Counselling in Geelong, VIC

Darren Riggon
Psychotherapist, MSc, PACFA
Geelong, VIC 3220
I am keen to help individuals work through their challenges,moving from living their lives as passive observers, to being active participants, in creating lives that serve their happiness. My therapeutic practice is encapsulated in the philosophy of " Your life, your way".
I am keen to help individuals work through their challenges,moving from living their lives as passive observers, to being active participants, in creating lives that serve their happiness. My therapeutic practice is encapsulated in the philosophy of " Your life, your way".
(03) 8824 9924 View (03) 8824 9924
Photo of Ece Busch, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Ece Busch
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Online Only
Ece is passionate about assisting adults experiencing challenges with ADHD, anxiety, OCD, depression, stress, low self esteem, PTSD, c-PTSD and recovery from traumatic and challenging life experiences. Ece is a warm and patient therapist who tailors therapy to your unique needs and strengths. Ece is an accredited EMDR therapist and utilises evidence based approaches including Internal Family Systems therapy, mindfulness-based CBT, acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behavioural therapy and art therapy. Ece works with clients on Worksafe, Pathways Vic, DVA and mental health care plans.
Ece is passionate about assisting adults experiencing challenges with ADHD, anxiety, OCD, depression, stress, low self esteem, PTSD, c-PTSD and recovery from traumatic and challenging life experiences. Ece is a warm and patient therapist who tailors therapy to your unique needs and strengths. Ece is an accredited EMDR therapist and utilises evidence based approaches including Internal Family Systems therapy, mindfulness-based CBT, acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behavioural therapy and art therapy. Ece works with clients on Worksafe, Pathways Vic, DVA and mental health care plans.
(03) 5200 9730 View (03) 5200 9730
Photo of Joe Lewsey, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Joe Lewsey
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Geelong, VIC 3220
I’m a Registered Psychologist and the founder of CAYA Psychology. I have over a decade of experience working with children, teens, young adults, and their families to help them feel understood, supported, and more confident. I started CAYA because I wanted to create a place where children, teens, young adults, and families could feel truly supported, understood, and empowered. I see first-hand how overwhelming life can feel when you or your child are struggling, and my goal is to make therapy a safe, welcoming space where positive change is possible.
I’m a Registered Psychologist and the founder of CAYA Psychology. I have over a decade of experience working with children, teens, young adults, and their families to help them feel understood, supported, and more confident. I started CAYA because I wanted to create a place where children, teens, young adults, and families could feel truly supported, understood, and empowered. I see first-hand how overwhelming life can feel when you or your child are struggling, and my goal is to make therapy a safe, welcoming space where positive change is possible.
(03) 4238 0071 View (03) 4238 0071
Photo of Dylan Arnot, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Dylan Arnot
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Geelong, VIC 3220
Hi, I'm Dylan, a Performance and Clinical Psychologist. I support clients to connect with their meaning, purpose, and values, while managing complex challenges. I work with a diverse array of adult and adolescent clients, including high performing athletes, creatives and leaders, as well as those experiencing challenges such as burnout, life transitions, anxiety, panic attacks, ADHD and ASD. In high performance psychology, I work with AFL players, A-league, Olympians and Paralympians, professional tennis, surfing, basketball, endurance sports, to name a few.
Hi, I'm Dylan, a Performance and Clinical Psychologist. I support clients to connect with their meaning, purpose, and values, while managing complex challenges. I work with a diverse array of adult and adolescent clients, including high performing athletes, creatives and leaders, as well as those experiencing challenges such as burnout, life transitions, anxiety, panic attacks, ADHD and ASD. In high performance psychology, I work with AFL players, A-league, Olympians and Paralympians, professional tennis, surfing, basketball, endurance sports, to name a few.
(03) 6146 3591 View (03) 6146 3591
Photo of Edward Stubbings, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Edward Stubbings
Counsellor, ACA-L2
2 Endorsed
Geelong, VIC 3220
I am a systemic psychotherapist working with individuals and couples and I'm passionate about supporting you in creating meaningful change in your life. Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, sleep difficulties, chronic stress, intrusive thoughts, fatigue, limiting beliefs, or relational challenges, I am here to support you on your journey.
