Counselling in Elsternwick, VIC

Photo of Franco Greco - Your Psychologist, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Your Psychologist
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Hi, I’m Franco the founder of Your Psychologist. Are you are feeling stuck in a negative cycle in your life, work or relationships? Are you have been suffering from depression and anxiety for a long time? I have an approach to to help you experience the change, relief and lightness you’re looking for. As an accredited Schema Therapist, in my practice I focus on schema therapy. It is designed to help you change negative life patterns. So you can tackle what's holding you back in life, career and relationships. In schema therapy, I work together with you to address and modify these deeper life patterns.
Hi, I’m Franco the founder of Your Psychologist. Are you are feeling stuck in a negative cycle in your life, work or relationships? Are you have been suffering from depression and anxiety for a long time? I have an approach to to help you experience the change, relief and lightness you’re looking for. As an accredited Schema Therapist, in my practice I focus on schema therapy. It is designed to help you change negative life patterns. So you can tackle what's holding you back in life, career and relationships. In schema therapy, I work together with you to address and modify these deeper life patterns.
(03) 6144 9349 View (03) 6144 9349
Photo of Dr Sakshi Dhir, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Sakshi Dhir
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Sakshi is a Clinical Psychologist, and is accepting new clients. Sakshi's clients are often experiencing a range of difficulties, including symptoms of anxiety and low mood, difficulties stemming from past traumatic experiences, struggling with their sense of self, experiencing difficulties in regulating their emotions, or having challenges in their relationships. Some of Sakshi's clients also have established mental health diagnoses, and are ready to engage with therapy. Sakshi's clients are looking for a safe space to talk through their difficulties, and feel understood in the context of their past experiences and broader life.
Sakshi is a Clinical Psychologist, and is accepting new clients. Sakshi's clients are often experiencing a range of difficulties, including symptoms of anxiety and low mood, difficulties stemming from past traumatic experiences, struggling with their sense of self, experiencing difficulties in regulating their emotions, or having challenges in their relationships. Some of Sakshi's clients also have established mental health diagnoses, and are ready to engage with therapy. Sakshi's clients are looking for a safe space to talk through their difficulties, and feel understood in the context of their past experiences and broader life.
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Photo of Michelle Murray - Michelle Murray Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Michelle Murray Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
As a general psychologist Michelle enjoys supporting the mental health and wellbeing of individuals across the lifespan with a wide range of presenting issues, and is also specialising in perinatal psychology. She is passionate about helping women and parents to navigate the many complex challenges associated with becoming a parent, including everything from preconception, pregnancy, postpartum and beyond. She aims to promote understanding, acceptance and positive change by drawing on their strengths, and helping them move towards living a rich, full and meaningful life.
As a general psychologist Michelle enjoys supporting the mental health and wellbeing of individuals across the lifespan with a wide range of presenting issues, and is also specialising in perinatal psychology. She is passionate about helping women and parents to navigate the many complex challenges associated with becoming a parent, including everything from preconception, pregnancy, postpartum and beyond. She aims to promote understanding, acceptance and positive change by drawing on their strengths, and helping them move towards living a rich, full and meaningful life.
(03) 7003 2803 View (03) 7003 2803
Photo of Elizabeth Anile, Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L2
Elizabeth Anile
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
I work with individuals who feel stuck in patterns of anxiety, self-doubt, or overwhelm and are ready to explore what’s beneath the surface. They may face unresolved trauma, emotional struggles, or relationship challenges. They seek a safe, supportive space to gain clarity and untangle their feelings. Their goal is to feel balanced, connected to their true self, and empowered to navigate life with confidence. They’re motivated by a desire for growth and a deeper sense of peace, authenticity, and fulfillment.
I work with individuals who feel stuck in patterns of anxiety, self-doubt, or overwhelm and are ready to explore what’s beneath the surface. They may face unresolved trauma, emotional struggles, or relationship challenges. They seek a safe, supportive space to gain clarity and untangle their feelings. Their goal is to feel balanced, connected to their true self, and empowered to navigate life with confidence. They’re motivated by a desire for growth and a deeper sense of peace, authenticity, and fulfillment.
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Photo of Tracey R - Tracey - Your Inner Light, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L4
Tracey - Your Inner Light
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Hi! I'm a Holistic Counsellor, Sound Healing Practitioner and Nutrition, Health & Wellness Coach. I work with women and specialise in mind-body holistic wellbeing. My approach blends Psychology, Spirituality and Wellness with a social justice and systems lens. My gentle and relaxed approach assists you to understand the root cause of personal challenges through increasing awareness, compassion, connection and prioritising stress management & self-care.
