Therapists in Salmon ARM, BC

Photo of Elizabeth Beattie, RTC-C
Elizabeth Beattie
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Healing, to me, is not a destination—it’s a rhythm. A slow unfolding. A return. I support youth (14+), adults, and couples through many moments of life's unfolding, such as transitions, grief, disconnection, and growth. My approach is gentle, trauma-informed, and rooted in the wisdom of the body. I believe healing happens not just in words, but in movement, in stillness, in nature, and in the quiet spaces between. Together, we create a space that honours your pace, your story, and your inner knowing.
Healing, to me, is not a destination—it’s a rhythm. A slow unfolding. A return. I support youth (14+), adults, and couples through many moments of life's unfolding, such as transitions, grief, disconnection, and growth. My approach is gentle, trauma-informed, and rooted in the wisdom of the body. I believe healing happens not just in words, but in movement, in stillness, in nature, and in the quiet spaces between. Together, we create a space that honours your pace, your story, and your inner knowing.
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Photo of Parris Winsor, Counsellor, PC, MPCC, LC
Parris Winsor
Counsellor, PC, MPCC, LC
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
I am skilled in trauma, grief, relationship and addiction counselling, and teach many other necessary life skills, I help to create a routine that is balanced and transferable into anyone's life. I focus on building self worth and esteem, creating skills for healthy, happy relationships. Empower individuals to live a life free of addictions and behaviours that cause consequences and negative feelings. I encourage people to identify the inner dialogue that persists with negativity, put downs and beliefs that aren't serving them well and replace those with love and kindness.
I am skilled in trauma, grief, relationship and addiction counselling, and teach many other necessary life skills, I help to create a routine that is balanced and transferable into anyone's life. I focus on building self worth and esteem, creating skills for healthy, happy relationships. Empower individuals to live a life free of addictions and behaviours that cause consequences and negative feelings. I encourage people to identify the inner dialogue that persists with negativity, put downs and beliefs that aren't serving them well and replace those with love and kindness.
(855) 872-5996 View (855) 872-5996
Photo of Merel Voth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, RSW, BSW, MSW
Merel Voth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, RSW, BSW, MSW
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Relationships—and life—can feel overwhelming when patterns repeat, communication breaks down, or you feel stuck despite your best efforts. I am a Gottman Method–certified online counsellor offering couples therapy and life coaching for individuals and couples seeking practical tools, deeper insight, and lasting change. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and evidence-based. I help couples move out of conflict cycles and strengthen communication, trust, and emotional connection. For individuals, I support growth, clarity, and alignment with personal values. Secure online sessions available.
Relationships—and life—can feel overwhelming when patterns repeat, communication breaks down, or you feel stuck despite your best efforts. I am a Gottman Method–certified online counsellor offering couples therapy and life coaching for individuals and couples seeking practical tools, deeper insight, and lasting change. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and evidence-based. I help couples move out of conflict cycles and strengthen communication, trust, and emotional connection. For individuals, I support growth, clarity, and alignment with personal values. Secure online sessions available.
(365) 825-0475 View (365) 825-0475
Photo of Seshka Hartz, Counsellor, RCC, MCP
Seshka Hartz
Counsellor, RCC, MCP
Online Only
I am truly grateful for the opportunity to support clients in their journey toward holistic well-being, self-acceptance, understanding, and empowerment. Many of my clients are navigating difficult life transitions, relationship concerns, and emotional distress. I am here to offer support in finding the clarity and connection often required to move forward. I have extensive experience with anxiety, depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, substance abuse, and abusive relationships. I specialize in working with survivors of cult/high-control group abuse and am an advocate of cult literacy.
I am truly grateful for the opportunity to support clients in their journey toward holistic well-being, self-acceptance, understanding, and empowerment. Many of my clients are navigating difficult life transitions, relationship concerns, and emotional distress. I am here to offer support in finding the clarity and connection often required to move forward. I have extensive experience with anxiety, depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, substance abuse, and abusive relationships. I specialize in working with survivors of cult/high-control group abuse and am an advocate of cult literacy.
