Photo of Marjorie Mayers, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Marjorie Mayers
Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2V
I am a down-to-earth therapist whose main orientation is to help clients have more of the lives they want. No matter what the specific issues are - anxiety, depression, eating issues, relationships, family stress, work issues, mental health concerns, and so on - I endeavour to help my clients feel, think, and behave in ways that fit better for them and are ultimately more productive. In the safe space of counselling clients are able to explore themselves, their patterns, and life-obstacles in order to connect to their greater sense of purpose, wholeness, and groundedness.
I am a down-to-earth therapist whose main orientation is to help clients have more of the lives they want. No matter what the specific issues are - anxiety, depression, eating issues, relationships, family stress, work issues, mental health concerns, and so on - I endeavour to help my clients feel, think, and behave in ways that fit better for them and are ultimately more productive. In the safe space of counselling clients are able to explore themselves, their patterns, and life-obstacles in order to connect to their greater sense of purpose, wholeness, and groundedness.
(587) 805-0599 View (587) 805-0599
Photo of Jennifer Estrela, Registered Psychotherapist in Calgary, AB
Jennifer Estrela
Registered Psychotherapist, Hon, BA, MACP
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2N
I offer virtual therapy across Canada and in my practice, I utilizes methods such as Narrative Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Emotional Focus Therapy, Dialectical Behavioural Therapy, Internal Family Systems and Mindfullness to support and aid clients in their therapeutic journey.
I have worked with individuals, couples and families in a variety of settings. I am experienced in working with individuals of all ages who are battling with childhood traumas (sexual/physical abuse), and who struggle with a variety of mental health issues such as Tourettes, ADHD/ADD, Fetal Alcohol Effect, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Reactive Attachment Disorder, Anxiety Disorder and OCD. I have over a decade of experience working with families in crisis, parent/teen conflict, relationship/marriage difficulties, custody/access conflict, addictions, survivors of sexual/physical abuse, depression, and anger management issues.
I offer virtual therapy across Canada and in my practice, I utilizes methods such as Narrative Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Emotional Focus Therapy, Dialectical Behavioural Therapy, Internal Family Systems and Mindfullness to support and aid clients in their therapeutic journey.
I have worked with individuals, couples and families in a variety of settings. I am experienced in working with individuals of all ages who are battling with childhood traumas (sexual/physical abuse), and who struggle with a variety of mental health issues such as Tourettes, ADHD/ADD, Fetal Alcohol Effect, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Reactive Attachment Disorder, Anxiety Disorder and OCD. I have over a decade of experience working with families in crisis, parent/teen conflict, relationship/marriage difficulties, custody/access conflict, addictions, survivors of sexual/physical abuse, depression, and anger management issues.
(289) 206-8537 View (289) 206-8537
Photo of Lucy Amadala, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Lucy Amadala
Psychologist, BA, MSc, PhD
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2L  (Online Only)
I help adults 16+, couples and families to deal with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Grief, Transitions, Addiction and Family issues.
Are you currently in a situation where you need to re-route certain aspects of your life? Or maybe you have struggled with a mental health challenge such as anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma for some time and it feels as though the problem defines you and you are wondering how to reclaim your identity. Change can be difficult to manage without a skilled, compassionate guide. I enjoy helping people anticipate, plan for, and transition to their next life-stage in healthy ways. I am guided by the belief that people can and do want to change and my role as therapist is to help you figure out how to achieve the change you desire.
I help adults 16+, couples and families to deal with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Grief, Transitions, Addiction and Family issues.
Are you currently in a situation where you need to re-route certain aspects of your life? Or maybe you have struggled with a mental health challenge such as anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma for some time and it feels as though the problem defines you and you are wondering how to reclaim your identity. Change can be difficult to manage without a skilled, compassionate guide. I enjoy helping people anticipate, plan for, and transition to their next life-stage in healthy ways. I am guided by the belief that people can and do want to change and my role as therapist is to help you figure out how to achieve the change you desire.
(825) 255-5044 View (825) 255-5044
Photo of Sharon Ann Foster, Counsellor in Calgary, AB
Sharon Ann Foster
Counsellor, MACP
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T3C
I am a certified counsellor and I use my training in psychology, somatic therapy, mental health research, my personal experience, intuition, and healing wisdom from my family and community of mentors and Elders.
I am here to help you build your awareness to expand your choices for wellness. I am not a healer, I am a helper for you to find your own way to self-healing. With compassionate curiosity, we can work together on depression, anxiety, anger issues, eating disorders, relationship problems, grief and loss, cultural/identity issues, gender and sexuality issues, parent-child conflict, intimacy and attachment issues, intergenerational trauma, abuse, bullying, behavior problems, soul wounds and health issues.
