Therapists in Toronto, ON

View neighborhoods in Toronto
Photo of Rebecca Juanita Webster, Pre-Licensed Professional in Toronto, ON
Rebecca Juanita Webster
Pre-Licensed Professional, BFA , Dip, AMTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5H
Let me pour you a cup of tea and let's talk. Wouldn't you love a healthy relationship with a loving partner who understands and appreciates you? A relationship where conflict is as easy as a calm conversation over a nice meal? A partnership with shared values and goals that you actively work on together but that feels more like fun? Everyone deserves this, and my job is to help you achieve it. Whether single or in a relationship, the process involves working on yourself first.
Let me pour you a cup of tea and let's talk. Wouldn't you love a healthy relationship with a loving partner who understands and appreciates you? A relationship where conflict is as easy as a calm conversation over a nice meal? A partnership with shared values and goals that you actively work on together but that feels more like fun? Everyone deserves this, and my job is to help you achieve it. Whether single or in a relationship, the process involves working on yourself first.
(437) 747-6895 View (437) 747-6895
Photo of Allison Reeves, Psychologist in Toronto, ON
Allison Reeves
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M6K
My name is Dr. Allison Reeves and I am a registered Clinical and Forensic Psychologist in Ontario and an Assistant Professor in Psychology at the University of Guelph & Guelph-Humber. "Parkdale Psychology" is my clinical practice, which is located at Queen and Dufferin in South Parkdale, Toronto. I offer therapy services for those who are committed to personal growth and who are looking for support in overcoming life's challenges. I also provide couples therapy as well as assessment and diagnosis. My psychotherapy services are trauma informed and LGBTQ+ affirming.
My name is Dr. Allison Reeves and I am a registered Clinical and Forensic Psychologist in Ontario and an Assistant Professor in Psychology at the University of Guelph & Guelph-Humber. "Parkdale Psychology" is my clinical practice, which is located at Queen and Dufferin in South Parkdale, Toronto. I offer therapy services for those who are committed to personal growth and who are looking for support in overcoming life's challenges. I also provide couples therapy as well as assessment and diagnosis. My psychotherapy services are trauma informed and LGBTQ+ affirming.
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Photo of Normand Daemon, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Normand Daemon
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5V
Greetings! I'm Normand, a proud Queer person, a Registered Social Worker, and an avid board game enthusiast. Welcome to my practice, where I emphasize the values of self-determination, diversity, and building strong therapeutic relationships. With a deep understanding of neuroscience and trauma, I support individuals navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, identity, and life transitions. My practice embraces diverse ages, cultures, and identities, including Indigenous Peoples and the Queer community.
Greetings! I'm Normand, a proud Queer person, a Registered Social Worker, and an avid board game enthusiast. Welcome to my practice, where I emphasize the values of self-determination, diversity, and building strong therapeutic relationships. With a deep understanding of neuroscience and trauma, I support individuals navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, identity, and life transitions. My practice embraces diverse ages, cultures, and identities, including Indigenous Peoples and the Queer community.
(365) 650-7589 View (365) 650-7589
Photo of Jordana Bergman, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Jordana Bergman
Registered Psychotherapist, JD, MA, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5M  (Online Only)
Are you a lawyer or another high achieving career professional with overwhelming stress, demanding expectations, difficult relationships, and inner pressure to BE more, ACHIEVE more, and DO more? Perhaps you feel burnt out, emotionally exhausted, are constantly worrying, or never feel like you are enough. Maybe your relationships are troubled, or you hate your job. One thing is certain - you don’t want to feel this way any more. You're ready to break patterns of anxious thinking, take control of your stressors, and learn how to self-support. Its time to build healthy relationships, most importantly with yourself, and start thriving.
Are you a lawyer or another high achieving career professional with overwhelming stress, demanding expectations, difficult relationships, and inner pressure to BE more, ACHIEVE more, and DO more? Perhaps you feel burnt out, emotionally exhausted, are constantly worrying, or never feel like you are enough. Maybe your relationships are troubled, or you hate your job. One thing is certain - you don’t want to feel this way any more. You're ready to break patterns of anxious thinking, take control of your stressors, and learn how to self-support. Its time to build healthy relationships, most importantly with yourself, and start thriving.
(647) 955-1372 View (647) 955-1372
Photo of Brenda Isen, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Brenda Isen
Registered Social Worker, MSW , RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4N
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in negative patterns, unfufilled in relationships and not addressing the goals that you have for yourself? Are you overthinking, lacking clarity, concerned about the future, experiencing health or other anxieties? I have supported individuals, couples and families in gaining insight, knowledge and new skills to change these ineffective patterns of living. I can guide you in exploring your relationships and develop coping mechanisms to manage stressful situations and communicate more effectively. I have 35+ years of experience and love helping individuals lead their best lives.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in negative patterns, unfufilled in relationships and not addressing the goals that you have for yourself? Are you overthinking, lacking clarity, concerned about the future, experiencing health or other anxieties? I have supported individuals, couples and families in gaining insight, knowledge and new skills to change these ineffective patterns of living. I can guide you in exploring your relationships and develop coping mechanisms to manage stressful situations and communicate more effectively. I have 35+ years of experience and love helping individuals lead their best lives.