I am a systemic psychotherapist working with individuals and couples and I'm passionate about supporting you in creating meaningful change in your life. Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, sleep difficulties, chronic stress, intrusive thoughts, fatigue, limiting beliefs, or relational challenges, I am here to support you on your journey.
(03) 4233 4319 View (03) 4233 4319
Sam McDonald
Psychotherapist, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Geelong, VIC 3220
As a Psychotherapist of 25 years, and before that, 20 years as a Massage Therapist, I have long been interested in the whole person; how emotions and psychological suffering impact on the body and how difficult it is to take agency and self regulate.
As a Psychotherapist of 25 years, and before that, 20 years as a Massage Therapist, I have long been interested in the whole person; how emotions and psychological suffering impact on the body and how difficult it is to take agency and self regulate.
(03) 4237 8205 View (03) 4237 8205
Photo of Beth Milner, Psychotherapist
Beth Milner
Psychotherapist
2 Endorsed
Geelong, VIC 3220
Beth is a PACFA registered psychotherapist and counsellor offering compassionate, holistic, client-centred therapy. I have a special interest in working with women and adolescents to overcome patterns of shame, dysregulation and low self-esteem. Maybe you feel sad, stuck, anxious or compulsive, not knowing how to move forward. My approach is trauma-informed and compassion-based. Rather than viewing what is "wrong" or "shameful" or "pathological" about your experiences, we will meet them with curiosity and understanding and exploring them in greater depth leading to the most profound and empowering change.
Beth is a PACFA registered psychotherapist and counsellor offering compassionate, holistic, client-centred therapy. I have a special interest in working with women and adolescents to overcome patterns of shame, dysregulation and low self-esteem. Maybe you feel sad, stuck, anxious or compulsive, not knowing how to move forward. My approach is trauma-informed and compassion-based. Rather than viewing what is "wrong" or "shameful" or "pathological" about your experiences, we will meet them with curiosity and understanding and exploring them in greater depth leading to the most profound and empowering change.
(03) 4240 4749 View (03) 4240 4749
Photo of Barbara Gear - Harmony Online Couples & Relationships Counselling, Social Worker, AMHSW
Harmony Online Couples & Relationships Counselling
Social Worker, AMHSW
Online Only
Hello, I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker with over 15 years of experience in providing therapeutic counselling to people experiencing various life challenges and mental health issues. I specialise in couples, family relationships and trauma counselling. My approach is person-centred, non-judgemental and empathetic, and each person is unique in their own journey through life. I work closely with my clients, providing support and guidance to help them gain a deeper understanding of themselves and achieve their life goals and dreams. You can book directly online through my website.
Hello, I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker with over 15 years of experience in providing therapeutic counselling to people experiencing various life challenges and mental health issues. I specialise in couples, family relationships and trauma counselling. My approach is person-centred, non-judgemental and empathetic, and each person is unique in their own journey through life. I work closely with my clients, providing support and guidance to help them gain a deeper understanding of themselves and achieve their life goals and dreams. You can book directly online through my website.
(03) 4236 5013 View (03) 4236 5013
Photo of Veronica Knox, Psychologist, Australian Association of Psychologists - Member
Veronica Knox
Psychologist, Australian Association of Psychologists - Member
Geelong, VIC 3220
I’m a psychologist and lifelong seeker who has spent the past 20 years in private practice helping people return to their wholeness. The work I offer now—is the culmination of two decades of professional experience, personal growth, deep listening, and soulful learning. It brings together everything I’ve gathered along the way: my training in psychology , my lived experience, my own healing journey, and my heartfelt belief in the power of women supporting women. At the heart of what I do is a simple yet powerful truth: we don’t have to do this alone.
