Counselling in Cranbourne West, VIC

Photo of Nav Sohal, AASW, Counsellor
Nav Sohal
Counsellor, AASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cranbourne West, VIC 3977
If you are looking for caring, safe and confidential support you are in the right place! I’m Nav. I’m Accredited Social Worker/ Counsellor and very passionate to work with people who are experiencing challenges in their life. I have over 15 years of experience with adults and teenagers, who have experienced mental health issues, family violence, relationship, trauma related issues, childhood trauma, anger management, PTSD, anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, BPD, grief and loss, parenting, workplace issues leading to trauma, and struggles in life.
If you are looking for caring, safe and confidential support you are in the right place! I’m Nav. I’m Accredited Social Worker/ Counsellor and very passionate to work with people who are experiencing challenges in their life. I have over 15 years of experience with adults and teenagers, who have experienced mental health issues, family violence, relationship, trauma related issues, childhood trauma, anger management, PTSD, anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, BPD, grief and loss, parenting, workplace issues leading to trauma, and struggles in life.
(03) 5905 9797 View (03) 5905 9797
Photo of Natasha Affonso, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Natasha Affonso
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Cranbourne West, VIC 3977  (Online Only)
I am passionate about journeying with people going through difficult times and helping them work towards their life goals. I provide counselling support in the area of complex trauma, addiction, grief and loss issues, mental health and relationship struggles. I have a trauma informed, person-centred approach and incorporate aspects of cognitive behaviour therapy, psychoeducation, acceptance commitment therapy and schema therapy into the counselling process.
I am passionate about journeying with people going through difficult times and helping them work towards their life goals. I provide counselling support in the area of complex trauma, addiction, grief and loss issues, mental health and relationship struggles. I have a trauma informed, person-centred approach and incorporate aspects of cognitive behaviour therapy, psychoeducation, acceptance commitment therapy and schema therapy into the counselling process.
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Photo of Kathleen Mills
Kathleen Mills
Verified Verified
Cranbourne West, VIC 3977
For reasons that I cannot explain, the more complex the clients needs, the more likely they are to find themselves on my doorstep. Commonly, I have clients tell me in their first session that 'they have many issues and no one else has ever been able to help them before' - this is generally an indication that we will build a lasting relationship. I am patient, very open-minded and laid back in my approach whilst still maintaining professionalism. If you fear therapy because of the overly clinical approach then you will find my way of forming a therapeutic alliance refreshing and endearing.
For reasons that I cannot explain, the more complex the clients needs, the more likely they are to find themselves on my doorstep. Commonly, I have clients tell me in their first session that 'they have many issues and no one else has ever been able to help them before' - this is generally an indication that we will build a lasting relationship. I am patient, very open-minded and laid back in my approach whilst still maintaining professionalism. If you fear therapy because of the overly clinical approach then you will find my way of forming a therapeutic alliance refreshing and endearing.
(03) 5909 9913 View (03) 5909 9913

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Edita Manak, MPsych, Psychologist
Edita Manak
Psychologist, MPsych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carrum Downs, VIC 3201
Edita has a special interest in supporting young people experiencing a range of difficulties, ranging from trauma, anxiety, depression, grief, bullying to explosive behaviour. Edita works from a neurodiversity affirming framework recognizing the importance of valuing differences in how our brains work. Edita recognizes that early support from a therapist can lead to long lasting changes in child’s life. Edita is passionate about helping children (and their families) achieve their best in terms of mental health and emotional well-being, and also creating supportive social networks. She feels strong about building positive partners
Edita has a special interest in supporting young people experiencing a range of difficulties, ranging from trauma, anxiety, depression, grief, bullying to explosive behaviour. Edita works from a neurodiversity affirming framework recognizing the importance of valuing differences in how our brains work. Edita recognizes that early support from a therapist can lead to long lasting changes in child’s life. Edita is passionate about helping children (and their families) achieve their best in terms of mental health and emotional well-being, and also creating supportive social networks. She feels strong about building positive partners
(08) 8514 9930 View (08) 8514 9930
Photo of Judith Szucs - Soul Centered Healing, ACA-L4, Counsellor
Soul Centered Healing
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Cranbourne, VIC 3977
My ideal client is someone that is requiring to address:- Anxiety, Depression, anxiety, pain, relationships challenges and or addiction. Seeking alternatives to medication. For the relief or healing of any emotional challenge or ailment. I am passionate about the relief of unnecessary suffering to support recovery from a peer perspective and create a sense of wellbeing. Alternate strategies beyond pharmaceutical medication and invasive surgery for recovery to wellbeing.
