Depression Psychologists and Therapists in Carlton, VIC

Photo of Delphine Marina - Delphine Marina Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Delphine Marina Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Carlton, VIC 3053
Hello, I am an experienced Clinical Psychotherapist, Counsellor, and Coach with a profound commitment to guiding individuals on their transformative journeys. Trained in the intricacies of Soul Centred Psychotherapy (SCP), a Jungian-based modality, I specialise in fostering a vital connection with the whole self. In the realm of SCP, I can orchestrate a delicate dance between the everyday sense of self and the myriad layers of consciousness. This therapeutic approach illuminates the internal dynamics that shape our thoughts, moods, and behaviours in both personal and interpersonal realms.
Hello, I am an experienced Clinical Psychotherapist, Counsellor, and Coach with a profound commitment to guiding individuals on their transformative journeys. Trained in the intricacies of Soul Centred Psychotherapy (SCP), a Jungian-based modality, I specialise in fostering a vital connection with the whole self. In the realm of SCP, I can orchestrate a delicate dance between the everyday sense of self and the myriad layers of consciousness. This therapeutic approach illuminates the internal dynamics that shape our thoughts, moods, and behaviours in both personal and interpersonal realms.
(03) 9111 2668 View (03) 9111 2668
Photo of Dr Jonathan Kettle, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA Endorsed
Dr Jonathan Kettle
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
Previously the Head of Clinical Practice at The Cairnmillar Institute, I am a clinical psychologist working with adults, adolescents and couples, with expertise in depression & anxiety, trauma & abuse, substance use, relationships, complex presentations, gender & sexuality issues, and ADHD and ASD assessments with people aged 13 and older.
My initial therapeutic approach is to understand what has led you to come and talk with me and what you are looking for in your therapy, alongside forming a therapeutic relationship with you to support you through the process. I provide a confidential and non-judgmental space in which to discuss your concerns and how to best work together.
Previously the Head of Clinical Practice at The Cairnmillar Institute, I am a clinical psychologist working with adults, adolescents and couples, with expertise in depression & anxiety, trauma & abuse, substance use, relationships, complex presentations, gender & sexuality issues, and ADHD and ASD assessments with people aged 13 and older.
My initial therapeutic approach is to understand what has led you to come and talk with me and what you are looking for in your therapy, alongside forming a therapeutic relationship with you to support you through the process. I provide a confidential and non-judgmental space in which to discuss your concerns and how to best work together.
0414 446 403 View 0414 446 403
Photo of Dr Jamie Lopes, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Dr Jamie Lopes
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Carlton, VIC 3053
Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or navigating existential concerns, I can walk alongside you on your journey towards healing and growth.
My therapeutic approach is primarily psychodynamic, informed by the understanding that our early experiences shape how we understand ourselves and connect with others. Through a collaborative and supportive environment, together we can explore these underlying patterns, develop a deeper sense of self-awareness, and help you develop long-lasting change.
Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or navigating existential concerns, I can walk alongside you on your journey towards healing and growth.
My therapeutic approach is primarily psychodynamic, informed by the understanding that our early experiences shape how we understand ourselves and connect with others. Through a collaborative and supportive environment, together we can explore these underlying patterns, develop a deeper sense of self-awareness, and help you develop long-lasting change.
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Photo of Cindy Tanghal, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Cindy Tanghal
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Carlton, VIC 3053
In my practice, I provide professional, empathetic and validating psychological support and treatment to individuals with Emotion dysregulation; Major Depression; Bi-Polar Affective Disorders; Adjustment Disorder; Anxiety disorders; Social Anxiety; Eating Disorders; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Personality Disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); Complex trauma presentations such as self-harm, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and relationship instability; Drug & alcohol and other Addictive Behaviours.
I predominantly use evidence-based therapies such as Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT),Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Schema Therapy, EMDR and Acceptance Commitment Therapy. In addition, I provide Psychology supervision as a primary or secondary supervisor, higher degree program and work in addition to higher degree.
In my practice, I provide professional, empathetic and validating psychological support and treatment to individuals with Emotion dysregulation; Major Depression; Bi-Polar Affective Disorders; Adjustment Disorder; Anxiety disorders; Social Anxiety; Eating Disorders; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Personality Disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); Complex trauma presentations such as self-harm, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and relationship instability; Drug & alcohol and other Addictive Behaviours.
I predominantly use evidence-based therapies such as Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT),Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Schema Therapy, EMDR and Acceptance Commitment Therapy. In addition, I provide Psychology supervision as a primary or secondary supervisor, higher degree program and work in addition to higher degree.
