Counselling in Girrawheen, WA

Photo of Sonia Scussel, Counsellor, ACA-L4
Sonia Scussel
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Girrawheen, WA 6064
Are you feeling disconnected in your relationships, overwhelmed, or struggling with a sense of emptiness? Even the strongest among us can face anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, or loss. Also, past trauma can resurface impacting you in unexpected ways, affecting your sense of safety, trust, connection, and ability to grow. These moments can leave you feeling stuck or emotionally drained. I offer a safe, supportive space where you can make sense of your thoughts, gain clarity, and develop practical strategies to move forward. Together, we can identify unhelpful patterns and build resilience toward a more meaningful life.
Are you feeling disconnected in your relationships, overwhelmed, or struggling with a sense of emptiness? Even the strongest among us can face anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, or loss. Also, past trauma can resurface impacting you in unexpected ways, affecting your sense of safety, trust, connection, and ability to grow. These moments can leave you feeling stuck or emotionally drained. I offer a safe, supportive space where you can make sense of your thoughts, gain clarity, and develop practical strategies to move forward. Together, we can identify unhelpful patterns and build resilience toward a more meaningful life.
(08) 7078 8335 View (08) 7078 8335
Photo of Michiel Gonzales, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Michiel Gonzales
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Michiel is a registered psychologist and has extensive experience working in the mental health field with a variety of presentations. ‘I have learned that deep and lasting change is possible, that long-term issues can be resolved, and people can be free of emotional pain they carry by making sense of difficult experiences together, both past and present, and moving towards a place of self-understanding’. Michiel works with adults and adolescents using an integrative approach which is based on empathy and building a strong mutual respect and working relationship with clients.
Michiel is a registered psychologist and has extensive experience working in the mental health field with a variety of presentations. ‘I have learned that deep and lasting change is possible, that long-term issues can be resolved, and people can be free of emotional pain they carry by making sense of difficult experiences together, both past and present, and moving towards a place of self-understanding’. Michiel works with adults and adolescents using an integrative approach which is based on empathy and building a strong mutual respect and working relationship with clients.
(08) 6171 3513 View (08) 6171 3513

