Psychologists and Therapists in Carnegie, VIC

Photo of Celina Umow, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Celina Umow
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Carnegie, VIC 3163
Navigating the inevitable challenges in life can often feel difficult and isolating, causing stress and overwhelm. Through gentle talk therapy and a collaborative and empowering approach, my hope is to support those struggling with their emotional load. As a counselling psychotherapist, I offer a safe space where you can feel free to share your stories, thoughts, and feelings without fear of judgement. By listening with an open mind and warm heart, my aim is to ensure you feel seen, heard, and understood, and to help you reframe your internal dialogue whilst softening your inner critic.
Navigating the inevitable challenges in life can often feel difficult and isolating, causing stress and overwhelm. Through gentle talk therapy and a collaborative and empowering approach, my hope is to support those struggling with their emotional load. As a counselling psychotherapist, I offer a safe space where you can feel free to share your stories, thoughts, and feelings without fear of judgement. By listening with an open mind and warm heart, my aim is to ensure you feel seen, heard, and understood, and to help you reframe your internal dialogue whilst softening your inner critic.
(03) 7500 5634 View (03) 7500 5634
Photo of James A Traugott
James A Traugott
Verified Verified
Carnegie, VIC 3163
James is a Psychologist and Couples Therapist. He holds a double degree in Psychology, graduating with Honours. He is a member of the Australian Psychological Society as well as the College of Organisational Psychologists. James works with diverse and minority populations and offers a therapeutic relationship that provides a secure place of value, appreciation, and challenge. He runs an evidence-based practice focusing on practical solutions towards client goals.
James is a Psychologist and Couples Therapist. He holds a double degree in Psychology, graduating with Honours. He is a member of the Australian Psychological Society as well as the College of Organisational Psychologists. James works with diverse and minority populations and offers a therapeutic relationship that provides a secure place of value, appreciation, and challenge. He runs an evidence-based practice focusing on practical solutions towards client goals.
(03) 7003 2612 View (03) 7003 2612
Photo of Lindy Noblet, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Lindy Noblet
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Carnegie, VIC 3163
Not accepting new clients
Are you looking for a warm and engaging approach to therapy? I enjoy the experiential nature of therapy working in the ‘here and now’ in the context of a supportive and respectful therapeutic relationship. My approach is flexible and collaborative.
Are you looking for a warm and engaging approach to therapy? I enjoy the experiential nature of therapy working in the ‘here and now’ in the context of a supportive and respectful therapeutic relationship. My approach is flexible and collaborative.
View
Photo of Tania Wallace, Psychologist, MA, MAPS
Tania Wallace
Psychologist, MA, MAPS
Carnegie, VIC 3163
I am an experienced Counselling and Clinical Psychologist practising in a peaceful residential setting. I offer a warm, calm and reflective space to explore your thoughts, feelings and emotions. I encourage acceptance of life's challenges and together we can find a way towards greater fulfillment of your goals.
I am an experienced Counselling and Clinical Psychologist practising in a peaceful residential setting. I offer a warm, calm and reflective space to explore your thoughts, feelings and emotions. I encourage acceptance of life's challenges and together we can find a way towards greater fulfillment of your goals.
(03) 8771 4018 View (03) 8771 4018
Photo of Eleanor Roche, Counsellor, MC, PACFA
Eleanor Roche
Counsellor, MC, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
As a trauma therapist and multidisciplinary artist, I work at the intersection of relational healing, neuroscience, creativity, and cultural identity. My practice supports people navigating trauma, relationship patterns, and disconnection—from themselves, others and what gives them meaning in life; their values. I specialise in working with complex trauma, often rooted in experiences of intimate family violence, cultural rupture and developmental trauma. At the heart of my work is bringing emotion and memory together with the body, science, and creativity.
As a trauma therapist and multidisciplinary artist, I work at the intersection of relational healing, neuroscience, creativity, and cultural identity. My practice supports people navigating trauma, relationship patterns, and disconnection—from themselves, others and what gives them meaning in life; their values. I specialise in working with complex trauma, often rooted in experiences of intimate family violence, cultural rupture and developmental trauma. At the heart of my work is bringing emotion and memory together with the body, science, and creativity.