I am a certified counsellor and I use my training in psychology, somatic therapy, mental health research, my personal experience, intuition, and healing wisdom from my family and community of mentors and Elders.
I am here to help you build your awareness to expand your choices for wellness. I am not a healer, I am a helper for you to find your own way to self-healing. With compassionate curiosity, we can work together on depression, anxiety, anger issues, eating disorders, relationship problems, grief and loss, cultural/identity issues, gender and sexuality issues, parent-child conflict, intimacy and attachment issues, intergenerational trauma, abuse, bullying, behavior problems, soul wounds and health issues.
(825) 250-3351 View (825) 250-3351
Photo of Cordazzo Psychology, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Cordazzo Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, CAP5147
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T3G
Cordazzo is seeing her clients at Synergea Family Health Centre located in NW Calgary.
Dr. Sheila T. D. Cordazzo, Ph.D. is the founder of Cordazzo Psychology and a registered Psychologist with more than 20 years of experience working with children, teenagers, families and adults regarding different issues to improve their mental and emotional wellbeing.
Cordazzo is seeing her clients at Synergea Family Health Centre located in NW Calgary.
Dr. Sheila T. D. Cordazzo, Ph.D. is the founder of Cordazzo Psychology and a registered Psychologist with more than 20 years of experience working with children, teenagers, families and adults regarding different issues to improve their mental and emotional wellbeing.
(403) 247-2947 View (403) 247-2947
Photo of Marie Martin, Counsellor in Calgary, AB
Marie Martin
Counsellor, BMsc, RPC, NLP
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T1Y
Counselling, Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Conversational Intelligence & other modalities. Therapy for trauma, abuse, addictive behaviours, PTSD. Excellence Communication Skills Counselling to be the best version and have the best version of your relationships, personal, business & family. Marie Martin is the author of modality and book Metatron's Code available on Amazon. (Additional certificates: Master NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming) Practitioner & Certified Communications Specialist Certified Hypnosis Practitioner & Quantum, BrainSpotting, Conversational Intelligence Neuroscience)
Counselling, Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Conversational Intelligence & other modalities. Therapy for trauma, abuse, addictive behaviours, PTSD. Excellence Communication Skills Counselling to be the best version and have the best version of your relationships, personal, business & family. Marie Martin is the author of modality and book Metatron's Code available on Amazon. (Additional certificates: Master NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming) Practitioner & Certified Communications Specialist Certified Hypnosis Practitioner & Quantum, BrainSpotting, Conversational Intelligence Neuroscience)
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Photo of Eva Stordy, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Eva Stordy
Psychologist, MEd, RPsych
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2H
With several different therapies and techniques in my toolbox, and a comfortable, secure office environment, my goal is to tailor my approach to your needs. My therapy style most often has a staged approach (a beginning, middle and an end). I rely on your feedback and measure our progress, to make sure there’s improvement and we're making the most of your time. I ensure clients leave my office feeling better and more resourced than when they first arrived. I work well with clients who are experiencing burnout, increased stress and anxiety responses, depressive symptoms, grief and loss, trauma, work challenges and life change.
With several different therapies and techniques in my toolbox, and a comfortable, secure office environment, my goal is to tailor my approach to your needs. My therapy style most often has a staged approach (a beginning, middle and an end). I rely on your feedback and measure our progress, to make sure there’s improvement and we're making the most of your time. I ensure clients leave my office feeling better and more resourced than when they first arrived. I work well with clients who are experiencing burnout, increased stress and anxiety responses, depressive symptoms, grief and loss, trauma, work challenges and life change.
(587) 713-8155 View (587) 713-8155
Photo of authentikROOT Health | Wellness , Counsellor in Calgary, AB
authentikROOT Health | Wellness
Counsellor, MA, MACP, CFNC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2T  (Online Only)
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor and licensed to work with the population who live in the province of British Columbia and Alberta, providing Virtual Online sessions. I am also Couples Therapist and use Gottman Method Therapy for couples experiencing communication breakdowns; helping in restoring and resolving conflict. In addition, I am a Certified Health Coach, for those experiencing concerns with disordered eating, diet, meal planning, body image, or other health concerns. I offer short and long term counselling. I am always learning, growing, and expanding, to better help others manage their own health and wellbeing.