Hi! I'm a Holistic Counsellor, Sound Healing Practitioner and Nutrition, Health & Wellness Coach. I work with women and specialise in mind-body holistic wellbeing. My approach blends Psychology, Spirituality and Wellness with a social justice and systems lens. My gentle and relaxed approach assists you to understand the root cause of personal challenges through increasing awareness, compassion, connection and prioritising stress management & self-care.
(03) 7003 2423 View (03) 7003 2423
Photo of Naomee Golluccio, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Naomee Golluccio
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
I am a registered psychologist with a Masters in Psychology. I value working collaboratively with clients to establish a warm and safe space for them to share their experience. My approach is client-focused and grounded in the belief that everyone has the capacity to make changes and grow. My practice is guided by the core principles of trauma-informed care, such as transparency, collaboration, empowerment, and safety; as well as continuing conscientiousness and empathy. I also have a therapy dog called Coco available for sessions.
I am a registered psychologist with a Masters in Psychology. I value working collaboratively with clients to establish a warm and safe space for them to share their experience. My approach is client-focused and grounded in the belief that everyone has the capacity to make changes and grow. My practice is guided by the core principles of trauma-informed care, such as transparency, collaboration, empowerment, and safety; as well as continuing conscientiousness and empathy. I also have a therapy dog called Coco available for sessions.
(03) 7003 2018 View (03) 7003 2018
Photo of Shoshana Blagin, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Shoshana Blagin
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Shoshana Blagin is a leading Melbourne-based clinical psychologist specialising in trauma recovery, chronic pain management, child and adolescent therapy and holistic mental health care. With over 15 years of experience, she empowers individuals of all ages to achieve emotional resilience, self-awareness, and personal growth through evidence-based and innovative therapeutic approaches. Shoshana Blagin is a highly skilled clinical psychologist dedicated to providing a compassionate and safe space for clients of all ages.
Shoshana Blagin is a leading Melbourne-based clinical psychologist specialising in trauma recovery, chronic pain management, child and adolescent therapy and holistic mental health care. With over 15 years of experience, she empowers individuals of all ages to achieve emotional resilience, self-awareness, and personal growth through evidence-based and innovative therapeutic approaches. Shoshana Blagin is a highly skilled clinical psychologist dedicated to providing a compassionate and safe space for clients of all ages.
(03) 7500 5954 View (03) 7500 5954
Photo of Jan Eppingstall, Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L2
Jan Eppingstall
Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Are you forever in dread of the doorbell? Do you feel overwhelmed by the way you’re living and wish you could let go of possessions so you can live a full life with less? Or are you ready to let go of a lost loved one's things but don't think you have the ability to handle the raw emotions it will raise? At times our possessions provide us with comfort, remind us of people who have past through our lives, or help us feel in control in a world of chaos and constant change. However, if you are spending hours of your day dealing with, thinking about, or accumulating possessions instead of doing other valuable activities you need help.
Are you forever in dread of the doorbell? Do you feel overwhelmed by the way you’re living and wish you could let go of possessions so you can live a full life with less? Or are you ready to let go of a lost loved one's things but don't think you have the ability to handle the raw emotions it will raise? At times our possessions provide us with comfort, remind us of people who have past through our lives, or help us feel in control in a world of chaos and constant change. However, if you are spending hours of your day dealing with, thinking about, or accumulating possessions instead of doing other valuable activities you need help.
(03) 8613 3453 View (03) 8613 3453
Photo of Monique Elise Zorzanello, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Monique Elise Zorzanello
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Monique conducted research on the personality trait of narcissism and this is where her interest in treating Personality Disorders was formed. Monique is passionate about treating trauma and Eating Disorders. She is currently working towards accreditation in Schema Therapy with the International Society of Schema Therapy and she is also working towards the Eating Disorder Credential with the Australian & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders (ANZAED).
Monique conducted research on the personality trait of narcissism and this is where her interest in treating Personality Disorders was formed. Monique is passionate about treating trauma and Eating Disorders. She is currently working towards accreditation in Schema Therapy with the International Society of Schema Therapy and she is also working towards the Eating Disorder Credential with the Australian & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders (ANZAED).
(03) 9523 7666 View (03) 9523 7666
Photo of Nicol Thomas, PhD
Nicol Thomas
PhD
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
I practice Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a talking work, or therapy, which aims to make an absolute difference to suffering. Lacan's psychoanalysis is based in the idea that the unconscious is structured like language. What you say reveals the unconscious processes that underlie any issues that are problematic for you, or recur. Psychoanalysis is the safe space where you can come to talk freely, without censorship and your analyst listens. There is no "correct" way to speak; the work of psychoanalysis is to find your own unique voice, especially of your unconscious.