(03) 8771 4915 View (03) 8771 4915
Photo of Corinne Mescher, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Corinne Mescher
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
With 15 years of dedicated experience as a psychologist, I am deeply committed to providing therapeutic support to adolescents and adults. My practice is built upon a foundation of comprehensive experience, working with a diverse clientele representing all walks of life. This breadth of experience has equipped me to address a wide spectrum of psychological challenges, including Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, Traumatic Incidents, Specific Fears and Phobias. I can also provide ADHD and Autism assessments and post-diagnosis psychological support. I accept WorkCover, NDIS and Medicare.
With 15 years of dedicated experience as a psychologist, I am deeply committed to providing therapeutic support to adolescents and adults. My practice is built upon a foundation of comprehensive experience, working with a diverse clientele representing all walks of life. This breadth of experience has equipped me to address a wide spectrum of psychological challenges, including Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, Traumatic Incidents, Specific Fears and Phobias. I can also provide ADHD and Autism assessments and post-diagnosis psychological support. I accept WorkCover, NDIS and Medicare.
(03) 9118 9089 View (03) 9118 9089
Photo of Dr Maddy Fernando, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Maddy Fernando
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
Hi, I’m Maddy—a senior clinical psychologist helping children, young people, and adults create lives that feel steadier, more connected, and more fulfilling. With younger clients, I use playful, creative approaches to make therapy engaging; with adults, our work is reflective, practical, and empowering. I help with common challenges like anxiety, low mood, stress, and adjusting to major life changes, as well as more complex concerns including trauma recovery, navigating neurodivergence (i.e ADHD, autism), borderline personality disorder, eating disorders, and obsessive or compulsive behaviours—focusing on meaningful, lasting change.
Hi, I’m Maddy—a senior clinical psychologist helping children, young people, and adults create lives that feel steadier, more connected, and more fulfilling. With younger clients, I use playful, creative approaches to make therapy engaging; with adults, our work is reflective, practical, and empowering. I help with common challenges like anxiety, low mood, stress, and adjusting to major life changes, as well as more complex concerns including trauma recovery, navigating neurodivergence (i.e ADHD, autism), borderline personality disorder, eating disorders, and obsessive or compulsive behaviours—focusing on meaningful, lasting change.
0426 415 617 View 0426 415 617
Photo of Dimity Cowell, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Dimity Cowell
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Dimity is a warm and collaborative psychologist who is passionate about supporting children, adolescents, and their families. She has worked across community organisations, public mental health, and schools, and brings a gentle, neuro-affirming approach to all her therapeutic work. Dimity is experienced in supporting young people with trauma histories, low mood, anxiety, school refusal, eating and feeding challenges, and a wide range of behavioural and emotional differences.
Dimity is a warm and collaborative psychologist who is passionate about supporting children, adolescents, and their families. She has worked across community organisations, public mental health, and schools, and brings a gentle, neuro-affirming approach to all her therapeutic work. Dimity is experienced in supporting young people with trauma histories, low mood, anxiety, school refusal, eating and feeding challenges, and a wide range of behavioural and emotional differences.
(03) 7500 5306 View (03) 7500 5306
Ren Solomon
Counsellor, MC, PACFA
Serves Area
Do you often feel overwhelmed by the mental load of everyday life, struggling to keep on top of things even though you’re trying your best? You might be navigating anxiety, burnout, executive functioning challenges like focus, organisation, or time blindness, or the emotional impact of hormonal changes such as PMDD, perimenopause, or menopause. You may or may not have an ADHD diagnosis, but you recognise these patterns in yourself. What you’re looking for is understanding, practical strategies, and a supportive space to slow down, make sense of things, and move forward with more clarity and confidence.