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor and licensed to work with the population who live in the province of British Columbia and Alberta, providing Virtual Online sessions. I am also Couples Therapist and use Gottman Method Therapy for couples experiencing communication breakdowns; helping in restoring and resolving conflict. In addition, I am a Certified Health Coach, for those experiencing concerns with disordered eating, diet, meal planning, body image, or other health concerns. I offer short and long term counselling. I am always learning, growing, and expanding, to better help others manage their own health and wellbeing.
(587) 855-4216 View (587) 855-4216
Photo of Margaret J Taylor, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Margaret J Taylor
Psychologist, BEd, BA, MC, R Psych, EMDR
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2Y  (Online Only)
Margaret believes that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) efficiently takes the pain out of the memories and that "Laughter is the best medicine" particularly when paired with music and self-help strategies! I will assist you similarly to how you learned your multiplication tables, and safely and securely via Jane software video on your computer, laptop, tablet or smartphone or via telephone or texting. *Alberta residents only, please and thank you, as per my registered psychologist license. 1-403-680-9707 Cel.
Margaret believes that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) efficiently takes the pain out of the memories and that "Laughter is the best medicine" particularly when paired with music and self-help strategies! I will assist you similarly to how you learned your multiplication tables, and safely and securely via Jane software video on your computer, laptop, tablet or smartphone or via telephone or texting. *Alberta residents only, please and thank you, as per my registered psychologist license. 1-403-680-9707 Cel.
(587) 800-4220 View (587) 800-4220
Photo of Zeta Lee, Counsellor in Calgary, AB
Zeta Lee
Counsellor, MA, MDiv, CCC
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2M
Reaching out for help can be difficult but can result in finding New Hope! My name is Zeta Lee and I am a Canadian Certified Counsellor (C.C.C.). I am fully bilingual in English and Korean. I offer ongoing in-person and online counselling services to individuals/couples/families from all backgrounds and demographics from a comfortable office centrally located in Calgary, AB. I understand that seeking counselling services can be intimidating. My goal is to make this important step less difficult and I honour the strength it takes to seek support.
Reaching out for help can be difficult but can result in finding New Hope! My name is Zeta Lee and I am a Canadian Certified Counsellor (C.C.C.). I am fully bilingual in English and Korean. I offer ongoing in-person and online counselling services to individuals/couples/families from all backgrounds and demographics from a comfortable office centrally located in Calgary, AB. I understand that seeking counselling services can be intimidating. My goal is to make this important step less difficult and I honour the strength it takes to seek support.
(587) 741-2083 View (587) 741-2083
Photo of Jenny Harrison, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Jenny Harrison
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2N
Waitlist for new clients
For Jenny, the therapeutic relationship is the foundation for all work in counselling. She believes the client is the expert in their own lives and feels privileged to hear their stories. Working together, Jenny and her clients set goals for therapy and tasks to meet those goals. Whatever their goals, Jenny feels grateful to work with individuals or couples who want to gain insight into their ways of being and new tools or resources for living. She hopes through reflection and learning, any clients she works with ultimately feel more clarity, liberty from old patterns, and peace in their lives.
For Jenny, the therapeutic relationship is the foundation for all work in counselling. She believes the client is the expert in their own lives and feels privileged to hear their stories. Working together, Jenny and her clients set goals for therapy and tasks to meet those goals. Whatever their goals, Jenny feels grateful to work with individuals or couples who want to gain insight into their ways of being and new tools or resources for living. She hopes through reflection and learning, any clients she works with ultimately feel more clarity, liberty from old patterns, and peace in their lives.
(587) 355-1620 View (587) 355-1620
Photo of Tina Lynne Heinricks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Calgary, AB
Tina Lynne Heinricks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2E  (Online Only)
​We all experience different problems from time to time because, well, we are human! Life can seem unfair and there are moments when we might feel hopeless and defeated. Some problems might appear larger than they really are and something that seems like a small problem might affect you greatly. Regardless of what type of problem you have, we can all use help at different times in our lives. The best thing one can do is talk about it. It might take one conversation or several, but it could be the best decision you will ever make. I look forward to speaking with you!
​We all experience different problems from time to time because, well, we are human! Life can seem unfair and there are moments when we might feel hopeless and defeated. Some problems might appear larger than they really are and something that seems like a small problem might affect you greatly. Regardless of what type of problem you have, we can all use help at different times in our lives. The best thing one can do is talk about it. It might take one conversation or several, but it could be the best decision you will ever make. I look forward to speaking with you!