(867) 731-7849 View (867) 731-7849
Photo of Chelsea Dawn Braby - Chelsea Braby, Lakestone Counselling & EMDR , Counsellor, BSW, M Coun, CCC
Chelsea Braby, Lakestone Counselling & EMDR
Counsellor, BSW, M Coun, CCC
3 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Being human is messy and sometimes life can be difficult to navigate alone. When things unravel and you are feeling overwhelmed, defeated, or stuck, you deserve to be fully heard and accepted. Through creating a foundation of trust and utilizing evidence-based approaches, I can help you to move in new directions, overcome the impact of difficult life experiences, and shape lasting positive changes. Rather than providing short-term superficial solutions to your concerns, I am committed to supporting you to get to the heart of the matter and resolving the root causes of your distress.
Being human is messy and sometimes life can be difficult to navigate alone. When things unravel and you are feeling overwhelmed, defeated, or stuck, you deserve to be fully heard and accepted. Through creating a foundation of trust and utilizing evidence-based approaches, I can help you to move in new directions, overcome the impact of difficult life experiences, and shape lasting positive changes. Rather than providing short-term superficial solutions to your concerns, I am committed to supporting you to get to the heart of the matter and resolving the root causes of your distress.
(431) 441-4869 View (431) 441-4869
Photo of Gayle Weed, Counsellor, MA, CCC
Gayle Weed
Counsellor, MA, CCC
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
I believe everyone has the ability to grow and change, and I am committed to walking alongside my clients as they embark upon their own path towards healing and self-discovery. I come to each session with authenticity and compassion, and offer a safe and supportive environment where clients can explore and confront challenging thoughts, behaviours, and emotions.
I believe everyone has the ability to grow and change, and I am committed to walking alongside my clients as they embark upon their own path towards healing and self-discovery. I come to each session with authenticity and compassion, and offer a safe and supportive environment where clients can explore and confront challenging thoughts, behaviours, and emotions.
(647) 905-5271 View (647) 905-5271
Photo of Darren Curtis Gulka, Psychiatric Nurse, RPN, BHSc, NNPBC, CNMBC
Darren Curtis Gulka
Psychiatric Nurse, RPN, BHSc, NNPBC, CNMBC
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Not accepting new clients
With over 30 years of dedicated service in the mental health and substance use field, I have cultivated a deep and diverse professional background that reflects both my passion for helping others and my commitment to continuous growth. My journey began with a strong desire to support individuals facing some of the most difficult moments of their lives, and over the years, that purpose has only deepened. My experience spans a broad spectrum of settings, including psychiatric emergency services, comprehensive assessments, crisis intervention and case management.
With over 30 years of dedicated service in the mental health and substance use field, I have cultivated a deep and diverse professional background that reflects both my passion for helping others and my commitment to continuous growth. My journey began with a strong desire to support individuals facing some of the most difficult moments of their lives, and over the years, that purpose has only deepened. My experience spans a broad spectrum of settings, including psychiatric emergency services, comprehensive assessments, crisis intervention and case management.
(844) 619-6855 View (844) 619-6855
Photo of Shannon Ritchie, Counsellor, MC, RCC, RCC-ACS
Shannon Ritchie
Counsellor, MC, RCC, RCC-ACS
9 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Couple and Family Counselling is the focus of my practice. Relationship dynamics can be complex, especially when there’s conflict, separation, or distance. I work collaboratively and without judgment to understand what’s working and what’s not within the family system. I also specialize in trauma, first responders (BCEHS and RCMP), and individuals who have experienced, witnessed, or used violence. I’ve been working with families for over 17 years and have more than 10 years of post-graduate experience.
Couple and Family Counselling is the focus of my practice. Relationship dynamics can be complex, especially when there’s conflict, separation, or distance. I work collaboratively and without judgment to understand what’s working and what’s not within the family system. I also specialize in trauma, first responders (BCEHS and RCMP), and individuals who have experienced, witnessed, or used violence. I’ve been working with families for over 17 years and have more than 10 years of post-graduate experience.
