Support Groups in R3J

The View from Here Supervision for the Art Therapy Supervisor & Clinical Supervisors interested in Arts-Based Supervision: This a a virtual 4 session group April 15, 22, 29 & May 6; 6pm-8pm CST led by Lori Boyko MC:AT, RCAT-S, CCC, RSW, informed & Tanis Dick BFA, MAT, RCAT-S, ATR-BC, CCC, IFS informed.. Join us in theme-directed learning and supervision to support effective practice. Confidentiality and a well-resourced learning environment will support trust-building within the group.
Photo of Lori Ann Boyko - Lori Boyko, Art Therapy & Counselling, Registered Social Worker, MC:AT, RCAT-S, CCC-S, RSW
Hosted by Lori Boyko, Art Therapy & Counselling
Registered Social Worker, MC:AT, RCAT-S, CCC-S, RSW
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3J
The View from Here Supervision for the Art Therapy Supervisor & Clinical Supervisors interested in Arts-Based Supervision: This a a virtual 4 session group April 15, 22, 29 & May 6; 6pm-8pm CST led by Lori Boyko MC:AT, RCAT-S, CCC, RSW, informed & Tanis Dick BFA, MAT, RCAT-S, ATR-BC, CCC, IFS informed.. Join us in theme-directed learning and supervision to support effective practice. Confidentiality and a well-resourced learning environment will support trust-building within the group.
(431) 831-8076 View (431) 831-8076
THE VIEW FROM HERE: Supervision for the Art Therapy Supervisors/Clinical Supervisors Interested in Arts-Based Supervision. If you are seeking supervision in incorporating arts-based approaches in your supervision practice, register for this virtual group. Supervisors Lori Boyko and Tanis Dick will guide participants in theme-directed learning and supervision to support effective practice. 4 virtual didactic and experiential sessions target key areas of supervision practice and focus on the use of arts-based practice. Confidentiality and a well-resourced learning environment will support trust- building within the group. $85.00 per session/$320.00 for all 4.
Photo of Tanis Dick - Tanis Dick & Associates Art Therapy & Counselling , Counsellor, MA, RCAT-S, ATR-BC®, CCC,CCS, IFS inf
Hosted by Tanis Dick & Associates Art Therapy & Counselling
Counsellor, MA, RCAT-S, ATR-BC®, CCC,CCS, IFS inf
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3J
THE VIEW FROM HERE: Supervision for the Art Therapy Supervisors/Clinical Supervisors Interested in Arts-Based Supervision. If you are seeking supervision in incorporating arts-based approaches in your supervision practice, register for this virtual group. Supervisors Lori Boyko and Tanis Dick will guide participants in theme-directed learning and supervision to support effective practice. 4 virtual didactic and experiential sessions target key areas of supervision practice and focus on the use of arts-based practice. Confidentiality and a well-resourced learning environment will support trust- building within the group. $85.00 per session/$320.00 for all 4.
(431) 441-6964 View (431) 441-6964
Consider taking time for yourself, become more emotionally aware, connect your feelings with your past or current experiences. Being conscious of yourself, and how you connect with others, takes time and skill. These skills are learned within life experiences and can be further explored in group therapy. A small group is being formed to reflect and restore healthy personal connections. Some topics might be; having a critical inner voice, inability to speak up, changes in health, work ,feeling anxious about your future. If you are ready to commit to improving your emotional health, then contact Ruth for further details
Photo of Ruth B Z Thomson, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Hosted by Ruth B Z Thomson
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3J
Consider taking time for yourself, become more emotionally aware, connect your feelings with your past or current experiences. Being conscious of yourself, and how you connect with others, takes time and skill. These skills are learned within life experiences and can be further explored in group therapy. A small group is being formed to reflect and restore healthy personal connections. Some topics might be; having a critical inner voice, inability to speak up, changes in health, work ,feeling anxious about your future. If you are ready to commit to improving your emotional health, then contact Ruth for further details
(431) 430-1985 View (431) 430-1985

More Groups Nearby

This group has been meeting for close to a decade, and it provides an opportunity for personal growth and exploration of group dynamics for high functioning people who are therapists for others. Therapists examine their own life issues as well as their impact on others in the here and now process of the interactions in the group. Some key agreements are necessary to provide a safe and confidential culture where people can speak freely about personal issues. This group is usually full with only occasional vacancies, but that said, if you are interested in this possibility, send me an email.
