Psychologists and Therapists in Chadstone, VIC

Photo of Maria Machado - Anxiety, Depression, Grief & Loss, Trauma Informed, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Anxiety, Depression, Grief & Loss, Trauma Informed
Counsellor, ACA-L2
3 Endorsed
Chadstone, VIC 3148
My name is Maria Machado, and I am a Principal Counsellor & Registered with ACA. I specialise in anxiety and trauma work. Over the years, I treated several clients experiencing generalized & chronic anxiety, particularly associated with panic attacks and social anxiety. Supported them to overcome their anxiety and fear that can usually paralyse you to enjoy your daily life.
My name is Maria Machado, and I am a Principal Counsellor & Registered with ACA. I specialise in anxiety and trauma work. Over the years, I treated several clients experiencing generalized & chronic anxiety, particularly associated with panic attacks and social anxiety. Supported them to overcome their anxiety and fear that can usually paralyse you to enjoy your daily life.
(03) 8771 5714 View (03) 8771 5714
Photo of Sharon Lee - Good Minds, Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Good Minds
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Online Only
Are you looking for a psychologist with low gap fees or even Bulk Billing without wait times which could go on for months? Are you dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues (+ others) and have been on a waitlist and it's taking forever to see someone? We're here to assist you by providing Telehealth therapy via online or phone with $0 to low gap fees. Better yet, you can see someone in the team either this week, or next! We have a team of multi-cultural psychologists who can help you deal with a whole range of issues so get in contact with us ASAP!
Are you looking for a psychologist with low gap fees or even Bulk Billing without wait times which could go on for months? Are you dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues (+ others) and have been on a waitlist and it's taking forever to see someone? We're here to assist you by providing Telehealth therapy via online or phone with $0 to low gap fees. Better yet, you can see someone in the team either this week, or next! We have a team of multi-cultural psychologists who can help you deal with a whole range of issues so get in contact with us ASAP!
(07) 2100 4330 View (07) 2100 4330
Photo of Kara Lee John, Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Kara Lee John
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I specialise in trauma informed care and have a deep understanding of the complex and long-lasting impacts it can have on you. In some cases, therapy itself can be a source of more trauma. Your safety is my highest priority as we work together and empower you to have a say in how we approach your symptoms. There is no one size fits all and so with your feedback, we will find the best suited interventions for you.
I specialise in trauma informed care and have a deep understanding of the complex and long-lasting impacts it can have on you. In some cases, therapy itself can be a source of more trauma. Your safety is my highest priority as we work together and empower you to have a say in how we approach your symptoms. There is no one size fits all and so with your feedback, we will find the best suited interventions for you.
(03) 7500 5629 View (03) 7500 5629
Photo of Daniela Petrovic - Soul Village Therapy, Psychotherapist, ACA-L4
Soul Village Therapy
Psychotherapist, ACA-L4
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I provide online therapy for highly sensitive people and for those with trauma and general concerns, in a safe container 1:1 in the form of psychotherapy and holistic counselling. I understand the challenges that come with being a sensitive person in a fast-paced world, and I’m here to support you in finding your own path to peace and self-acceptance. My work is not just about addressing immediate concerns like anxiety, depression, or life transitions, but about empowering you to embrace who you are at your core.​
I provide online therapy for highly sensitive people and for those with trauma and general concerns, in a safe container 1:1 in the form of psychotherapy and holistic counselling. I understand the challenges that come with being a sensitive person in a fast-paced world, and I’m here to support you in finding your own path to peace and self-acceptance. My work is not just about addressing immediate concerns like anxiety, depression, or life transitions, but about empowering you to embrace who you are at your core.​
(03) 8771 4554 View (03) 8771 4554
Photo of Alexander Thornton, Psychologist, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Alexander Thornton
Psychologist, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
I offer an eclectic and integrated approach to helping client's to successfully manage their lives. I am deeply committed to drawing-out the client's own innate potential to respond to their challenges. I firmly believe the 'obstacle is the way'. Rebates are available for clients with mental health treatment plans from their GP. More information available at www.stillpointpsychology.com.au