I’m a psychologist and lifelong seeker who has spent the past 20 years in private practice helping people return to their wholeness. The work I offer now—is the culmination of two decades of professional experience, personal growth, deep listening, and soulful learning. It brings together everything I’ve gathered along the way: my training in psychology , my lived experience, my own healing journey, and my heartfelt belief in the power of women supporting women. At the heart of what I do is a simple yet powerful truth: we don’t have to do this alone.
0438 094 883 View 0438 094 883
Photo of Nikita Dwivedi, Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Nikita Dwivedi
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My ideal client would be someone experiencing lack of intimacy & frequent conflicts in their relationship. Their presenting issues might involve lack of trust & unhealthy ways of communication. They would need skills & strategies to communicate more effectively & ways to make repairs after conflicts. They would also need tools to rebuild trust and foster intimacy. Another ideal client would be someone who has experienced trauma, childhood or more recent. They might experience anxiety, flashbacks & nightmares. Their goals would be to process the trauma & better manage their distressing thoughts & feelings.
My ideal client would be someone experiencing lack of intimacy & frequent conflicts in their relationship. Their presenting issues might involve lack of trust & unhealthy ways of communication. They would need skills & strategies to communicate more effectively & ways to make repairs after conflicts. They would also need tools to rebuild trust and foster intimacy. Another ideal client would be someone who has experienced trauma, childhood or more recent. They might experience anxiety, flashbacks & nightmares. Their goals would be to process the trauma & better manage their distressing thoughts & feelings.
(03) 6152 6163 View (03) 6152 6163
Photo of Krysia Kostrz, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Krysia Kostrz
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Geelong, VIC 3220
Hello! I'm a neurodiversity-affirming psychologist, I'm neurodivergent & love working with people seeking to discover more about themselves. I'm lucky to be part of my client's moments of realisation, of clarity & understanding-when everything finally makes sense! I provide ADHD & Autism assessments for Adults & Therapy support for Children, Adolescents & Adults exploring their neurodivergent identity, those experiencing Anxiety, Depression, Stress, ADHD support & sensory & learning differences. I'm trauma-informed & provide EMDR Therapy. Appointments available in the next 1-2 weeks - my work is personal, relational & collaborative.
Hello! I'm a neurodiversity-affirming psychologist, I'm neurodivergent & love working with people seeking to discover more about themselves. I'm lucky to be part of my client's moments of realisation, of clarity & understanding-when everything finally makes sense! I provide ADHD & Autism assessments for Adults & Therapy support for Children, Adolescents & Adults exploring their neurodivergent identity, those experiencing Anxiety, Depression, Stress, ADHD support & sensory & learning differences. I'm trauma-informed & provide EMDR Therapy. Appointments available in the next 1-2 weeks - my work is personal, relational & collaborative.
(03) 4245 1035 View (03) 4245 1035
Photo of Barbara Grace, Psychotherapist, MA
Barbara Grace
Psychotherapist, MA
Geelong, VIC 3220
Relationship troubles? Wondering if anything or anyone could help? You may be feeling alone, and doubtful - full of worry, guilt or shame at being here. But hearing more anger or blame as you withdraw emotionally only prolongs the problem & often makes things worse. It's lonely being in a relationship where the other person no longer feels 'present'. Ignoring the problems doesn't work, rather it pushes them underground where they fester. At this point you may be feeling raw, stressed, isolated, fearful or disillusioned. Tears & frustration one minute, anger the next. If rekindling love and connection is important to you, let's talk.
Relationship troubles? Wondering if anything or anyone could help? You may be feeling alone, and doubtful - full of worry, guilt or shame at being here. But hearing more anger or blame as you withdraw emotionally only prolongs the problem & often makes things worse. It's lonely being in a relationship where the other person no longer feels 'present'. Ignoring the problems doesn't work, rather it pushes them underground where they fester. At this point you may be feeling raw, stressed, isolated, fearful or disillusioned. Tears & frustration one minute, anger the next. If rekindling love and connection is important to you, let's talk.
(03) 9070 5773 View (03) 9070 5773
Photo of Jake Garvey, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Jake Garvey
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Geelong, VIC 3220
Currently accepting new referrals. Jake is a warm, down-to-earth clinically endorsed psychologist who offers a relatable and personalised approach to therapy. With a strong background across public health, education, and private practice, Jake brings a wealth of experience in supporting individuals through anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, relationship difficulties, and major life transitions.