(647) 360-9047 View (647) 360-9047
Photo of Kaitlin Winslow, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Kaitlin Winslow
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, CCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M6G
Not accepting new clients
Hi there. I'm so happy you are reaching out for support. As humans, we are all shaped and transformed by the relationships and experiences we've had. When we feel overwhelmed, numb, off balance or tangled up, a kind and patient relationship in therapy can help us find steady footing and clarity again, giving us the resilience to feel trust within, adapt and thrive. Whether you are a youth or adult looking to strengthen relationships, build confidence, explore ways to communicate or unravel anxiety, grief, depression, or trauma, I am here as your guide.
Hi there. I'm so happy you are reaching out for support. As humans, we are all shaped and transformed by the relationships and experiences we've had. When we feel overwhelmed, numb, off balance or tangled up, a kind and patient relationship in therapy can help us find steady footing and clarity again, giving us the resilience to feel trust within, adapt and thrive. Whether you are a youth or adult looking to strengthen relationships, build confidence, explore ways to communicate or unravel anxiety, grief, depression, or trauma, I am here as your guide.
(647) 792-7271 View (647) 792-7271
Photo of Anna Wesolinska, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Anna Wesolinska
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MEd, OACCPP
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4K
I work from a model of health, balance and empathy by bringing into awareness the places where we get stuck and our unique ways of getting there. You know best when your patterns of coping are no longer working. A therapist's job is to support you in creating positive shifts in your life. This support may sometimes feel frustrating, especially when our familiar patterns of functioning are being challenged. I incorporate art, humour and paradox in sessions allowing for a creative, spontaneous exploration of your needs, contradictions and feelings and by providing a safe space where new possibilities and hope are possible.
I work from a model of health, balance and empathy by bringing into awareness the places where we get stuck and our unique ways of getting there. You know best when your patterns of coping are no longer working. A therapist's job is to support you in creating positive shifts in your life. This support may sometimes feel frustrating, especially when our familiar patterns of functioning are being challenged. I incorporate art, humour and paradox in sessions allowing for a creative, spontaneous exploration of your needs, contradictions and feelings and by providing a safe space where new possibilities and hope are possible.
(855) 729-6060 View (855) 729-6060
Photo of Skye Fitzpatrick, Psychologist in Toronto, ON
Skye Fitzpatrick
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4C  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As a clinical psychologist and university professor who develops and tests therapies for trauma, borderline personality disorder/emotion dysregulation, and couples, I focus on getting people good therapy that actually works. Often, past traumas keep people stuck, intense or painful emotions like shame or anxiety make people’s lives feel closed in, and couples want to connect but find that something is persistently wedging them apart. I use science-supported methods to help people find freedom from these forms of suffering and live a life they choose for themselves instead of one that painful emotions or past traumas boxed them into.
As a clinical psychologist and university professor who develops and tests therapies for trauma, borderline personality disorder/emotion dysregulation, and couples, I focus on getting people good therapy that actually works. Often, past traumas keep people stuck, intense or painful emotions like shame or anxiety make people’s lives feel closed in, and couples want to connect but find that something is persistently wedging them apart. I use science-supported methods to help people find freedom from these forms of suffering and live a life they choose for themselves instead of one that painful emotions or past traumas boxed them into.
(647) 557-2953 View (647) 557-2953
Photo of Naomi Ball, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Naomi Ball
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M6R  (Online Only)
If you are struggling and in need of support, I would honoured to help you. I value the relationship with each of my clients above all else, and our work together begins with establishing trust, connection, and safety. In that atmosphere, my hope is not only to support you, but also to explore your strengths. Ultimately, we will work together to help you cope with whatever challenges you are facing.
If you are struggling and in need of support, I would honoured to help you. I value the relationship with each of my clients above all else, and our work together begins with establishing trust, connection, and safety. In that atmosphere, my hope is not only to support you, but also to explore your strengths. Ultimately, we will work together to help you cope with whatever challenges you are facing.
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Photo of Rebel Art Therapy, Art Therapist in Toronto, ON
Rebel Art Therapy
Art Therapist, BA, BEd, OCT, DTATI
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4C
Rebel Art Therapy works to address underlying causes of anxiety to help a client develop tools for coping using creative interventions.
Rebel Art Therapy works to address underlying causes of anxiety to help a client develop tools for coping using creative interventions.