(888) 919-3724 View (888) 919-3724
Photo of Caroline Miege - Caroline Miege Counselling, Counsellor, MEd, BSW, CCC, RSW
Caroline Miege Counselling
Counsellor, MEd, BSW, CCC, RSW
2 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
I bring my over 30 years of experience with counselling to you, offering culturally safe, trauma informed and evidence based treatments. We will build on your skills and strengths, working together and drawing from community to obtain the results you want from counselling. I am influenced by a number of therapeutic modalities, but my approach is based on being person-centered, meaning that I strive to understand the client’s point of view, and create a relationship that is caring, genuine and non-judgmental.Other modalities that I draw from are: EMDR, compassion-focused and acceptance and commitment therapy, CBT informed.
I bring my over 30 years of experience with counselling to you, offering culturally safe, trauma informed and evidence based treatments. We will build on your skills and strengths, working together and drawing from community to obtain the results you want from counselling. I am influenced by a number of therapeutic modalities, but my approach is based on being person-centered, meaning that I strive to understand the client’s point of view, and create a relationship that is caring, genuine and non-judgmental.Other modalities that I draw from are: EMDR, compassion-focused and acceptance and commitment therapy, CBT informed.
(431) 532-5603 View (431) 532-5603
Photo of Amy Green, Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
Amy Green
Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
2 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Hello! I am a Registered Psychologist and have a PhD in Counselling Psychology from the University of Calgary. As a therapist, I am passionate about providing a safe, non-judgmental, and empathic space where you can feel supported and heard. My approach is very collaborative; I believe that therapy thrives through a strong therapeutic relationship. Working together, we will draw upon your strengths and values to set goals that are meaningful to you. I hope to help you cultivate more self-compassion, acceptance, and connection in your life. I practice with respect and inclusiveness towards people from all backgrounds and cultures.
Hello! I am a Registered Psychologist and have a PhD in Counselling Psychology from the University of Calgary. As a therapist, I am passionate about providing a safe, non-judgmental, and empathic space where you can feel supported and heard. My approach is very collaborative; I believe that therapy thrives through a strong therapeutic relationship. Working together, we will draw upon your strengths and values to set goals that are meaningful to you. I hope to help you cultivate more self-compassion, acceptance, and connection in your life. I practice with respect and inclusiveness towards people from all backgrounds and cultures.
(343) 307-4976 View (343) 307-4976
Photo of Lisa Marie Young, Counsellor, MA, RCC, RYT-200
Lisa Marie Young
Counsellor, MA, RCC, RYT-200
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Are you seeking a compassionate and effective approach to navigate life's challenges? I am dedicated to providing a supportive and confidential space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. My goal is to empower you with the tools and insights needed to foster personal growth, improve relationships, and enhance your overall well-being. I believe in a collaborative approach, tailoring our sessions to your unique needs and goals. If you are ready to embark on a journey towards a more fulfilling life, I invite you to learn more about how I can support you.
Are you seeking a compassionate and effective approach to navigate life's challenges? I am dedicated to providing a supportive and confidential space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. My goal is to empower you with the tools and insights needed to foster personal growth, improve relationships, and enhance your overall well-being. I believe in a collaborative approach, tailoring our sessions to your unique needs and goals. If you are ready to embark on a journey towards a more fulfilling life, I invite you to learn more about how I can support you.
(581) 805-3252 View (581) 805-3252
Photo of Dr. Saira Sabzaali, Counsellor, PhD
Dr. Saira Sabzaali
Counsellor, PhD
4 Endorsed
Online Only
If you have tried counselling before and have been disappointed, you are in the right place. I am a culturally-informed Transpersonal Therapist who gets the big picture. I believe that real healing happens in community, and offer group programs and workshops to support you in returning to your own inner clarity without spending months or years in the trauma-trenches of traditional therapy. I offer 1:1 counselling for helpers and healers who are ready for a deeper dive through Advanced Consciousness Therapy, an emerging modality that brings energy medicine and consciousness work into psychology and mental health.