I offer an eclectic and integrated approach to helping client's to successfully manage their lives. I am deeply committed to drawing-out the client's own innate potential to respond to their challenges. I firmly believe the 'obstacle is the way'. Rebates are available for clients with mental health treatment plans from their GP. More information available at www.stillpointpsychology.com.au
(03) 9068 5682 View (03) 9068 5682
Photo of Nasia Outsikas, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Nasia Outsikas
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
You might feel overwhelmed, stuck in patterns you don’t fully understand, or unsure how to move forward. Maybe you’re dealing with anxiety, people pleasing, overthinking, or feeling like you’ve lost touch with who you are. It’s likely you’re carrying more than most people realise. I’m a psychologist who helps people work through trauma, relationship struggles, risky behaviours, and major life transitions. Therapy with me is about creating a safe space to unpack what’s going on and start feeling like the version of yourself you want to be.
You might feel overwhelmed, stuck in patterns you don’t fully understand, or unsure how to move forward. Maybe you’re dealing with anxiety, people pleasing, overthinking, or feeling like you’ve lost touch with who you are. It’s likely you’re carrying more than most people realise. I’m a psychologist who helps people work through trauma, relationship struggles, risky behaviours, and major life transitions. Therapy with me is about creating a safe space to unpack what’s going on and start feeling like the version of yourself you want to be.
(03) 8203 5929 View (03) 8203 5929
Photo of Winnie Lau - Bayside Counselling & Consultation (Wheelers Hill), Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Bayside Counselling & Consultation (Wheelers Hill)
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Bayside Counselling and Consultation provides psychological support to private and government organisations through Employment Assistance Programs. Our team includes Psychologists and Mental Health Social Worker experienced in the provision of work-based mediation, critical incident debriefing, trauma-focused therapy, the effects of substance abuse in the workplace, anger management, and increasing work attendance and satisfaction. Private counselling is also available in our practice.
Bayside Counselling and Consultation provides psychological support to private and government organisations through Employment Assistance Programs. Our team includes Psychologists and Mental Health Social Worker experienced in the provision of work-based mediation, critical incident debriefing, trauma-focused therapy, the effects of substance abuse in the workplace, anger management, and increasing work attendance and satisfaction. Private counselling is also available in our practice.
(03) 9034 6183 View (03) 9034 6183
Photo of Nina Stevanovic - Nina Stevanovic Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Nina Stevanovic Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Welcome to my therapy space! I am particularly interested in helping women overcome perfectionism, people pleasing, self-worth challenges and body dissatisfaction. I love to help women explore all the different parts of who they are and who they want to become, through dismantling old stories and belief patterns, and identifying new ways of being. I also offer a space where women are able to discuss sexuality and delve into taboo topics, if that is something that they wish to explore.
Welcome to my therapy space! I am particularly interested in helping women overcome perfectionism, people pleasing, self-worth challenges and body dissatisfaction. I love to help women explore all the different parts of who they are and who they want to become, through dismantling old stories and belief patterns, and identifying new ways of being. I also offer a space where women are able to discuss sexuality and delve into taboo topics, if that is something that they wish to explore.
(03) 7500 5471 View (03) 7500 5471
Photo of Dr Andrea Sadusky, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Ed. Psych.
Dr Andrea Sadusky
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Ed. Psych.
Serves Area
Hi, I’m Andrea. I feel incredibly privileged to support people through the ups and downs of life. No one makes it through without facing pain, frustration, anxiety, or uncertainty. But these challenges can be a doorway to growth. In our work together, I’ll help you explore what matters most, navigate the tough moments, and move toward a life that feels more joyful, meaningful, and aligned with your values. Whether you're feeling stuck, burnt out, or at a crossroads, you don’t have to go it alone.