My ideal client is someone that is requiring to address:- Anxiety, Depression, anxiety, pain, relationships challenges and or addiction. Seeking alternatives to medication. For the relief or healing of any emotional challenge or ailment. I am passionate about the relief of unnecessary suffering to support recovery from a peer perspective and create a sense of wellbeing. Alternate strategies beyond pharmaceutical medication and invasive surgery for recovery to wellbeing.
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Photo of Alyona Cerfontyne, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Alyona Cerfontyne
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
I help couples and individuals re-discover their relationships and build stronger connections that bring joy and fulfilment. Instead of simply talking about issues you are dealing with, we will learn practical, effective communication tools that can transform your conversations and help you break through gridlocked issues. And if you feel disconnected from your partner, we will use research-based methods of strengthening your connection so that you can feel closer again.
I help couples and individuals re-discover their relationships and build stronger connections that bring joy and fulfilment. Instead of simply talking about issues you are dealing with, we will learn practical, effective communication tools that can transform your conversations and help you break through gridlocked issues. And if you feel disconnected from your partner, we will use research-based methods of strengthening your connection so that you can feel closer again.
(08) 9126 9144 View (08) 9126 9144
Photo of Jade Stubbs - Wonderings Counselling, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Wonderings Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
I work with clients experiencing a range of difficulties, I recognise that all clients are unique and therefore approach each and every session with genuineness, curiosity and a range of therapeutic interventions that I can draw on to support my clients. My specialty is working with Children, Adolescents, Mums and Bubs and Families. This client group can benefit from attachment-based interventions, relationship and communication skills as well as emotion regulation and psychoeducation.
I work with clients experiencing a range of difficulties, I recognise that all clients are unique and therefore approach each and every session with genuineness, curiosity and a range of therapeutic interventions that I can draw on to support my clients. My specialty is working with Children, Adolescents, Mums and Bubs and Families. This client group can benefit from attachment-based interventions, relationship and communication skills as well as emotion regulation and psychoeducation.
(03) 5907 5923 View (03) 5907 5923
Photo of Adam Kreuzer - Adam Kreuzer - Registered Therapist, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Adam Kreuzer - Registered Therapist
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Cranbourne, VIC 3977  (Online Only)
I create a safe and open space for my clients to therapeutically explore their issues, challenges and concerns. My ideal client is someone who is open to exploring the connections between their trauma and life experiences and how this has impacted their lives in positive and negative ways. I like to work with clients that are action and goal oriented, as I like to set homework tasks and brain training exercises to re-wire their thinking in a healthier and more functional way. I am very conversational and my clients like this approach to discussing areas of concern to them.
I create a safe and open space for my clients to therapeutically explore their issues, challenges and concerns. My ideal client is someone who is open to exploring the connections between their trauma and life experiences and how this has impacted their lives in positive and negative ways. I like to work with clients that are action and goal oriented, as I like to set homework tasks and brain training exercises to re-wire their thinking in a healthier and more functional way. I am very conversational and my clients like this approach to discussing areas of concern to them.