Photo of Joan-Dianne Smith, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, FCGPA
Hosted by Joan-Dianne Smith
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, FCGPA
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3M
This group has been meeting for close to a decade, and it provides an opportunity for personal growth and exploration of group dynamics for high functioning people who are therapists for others. Therapists examine their own life issues as well as their impact on others in the here and now process of the interactions in the group. Some key agreements are necessary to provide a safe and confidential culture where people can speak freely about personal issues. This group is usually full with only occasional vacancies, but that said, if you are interested in this possibility, send me an email.
(204) 977-2258 x204229 View (204) 977-2258 x204229
www.middlepathwpg.com Our DBT informed skills group for adolescents offers concrete skills to use in the moment to build awareness and regulate the intensity of emotional responses with the goal of building a life worth living. This group gives teens an opportunity to learn and grow alongside their caregiver so they can improve communication and build stronger relationships. Modules are covered in a 24 week cycle in 6 week blocks and include Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, Emotional Regulation, Interpersonal Effectiveness and Walking the Middle Path. Groups are facilitated by registered Occupational Therapists.
Photo of Nadia MacKinnon, Occupational Therapist, BA, MOT
Hosted by Nadia MacKinnon
Occupational Therapist, BA, MOT
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3B
www.middlepathwpg.com Our DBT informed skills group for adolescents offers concrete skills to use in the moment to build awareness and regulate the intensity of emotional responses with the goal of building a life worth living. This group gives teens an opportunity to learn and grow alongside their caregiver so they can improve communication and build stronger relationships. Modules are covered in a 24 week cycle in 6 week blocks and include Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, Emotional Regulation, Interpersonal Effectiveness and Walking the Middle Path. Groups are facilitated by registered Occupational Therapists.
(204) 815-5815 x4 View (204) 815-5815 x4
After 9 years of weekly meetings The Harbour has transitioned is being an on-line source of information and encouragement. We aim to re-start the group meetings in the future, but for now we hope you will find another group to attend and don't hesitate to check out the resources we have listed on our website. www.theharbourfellowship.ca
Photo of Gerry Goertzen - Riverbend Counselling & Wellness, Counsellor, MA
Hosted by Riverbend Counselling & Wellness
Counsellor, MA
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R2G
After 9 years of weekly meetings The Harbour has transitioned is being an on-line source of information and encouragement. We aim to re-start the group meetings in the future, but for now we hope you will find another group to attend and don't hesitate to check out the resources we have listed on our website. www.theharbourfellowship.ca
(855) 383-4474 View (855) 383-4474
I am currently volunteering as a Peer Support Mental Health Facilitator at Blessed Sacrament Parish under the International Association of Catholic Mental Health Ministry.
Photo of Natividad Dinulos, Pre-Licensed Professional, MSCP, Intern, Student
Hosted by Natividad Dinulos
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSCP, Intern, Student
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R2C
I am currently volunteering as a Peer Support Mental Health Facilitator at Blessed Sacrament Parish under the International Association of Catholic Mental Health Ministry.