Hi, I’m Andrea. I feel incredibly privileged to support people through the ups and downs of life. No one makes it through without facing pain, frustration, anxiety, or uncertainty. But these challenges can be a doorway to growth. In our work together, I’ll help you explore what matters most, navigate the tough moments, and move toward a life that feels more joyful, meaningful, and aligned with your values. Whether you're feeling stuck, burnt out, or at a crossroads, you don’t have to go it alone.
(03) 7500 5839 View (03) 7500 5839
Photo of Aphrodite Papageorgiou, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Aphrodite Papageorgiou
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I'm a Clinical Psychologist with 18+ years across public/private mental health settings. You might be feeling stuck, overwhelmed or not quite like yourself lately. Maybe you're caught in patterns of people-pleasing or avoiding past joys. Perhaps you're tired of anxious thoughts on repeat or replaying past hurts. You want to feel more confident, lighter, clearer, trust your instincts & feel more like yourself again, to actually enjoy life rather than just getting by. With my warm, grounded & practical approach, I use EMDR & other methods to help you reconnect with your strength, gain clarity & move forward with genuine confidence.
I'm a Clinical Psychologist with 18+ years across public/private mental health settings. You might be feeling stuck, overwhelmed or not quite like yourself lately. Maybe you're caught in patterns of people-pleasing or avoiding past joys. Perhaps you're tired of anxious thoughts on repeat or replaying past hurts. You want to feel more confident, lighter, clearer, trust your instincts & feel more like yourself again, to actually enjoy life rather than just getting by. With my warm, grounded & practical approach, I use EMDR & other methods to help you reconnect with your strength, gain clarity & move forward with genuine confidence.
(03) 7500 5751 View (03) 7500 5751
Photo of Sylvie Braverman, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Sylvie Braverman
Psychotherapist, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a registered clinical counsellor. I use Emotion-Focused Therapy as my main mode of practice. EFT is Person Centred/Humanistic. It is based on the Attachment and Identity theory. It also means that in therapy, I prioritise working on emotions. You may have learned to avoid and suppress your feelings, or they may have overwhelmed you. In therapy, I aim to support you in befriending and welcoming your feelings so they become a resource as they are meant to be and not a hindrance.
I am a registered clinical counsellor. I use Emotion-Focused Therapy as my main mode of practice. EFT is Person Centred/Humanistic. It is based on the Attachment and Identity theory. It also means that in therapy, I prioritise working on emotions. You may have learned to avoid and suppress your feelings, or they may have overwhelmed you. In therapy, I aim to support you in befriending and welcoming your feelings so they become a resource as they are meant to be and not a hindrance.
(03) 9069 9726 View (03) 9069 9726
Photo of Marie Mandicos, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Marie Mandicos
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Marie offers a warm, empathic and collaborative approach to psychotherapy and utilises evidence-based treatments to support individuals to reach their identified goals. She has 7-years experience working with a wide range of presentations in community and private mental health sectors. She is most passionate about supporting people to understand, process and manage their emotions in a healthy way. She works mostly with anxiety, borderline personality disorder, depression, relationship problems, life transitions and stress. She supports teenagers (17-years and above) and adults. Marie also offers online and face-to-face groups.
Marie offers a warm, empathic and collaborative approach to psychotherapy and utilises evidence-based treatments to support individuals to reach their identified goals. She has 7-years experience working with a wide range of presentations in community and private mental health sectors. She is most passionate about supporting people to understand, process and manage their emotions in a healthy way. She works mostly with anxiety, borderline personality disorder, depression, relationship problems, life transitions and stress. She supports teenagers (17-years and above) and adults. Marie also offers online and face-to-face groups.
(03) 7500 5990 View (03) 7500 5990
Photo of Dr Carli Growcott, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Carli Growcott
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
Does your child or young person need help? I have more than 25 years experience in supporting families with children and young people who have emotional and behavioural issues. I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist with a Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Honours) and a Doctor of Psychology (Clinical Child, Family and Adolescent). I’ve worked in a number of different settings including mental health services, schools and community health. I have a passion for working with primary school aged children who experience anxiety.