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Michel Gomberg, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Michel Gomberg
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Serves Area
I am a registered counsellor with a Master’s in Positive Psychology and 20 years of executive experience at Coca-Cola and start-ups. This allows me to integrate my therapy and business knowledge to help clients manage anxiety, work-related challenges, and career/life transitions. My journey in different organisations gives me the capacity to relate to the obstacles many professionals face in their career. This enables me to help them live in sync with themselves, their jobs, and the world around them.
I am a registered counsellor with a Master’s in Positive Psychology and 20 years of executive experience at Coca-Cola and start-ups. This allows me to integrate my therapy and business knowledge to help clients manage anxiety, work-related challenges, and career/life transitions. My journey in different organisations gives me the capacity to relate to the obstacles many professionals face in their career. This enables me to help them live in sync with themselves, their jobs, and the world around them.
0491 014 319 View 0491 014 319
Photo of Jade Rivera, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
Jade Rivera
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
2 Endorsed
Midland, WA 6056
I work from a client-centred and transpersonal lens within a trauma-informed framework. I assist people suffering from anxiety, depression, grief & loss, ADHD, relationship problems, drug & alcohol use, existential crises, life transitions, loneliness and a range of other issues that contribute to difficulties coping. I often help highly sensitive people, and clients interested in moving into deeper truth. The therapeutic process involves identifying needs, working through fears and concerns, exploring various aspects of the self, and helping people to find their centre so they may experience a more joyful and fulfilling existence.
I work from a client-centred and transpersonal lens within a trauma-informed framework. I assist people suffering from anxiety, depression, grief & loss, ADHD, relationship problems, drug & alcohol use, existential crises, life transitions, loneliness and a range of other issues that contribute to difficulties coping. I often help highly sensitive people, and clients interested in moving into deeper truth. The therapeutic process involves identifying needs, working through fears and concerns, exploring various aspects of the self, and helping people to find their centre so they may experience a more joyful and fulfilling existence.
(08) 6490 9810 View (08) 6490 9810
Photo of Rez Akbarian, Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
Rez Akbarian
Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I specialise in supporting individuals facing addiction and co-occurring mental health challenges, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. With over 7 years of experience, I take a holistic approach, integrating mind, body, and spirit to help you achieve balance and personal growth. I also work with burnout, stress management, trauma recovery, neurodivergent conditions, spirituality, and psychedelic integration. Together, we’ll create personalised strategies to help you thrive and live a fulfilling life.
I specialise in supporting individuals facing addiction and co-occurring mental health challenges, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. With over 7 years of experience, I take a holistic approach, integrating mind, body, and spirit to help you achieve balance and personal growth. I also work with burnout, stress management, trauma recovery, neurodivergent conditions, spirituality, and psychedelic integration. Together, we’ll create personalised strategies to help you thrive and live a fulfilling life.
View
Photo of Annalise Joy Webster
Annalise Joy Webster
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spearwood, WA 6163
What would a thriving relationship and vibrant sex life look like for you? Sex, intimacy, and connection are integral to our sense of pleasure and fulfillment. Everyone deserves to feel confident, explore their curiosities, and experience intimacy on their own terms. Whether you're navigating relationship challenges or seeking to elevate your sexual connection, with the right guidance, you’ll be empowered to unlock the passion and deep connection you crave. Together, we can create the safe space you need to explore, discover, and embrace the intimacy you desire.
What would a thriving relationship and vibrant sex life look like for you? Sex, intimacy, and connection are integral to our sense of pleasure and fulfillment. Everyone deserves to feel confident, explore their curiosities, and experience intimacy on their own terms. Whether you're navigating relationship challenges or seeking to elevate your sexual connection, with the right guidance, you’ll be empowered to unlock the passion and deep connection you crave. Together, we can create the safe space you need to explore, discover, and embrace the intimacy you desire.
(08) 6120 1120 View (08) 6120 1120
Photo of Natalie Fairclough, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Natalie Fairclough
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Online Only
Natalie is a Senior Clinical Psychologist and psychotherapist with over 30 years of experience in adult community mental health services. She specialises in individual therapy in the areas of depression, anxiety, trauma, character disorders, grief and loss, interpersonal difficulties, family relationship difficulties, difficult childhood experiences, and relationship and marital difficulties. Natalie has helped people to overcome troubling symptoms, resolve traumas and losses in life, and more successfully deal with the challenges that life brings along the way. Waitlist status: Currently Accepting New Referrals. Online (Zoom) Only