I practice Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a talking work, or therapy, which aims to make an absolute difference to suffering. Lacan's psychoanalysis is based in the idea that the unconscious is structured like language. What you say reveals the unconscious processes that underlie any issues that are problematic for you, or recur. Psychoanalysis is the safe space where you can come to talk freely, without censorship and your analyst listens. There is no "correct" way to speak; the work of psychoanalysis is to find your own unique voice, especially of your unconscious.
(03) 7003 2391 View (03) 7003 2391
Photo of Dr Tanya Osicka, Psychologist, PsyBA - Health Psych.
Dr Tanya Osicka
Psychologist, PsyBA - Health Psych.
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
March 2025 update - now seeing seeing old and new clients at Elsternwick and via Telehealth. Dr Tanya Osicka is a Health Psychologist who has a strong interest in the interplay between physical health and psychological wellbeing; having experience in private practice, private hospital, research, oncology, IVF, and aged care psychology settings. Tanya has experience with a wide range of health conditions, and enjoys supporting individuals to live more fulfilling lives whilst managing their symptoms. She is also a Fertility Counsellor, and has a postgraduate qualification in Gerontology.
March 2025 update - now seeing seeing old and new clients at Elsternwick and via Telehealth. Dr Tanya Osicka is a Health Psychologist who has a strong interest in the interplay between physical health and psychological wellbeing; having experience in private practice, private hospital, research, oncology, IVF, and aged care psychology settings. Tanya has experience with a wide range of health conditions, and enjoys supporting individuals to live more fulfilling lives whilst managing their symptoms. She is also a Fertility Counsellor, and has a postgraduate qualification in Gerontology.
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Photo of Adam van Heerden - Inner Spark Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Inner Spark Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, I’m Adam. I’m a psychologist with experience working in community health clinics, schools, and the private sector. My approach is based on the belief that with the right support and awareness, people can navigate challenges, improve their mental health, and build more meaningful connections. I take the time to understand each person’s concerns in the context of their relationships, culture, identity, and life experiences.
Hi, I’m Adam. I’m a psychologist with experience working in community health clinics, schools, and the private sector. My approach is based on the belief that with the right support and awareness, people can navigate challenges, improve their mental health, and build more meaningful connections. I take the time to understand each person’s concerns in the context of their relationships, culture, identity, and life experiences.
0426 237 629 View 0426 237 629
Photo of Romi Kupfer, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Romi Kupfer
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
Romi is a counsellor and art therapist who specialises in supporting children, adolescents, young adults and parents. She aims to support clients in managing their emotions, transition periods and other challenges, to be able to live a meaningful and fulfilling life. Through consultations, clients will explore how to express themselves through artmaking, offering tools for navigating their mental wellbeing. Clients are not required to identify as an 'artist' or 'creative' person, rather she uses her expert skills in creativity to support her clients.
Romi is a counsellor and art therapist who specialises in supporting children, adolescents, young adults and parents. She aims to support clients in managing their emotions, transition periods and other challenges, to be able to live a meaningful and fulfilling life. Through consultations, clients will explore how to express themselves through artmaking, offering tools for navigating their mental wellbeing. Clients are not required to identify as an 'artist' or 'creative' person, rather she uses her expert skills in creativity to support her clients.
0421 172 330 View 0421 172 330
Photo of Matthew Briglia, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Matthew Briglia
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Matthew has gained experience working in private practice, public mental health and at sporting organisations. Matthew sees clients presenting with a range of concerns, including but not limited to depression, grief and bereavement, trauma, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Here, he focuses on providing a space for clients to express what is most pertinent to them, whilst proposing areas that he considers useful for intervention.
Matthew has gained experience working in private practice, public mental health and at sporting organisations. Matthew sees clients presenting with a range of concerns, including but not limited to depression, grief and bereavement, trauma, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Here, he focuses on providing a space for clients to express what is most pertinent to them, whilst proposing areas that he considers useful for intervention.
(03) 7003 2586 View (03) 7003 2586
TT Psychology
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
We are a specialised clinic in Elsternwick, with a team of Psychologists and a creative arts therapist. Our philosophy is to provide engaging, practical and supportive therapy specifically aimed at children, adolescence, young adults and parents dealing with a range of challenges. We provide both therapy and we also complete comprehensive assessments. We aim to create a safe and nurturing environment where we can support young people and their families to foster growth and development.
We are a specialised clinic in Elsternwick, with a team of Psychologists and a creative arts therapist. Our philosophy is to provide engaging, practical and supportive therapy specifically aimed at children, adolescence, young adults and parents dealing with a range of challenges. We provide both therapy and we also complete comprehensive assessments. We aim to create a safe and nurturing environment where we can support young people and their families to foster growth and development.
0499 876 567 View 0499 876 567
Photo of Izumi Yamaguchi, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Izumi Yamaguchi