(03) 7020 2782 View (03) 7020 2782
Photo of Chaille Bos, MC, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Chaille Bos
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
Hello! I’m Chaille (Shay). I’ve spent most of the last decade living and working overseas away from friends and family, this taught me that there is nothing better than having a person who is your home and who will support you no matter what. I am very analytic and straight forward, but I’m also endlessly compassionate. More than anything, I want you to feel comfortable and safe when working with me. ​As a counsellor, my focus is on increasing quality of life. I help clients process their experiences in an environment of respect, help them feel heard, safe and validated. I offer evidence-based counselling for individuals and couples
Hello! I’m Chaille (Shay). I’ve spent most of the last decade living and working overseas away from friends and family, this taught me that there is nothing better than having a person who is your home and who will support you no matter what. I am very analytic and straight forward, but I’m also endlessly compassionate. More than anything, I want you to feel comfortable and safe when working with me. ​As a counsellor, my focus is on increasing quality of life. I help clients process their experiences in an environment of respect, help them feel heard, safe and validated. I offer evidence-based counselling for individuals and couples
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Photo of Natalie Anderson, MA, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Natalie Anderson
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
Hello, I offer inclusive counselling for young people, adults, couples and families who are dealing with complex transitions, relationship challenges and identity changes, or struggling with loss, grief and unresolved trauma. With professional and lived experience among a range of diverse communities, I understand that adjusting to these events can be complicated, and even more distressing without the right kind of emotional support. It can lead us to question our journey and undermine our ability to move forward in our lives. Together we can explore whatever is happening for you in a culturally safe and trauma-informed way.
Hello, I offer inclusive counselling for young people, adults, couples and families who are dealing with complex transitions, relationship challenges and identity changes, or struggling with loss, grief and unresolved trauma. With professional and lived experience among a range of diverse communities, I understand that adjusting to these events can be complicated, and even more distressing without the right kind of emotional support. It can lead us to question our journey and undermine our ability to move forward in our lives. Together we can explore whatever is happening for you in a culturally safe and trauma-informed way.
(03) 5910 1103 View (03) 5910 1103
Photo of Jasmine Fuller, MA, AThR, Counsellor
Jasmine Fuller
Counsellor, MA, AThR
Verified Verified
Cranbourne, VIC 3977
Hi there! I am a registered outreach Art Therapist and Counsellor who services the southeast, east and northeast suburbs. It’s my goal to help you achieve yours in a friendly and safe environment. I have current capacity, and will come to you :)
Hi there! I am a registered outreach Art Therapist and Counsellor who services the southeast, east and northeast suburbs. It’s my goal to help you achieve yours in a friendly and safe environment. I have current capacity, and will come to you :)
(03) 8400 0749 View (03) 8400 0749
Photo of Tina Rakovic - Liberty Psychology Services, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Liberty Psychology Services
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cranbourne, VIC 3977
Liberty Psychology Services offers NDIS and privately funded Psychology services. We cover a range of assessments, psychological interventions, counselling and group therapy which support both your NDIS & personal goals. Our therapists provide support to clients across the lifespan, including children, adolescents and adults. We also work collaboratively with families and carers. Our therapists work across the Barwon, West, East & South-East Melbourne regions. They are also able to offer telehealth services Australia-wide.
Liberty Psychology Services offers NDIS and privately funded Psychology services. We cover a range of assessments, psychological interventions, counselling and group therapy which support both your NDIS & personal goals. Our therapists provide support to clients across the lifespan, including children, adolescents and adults. We also work collaboratively with families and carers. Our therapists work across the Barwon, West, East & South-East Melbourne regions. They are also able to offer telehealth services Australia-wide.
(03) 4240 4132 View (03) 4240 4132
Photo of Mariane Fernando, Counsellor
Mariane Fernando
Counsellor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cranbourne, VIC 3977
I am a very capable and committed counsellor, and passionate about supporting clients to make a difference in their life through empowerment, reflection and understanding. Each person is unique and requires an individual approach in meeting his or her specific needs. You will feel connected, safe and heard in sessions with me, working collaboratively in a positive and uplifting environment. I am deeply committed to helping you overcome immediate concerns and skilled at using various therapies and techniques in a client-centred approach to provide you with the tools to grow and work towards living life to the fullest.