Natalie is a Senior Clinical Psychologist and psychotherapist with over 30 years of experience in adult community mental health services. She specialises in individual therapy in the areas of depression, anxiety, trauma, character disorders, grief and loss, interpersonal difficulties, family relationship difficulties, difficult childhood experiences, and relationship and marital difficulties. Natalie has helped people to overcome troubling symptoms, resolve traumas and losses in life, and more successfully deal with the challenges that life brings along the way. Waitlist status: Currently Accepting New Referrals. Online (Zoom) Only
(08) 6490 9101 View (08) 6490 9101
Photo of Tracy Hwang, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Tracy Hwang
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
South Perth, WA 6151
Tracy has experience and interest working with: general mental health and wellbeing, stress management and resilience coaching, relationship counselling, dealing with change/adjustment, workplace challenges such as bullying/harassment/assault, workplace termination/redundancy, managing conflict or difficult conversations, leadership development and coaching, Anxiety-related conditions, Depression and mood-related conditions, Trauma-related conditions (single event/reoccurring incidents), anger and emotional regulation conditions, Sleep and Fatigue management concerns, & general personal growth and development.
Tracy has experience and interest working with: general mental health and wellbeing, stress management and resilience coaching, relationship counselling, dealing with change/adjustment, workplace challenges such as bullying/harassment/assault, workplace termination/redundancy, managing conflict or difficult conversations, leadership development and coaching, Anxiety-related conditions, Depression and mood-related conditions, Trauma-related conditions (single event/reoccurring incidents), anger and emotional regulation conditions, Sleep and Fatigue management concerns, & general personal growth and development.
(08) 6361 3225 View (08) 6361 3225
Photo of Genevieve Milnes, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA Endorsed
Genevieve Milnes
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA Endorsed
Mount Lawley, WA 6050
I am a compassionate and warm clinical psychologist who loves talking to people and finding out why people do what they do and how to help them overcome it. If you are depressed, anxious, or stressed please ring our clinic and make a time to come and talk. Individual and personal issues, marriage and relationships, parents and children, inattention at school and home, and a host of other areas. I conduct assessments for diagnoses including ASD Autism , ADHD, PTSD, ODD, Cognitive Devlpt (WISC, WAIS), and many others.
I am a compassionate and warm clinical psychologist who loves talking to people and finding out why people do what they do and how to help them overcome it. If you are depressed, anxious, or stressed please ring our clinic and make a time to come and talk. Individual and personal issues, marriage and relationships, parents and children, inattention at school and home, and a host of other areas. I conduct assessments for diagnoses including ASD Autism , ADHD, PTSD, ODD, Cognitive Devlpt (WISC, WAIS), and many others.
(08) 9126 9157 View (08) 9126 9157
Photo of Tara Scott, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Tara Scott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi, I’m Tara! I am an Accredited Social Worker in Meanjin/Brisbane and a proudly queer, non-binary, Autistic ADHD’er. I am authentically and unashamedly myself: silly, curious, kind, funny and warm. I love working with: young people (16+) - Autistic & ADHD'ers - current or former sex workers - queer, trans and gender diverse folks - and people who live with intellectual & learning disabilities.
Hi, I’m Tara! I am an Accredited Social Worker in Meanjin/Brisbane and a proudly queer, non-binary, Autistic ADHD’er. I am authentically and unashamedly myself: silly, curious, kind, funny and warm. I love working with: young people (16+) - Autistic & ADHD'ers - current or former sex workers - queer, trans and gender diverse folks - and people who live with intellectual & learning disabilities.
(07) 2100 4155 View (07) 2100 4155
Photo of Eden Brown - Brown Eden Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Brown Eden Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Serves Area
We provide confidential, non-judgemental, culturally appropriate and trauma informed psychotherapy and counselling to individuals and groups in person and Telehealth via online video nation-wide. Our practice approach aims to be present centred, collaborative, values your expertise, emphasises growth and responsibility, offers genuine therapeutic relationship as a potent force for change and, provides a shame sensitive environment to experiment with novel perspectives to ongoing issues.
We provide confidential, non-judgemental, culturally appropriate and trauma informed psychotherapy and counselling to individuals and groups in person and Telehealth via online video nation-wide. Our practice approach aims to be present centred, collaborative, values your expertise, emphasises growth and responsibility, offers genuine therapeutic relationship as a potent force for change and, provides a shame sensitive environment to experiment with novel perspectives to ongoing issues.