0401 443 236 View 0401 443 236
Photo of Dr Helen Krstev, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA Endorsed
Dr Helen Krstev
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA Endorsed
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
Practising since 2004, I am a clinical psychologist working with adults, adolescents and couples, with expertise in anxiety & depression, trauma, gender & sexuality issues, relationship difficulties, substance use and eating disorders.
I hold a Bachelor of Science, Graduate Diploma in Psychology, and a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, and have undertaken further psychoanalytic training over a number of years. I have delivered post-graduate training at The University of Melbourne, lectured to clinical Masters students at The Cairnmillar Institute, and published papers on psychotherapy.
Practising since 2004, I am a clinical psychologist working with adults, adolescents and couples, with expertise in anxiety & depression, trauma, gender & sexuality issues, relationship difficulties, substance use and eating disorders.
I hold a Bachelor of Science, Graduate Diploma in Psychology, and a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, and have undertaken further psychoanalytic training over a number of years. I have delivered post-graduate training at The University of Melbourne, lectured to clinical Masters students at The Cairnmillar Institute, and published papers on psychotherapy.
0406 970 548 View 0406 970 548
Photo of Chris Carter, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Chris Carter
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a psychologist with experience working with adults and adolescents in clinical mental health, depression, anxiety, trauma, forensics and addiction.
I offer personal sessions locally and telehealth and phone sessions locally and remotely. My fee is negotiable for those experiencing significant hardship. I can offer Medicare and private health rebates.
I am a psychologist with experience working with adults and adolescents in clinical mental health, depression, anxiety, trauma, forensics and addiction.
I offer personal sessions locally and telehealth and phone sessions locally and remotely. My fee is negotiable for those experiencing significant hardship. I can offer Medicare and private health rebates.
(03) 9111 5364 View (03) 9111 5364
Photo of Jesse Hooper, Social Worker, MA, AMHSW
Jesse Hooper
Social Worker, MA, AMHSW
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
I work with depression, trauma, PTSD, anxiety, and men's issues.
My ideal clients are adults navigating grief, trauma, emotional challenges, and significant life changes who value a collaborative approach to healing. I welcome individuals from all backgrounds, including LGBTIQ+ communities, culturally diverse backgrounds, and people living with disabilities. I create a respectful space where your unique experiences are acknowledged and where we can develop practical strategies for wellbeing together. My clients are ready to work toward positive change in a supportive therapeutic relationship.
I work with depression, trauma, PTSD, anxiety, and men's issues.
My ideal clients are adults navigating grief, trauma, emotional challenges, and significant life changes who value a collaborative approach to healing. I welcome individuals from all backgrounds, including LGBTIQ+ communities, culturally diverse backgrounds, and people living with disabilities. I create a respectful space where your unique experiences are acknowledged and where we can develop practical strategies for wellbeing together. My clients are ready to work toward positive change in a supportive therapeutic relationship.
(03) 9133 2122 View (03) 9133 2122
Photo of Patricia Robertson, Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Patricia Robertson
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am experienced in the assessment and treatment of depression and mood disorders, panic and anxiety, OCD, anger issues, emotion regulation difficulties, grief and loss, relationship problems, post-traumatic stress, personality disorders.
I work with client’s strengths to improve resilience and self-worth, achieve life goals, improve communication, heal strained relationships, manage stress, and resolve grief and loss. My therapeutic approaches are evidence based and are individually tailored to meet each client's unique needs.
I am experienced in the assessment and treatment of depression and mood disorders, panic and anxiety, OCD, anger issues, emotion regulation difficulties, grief and loss, relationship problems, post-traumatic stress, personality disorders.
I work with client’s strengths to improve resilience and self-worth, achieve life goals, improve communication, heal strained relationships, manage stress, and resolve grief and loss. My therapeutic approaches are evidence based and are individually tailored to meet each client's unique needs.
(03) 7003 2957 View (03) 7003 2957
Photo of Casey Anderson - Casey Anderson , Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Casey Anderson
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Carlton, VIC 3053
This way of working can be particularly helpful to work through unresolved feelings from the past and locate the hidden cause of symptoms; bringing relief from depression, anxiety, somatic disorders, and repetitive relationship issues.
As an experienced therapist, Casey has worked in a range of diverse settings with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. Through this experience, Casey has developed a deep understanding of what it means to be human, forming her view that we are unique and complex beings with a desire for connection with self and others, even if this feels difficult.