Currently accepting new referrals. Jake is a warm, down-to-earth clinically endorsed psychologist who offers a relatable and personalised approach to therapy. With a strong background across public health, education, and private practice, Jake brings a wealth of experience in supporting individuals through anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, relationship difficulties, and major life transitions.
(03) 4238 0669 View (03) 4238 0669
Photo of Tenille Dilorenzo, Psychologist, MPsych
Tenille Dilorenzo
Psychologist, MPsych
Geelong, VIC 3220
I recognise that asking for help is hard, and finding the right psychologist isn't always easy. Building trust takes time and going to therapy (for the first time or the tenth time) can be overwhelming. We all want to be truly seen and heard, and within the counselling space we can begin to create that. I specialise in providing individual counselling with a focus on, trauma, addiction, mood and anxiety disorders, grief and loss, personality disorders and offending behaviour. No matter your life story, you can come to therapy and take your armour off to begin to truly heal. Don't hesitate to call, text or email.
I recognise that asking for help is hard, and finding the right psychologist isn't always easy. Building trust takes time and going to therapy (for the first time or the tenth time) can be overwhelming. We all want to be truly seen and heard, and within the counselling space we can begin to create that. I specialise in providing individual counselling with a focus on, trauma, addiction, mood and anxiety disorders, grief and loss, personality disorders and offending behaviour. No matter your life story, you can come to therapy and take your armour off to begin to truly heal. Don't hesitate to call, text or email.
(03) 4236 9624 View (03) 4236 9624
Photo of Brianna Muldoon, Social Worker, MA, AASW
Brianna Muldoon
Social Worker, MA, AASW
Geelong, VIC 3220
Mother Tree Mental Health is owned and operated by Brianna. We are on our way to being NDIS reg! Brianna has experience working with people of all abilities and ages; from young children, their families, through to adults and couples throughout the life stages. Brianna has a passion for understanding the unique experiences of people, supporting them to find healing and connection. Drawing upon clinical training of varied kinds of brain functions, processes of emotion and experience; Brianna is able to work with clients to better manage anxiety, stress, uncomfortable emotions and complex trauma.
Mother Tree Mental Health is owned and operated by Brianna. We are on our way to being NDIS reg! Brianna has experience working with people of all abilities and ages; from young children, their families, through to adults and couples throughout the life stages. Brianna has a passion for understanding the unique experiences of people, supporting them to find healing and connection. Drawing upon clinical training of varied kinds of brain functions, processes of emotion and experience; Brianna is able to work with clients to better manage anxiety, stress, uncomfortable emotions and complex trauma.
(03) 4328 0132 View (03) 4328 0132
Photo of Megan Pilon, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Megan Pilon
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Geelong, VIC 3220
Book at centredwellbeing.com.au - I'm a registered psychologist with a breadth of experience working with people of all ages and backgrounds in clinical, community and workplace settings. I have specific interests in connecting with children, adolescents and adults to identify and leverage their strengths, understand their challenges, develop their understanding of themselves and their relationships, and work collaboratively to meet their personal, social, educational, and work-related goals.
Book at centredwellbeing.com.au - I'm a registered psychologist with a breadth of experience working with people of all ages and backgrounds in clinical, community and workplace settings. I have specific interests in connecting with children, adolescents and adults to identify and leverage their strengths, understand their challenges, develop their understanding of themselves and their relationships, and work collaboratively to meet their personal, social, educational, and work-related goals.
(03) 4236 5727 View (03) 4236 5727
Photo of Kerri Ludlow, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Kerri Ludlow
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Geelong, VIC 3220
As a Counsellor and Clinical Hypnotherapist, I help women recover from narcissistic abuse and the deep emotional wounds these relationships cause. My ideal client is a resilient woman seeking to reclaim her sense of self and self-esteem, despite feeling overwhelmed by manipulation and gaslighting. Through compassionate Counselling and Hypnotherapy, I empower my clients to heal from trauma, set healthy boundaries, and embrace a future filled with confidence and emotional well-being.