Does your child or young person need help? I have more than 25 years experience in supporting families with children and young people who have emotional and behavioural issues. I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist with a Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Honours) and a Doctor of Psychology (Clinical Child, Family and Adolescent). I’ve worked in a number of different settings including mental health services, schools and community health. I have a passion for working with primary school aged children who experience anxiety.
0474 830 170 View 0474 830 170
Photo of Naomi Apai, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Naomi Apai
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Online Only
Many women reach a point where anxiety, stress, responsibilities and life transitions start to feel overwhelming. You might be holding everything together on the outside while feeling anxious, exhausted or unsure how to move forward. If you’re looking for a compassionate space to explore your thoughts and emotions, you’re in the right place. I work with women experiencing anxiety, stress, burnout, relationship challenges and major life transitions. Together we can explore what’s happening beneath the surface and begin to make sense of patterns that may be leaving you feeling overwhelmed or stuck.
Many women reach a point where anxiety, stress, responsibilities and life transitions start to feel overwhelming. You might be holding everything together on the outside while feeling anxious, exhausted or unsure how to move forward. If you’re looking for a compassionate space to explore your thoughts and emotions, you’re in the right place. I work with women experiencing anxiety, stress, burnout, relationship challenges and major life transitions. Together we can explore what’s happening beneath the surface and begin to make sense of patterns that may be leaving you feeling overwhelmed or stuck.
(02) 5017 3018 View (02) 5017 3018
Photo of Samantha Paranavitana, MA
Samantha Paranavitana
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hi! I am Samantha, I am passionate about creating the space for people to discover their self belief,resillience, inner strength and improve their relationships. If you have been dealing with overwhelm,anxiety and depression for awhile you may have experienced a growing fear that change isnt possible for you. I understand. I am a Clinical Counsellor, Core Process psychotherapist,Craniosacral Therapist. NeuroAffective Touch graduate,I have a strong background in yoga and minfulness meditation. I use all of these skills and lived experience to guide you to rediscover the best version of you. Take the first step and reach out today!
Hi! I am Samantha, I am passionate about creating the space for people to discover their self belief,resillience, inner strength and improve their relationships. If you have been dealing with overwhelm,anxiety and depression for awhile you may have experienced a growing fear that change isnt possible for you. I understand. I am a Clinical Counsellor, Core Process psychotherapist,Craniosacral Therapist. NeuroAffective Touch graduate,I have a strong background in yoga and minfulness meditation. I use all of these skills and lived experience to guide you to rediscover the best version of you. Take the first step and reach out today!
(03) 7500 5865 View (03) 7500 5865
Photo of Kate Rooney, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Kate Rooney
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Serves Area
Hi, I'm Kate, an experienced Clinical Psychologist who is passionate about empowering children, teens and their families to navigate emotional challenges, harness their strengths and develop new skills for a brighter, more resilient future. I have extensive experience in private and public mental health settings and have been privileged to work with children and teens who are struggling with a broad range of emotional, social, behavioural, developmental and/or relational difficulties.
Hi, I'm Kate, an experienced Clinical Psychologist who is passionate about empowering children, teens and their families to navigate emotional challenges, harness their strengths and develop new skills for a brighter, more resilient future. I have extensive experience in private and public mental health settings and have been privileged to work with children and teens who are struggling with a broad range of emotional, social, behavioural, developmental and/or relational difficulties.
0425 154 318 View 0425 154 318
Photo of Sundas Rehman, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Sundas Rehman
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Welcome to Internal Sunshine, where we embrace a holistic approach to your well-being, valuing every facet of who you are – your mind, body, soul, and social connections. Here, we understand that your spiritual beliefs, values, and sense of purpose are integral parts of your journey. Our therapy is grounded in anti-racism, affirming principles, and deep respect for your experiences and resilience. We're also committed to a neuroaffirming practice in therapy, which means we recognize and celebrate the diverse ways individuals process and engage with the world.