This way of working can be particularly helpful to work through unresolved feelings from the past and locate the hidden cause of symptoms; bringing relief from depression, anxiety, somatic disorders, and repetitive relationship issues.
As an experienced therapist, Casey has worked in a range of diverse settings with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. Through this experience, Casey has developed a deep understanding of what it means to be human, forming her view that we are unique and complex beings with a desire for connection with self and others, even if this feels difficult.
(03) 7003 2898 View (03) 7003 2898
Photo of Marina Salambasis, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Marina Salambasis
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Carlton, VIC 3053
If you suffer from trauma, ADHD, ASD/Autism, depression, anxiety, substance use, sleep issues, relationship issues, eating disorders, low self-esteem, or bereavement, please email me to arrange a free 10-minute consultation.
I believe in a collaborative approach, working to set treatment goals and utilise a diverse array of treatment modalities tailored to you in an integrative approach. These modalities include: EMDR, IFS, ACT, CBT, somatic therapy, compassion focused therapy, person-centred therapy, emotion-focused therapy, motivational interviewing, and psychodynamic therapy.
If you suffer from trauma, ADHD, ASD/Autism, depression, anxiety, substance use, sleep issues, relationship issues, eating disorders, low self-esteem, or bereavement, please email me to arrange a free 10-minute consultation.
I believe in a collaborative approach, working to set treatment goals and utilise a diverse array of treatment modalities tailored to you in an integrative approach. These modalities include: EMDR, IFS, ACT, CBT, somatic therapy, compassion focused therapy, person-centred therapy, emotion-focused therapy, motivational interviewing, and psychodynamic therapy.
(03) 7003 2085 View (03) 7003 2085
Photo of Ruth Minkov, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Ruth Minkov
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Carlton, VIC 3053
I currently have immediate availability for both assessment and therapy. I offer neuroaffirming, trauma-informed neuropsychological, academic, autism and ADHD assessment, as well as psychological therapy, and ADHD coaching. I work with adolescents and adults, in Melbourne, VIC. My assessments take into consideration cultural differences and "masking". I am experienced in working with the NDIS and Centrelink, and am Medicare registered.
I currently have immediate availability for both assessment and therapy. I offer neuroaffirming, trauma-informed neuropsychological, academic, autism and ADHD assessment, as well as psychological therapy, and ADHD coaching. I work with adolescents and adults, in Melbourne, VIC. My assessments take into consideration cultural differences and "masking". I am experienced in working with the NDIS and Centrelink, and am Medicare registered.
(03) 7003 2743 View (03) 7003 2743
Photo of Sean Renehan, Social Worker, AMHSW
Sean Renehan
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
I work with warmth and curiosity to help develop a deeper understanding of your concern and make sense of why particular patterns might be causing distress. I work from an understanding that many of life's concerns stem from our past experiences in relationships and the structural difficulties that are present in our society. I endeavor to understand peoples experience and distress through the context in which they live. I believe that the more we can understand the fixed patterns we find ourselves stuck in, the greater chance we have of learning to live in more meaningful ways. I offer supervision, individual and couples therapy.
I work with warmth and curiosity to help develop a deeper understanding of your concern and make sense of why particular patterns might be causing distress. I work from an understanding that many of life's concerns stem from our past experiences in relationships and the structural difficulties that are present in our society. I endeavor to understand peoples experience and distress through the context in which they live. I believe that the more we can understand the fixed patterns we find ourselves stuck in, the greater chance we have of learning to live in more meaningful ways. I offer supervision, individual and couples therapy.
(03) 7003 2203 View (03) 7003 2203
Photo of Charlie Charlton
Charlie Charlton
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I also have experience helping people with anxiety, depression, stress, chronic health conditions, relationship and interpersonal problems, and exploration of sexuality, gender and non-traditional relational structures.
I am a trauma-informed psychotherapist registered with PACFA (Reg. Certified Practising 30951). I have an interest in grief and loss, such as bereavement, relationship endings and identity-related struggles. I am warm, inclusive and person-centred, holding space for the full complexity of the human experience- grief, joy and everything in between.
I also have experience helping people with anxiety, depression, stress, chronic health conditions, relationship and interpersonal problems, and exploration of sexuality, gender and non-traditional relational structures.
I am a trauma-informed psychotherapist registered with PACFA (Reg. Certified Practising 30951). I have an interest in grief and loss, such as bereavement, relationship endings and identity-related struggles. I am warm, inclusive and person-centred, holding space for the full complexity of the human experience- grief, joy and everything in between.