As a Counsellor and Clinical Hypnotherapist, I help women recover from narcissistic abuse and the deep emotional wounds these relationships cause. My ideal client is a resilient woman seeking to reclaim her sense of self and self-esteem, despite feeling overwhelmed by manipulation and gaslighting. Through compassionate Counselling and Hypnotherapy, I empower my clients to heal from trauma, set healthy boundaries, and embrace a future filled with confidence and emotional well-being.
(03) 4236 7720 View (03) 4236 7720
Photo of Julia Suban - Julia Suban Counsellor, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Julia Suban Counsellor
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Geelong, VIC 3220
Meet Julia Suban Counsellor At Julia Suban Counsellor - when you experience stress, feel anxious or have sustained a work injury, Let's Talk About It. As a leading Telehealth service provider for mental health services in Australia, and for workers compensation in Victoria and Tasmania, we pride ourselves on delivering compassionate care to our clients. Utilising a person centred therapeutic framework, which means you can expect to be accepted for who you are, be heard and listened to, and feel understood.
Meet Julia Suban Counsellor At Julia Suban Counsellor - when you experience stress, feel anxious or have sustained a work injury, Let's Talk About It. As a leading Telehealth service provider for mental health services in Australia, and for workers compensation in Victoria and Tasmania, we pride ourselves on delivering compassionate care to our clients. Utilising a person centred therapeutic framework, which means you can expect to be accepted for who you are, be heard and listened to, and feel understood.
(03) 4231 7828 View (03) 4231 7828
Photo of Louise Brunt, Social Worker, MSc, AASW
Louise Brunt
Social Worker, MSc, AASW
1 Endorsed
Geelong, VIC 3220
Are you or your child struggling with trauma, family issues, or mental health concerns? I'm Louise, an empathetic, qualified Social Worker who can guide you through these challenges. I support individuals and families, working with children aged 0-8 and adults over 18. I help people struggling with PTSD, ASD, relationship breakdowns, family violence, parenting issues, disability, and more.
Are you or your child struggling with trauma, family issues, or mental health concerns? I'm Louise, an empathetic, qualified Social Worker who can guide you through these challenges. I support individuals and families, working with children aged 0-8 and adults over 18. I help people struggling with PTSD, ASD, relationship breakdowns, family violence, parenting issues, disability, and more.
(03) 4240 3975 View (03) 4240 3975
Photo of Samuel Pyers, Social Worker, MA, AASW
Samuel Pyers
Social Worker, MA, AASW
1 Endorsed
Geelong, VIC 3220
I specialise in trauma therapy, using an integrated approach combining EMDR, parts work (IFS) and polyvagal theory to support clients to heal trauma. Through an understanding of the nervous system, mind and body we can heal a range of symptoms and move towards a more connected life. Some of these symptoms may include anxiety, stress, hyper-vigilance, panic, nightmares, flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, depression, numbness, brain fog, fatigue and negative self beliefs. My work with clients focuses on finding their innate human ability to heal and grow, using this to resolve these symptoms and recover from trauma.
I specialise in trauma therapy, using an integrated approach combining EMDR, parts work (IFS) and polyvagal theory to support clients to heal trauma. Through an understanding of the nervous system, mind and body we can heal a range of symptoms and move towards a more connected life. Some of these symptoms may include anxiety, stress, hyper-vigilance, panic, nightmares, flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, depression, numbness, brain fog, fatigue and negative self beliefs. My work with clients focuses on finding their innate human ability to heal and grow, using this to resolve these symptoms and recover from trauma.
(03) 4233 0216 View (03) 4233 0216

See more therapy options for Geelong

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Geelong, VIC

100+

Average cost per session

$170

Counsellors in Geelong, VIC who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
78% Depression
73% Stress
71% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
55% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Medicare Rebates
57% NDIS
47% Bupa

How Counsellors in Geelong, VIC see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
16% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Geelong?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.