Do you often feel overwhelmed by the mental load of everyday life, struggling to keep on top of things even though you’re trying your best? You might be navigating anxiety, burnout, executive functioning challenges like focus, organisation, or time blindness, or the emotional impact of hormonal changes such as PMDD, perimenopause, or menopause. You may or may not have an ADHD diagnosis, but you recognise these patterns in yourself. What you’re looking for is understanding, practical strategies, and a supportive space to slow down, make sense of things, and move forward with more clarity and confidence.
0438 951 753 View 0438 951 753
Photo of Natalia Whiteman, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA Endorsed
Natalia Whiteman
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello, I am deeply passionate about supporting children, adolescents, and families through life’s challenges. My professional experience—combined with personal insight as a parent of a child with Autism—has shaped my commitment to working with neurodiverse individuals, including those with Autism and ADHD. I find great fulfilment in providing counselling to children, teens, and their parents, offering compassionate and practical support across a range of concerns. These include behavioural challenges, emotional regulation, grief and loss, learning difficulties, school refusal, anxiety, and mood-related difficulties.
Hello, I am deeply passionate about supporting children, adolescents, and families through life’s challenges. My professional experience—combined with personal insight as a parent of a child with Autism—has shaped my commitment to working with neurodiverse individuals, including those with Autism and ADHD. I find great fulfilment in providing counselling to children, teens, and their parents, offering compassionate and practical support across a range of concerns. These include behavioural challenges, emotional regulation, grief and loss, learning difficulties, school refusal, anxiety, and mood-related difficulties.
(03) 7500 5928 View (03) 7500 5928
Photo of Stephanie Fletcher - Stephanie Fletcher Psychology , Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Stephanie Fletcher Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
My psychology practice empowers women to feel hopeful and confident as they navigate major life transitions. Whether you're rediscovering your identity, processing relationship changes, exploring new career paths, stepping into motherhood, grieving a loss, or facing the unexpected, these experiences can feel overwhelming. You may feel stuck, uncertain, and questioning who you are. Racing thoughts, self-doubt, and expectations can make it hard to move forward. Change often brings a mix of emotions—fear, grief, and uncertainty. It’s easy to feel tempted to give up on working through challenges, but you don’t have to face this alone.
My psychology practice empowers women to feel hopeful and confident as they navigate major life transitions. Whether you're rediscovering your identity, processing relationship changes, exploring new career paths, stepping into motherhood, grieving a loss, or facing the unexpected, these experiences can feel overwhelming. You may feel stuck, uncertain, and questioning who you are. Racing thoughts, self-doubt, and expectations can make it hard to move forward. Change often brings a mix of emotions—fear, grief, and uncertainty. It’s easy to feel tempted to give up on working through challenges, but you don’t have to face this alone.
(03) 7003 2931 View (03) 7003 2931
Photo of Sarah Fischer - Behavioural Edge Psychology, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Org. Psych.
Behavioural Edge Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Org. Psych.
Serves Area
I am the Principal Psychologist at Behavioural Edge Psychology, and I bring deep expertise in supporting individuals to achieve optimal wellbeing. I provide holistic care that builds insight into personal strengths while enhancing interpersonal relationships in a safe, nonjudgmental environment.
I am the Principal Psychologist at Behavioural Edge Psychology, and I bring deep expertise in supporting individuals to achieve optimal wellbeing. I provide holistic care that builds insight into personal strengths while enhancing interpersonal relationships in a safe, nonjudgmental environment.
(03) 8771 4315 View (03) 8771 4315
Photo of Chris Bolton, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Chris Bolton
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I place an emphasis on a respectful relationship where thoughts and feelings are treated with sensitivity and honesty. I provide a supportive and relaxed environment, and believe that no thought or feeling deserves judgment in therapy. I enjoy helping people with anxiety, phobias, OCD, depression, trauma, problems with assertiveness, anger, behavioural problems, and relationship issues. I hope to offer people an opportunity to understand what is happening inside themselves that is causing their suffering, to build skills to regulate anxiety, to gain stability in relationships, and to heal and unlock potential.