(03) 7003 2602 View (03) 7003 2602
Photo of Sheridan Tanner
Sheridan Tanner
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Currambine, WA 6028
I work with late-diagnosed neurodivergent woman who may be feeling overwhelmed, misunderstood, or burnt out from masking and trying to fit into systems that weren’t built for them. I help others to gain clarity, self-acceptance, and develop customised practical strategies to support mental health and daily functioning. It is my hope that others leave my sessions feel empowered, inspired, and connected, ready to live a life that finally feels like theirs.
I work with late-diagnosed neurodivergent woman who may be feeling overwhelmed, misunderstood, or burnt out from masking and trying to fit into systems that weren’t built for them. I help others to gain clarity, self-acceptance, and develop customised practical strategies to support mental health and daily functioning. It is my hope that others leave my sessions feel empowered, inspired, and connected, ready to live a life that finally feels like theirs.
(08) 6206 8105 View (08) 6206 8105
Photo of Claire McArthur, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Claire McArthur
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Mount Lawley, WA 6050
I am a clinical psychologist who has developed a passion for working with adolescents (12+) and adults, anxiety, depression, voice hearing, psychosis, and emotional dysregulation. I am passionate about helping people who may be feeling stuck, lost or unsure how to get their life back on track following an episode of psychosis, or any other significant life event. If you feel like things are not quite right, but are unsure why, we can explore this together to figure out how best to help you.
I am a clinical psychologist who has developed a passion for working with adolescents (12+) and adults, anxiety, depression, voice hearing, psychosis, and emotional dysregulation. I am passionate about helping people who may be feeling stuck, lost or unsure how to get their life back on track following an episode of psychosis, or any other significant life event. If you feel like things are not quite right, but are unsure why, we can explore this together to figure out how best to help you.
(08) 6490 9942 View (08) 6490 9942
Photo of Richard Norman - Norman Counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Norman Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Huntingdale, WA 6110
Doing life can be hard and sometimes overwhelms us. Loss of control and enjoyment of life can bring trauma and challenges. I believe everyone can regain hope and restoration to live a fulfilling life. My life experiences include secondary-school teaching; as a husband and dad in raising a now-adult family; pastoral care; Christian counselling; and alcohol and drug counselling.
Doing life can be hard and sometimes overwhelms us. Loss of control and enjoyment of life can bring trauma and challenges. I believe everyone can regain hope and restoration to live a fulfilling life. My life experiences include secondary-school teaching; as a husband and dad in raising a now-adult family; pastoral care; Christian counselling; and alcohol and drug counselling.
(08) 6171 3865 View (08) 6171 3865
Photo of Oliver Szymanski, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Oliver Szymanski
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Oliver is a Registered Psychologist and who has worked closely with young people of various presentations in both an intervention and cognitive assessment capacity. Oliver has extensive experience working with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in particular, and assessing complex presentations across childhood to young adulthood. He also undertaken numerous trainings and workshops on Eating Disorders, which remains a key area of professional interest.
Oliver is a Registered Psychologist and who has worked closely with young people of various presentations in both an intervention and cognitive assessment capacity. Oliver has extensive experience working with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in particular, and assessing complex presentations across childhood to young adulthood. He also undertaken numerous trainings and workshops on Eating Disorders, which remains a key area of professional interest.
(03) 9068 5778 View (03) 9068 5778
Photo of Rebecca Ng - Counselling Empathy, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Counselling Empathy
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Wembley, WA 6014
Are you feeling exhausted from playing the caretaker role in your relationships? Frustrated that your choice of romantic partners are emotionally distant? Noticing a resentment in you towards others? Wishing someone would take care of you for a change? Perhaps you don’t see a way out of this cycle? With counselling learn to - Communicate your feelings and needs to get the empathy and support you need from each other. Start doing conflict in ways that leave you feeling even more connected, seen and heard. Build your sense of self, so you can better narrate your inner world to your partner. Rebuild trust in the relationship.
Are you feeling exhausted from playing the caretaker role in your relationships? Frustrated that your choice of romantic partners are emotionally distant? Noticing a resentment in you towards others? Wishing someone would take care of you for a change? Perhaps you don’t see a way out of this cycle? With counselling learn to - Communicate your feelings and needs to get the empathy and support you need from each other. Start doing conflict in ways that leave you feeling even more connected, seen and heard. Build your sense of self, so you can better narrate your inner world to your partner. Rebuild trust in the relationship.