Welcome to Internal Sunshine, where we embrace a holistic approach to your well-being, valuing every facet of who you are – your mind, body, soul, and social connections. Here, we understand that your spiritual beliefs, values, and sense of purpose are integral parts of your journey. Our therapy is grounded in anti-racism, affirming principles, and deep respect for your experiences and resilience. We're also committed to a neuroaffirming practice in therapy, which means we recognize and celebrate the diverse ways individuals process and engage with the world.
(03) 7500 5089 View (03) 7500 5089
Photo of Kate Hill - The Play Therapy Studio , Counsellor, AASW
The Play Therapy Studio
Counsellor, AASW
Serves Area
EMDR & Play Therapy sessions can be really impactful way of helping you connect with your child to work through inner feelings, and process what might be challenging in your relationship. It is often really tough for children to express what's going on for them using words, and this is often why they find ways to communicate with us through their behaviour. This can feel scary and overwhelming for us as caregivers, who may just be needing things to become a little easier at home. I also offer EMDR to children and adolescents - allowing young people to safely process their internal needs and worries meaningfully.
EMDR & Play Therapy sessions can be really impactful way of helping you connect with your child to work through inner feelings, and process what might be challenging in your relationship. It is often really tough for children to express what's going on for them using words, and this is often why they find ways to communicate with us through their behaviour. This can feel scary and overwhelming for us as caregivers, who may just be needing things to become a little easier at home. I also offer EMDR to children and adolescents - allowing young people to safely process their internal needs and worries meaningfully.
(03) 7500 5114 View (03) 7500 5114
Photo of Cristian John Acciarito, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Cristian John Acciarito
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I have experience working with a variety of presentations, and has worked with adults and adolescents on issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, self-esteem, resilience, assertiveness, coping, sleep issues, drug and alcohol issues, and addictive behaviours. Please feel free to reach out for a brief conversation to see if I'm the right fit for you.
I have experience working with a variety of presentations, and has worked with adults and adolescents on issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, self-esteem, resilience, assertiveness, coping, sleep issues, drug and alcohol issues, and addictive behaviours. Please feel free to reach out for a brief conversation to see if I'm the right fit for you.
(02) 4504 0240 View (02) 4504 0240
Photo of Tanja Ben-Meir, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Tanja Ben-Meir
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Serves Area
I enjoy working with individuals and couples and have a passion for empowering you on your path forward. Many of my clients are navigating couples / relationship dynamics or are processing lingering impacts of past experiences. Often high-functioning and thoughtful, they find themselves stuck between who they are and who they want to be. If you are hoping to feel more secure in yourself and/or your relationships, if you are seeking to reconnect or find meaning, if you are looking to learn to respond to life's challenges with greater clarity and confidence, I can support you on your journey.
I enjoy working with individuals and couples and have a passion for empowering you on your path forward. Many of my clients are navigating couples / relationship dynamics or are processing lingering impacts of past experiences. Often high-functioning and thoughtful, they find themselves stuck between who they are and who they want to be. If you are hoping to feel more secure in yourself and/or your relationships, if you are seeking to reconnect or find meaning, if you are looking to learn to respond to life's challenges with greater clarity and confidence, I can support you on your journey.
(03) 9118 9020 View (03) 9118 9020

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Psychologists and Therapists in Chadstone, VIC

30+

Average cost per session

$180

Psychologists and Therapists in Chadstone, VIC who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
84% Depression
78% Self Esteem
76% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
76% Stress
54% Parenting

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% Medicare Rebates
54% Bupa
54% Medibank Private

How Psychologists and Therapists in Chadstone, VIC see their clients

92% In Person and Online
8% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Chadstone?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.