(587) 872-0969 View (587) 872-0969
Photo of Strength Counselling Services, Registered Psychotherapist in Calgary, AB
Strength Counselling Services
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RCC, CCC, RSW, RP
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2P  (Online Only)
We are an online counselling agency so do not provide services in person. Strength Counselling Services has licensed, experienced therapists who use evidence-based practices, prioritize client needs, and maintain ethical standards. We offer culturally sensitive, affordable services in a supportive environment. We offer a comprehensive goals assessment, regularly assess progress, and collaborate with other professionals. We provide transparency in our fees and for thirteen years now have held a positive reputation of trust, and client success. Lastly, ensuring our clients' privacy and confidentiality are of utmost importance to us.
We are an online counselling agency so do not provide services in person. Strength Counselling Services has licensed, experienced therapists who use evidence-based practices, prioritize client needs, and maintain ethical standards. We offer culturally sensitive, affordable services in a supportive environment. We offer a comprehensive goals assessment, regularly assess progress, and collaborate with other professionals. We provide transparency in our fees and for thirteen years now have held a positive reputation of trust, and client success. Lastly, ensuring our clients' privacy and confidentiality are of utmost importance to us.
(587) 847-2885 View (587) 847-2885
Photo of Taylor McInnes, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Taylor McInnes
Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2M
Waitlist for new clients
I work with clients who are experiencing depression, anxiety, interpersonal/relationship difficulties, adjustment issues, personality disorders, and struggles with meaning, self-actualization, and career. I focus on helping clients better understand how past experiences, avoided emotions, and interpersonal patterns may be contributing to and maintaining their distress and suffering. Through building awareness in the context of a non-judgmental and unconditionally accepting therapeutic relationship, clients are able to develop more flexible and adaptive ways of coping, learn new ways of relating to others in their lives, develop skills, and experience deeper connection, acceptance, and respect for themselves and their emotions.
I work with clients who are experiencing depression, anxiety, interpersonal/relationship difficulties, adjustment issues, personality disorders, and struggles with meaning, self-actualization, and career. I focus on helping clients better understand how past experiences, avoided emotions, and interpersonal patterns may be contributing to and maintaining their distress and suffering. Through building awareness in the context of a non-judgmental and unconditionally accepting therapeutic relationship, clients are able to develop more flexible and adaptive ways of coping, learn new ways of relating to others in their lives, develop skills, and experience deeper connection, acceptance, and respect for themselves and their emotions.
(587) 805-3408 View (587) 805-3408
Photo of Lucy Amadala, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Lucy Amadala
Psychologist, MSc, PhD, RPsych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2L
Are you currently in a situation where you need to re-route some aspects of your life? Changing habits without a skilled, compassionate guide can be tough. Or maybe you have struggled with a mental health illness such as Trauma, Addiction, Anxiety, Depression, etc. until you feel as though the problem is part of you. You want to change but are unsure how. I seek to support you as you name the problem, identify and own your strengths, plan for and implement the changes you desire for yourself. I am guided by the belief that people can and do want to change and my role as your therapist is to be your guide on the path to a better you.
Are you currently in a situation where you need to re-route some aspects of your life? Changing habits without a skilled, compassionate guide can be tough. Or maybe you have struggled with a mental health illness such as Trauma, Addiction, Anxiety, Depression, etc. until you feel as though the problem is part of you. You want to change but are unsure how. I seek to support you as you name the problem, identify and own your strengths, plan for and implement the changes you desire for yourself. I am guided by the belief that people can and do want to change and my role as your therapist is to be your guide on the path to a better you.
(587) 805-0707 View (587) 805-0707
Photo of Jodie Cossette, Registered Provisional Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Jodie Cossette
Registered Provisional Psychologist, MACP, BSc, Psych
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T3H
Accepting new clients, veterans and first responders welcome! I am a Provisional Registered Psychologist in Alberta P7592, with over 25 years of counselling experience, supporting adolescents, adults and families struggling with complex behavioural and mental health concerns. It has been an honour supporting, and witnessing transformative changes in both individuals, and collective systems; within the context of public health care, corporate settings, and private practice. I believe that symptoms often result from the accumulation of unresolved trauma and complex adverse life experiences. Healing is possible!
Accepting new clients, veterans and first responders welcome! I am a Provisional Registered Psychologist in Alberta P7592, with over 25 years of counselling experience, supporting adolescents, adults and families struggling with complex behavioural and mental health concerns. It has been an honour supporting, and witnessing transformative changes in both individuals, and collective systems; within the context of public health care, corporate settings, and private practice. I believe that symptoms often result from the accumulation of unresolved trauma and complex adverse life experiences. Healing is possible!