(431) 450-7222 View (431) 450-7222
This support group looks to help those experiencing grief and loss to maintain their relationship with loved ones who have died. Participants are led through exercises which invite stories about the skills and values of their loved one, how these skills and values live on in the present; we seek to help participants reclaim the voice of their loved one, and learn how their loved ones’s values can continue to guide participants into the future. Finally, we look help participants reconnect with others who are also interested in telling stories and maintaining traditions that honour deceased loved ones
Photo of Michael Edwards, Registered Social Worker, BA, MSW, RSW
Hosted by Michael Edwards
Registered Social Worker, BA, MSW, RSW
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3G
This support group looks to help those experiencing grief and loss to maintain their relationship with loved ones who have died. Participants are led through exercises which invite stories about the skills and values of their loved one, how these skills and values live on in the present; we seek to help participants reclaim the voice of their loved one, and learn how their loved ones’s values can continue to guide participants into the future. Finally, we look help participants reconnect with others who are also interested in telling stories and maintaining traditions that honour deceased loved ones
(204) 818-9458 View (204) 818-9458
Dialectical behavior therapy is a specialized skills development course for those with borderline personality. The program was designed by founder, Marsha Linehan, and targets four focus areas: mindfulness, emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness. Group members learn skills for better coping and relationships as they progress through this 15 weekly sessions. Group size is limited to a maximum of 6. A strong commitment to practicing these self-soothing and interpersonal skills is required, as is regular attendance. A safe and supportive environment for all members is assured. Contact David at 204-299-7334 or proactivetherapymb@gmail.com for details.
Photo of David Chochinov - Proactive Rehabilitation MB, Occupational Therapist, MOT, OTReg, (MB)
Hosted by Proactive Rehabilitation MB
Occupational Therapist, MOT, OTReg, (MB)
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3L
Dialectical behavior therapy is a specialized skills development course for those with borderline personality. The program was designed by founder, Marsha Linehan, and targets four focus areas: mindfulness, emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness. Group members learn skills for better coping and relationships as they progress through this 15 weekly sessions. Group size is limited to a maximum of 6. A strong commitment to practicing these self-soothing and interpersonal skills is required, as is regular attendance. A safe and supportive environment for all members is assured. Contact David at 204-299-7334 or proactivetherapymb@gmail.com for details.
(204) 900-5991 View (204) 900-5991
Finding your way forward after an unhealthy or harmful relationship can feel overwhelming — but you don’t have to do it alone. This 6-week online group therapy program is designed to provide women who are ready to invest in themselves with a supportive and empowering space to heal, connect, and grow. Facilitated by a psychologist with expertise in partner violence, decision-making, and domestic violence resources, this group offers an opportunity to process your experiences and take meaningful steps toward reclaiming your life. You’ll be contacted with a start date when your group is full and ready to run.
Photo of Katherine Kovachik - Ursa Psychology, Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Hosted by Ursa Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3N
Finding your way forward after an unhealthy or harmful relationship can feel overwhelming — but you don’t have to do it alone. This 6-week online group therapy program is designed to provide women who are ready to invest in themselves with a supportive and empowering space to heal, connect, and grow. Facilitated by a psychologist with expertise in partner violence, decision-making, and domestic violence resources, this group offers an opportunity to process your experiences and take meaningful steps toward reclaiming your life. You’ll be contacted with a start date when your group is full and ready to run.
(204) 800-7806 View (204) 800-7806
Active Recovery Winnipeg is an online program for those in recovery from addictions. A group size of approximately twelve participants provides affiliation, accountability, vicarious learning and a sense of hope. The curriculum covers fundamental areas related to recovery from addictions including relapse prevention, boundaries and assertive communication, goal setting, self-compassion and more! A certificate of completion is provided after attending sixteen sessions.
Photo of Matthew Hodgins, Drug & Alcohol Counsellor, CCAC, ACSW
Hosted by Matthew Hodgins
Drug & Alcohol Counsellor, CCAC, ACSW
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3L
Active Recovery Winnipeg is an online program for those in recovery from addictions. A group size of approximately twelve participants provides affiliation, accountability, vicarious learning and a sense of hope. The curriculum covers fundamental areas related to recovery from addictions including relapse prevention, boundaries and assertive communication, goal setting, self-compassion and more! A certificate of completion is provided after attending sixteen sessions.