I am a very capable and committed counsellor, and passionate about supporting clients to make a difference in their life through empowerment, reflection and understanding. Each person is unique and requires an individual approach in meeting his or her specific needs. You will feel connected, safe and heard in sessions with me, working collaboratively in a positive and uplifting environment. I am deeply committed to helping you overcome immediate concerns and skilled at using various therapies and techniques in a client-centred approach to provide you with the tools to grow and work towards living life to the fullest.
(08) 9126 9492 View (08) 9126 9492
Photo of Ketura Bram - Transformative Place Counselling Service, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Transformative Place Counselling Service
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Cranbourne, VIC 3977  (Online Only)
Welcome, I'm Ketura, counsellor at Transformative Place Counselling Service. I specialise in working with individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder work on emotional regulation and trauma, but you do not have to have BPD to benefit from the services I offer. I encourage you to explore emotions, how you hold these and memories within your body, gaining awareness of your nervous system's language. To learn how to unlock and be with discomfort and unfamiliar thoughts, emotions, memories and to make new experiences, to tolerate and manage distress and integrate past trauma/experiences into the present and thrive
Welcome, I'm Ketura, counsellor at Transformative Place Counselling Service. I specialise in working with individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder work on emotional regulation and trauma, but you do not have to have BPD to benefit from the services I offer. I encourage you to explore emotions, how you hold these and memories within your body, gaining awareness of your nervous system's language. To learn how to unlock and be with discomfort and unfamiliar thoughts, emotions, memories and to make new experiences, to tolerate and manage distress and integrate past trauma/experiences into the present and thrive
(02) 4504 0282 View (02) 4504 0282
Photo of Dr Jessica Lee Leskowski, MBBS, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Dr Jessica Lee Leskowski
Psychotherapist, MBBS, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
I help women reclaim their voice, worth, and power after trauma. It is a sign of strength to reach out for support. If you are in need of a safe space to process big emotions, a grounding presence and tools to help bring your nervous system back into balance, or an ally to explore your deeper dreams and parts, I would be honoured to accompany you for the next part of your journey. I have been where you are and know that true transformative healing is possible. I teach the essential practices to restore safety and wellbeing.
I help women reclaim their voice, worth, and power after trauma. It is a sign of strength to reach out for support. If you are in need of a safe space to process big emotions, a grounding presence and tools to help bring your nervous system back into balance, or an ally to explore your deeper dreams and parts, I would be honoured to accompany you for the next part of your journey. I have been where you are and know that true transformative healing is possible. I teach the essential practices to restore safety and wellbeing.
(03) 5909 9330 View (03) 5909 9330
Photo of Sandy Curtayne, Counsellor
Sandy Curtayne
Counsellor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Skye, VIC 3977
If there is one thing I have learned over the 15 years I have been in practice it is that one therapy, one intervention, one mode of help will not suit every client. Every client is different and even the ones that believe they are complex or believe they might not be able to be helped are really just seeking someone to collaborate with. That's what I do with clients - collaborate to help them find a better way to navigate life, a way to feel better, a way to cope better. My clients are not a 'one size fits all', I see each one as an individual. As a clinician I see them as a person, not a process.
If there is one thing I have learned over the 15 years I have been in practice it is that one therapy, one intervention, one mode of help will not suit every client. Every client is different and even the ones that believe they are complex or believe they might not be able to be helped are really just seeking someone to collaborate with. That's what I do with clients - collaborate to help them find a better way to navigate life, a way to feel better, a way to cope better. My clients are not a 'one size fits all', I see each one as an individual. As a clinician I see them as a person, not a process.
