo of Elissa Rae Landrigan - The Counselling Corner Laval, Counsellor, DCP, CCC, RP (Q)
The Counselling Corner Laval
Counsellor, DCP, CCC, RP (Q)
Laval, QC H7T
Hello and welcome to my practice at The Counselling Corner Laval. I am a Doctoral Candidate in Counselling and Psychotherapy with over 20 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families. I am a Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association member and passionate about helping others on their journey to better mental health and wellness. I use a multitude of approaches to best meet my client's needs and provide a safe and comfortable space to help navigate difficult challenges. I aim to empower and support my clients in creating positive and lasting change.
Hello and welcome to my practice at The Counselling Corner Laval. I am a Doctoral Candidate in Counselling and Psychotherapy with over 20 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families. I am a Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association member and passionate about helping others on their journey to better mental health and wellness. I use a multitude of approaches to best meet my client's needs and provide a safe and comfortable space to help navigate difficult challenges. I aim to empower and support my clients in creating positive and lasting change.
(450) 234-6440 View (450) 234-6440

See more therapy options for H1W

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in H1W

< 10

Counsellors in H1W who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Anxiety
100% Stress
88% Grief
88% Self Esteem
75% Depression
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% ComPsych
100% Humana
100% Green Shield Canada

How Counsellors in H1W see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in H1W?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.