(431) 816-3892 View (431) 816-3892
Our postpartum group therapy was created by a Certified Clinical Counsellor to help you feel seen, supported, and understood. Join a group of moms who get it - and who are here to lift each other up. The program includes 5 weekly sessions, each 1.5 hours long. Sessions are $95.00 per week and are often covered by extended health insurance plans. Little ones are more than welcome to join!
Photo of Shayla Vechina - Shayla Vechina: Relationship, Anxiety, Postpartum, Counsellor, MACP, CCC, CC-PMH
Hosted by Shayla Vechina: Relationship, Anxiety, Postpartum
Counsellor, MACP, CCC, CC-PMH
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R2H
Our postpartum group therapy was created by a Certified Clinical Counsellor to help you feel seen, supported, and understood. Join a group of moms who get it - and who are here to lift each other up. The program includes 5 weekly sessions, each 1.5 hours long. Sessions are $95.00 per week and are often covered by extended health insurance plans. Little ones are more than welcome to join!
(204) 900-8723 View (204) 900-8723
When you try hard enough, often enough, you will stumble and fall...and rising strong after a divorce, job loss, death, a failure of some sort is an essential part of resilience. Learning to get back up in a time of struggle is easier when you don't have to do it alone. Featuring videos, stories, exercises and discussions developed out of the research of Dr. Brené Brown, the group will encourage discussion within each person's comfort level.
Photo of Stephanie C Reimer - Conexus Counselling, Counsellor, MA
Hosted by Conexus Counselling
Counsellor, MA
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3T
When you try hard enough, often enough, you will stumble and fall...and rising strong after a divorce, job loss, death, a failure of some sort is an essential part of resilience. Learning to get back up in a time of struggle is easier when you don't have to do it alone. Featuring videos, stories, exercises and discussions developed out of the research of Dr. Brené Brown, the group will encourage discussion within each person's comfort level.
(204) 977-2248 View (204) 977-2248
"Do you feel a deep and enduring sense of injustice, rage, and lost inner peace?" The anger management group will provide group support, anger coping skills, healthy anger expression, positive emotion skills, prevention of domestic abuse, personal empowerment, and relationship repair skills. The group is for anyone who struggles with anger, harmed or received harm from others, or has suffered and feels a deep sense of injustice. The group can assist you with meeting a court order or in finally finding that elusive sense of inner peace. Find your support! Call 204-299-7334 or email proactivetherapymb@gmail.com
Photo of David Chochinov, Occupational Therapist, MOT, BA(PSY), BS(NUT), OTREG, (MB)
Hosted by David Chochinov
Occupational Therapist, MOT, BA(PSY), BS(NUT), OTREG, (MB)
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3L
"Do you feel a deep and enduring sense of injustice, rage, and lost inner peace?" The anger management group will provide group support, anger coping skills, healthy anger expression, positive emotion skills, prevention of domestic abuse, personal empowerment, and relationship repair skills. The group is for anyone who struggles with anger, harmed or received harm from others, or has suffered and feels a deep sense of injustice. The group can assist you with meeting a court order or in finally finding that elusive sense of inner peace. Find your support! Call 204-299-7334 or email proactivetherapymb@gmail.com
(204) 817-9103 View (204) 817-9103
Explore the current issues deeply affecting men in contemporary society while helping each member of the group improve his ability to foster and develop positive relationships with other group members and the other people in their lives. Monthly 1.5 hour group to discuss topics of interest to men. Wednesdays 5:30-7:00pm starting November 1, 2023
Photo of Kelly Penner Hutton - Peace of Mind Therapy and Consultation, Counsellor, PhD, CPsych
Hosted by Peace of Mind Therapy and Consultation
Counsellor, PhD, CPsych
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3P
Explore the current issues deeply affecting men in contemporary society while helping each member of the group improve his ability to foster and develop positive relationships with other group members and the other people in their lives. Monthly 1.5 hour group to discuss topics of interest to men. Wednesdays 5:30-7:00pm starting November 1, 2023
(204) 813-2125 View (204) 813-2125
Online, a few of us gather to make art and work through challenges and support one another. We work towards feeling happy, confident, joyful and peaceful. We address feelings that are blocking us and deepening our awareness.