I place an emphasis on a respectful relationship where thoughts and feelings are treated with sensitivity and honesty. I provide a supportive and relaxed environment, and believe that no thought or feeling deserves judgment in therapy. I enjoy helping people with anxiety, phobias, OCD, depression, trauma, problems with assertiveness, anger, behavioural problems, and relationship issues. I hope to offer people an opportunity to understand what is happening inside themselves that is causing their suffering, to build skills to regulate anxiety, to gain stability in relationships, and to heal and unlock potential.
(03) 7003 2703 View (03) 7003 2703
Photo of Sundas Rehman, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Sundas Rehman
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Welcome to Internal Sunshine, where we embrace a holistic approach to your well-being, valuing every facet of who you are – your mind, body, soul, and social connections. Here, we understand that your spiritual beliefs, values, and sense of purpose are integral parts of your journey. Our therapy is grounded in anti-racism, affirming principles, and deep respect for your experiences and resilience. We're also committed to a neuroaffirming practice in therapy, which means we recognize and celebrate the diverse ways individuals process and engage with the world.
Welcome to Internal Sunshine, where we embrace a holistic approach to your well-being, valuing every facet of who you are – your mind, body, soul, and social connections. Here, we understand that your spiritual beliefs, values, and sense of purpose are integral parts of your journey. Our therapy is grounded in anti-racism, affirming principles, and deep respect for your experiences and resilience. We're also committed to a neuroaffirming practice in therapy, which means we recognize and celebrate the diverse ways individuals process and engage with the world.
(03) 7500 5089 View (03) 7500 5089
Photo of Elizabeth Reilly, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Elizabeth Reilly
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Serves Area
Elizabeth is a warm and caring clinician who creates a collaborative therapeutic partnership with her clients to ensure a safe and supportive space for all. She adopts a strengths based and trauma informed framework to address a broad range of presenting issues including anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, trauma, depression, panic, grief and loss, relationship challenges, body image concerns, sleep issues, stress management, menopause, eating disorders and adjustment difficulties. Elizabeth tailors treatment to meet the needs of each individual according to their particular goals.
Elizabeth is a warm and caring clinician who creates a collaborative therapeutic partnership with her clients to ensure a safe and supportive space for all. She adopts a strengths based and trauma informed framework to address a broad range of presenting issues including anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, trauma, depression, panic, grief and loss, relationship challenges, body image concerns, sleep issues, stress management, menopause, eating disorders and adjustment difficulties. Elizabeth tailors treatment to meet the needs of each individual according to their particular goals.
0413 174 782 View 0413 174 782
Photo of Dr Markus Lorbergs, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Markus Lorbergs
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I work with those seeking deeper self-understanding, healing from past experiences, and meaningful personal growth. They may struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, or relationship challenges and want to break free from unhelpful patterns. They seek a safe, supportive space to explore their emotions, build self-awareness, and develop strategies for lasting well-being. Whether they’re feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected, they want guidance that’s flexible, holistic, and tailored to their needs—helping them move toward a more fulfilling, balanced life.
I work with those seeking deeper self-understanding, healing from past experiences, and meaningful personal growth. They may struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, or relationship challenges and want to break free from unhelpful patterns. They seek a safe, supportive space to explore their emotions, build self-awareness, and develop strategies for lasting well-being. Whether they’re feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected, they want guidance that’s flexible, holistic, and tailored to their needs—helping them move toward a more fulfilling, balanced life.
0405 862 256 View 0405 862 256
Photo of Litsa Pavlou, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Litsa Pavlou
Counsellor, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Litsa provides counselling to individuals and couples. Specialist services include chronic illness counselling, stress and burnout support and help for parents and carers. Litsa has unique insight into chronic illness because she lives with Diffuse Scleroderma which is a complex auto-immune condition. She is particularly interested in supporting other people with chronic illness. She shares her professional knowledge, research and personal reflections into chronic illness.