(03) 5907 5979 View (03) 5907 5979
Photo of Benjamin Watkins, PACFA, Counsellor
Benjamin Watkins
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Carrum Downs, VIC 3201
Benjamin serves as the Director and lead counsellor at Watkins Therapy Group (WTG), a provider offering counselling services across Australia through telehealth and limited in-person sessions nationally. Based in Frankston, VIC, Benjamin conducts sessions both in-person and via telehealth, with convenient online booking available through the WTG website. Please note, our counselling services are self-funded as we do not participate in the Mental Health Care Plan (MHCP) or offer Medicare rebates in Australia.
Benjamin serves as the Director and lead counsellor at Watkins Therapy Group (WTG), a provider offering counselling services across Australia through telehealth and limited in-person sessions nationally. Based in Frankston, VIC, Benjamin conducts sessions both in-person and via telehealth, with convenient online booking available through the WTG website. Please note, our counselling services are self-funded as we do not participate in the Mental Health Care Plan (MHCP) or offer Medicare rebates in Australia.
(03) 5909 9631 View (03) 5909 9631
Photo of Angela Donohue, PhD, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Angela Donohue
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
As a parent of Neurodivergent children, and Psychologist with Family Therapy training (Bouverie Centre), I aim to work with the family system to support children, adolescents and families to solve the puzzle that is family life! As a mother of 4 teens through to young adults, and with a long history of working with adolescents, I have a wealth of experience. I can assist with all issues and challenges for families - whether it be school-based issues, Anxiety, Depression, Interpersonal Issues, OCD, Seeking support with ADHD or Autism - I am here and can provide support to you or your family member.
As a parent of Neurodivergent children, and Psychologist with Family Therapy training (Bouverie Centre), I aim to work with the family system to support children, adolescents and families to solve the puzzle that is family life! As a mother of 4 teens through to young adults, and with a long history of working with adolescents, I have a wealth of experience. I can assist with all issues and challenges for families - whether it be school-based issues, Anxiety, Depression, Interpersonal Issues, OCD, Seeking support with ADHD or Autism - I am here and can provide support to you or your family member.
(03) 5910 5013 View (03) 5910 5013
Photo of Suzanne Margaret Lee - Cardinia Equine Assisted Counselling and Learning , ACA-L2, Counsellor
Cardinia Equine Assisted Counselling and Learning
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cranbourne, VIC 3977
Equine and Animal Assisted Psychotherapy is an innovative approach to clinical practice and psychotherapy where clients are invited into safe relational experiences with horses and animals to address therapeutic goals. This is engaging and effective for diverse clients including adults, children, adolescents, organisations, and specialist client groups.
Equine and Animal Assisted Psychotherapy is an innovative approach to clinical practice and psychotherapy where clients are invited into safe relational experiences with horses and animals to address therapeutic goals. This is engaging and effective for diverse clients including adults, children, adolescents, organisations, and specialist client groups.
(03) 5907 5795 View (03) 5907 5795
Photo of Melissa Rowe, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Rowe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Langwarrin, VIC 3910
Hi! I'm an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker with 2 decades experience working with a variety of clients. I work with children, adolescents, families and also individuals and in particular women. I work in a holistic manner; not only do I recognise the mind body connection but also acknowledges the system in which the child or family functions, never looking at a behaviour or symptom in isolation. I support individuals to overcome challenges in their lives, from relationships to navigating life transitions.
Hi! I'm an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker with 2 decades experience working with a variety of clients. I work with children, adolescents, families and also individuals and in particular women. I work in a holistic manner; not only do I recognise the mind body connection but also acknowledges the system in which the child or family functions, never looking at a behaviour or symptom in isolation. I support individuals to overcome challenges in their lives, from relationships to navigating life transitions.
(03) 5905 9745 View (03) 5905 9745

See more therapy options for Cranbourne West

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Cranbourne West, VIC

< 10

Counsellors in Cranbourne West, VIC who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Family Conflict
100% Peer Relationships
100% Self Esteem
67% Addiction

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Other
50% Bupa
50% Mildura

How Counsellors in Cranbourne West, VIC see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Cranbourne West?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.