(08) 6120 1632 View (08) 6120 1632
Photo of Elaine McCarron - Finding Your Light, Online Counselling Service, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Finding Your Light, Online Counselling Service
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Online Only
Are you feeling a little stuck, overwhelmed with life and the never-ending list of things to do? Or perhaps seeking a safe space to carefully untangle all those busy thoughts in your mind? I’ve been there too. My name is Elaine and I’m the founder of Finding Your Light Online Counselling Service. I am a registered holistic counsellor which means I see each client as a whole person, rather than just a set of symptoms. I consider the interplay between mind, body and spirit. This might involve exploring not just emotional and mental concerns, but also physical health, lifestyle habits, and personal values.
Are you feeling a little stuck, overwhelmed with life and the never-ending list of things to do? Or perhaps seeking a safe space to carefully untangle all those busy thoughts in your mind? I’ve been there too. My name is Elaine and I’m the founder of Finding Your Light Online Counselling Service. I am a registered holistic counsellor which means I see each client as a whole person, rather than just a set of symptoms. I consider the interplay between mind, body and spirit. This might involve exploring not just emotional and mental concerns, but also physical health, lifestyle habits, and personal values.
(08) 6490 9207 View (08) 6490 9207
Photo of Elinor van Ommen, Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Elinor van Ommen
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Serves Area
The ideal client is the one who is willing to bring their whole self into the therapeutic space. Firstly, they probably just want to feel better - and that is fair. Therapy usually starts right there in the very practical ground of alleviating distress. For some that is enough. Others, may want to continue the journey of personal growth to further explore patterns of behaviour and any obstacles that stand between them and their greatest potential.
The ideal client is the one who is willing to bring their whole self into the therapeutic space. Firstly, they probably just want to feel better - and that is fair. Therapy usually starts right there in the very practical ground of alleviating distress. For some that is enough. Others, may want to continue the journey of personal growth to further explore patterns of behaviour and any obstacles that stand between them and their greatest potential.
(08) 7078 8026 View (08) 7078 8026
Photo of Julian Heng, Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L1
Julian Heng
Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L1
Nedlands, WA 6009
Julian is a Male Counsellor/Mentor with a person-centred approach, practising with significant personal and professional life experience. Julian runs Remotely Counselling, an online practice for clients from all backgrounds. He understands: (1) grief and loss experienced with illness, disease and death; (2) cultural challenges in grief, loss, and bereavement; (3) difficulties coping with friends/loved ones living with a genetic or neurological disease; (4) challenges when settling in a new city/country; (5) identity issues (e.g. acculturation) as a first generation migrant; (6) midlife malaise as a 'sandwich generation' parent.
Julian is a Male Counsellor/Mentor with a person-centred approach, practising with significant personal and professional life experience. Julian runs Remotely Counselling, an online practice for clients from all backgrounds. He understands: (1) grief and loss experienced with illness, disease and death; (2) cultural challenges in grief, loss, and bereavement; (3) difficulties coping with friends/loved ones living with a genetic or neurological disease; (4) challenges when settling in a new city/country; (5) identity issues (e.g. acculturation) as a first generation migrant; (6) midlife malaise as a 'sandwich generation' parent.
(08) 6490 9937 View (08) 6490 9937
Photo of Beth Franca, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Beth Franca
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Wembley, WA 6014
I have worked for over 17 years with toddlers, school aged children, teens, young adults and women on their mental health recovery journey, life transitions, helping people to heal from complex trauma and find their calm space and growth for themselves and in their relationships in life.
I have worked for over 17 years with toddlers, school aged children, teens, young adults and women on their mental health recovery journey, life transitions, helping people to heal from complex trauma and find their calm space and growth for themselves and in their relationships in life.
(08) 6493 7341 View (08) 6493 7341

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Girrawheen, WA

< 10

Counsellors in Girrawheen, WA who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
100% Chronic Pain
100% Coping Skills
50% Depression
50% Addiction
50% Child
50% ADHD

Average years in practice

6 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Any/Out-of-network Insurance
100% Bupa
100% Australian Unity

How Counsellors in Girrawheen, WA see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

50% Female
50% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Girrawheen?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.