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
Elsternwick, VIC 3185
I am passionate to help clients overcome their challenges and take meaningful steps toward a better future. By exploring clients' internal conflicts and working on underlying vulnerabilities, I assist clients in finding ways together to alleviate or solve them.
I am passionate to help clients overcome their challenges and take meaningful steps toward a better future. By exploring clients' internal conflicts and working on underlying vulnerabilities, I assist clients in finding ways together to alleviate or solve them.
(03) 7003 2420 View (03) 7003 2420
Photo of Orly Miller, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Orly Miller
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a psychologist dedicated to supporting healing and holistic wellbeing. I help individuals and couples navigate mental health challenges like anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, limerence, obsessive love, and parenting issues. My approach creates a safe, nurturing space to explore your concerns, address root causes, and build resilience. With a focus on the mind-body connection and evidence-based techniques, I empower you to cultivate self-awareness, overcome difficulties, and move toward a more fulfilling life.
I am a psychologist dedicated to supporting healing and holistic wellbeing. I help individuals and couples navigate mental health challenges like anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, limerence, obsessive love, and parenting issues. My approach creates a safe, nurturing space to explore your concerns, address root causes, and build resilience. With a focus on the mind-body connection and evidence-based techniques, I empower you to cultivate self-awareness, overcome difficulties, and move toward a more fulfilling life.
(03) 7003 2040 View (03) 7003 2040
Photo of Clarissa Martinez, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L4
Clarissa Martinez
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hello you may have arrived here in search of support and clarity or to understand some issues that may have had a profound impact within your life. If you are looking for support and guidance through a challenging situation or you’re just ready to move into a new direction in your life I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals. I work one on one with adults at my practice located in Brighton. The services I provide is an integrative mixture of Kinesiology, Counselling, Neurofeedback and Reiki therapy.
Hello you may have arrived here in search of support and clarity or to understand some issues that may have had a profound impact within your life. If you are looking for support and guidance through a challenging situation or you’re just ready to move into a new direction in your life I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals. I work one on one with adults at my practice located in Brighton. The services I provide is an integrative mixture of Kinesiology, Counselling, Neurofeedback and Reiki therapy.
(03) 7003 2286 View (03) 7003 2286
Photo of Marc Moskowitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Marc Moskowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am a Mental Health Social Worker, Counsellor and Psychotherapist working in private practice with adults. I have over 15 years of experience and training in mental health and qualifications in Psychology, Social Work, Counselling, and Gestalt Psychotherapy. I offer a supportive, empathetic and non-judgemental space. I work collaboratively with you to find ways through what is troubling you and to help you better understand yourself. ​
I am a Mental Health Social Worker, Counsellor and Psychotherapist working in private practice with adults. I have over 15 years of experience and training in mental health and qualifications in Psychology, Social Work, Counselling, and Gestalt Psychotherapy. I offer a supportive, empathetic and non-judgemental space. I work collaboratively with you to find ways through what is troubling you and to help you better understand yourself. ​
(03) 7003 2079 View (03) 7003 2079
Photo of Julian Andrew Thompson, Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Julian Andrew Thompson
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I feel passionate about helping people make meaningful, sustainable, and healthy changes in their lives. I aim to work respectfully and collaboratively with people so that clients build their own independence and develop ways to manage life stressors more effectively, in addition to their own thoughts, feelings and behaviours. A comfortable, empathetic and supportive therapeutic relationship is also very important in my approach, and research shows that this is essential in best outcomes for clients. I generally work on a wide range of mental health and life issues and the approaches I work with are all evidence-based interventions.
I feel passionate about helping people make meaningful, sustainable, and healthy changes in their lives. I aim to work respectfully and collaboratively with people so that clients build their own independence and develop ways to manage life stressors more effectively, in addition to their own thoughts, feelings and behaviours. A comfortable, empathetic and supportive therapeutic relationship is also very important in my approach, and research shows that this is essential in best outcomes for clients. I generally work on a wide range of mental health and life issues and the approaches I work with are all evidence-based interventions.
(03) 7003 2333 View (03) 7003 2333
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See more therapy options for Elsternwick

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Elsternwick, VIC

50+

Average cost per session

$205

Counsellors in Elsternwick, VIC who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
85% Self Esteem
84% Stress
82% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
76% Life Transitions
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Medicare Rebates
54% Bupa
43% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in Elsternwick, VIC see their clients

91% In Person and Online
9% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Elsternwick?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.