If you have tried counselling before and have been disappointed, you are in the right place. I am a culturally-informed Transpersonal Therapist who gets the big picture. I believe that real healing happens in community, and offer group programs and workshops to support you in returning to your own inner clarity without spending months or years in the trauma-trenches of traditional therapy. I offer 1:1 counselling for helpers and healers who are ready for a deeper dive through Advanced Consciousness Therapy, an emerging modality that brings energy medicine and consciousness work into psychology and mental health.
(604) 337-1131 x801 View (604) 337-1131 x801
Photo of Vlad Polyakh, Counsellor, MA, RCC
Vlad Polyakh
Counsellor, MA, RCC
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor, practicing in Salmon Arm, BC. I have a passion for helping people overcome their challenges and achieve their goals. I have a Bachelor's and a Master's degree in Counselling Psychology and over twelve years of experience in the helping profession. I offer individual counselling for adults and older youth (16+).
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor, practicing in Salmon Arm, BC. I have a passion for helping people overcome their challenges and achieve their goals. I have a Bachelor's and a Master's degree in Counselling Psychology and over twelve years of experience in the helping profession. I offer individual counselling for adults and older youth (16+).
(825) 460-9128 View (825) 460-9128
Photo of Anna Moffat - Anna Egan Counselling, Counsellor, BSC, BEd, MACP, RCC
Anna Egan Counselling
Counsellor, BSC, BEd, MACP, RCC
4 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I am a registered clinical counsellor (RCC) with the BCACC. As a therapist, I aim to create a safe, non-judgmental, space for you to be open and heard. Throughout your therapeutic journey, I aim to use a collaborative approach to set goals that are based in your values and strengths. I practice with inclusiveness and respect towards individuals of all cultures and backgrounds. Through working together, I hope to create a wellness plan that works for your lifestyle, needs, and is focused on positive change.
Hello! I am a registered clinical counsellor (RCC) with the BCACC. As a therapist, I aim to create a safe, non-judgmental, space for you to be open and heard. Throughout your therapeutic journey, I aim to use a collaborative approach to set goals that are based in your values and strengths. I practice with inclusiveness and respect towards individuals of all cultures and backgrounds. Through working together, I hope to create a wellness plan that works for your lifestyle, needs, and is focused on positive change.
(249) 507-5091 View (249) 507-5091
Photo of Brett B. Ginter, Psychologist, MA, RPsych
Brett B. Ginter
Psychologist, MA, RPsych
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
NOTE: Salmon Arm location only
NOTE: Salmon Arm location only
(877) 834-4015 View (877) 834-4015
Photo of M J Johnston - Coyote Counselling, Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, CCC
Coyote Counselling
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, CCC
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
I get it. If you are struggling and/or tired, and you may be feeling stuck, hurt, anxious, stressed, hopeless, or out of control... It can feel overwhelming! You’re not sure how to move forward but you know you don’t want to carry it all alone any longer. You need someone who can help…someone who is compassionate, understanding and skilled…someone who helps you feel safe, heard, and empowered. It’s important for you to have support you can trust enough with your story to take on the challenges and do the healing. I want that for you, more than anything. Let's talk!
I get it. If you are struggling and/or tired, and you may be feeling stuck, hurt, anxious, stressed, hopeless, or out of control... It can feel overwhelming! You’re not sure how to move forward but you know you don’t want to carry it all alone any longer. You need someone who can help…someone who is compassionate, understanding and skilled…someone who helps you feel safe, heard, and empowered. It’s important for you to have support you can trust enough with your story to take on the challenges and do the healing. I want that for you, more than anything. Let's talk!
(877) 488-3249 View (877) 488-3249
Photo of Jenny Fremlin, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jenny Fremlin
Pre-Licensed Professional
6 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
With an ability to be highly attuned and listen deeply, I offer a supportive space for clients to express themselves authentically and to find a way toward healing. I maintain an unflinching curiosity for life and for people, finding joy and humour in daily existence.