Photo of Pamela Vialoux, Art Therapist, BTh, BRS, DWHEAT
Hosted by Pamela Vialoux
Art Therapist, BTh, BRS, DWHEAT
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3L
Online, a few of us gather to make art and work through challenges and support one another. We work towards feeling happy, confident, joyful and peaceful. We address feelings that are blocking us and deepening our awareness.
(204) 900-8271 View (204) 900-8271
Currently not running groups. However I am still offering COS to clients privately upon request.
Photo of Jasmin Finch, Counsellor, BSc, MMFT, RMFT, CCC
Hosted by Jasmin Finch
Counsellor, BSc, MMFT, RMFT, CCC
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3N
Currently not running groups. However I am still offering COS to clients privately upon request.
(204) 400-4406 View (204) 400-4406
The transition to parenthood is profound, and it’s normal to feel overwhelmed. This 6-week online group is designed for new and expectant mothers seeking a supportive space to process challenges, reduce isolation, and strengthen mental health. Facilitated by a psychologist with expertise in perinatal mental health, this group focuses on compassion, connection, and practical strategies. You’ll be contacted with a start date when your group is full and ready to run.
Photo of Katherine Kovachik - Ursa Psychology, Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Hosted by Ursa Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3N
The transition to parenthood is profound, and it’s normal to feel overwhelmed. This 6-week online group is designed for new and expectant mothers seeking a supportive space to process challenges, reduce isolation, and strengthen mental health. Facilitated by a psychologist with expertise in perinatal mental health, this group focuses on compassion, connection, and practical strategies. You’ll be contacted with a start date when your group is full and ready to run.
(204) 800-7806 View (204) 800-7806
We offer worksnops monthly in the city of Winnipeg. If you live in Winnipeg and looking to attend Anger Management groups and workshops call to find out details about the closest group or worksnop to your location. Hands on practical, and psychoeducational approach. Group fulfills most court and work place standards.
Photo of Alice Wiafe - Anger Management Resources Inc, Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Hosted by Anger Management Resources Inc
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R2M
We offer worksnops monthly in the city of Winnipeg. If you live in Winnipeg and looking to attend Anger Management groups and workshops call to find out details about the closest group or worksnop to your location. Hands on practical, and psychoeducational approach. Group fulfills most court and work place standards.
(866) 684-7164 View (866) 684-7164
Show up at home the way you want to: reliably, with confidence and pride. Boss at Home: Co-Leading Life at Home Without Being Managed is an 8-session therapy group for men living with partners. It teaches you systems that work: how to track and follow through on responsibilities, manage defensiveness, and repair effectively—while using Emotion-Focused Therapy to go deep. The aim is to become someone your family, your partner, and *you* can genuinely count on. Not couples therapy—just you and other men doing the work. ADHD is a common entry point but not a prerequisite.
Photo of Jacqueline Hogue, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by Jacqueline Hogue
Psychologist, PhD
Group meets in Winnipeg, MB R3N
Show up at home the way you want to: reliably, with confidence and pride. Boss at Home: Co-Leading Life at Home Without Being Managed is an 8-session therapy group for men living with partners. It teaches you systems that work: how to track and follow through on responsibilities, manage defensiveness, and repair effectively—while using Emotion-Focused Therapy to go deep. The aim is to become someone your family, your partner, and *you* can genuinely count on. Not couples therapy—just you and other men doing the work. ADHD is a common entry point but not a prerequisite.
(204) 813-6099 View (204) 813-6099

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FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in R3J?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, postal code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioural exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $90 and $100 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organisations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or non-profit organisations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your group therapy sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for group therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalised and specialised care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.