Litsa provides counselling to individuals and couples. Specialist services include chronic illness counselling, stress and burnout support and help for parents and carers. Litsa has unique insight into chronic illness because she lives with Diffuse Scleroderma which is a complex auto-immune condition. She is particularly interested in supporting other people with chronic illness. She shares her professional knowledge, research and personal reflections into chronic illness.
0466 400 232 View 0466 400 232
Photo of Tania Curlis, Social Worker, AMHSW
Tania Curlis
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
I work in a way that is sensitive and thoughtful toward very complex life experiences of ongoing grief, loss, or feeling stuck when life is feeling uncertain. Many of us benefit from a person to talk to, to consider our own needs or to work through priorities and how to bring change more smoothly and confidently into our life. You may want more time, freedom, to feel heard or to make sense of the 'right' next steps for you. ;You may want to feel you have work that is more meaningful, happier relationships, or to resolve current or past traumatic experiences. I assist people in a range of ways as they make sense of change.
I work in a way that is sensitive and thoughtful toward very complex life experiences of ongoing grief, loss, or feeling stuck when life is feeling uncertain. Many of us benefit from a person to talk to, to consider our own needs or to work through priorities and how to bring change more smoothly and confidently into our life. You may want more time, freedom, to feel heard or to make sense of the 'right' next steps for you. ;You may want to feel you have work that is more meaningful, happier relationships, or to resolve current or past traumatic experiences. I assist people in a range of ways as they make sense of change.
(03) 7003 2843 View (03) 7003 2843
Photo of Kate Rooney, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Kate Rooney
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi, I'm Kate, an experienced Clinical Psychologist who is passionate about empowering children, teens and their families to navigate emotional challenges, harness their strengths and develop new skills for a brighter, more resilient future. I have extensive experience in private and public mental health settings and have been privileged to work with children and teens who are struggling with a broad range of emotional, social, behavioural, developmental and/or relational difficulties.
Hi, I'm Kate, an experienced Clinical Psychologist who is passionate about empowering children, teens and their families to navigate emotional challenges, harness their strengths and develop new skills for a brighter, more resilient future. I have extensive experience in private and public mental health settings and have been privileged to work with children and teens who are struggling with a broad range of emotional, social, behavioural, developmental and/or relational difficulties.
0425 154 318 View 0425 154 318
Photo of Alina Rozenstein, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Alina Rozenstein
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I am a psychologist dedicated to supporting psychological wellbeing across individual, workplace, and community settings. I work with adolescence and adults focusing on promoting mental health, resilience, and personal growth through evidence-based and compassionate care. I have experience working with a wide range of presentations, including anxiety, OCD, panic, depression, stress, interpersonal and self-esteem difficulties, adjustment issues, trauma, and life transitions.
I am a psychologist dedicated to supporting psychological wellbeing across individual, workplace, and community settings. I work with adolescence and adults focusing on promoting mental health, resilience, and personal growth through evidence-based and compassionate care. I have experience working with a wide range of presentations, including anxiety, OCD, panic, depression, stress, interpersonal and self-esteem difficulties, adjustment issues, trauma, and life transitions.
(03) 8771 5710 View (03) 8771 5710

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Psychologists and Therapists in Carnegie, VIC

40+

Average cost per session

$220

Psychologists and Therapists in Carnegie, VIC who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
80% Self Esteem
80% Stress
78% Depression
65% Relationship Issues
60% Trauma and PTSD
50% Parenting

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Medicare Rebates
55% NDIS
41% Medibank Private

How Psychologists and Therapists in Carnegie, VIC see their clients

95% In Person and Online
5% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Carnegie?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.