With an ability to be highly attuned and listen deeply, I offer a supportive space for clients to express themselves authentically and to find a way toward healing. I maintain an unflinching curiosity for life and for people, finding joy and humour in daily existence.
(249) 503-4130 View (249) 503-4130
Photo of Valerie Dessaulles, Counsellor, MA, RCC
Valerie Dessaulles
Counsellor, MA, RCC
1 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
When life feels overwhelming, it’s hard to know what’s keeping you stuck. Whether you’re navigating a career change, retirement, or a big move, I help you uncover what’s holding you back. Together, we’ll explore your past or present challenges, helping you build confidence and clarity to move forward. You have the strength within you—let’s rediscover it, so you can step into the next chapter of your life with confidence and peace of mind.
When life feels overwhelming, it’s hard to know what’s keeping you stuck. Whether you’re navigating a career change, retirement, or a big move, I help you uncover what’s holding you back. Together, we’ll explore your past or present challenges, helping you build confidence and clarity to move forward. You have the strength within you—let’s rediscover it, so you can step into the next chapter of your life with confidence and peace of mind.
(873) 363-1244 View (873) 363-1244
Photo of Tammy S Thielman, Registered Social Worker, BSW , MSW , RSW, EMDR-CT, PRO-EFW
Tammy S Thielman
Registered Social Worker, BSW , MSW , RSW, EMDR-CT, PRO-EFW
2 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
Come to the counselling cabin on my peaceful mountain farm to experience specialized trauma treatment & counselling for: children 3+, adults, families, First Responders, parents. I am trained & experienced in equine & animal-assisted therapy, child-centered play therapy, EMDR for adults & experiential, sensory Playful EMDR for children. I specialize in working with children living with ASD, ADHD, anxiety, depression, behavioural disorders, history of abuse/complex family systems: adoption, foster care, blended families, divorce/separation. The counselling cabin and eco-therapy program area features walking trails & mountain views.
Come to the counselling cabin on my peaceful mountain farm to experience specialized trauma treatment & counselling for: children 3+, adults, families, First Responders, parents. I am trained & experienced in equine & animal-assisted therapy, child-centered play therapy, EMDR for adults & experiential, sensory Playful EMDR for children. I specialize in working with children living with ASD, ADHD, anxiety, depression, behavioural disorders, history of abuse/complex family systems: adoption, foster care, blended families, divorce/separation. The counselling cabin and eco-therapy program area features walking trails & mountain views.
(778) 766-5438 View (778) 766-5438
Photo of Melissa Sorge, Registered Therapeutic Counsellor Candidate / RTC - C, RHN
Melissa Sorge
Registered Therapeutic Counsellor Candidate / RTC - C, RHN
6 Endorsed
Salmon ARM, BC V1E
My approach is grounded in empathy, gentleness & deep presence, integrating a diverse range of therapeutic modalities. Every session is client centered, following your natural rhythm, honouring your autonomy, & working collaboratively to support your growth & well-being. Whether you’re seeking clarity, healing, empowerment, or simply a space to be yourself, you will be met with warmth, care, & respect. Rooted in intuition & informed by each individual’s energy system, our work together honours the wisdom of both mind and body, inviting authentic expression, nervous system regulation & a return to inner balance.
My approach is grounded in empathy, gentleness & deep presence, integrating a diverse range of therapeutic modalities. Every session is client centered, following your natural rhythm, honouring your autonomy, & working collaboratively to support your growth & well-being. Whether you’re seeking clarity, healing, empowerment, or simply a space to be yourself, you will be met with warmth, care, & respect. Rooted in intuition & informed by each individual’s energy system, our work together honours the wisdom of both mind and body, inviting authentic expression, nervous system regulation & a return to inner balance.
(249) 554-9337 View (249) 554-9337

See more therapy options for Salmon ARM

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Salmon ARM, BC

60+

Average cost per session

$155

Counsellors in Salmon ARM, BC who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
87% Social Anxiety
87% Health Anxiety
87% Driving Anxiety
84% Depression
78% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Pacific Blue Cross
63% Green Shield Canada
60% CVAP | Crime Victim

How Counsellors in Salmon ARM, BC see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

90% Female
10% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Salmon ARM?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.