(437) 500-6452 View (437) 500-6452
Photo of Noun Therapy, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Noun Therapy
Registered Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5C  (Online Only)
Noun Therapy is a person's place to heal things. We are a practice with an authentic approach and a deep desire to heal relationships whether that’s with yourself or another person. Our genuine love for human connection drives us to support you by exploring the patterns and challenges that are keeping you disconnected and defeated to make lasting change. We believe connection is the most important aspect of the therapeutic process – whether it is connection to yourself or healing a connection to an important other and, of course, in session connecting with your therapist.
Noun Therapy is a person's place to heal things. We are a practice with an authentic approach and a deep desire to heal relationships whether that’s with yourself or another person. Our genuine love for human connection drives us to support you by exploring the patterns and challenges that are keeping you disconnected and defeated to make lasting change. We believe connection is the most important aspect of the therapeutic process – whether it is connection to yourself or healing a connection to an important other and, of course, in session connecting with your therapist.
(365) 536-2219 View (365) 536-2219
Photo of Jennifer Longpre, Pre-Licensed Professional in Toronto, ON
Jennifer Longpre
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA, BEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5A  (Online Only)
Taking the courageous step to engage in therapy is a powerful decision toward personal growth and healing. I understand the significance of this journey. Through online sessions, in the spirit of relational Gestalt therapy, I prioritize experiential and somatic approaches that may assist us in delving deeper into your inner world. We will work at your own unique pace to engage with emotions, sensations and experiences in a safe and supportive environment. Together we will collaborate to uncover patterns, both beneficial and hindering, with an aim to cultivate greater vitality and resilience.
Taking the courageous step to engage in therapy is a powerful decision toward personal growth and healing. I understand the significance of this journey. Through online sessions, in the spirit of relational Gestalt therapy, I prioritize experiential and somatic approaches that may assist us in delving deeper into your inner world. We will work at your own unique pace to engage with emotions, sensations and experiences in a safe and supportive environment. Together we will collaborate to uncover patterns, both beneficial and hindering, with an aim to cultivate greater vitality and resilience.
(437) 747-8835 View (437) 747-8835
Photo of Elizabeth Bala, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Elizabeth Bala
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5V  (Online Only)
I balance a genuine optimism for your well-being with a realistic understanding that life is inevitably hard sometimes. Therapy with me is a space to start to explore what wellness, healing, coping and safety looks like for you. Everyone is unique, including you, and so I integrate a number of therapeutic modalities, so that our work meets you where you're at and celebrates you as you are. I maintain a critical hope in my work alongside critical thinking skills; I understand that your individual mental health is impacted by the larger social structures we live in.
I balance a genuine optimism for your well-being with a realistic understanding that life is inevitably hard sometimes. Therapy with me is a space to start to explore what wellness, healing, coping and safety looks like for you. Everyone is unique, including you, and so I integrate a number of therapeutic modalities, so that our work meets you where you're at and celebrates you as you are. I maintain a critical hope in my work alongside critical thinking skills; I understand that your individual mental health is impacted by the larger social structures we live in.
(437) 747-0977 View (437) 747-0977
Photo of Madison Van Raalte, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Madison Van Raalte
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4P  (Online Only)
I recognize at times we may need support, compassion and new tools to navigate challenges. This is the space I work to offer and welcome to clients, creating a relationship where we can work as a team to reach goals, small and big. I am passionate about supporting families, and empowering children, young adults and caregivers from a strengths-based framework. I provide therapy and counselling from a holistic, client-centred approach and tailor treatment to meet every family’s unique needs. Through support, insight, skill building and practice, significant change can occur.
I recognize at times we may need support, compassion and new tools to navigate challenges. This is the space I work to offer and welcome to clients, creating a relationship where we can work as a team to reach goals, small and big. I am passionate about supporting families, and empowering children, young adults and caregivers from a strengths-based framework. I provide therapy and counselling from a holistic, client-centred approach and tailor treatment to meet every family’s unique needs. Through support, insight, skill building and practice, significant change can occur.
(437) 747-8360 View (437) 747-8360
Photo of Sandeep Kaur Marwaha, Occupational Therapist in Toronto, ON
Sandeep Kaur Marwaha
Occupational Therapist, MSc OT, OT Reg, (Ont)
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4L
Waitlist for new clients
If life transitions, multiple stressors, traumatic events, perinatal challenges, burnout, or low self-esteem leave you feeling disconnected, worthless, anxious, or frustrated, I am here to help you make sense of your pain and create a life worth living. With compassion, warmth, and a dash of humor, I will work with you to deepen your self-awareness and identify what's not working in your life. I will support you develop practical coping skills and new emotional, thought, and behavioural patterns so you can live by your values, achieve your goals, and meet your needs.