(825) 252-5686 View (825) 252-5686
Photo of Labiba Majeed, Psychologist in Calgary, AB
Labiba Majeed
Psychologist, MACP, RPsych
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T3G
I started my practice to create a space that is healing, safe, and accepting to help you become more resilient, empowered, and content. Life is often difficult, confusing, and disappointing, but you are much more than your bad days, bad months or bad years. I believe that healing comes from recognizing your true self, living authentically, and balancing acceptance and change. With consistency and commitment, it is possible to break out of patterns that no longer serve a purpose. I offer a judgment-free space where I aim to support you in living the life you want, with peace and conviction. Your goals for yourself are within reach.
I started my practice to create a space that is healing, safe, and accepting to help you become more resilient, empowered, and content. Life is often difficult, confusing, and disappointing, but you are much more than your bad days, bad months or bad years. I believe that healing comes from recognizing your true self, living authentically, and balancing acceptance and change. With consistency and commitment, it is possible to break out of patterns that no longer serve a purpose. I offer a judgment-free space where I aim to support you in living the life you want, with peace and conviction. Your goals for yourself are within reach.
(587) 907-5246 View (587) 907-5246
Photo of Mary Kwan, Counsellor in Calgary, AB
Mary Kwan
Counsellor, RCC, CVAP, ACSprov, ICBC, CPC
Verified Verified
Calgary, AB T2P
Having practiced as a Clinical Psychologist overseas for 20 years, I am very familiar with all kinds of conditions. If you are having relationship with your spouse or others, I can help. You might be stressed out trying to parent your children, whatever age they maybe and esp for offsprings who have ADHD, Autism or learning problems, I love to help. Or you maybe depressed, anxious, wanting to work out your inner issues so that you can be a happy person, I am here to give you a hand. Or you might have a lot of pain/stress in your life, with various kinds of addictions not knowing where to do, I am here to help you find your way out.
Having practiced as a Clinical Psychologist overseas for 20 years, I am very familiar with all kinds of conditions. If you are having relationship with your spouse or others, I can help. You might be stressed out trying to parent your children, whatever age they maybe and esp for offsprings who have ADHD, Autism or learning problems, I love to help. Or you maybe depressed, anxious, wanting to work out your inner issues so that you can be a happy person, I am here to give you a hand. Or you might have a lot of pain/stress in your life, with various kinds of addictions not knowing where to do, I am here to help you find your way out.
(604) 330-4682 View (604) 330-4682
Photo of Stephen Lee Roberts, Counsellor in Calgary, AB
Stephen Lee Roberts
Counsellor, MPCC-S
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2P
Have you experienced trauma that is negatively impacting your daily life? Are you experiencing performance anxiety, blocks, slumps, Focal Dystonia and/or want to expand performance/creativity? Do you have behaviors associated with craving, temporary relief, and long-term negative consequences that you are unable to stop? Brainspotting locates, targets, processes, and releases trauma in the brain and body, expanding performance and creativity, from the source.
Have you experienced trauma that is negatively impacting your daily life? Are you experiencing performance anxiety, blocks, slumps, Focal Dystonia and/or want to expand performance/creativity? Do you have behaviors associated with craving, temporary relief, and long-term negative consequences that you are unable to stop? Brainspotting locates, targets, processes, and releases trauma in the brain and body, expanding performance and creativity, from the source.
(587) 324-2166 View (587) 324-2166
Photo of Forrest Maridas, Counsellor in Calgary, AB
Forrest Maridas
Counsellor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Calgary, AB T2C
You deserve to walk in this world- Authentic, Courageous, Joyful! I can walk alongside you on your journey to bridge between your current Self and your Goal Self. Let's creatively transform your current Relationship towards your Goal Relationship, as you define it. Together we can resolve conflicts, improve communication, reduce distress, and increase your self-esteem. Counselling helps to encourage positive thinking and behaviors towards clarity and wellbeing. "The most common way people give up their power is by thinking they don't have any." Alice Walker
You deserve to walk in this world- Authentic, Courageous, Joyful! I can walk alongside you on your journey to bridge between your current Self and your Goal Self. Let's creatively transform your current Relationship towards your Goal Relationship, as you define it. Together we can resolve conflicts, improve communication, reduce distress, and increase your self-esteem. Counselling helps to encourage positive thinking and behaviors towards clarity and wellbeing. "The most common way people give up their power is by thinking they don't have any." Alice Walker
(587) 801-2127 View (587) 801-2127

See more therapy options for Calgary

Family Therapy Counsellors

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.