If life transitions, multiple stressors, traumatic events, perinatal challenges, burnout, or low self-esteem leave you feeling disconnected, worthless, anxious, or frustrated, I am here to help you make sense of your pain and create a life worth living. With compassion, warmth, and a dash of humor, I will work with you to deepen your self-awareness and identify what's not working in your life. I will support you develop practical coping skills and new emotional, thought, and behavioural patterns so you can live by your values, achieve your goals, and meet your needs.
(647) 277-9740 View (647) 277-9740
Photo of Jeremy Jacob, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Jeremy Jacob
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, CCC, RP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
I use a client centered approach in order to meet the specific and unique needs of the individuals I am working with. This forms the foundation of my clinical work and is enhanced by the use of cognitive, psycho-dynamic and strength based therapies. I am goal directed and believe that people have the ability to solve their own problems. Therapy is simply a means to realize the potential for change that exists in all of us.
I use a client centered approach in order to meet the specific and unique needs of the individuals I am working with. This forms the foundation of my clinical work and is enhanced by the use of cognitive, psycho-dynamic and strength based therapies. I am goal directed and believe that people have the ability to solve their own problems. Therapy is simply a means to realize the potential for change that exists in all of us.
(844) 402-2345 View (844) 402-2345
Photo of Nicole Champagne, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Nicole Champagne
Registered Social Worker, BA, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4E
Seeking out therapy is a powerful step towards creating capacity in your life for deeper happiness and contentment. I support my clients in their work to gain self-knowledge, change ineffective emotional and behavioral patterns, explore relationships, and enrich their personal wellness. I bring with me extensive experience working with individuals with depression, anxiety, relationship conflict, past trauma, and struggles with self esteem. I integrate therapeutic methods such as CBT, Emotion Focused, and Narrative Therapy but assess the individual where they are to determine best approach.
Seeking out therapy is a powerful step towards creating capacity in your life for deeper happiness and contentment. I support my clients in their work to gain self-knowledge, change ineffective emotional and behavioral patterns, explore relationships, and enrich their personal wellness. I bring with me extensive experience working with individuals with depression, anxiety, relationship conflict, past trauma, and struggles with self esteem. I integrate therapeutic methods such as CBT, Emotion Focused, and Narrative Therapy but assess the individual where they are to determine best approach.
(647) 490-2082 View (647) 490-2082
Photo of LeeAnna Deringer, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
LeeAnna Deringer
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MA
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5C  (Online Only)
I work in a non-pathologizing, strengths-based way, and your dignity is important to me. I am an experienced psychotherapist with a focus on transitions, relationships, trauma and mindfulness. I offer a customized treatment experience that takes into account your preferences and past experiences and how these fit with evidence-based approaches.
I work in a non-pathologizing, strengths-based way, and your dignity is important to me. I am an experienced psychotherapist with a focus on transitions, relationships, trauma and mindfulness. I offer a customized treatment experience that takes into account your preferences and past experiences and how these fit with evidence-based approaches.
(647) 930-7792 View (647) 930-7792
Photo of Justin P Dubé, Psychologist in Toronto, ON
Justin P Dubé
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5A
I appreciate that change is hard. Therapy–– facing fears, trying new behaviours and learning alternate coping skills––can often feel uncomfortable. I also believe that our values and aspirations can help us move forward when the going gets tough. So, to make the hard work of therapy worthwhile, I will collaborate with you to uncover what makes your unique life meaningful. We will examine barriers to your meaningful life and develop a plan to overcome them.
I appreciate that change is hard. Therapy–– facing fears, trying new behaviours and learning alternate coping skills––can often feel uncomfortable. I also believe that our values and aspirations can help us move forward when the going gets tough. So, to make the hard work of therapy worthwhile, I will collaborate with you to uncover what makes your unique life meaningful. We will examine barriers to your meaningful life and develop a plan to overcome them.
(647) 370-8029 View (647) 370-8029
Photo of Dina Shamlawi, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Toronto, ON
Dina Shamlawi
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, MEd
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5V  (Online Only)
Having spent numerous years abroad, I have garnered a profound appreciation for diverse worldviews, a perspective that significantly informs my practice. As a Palestinian-Canadian, I am deeply passionate about guiding individuals through the delicate dance of straddling two cultures. I believe that embracing this duality can lead to profound personal growth and empowerment.
Having spent numerous years abroad, I have garnered a profound appreciation for diverse worldviews, a perspective that significantly informs my practice. As a Palestinian-Canadian, I am deeply passionate about guiding individuals through the delicate dance of straddling two cultures. I believe that embracing this duality can lead to profound personal growth and empowerment.
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See more therapy options for Toronto

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Toronto, ON

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in Toronto, ON who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
84% Self Esteem
80% Stress
72% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

62% Green Shield Canada
61% SunLife
57% Canada Life | Great-West Life

How Counsellors in Toronto, ON see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
16% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Toronto?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.