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Photo of Patrick Ruggles, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Patrick Ruggles
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Serves Area
His approach assists individuals in working through somewhat insoluble issues to bring relief from existential malaise, depression, anxiety, repetitive interpersonal difficulties, and somatic disturbances.
Patrick has previous studies in Psychology, Neuroscience and Eastern Philosophy and is current member of the Lacan Cirlce of Australia. In addition, Patrick is a lecturer in Psychology and Counselling at the Cairnmillar Institute.
His approach assists individuals in working through somewhat insoluble issues to bring relief from existential malaise, depression, anxiety, repetitive interpersonal difficulties, and somatic disturbances.
Patrick has previous studies in Psychology, Neuroscience and Eastern Philosophy and is current member of the Lacan Cirlce of Australia. In addition, Patrick is a lecturer in Psychology and Counselling at the Cairnmillar Institute.
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Photo of Sarai Dee, Social Worker, AMHSW
Sarai Dee
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
I have experience working creatively with grief and loss, bereavement, non-directive pregnancy options counselling, anxiety and depression and other mental health challenges in health and community settings.
I am a social work counsellor and Sensorimotor art therapist with experience working with women, children, adolescents and people from the LGBTQIA+ communities to improve their mental health and wellbeing. If offer in person and telehealth appointments
I have experience working creatively with grief and loss, bereavement, non-directive pregnancy options counselling, anxiety and depression and other mental health challenges in health and community settings.
I am a social work counsellor and Sensorimotor art therapist with experience working with women, children, adolescents and people from the LGBTQIA+ communities to improve their mental health and wellbeing. If offer in person and telehealth appointments
(03) 8104 9134 View (03) 8104 9134
Photo of Tialara Harris, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Tialara Harris
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I also address how these issues connect to mental health challenges like anxiety, depression, stress, and PTSD.
I believe lasting change comes from having the right tools and knowledge to manage challenges beyond therapy. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and tailored. I aim to respond promptly and follow through with tools and support, knowing how frustrating it is when this doesn’t happen. We’ll build a toolkit to help maintain positive change over time.
I also address how these issues connect to mental health challenges like anxiety, depression, stress, and PTSD.
I believe lasting change comes from having the right tools and knowledge to manage challenges beyond therapy. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and tailored. I aim to respond promptly and follow through with tools and support, knowing how frustrating it is when this doesn’t happen. We’ll build a toolkit to help maintain positive change over time.
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Photo of Jesse Muscatello, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Jesse Muscatello
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I work with a variety of presentations and problems, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, anger, trauma, life adjustments, grief, ADHD, perfectionism, pain, self-esteem challenges, and more.
I am a Clinical Psychologist registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA), and Online Educator at The University of Melbourne for the Graduate degree in Youth Mental Health. I have several years of experience across public and private mental health settings, as well as teaching university-level psychology subjects at The University of Melbourne and Victoria University. I work to help you uncover and address unconscious emotional patterns that may perpetuate presenting symptoms, getting to the core of your issues with a focus on long-term change.
I work with a variety of presentations and problems, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, anger, trauma, life adjustments, grief, ADHD, perfectionism, pain, self-esteem challenges, and more.
I am a Clinical Psychologist registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA), and Online Educator at The University of Melbourne for the Graduate degree in Youth Mental Health. I have several years of experience across public and private mental health settings, as well as teaching university-level psychology subjects at The University of Melbourne and Victoria University. I work to help you uncover and address unconscious emotional patterns that may perpetuate presenting symptoms, getting to the core of your issues with a focus on long-term change.
0432 171 801 View 0432 171 801
Photo of Belinda Pacella, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Belinda Pacella
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
I completed my Master of Clinical Psychology at the University of Melbourne and have experience working with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, self-esteem and relationship difficulties.
ISTDP is an active, psychodynamic therapy that explores how coping patterns and defences developed early in life contribute to emotional suffering. Working with both mind and body, it gently brings awareness to the feelings underlying these patterns. Over time, this work can help emotions be experienced more fully, supporting emotional freedom and wellbeing.
I completed my Master of Clinical Psychology at the University of Melbourne and have experience working with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, self-esteem and relationship difficulties.
ISTDP is an active, psychodynamic therapy that explores how coping patterns and defences developed early in life contribute to emotional suffering. Working with both mind and body, it gently brings awareness to the feelings underlying these patterns. Over time, this work can help emotions be experienced more fully, supporting emotional freedom and wellbeing.
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Photo of Jake Potter, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Jake Potter
Psychotherapist, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
The clients that I work with range from issues of Attachment-Based issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, grief & loss, stress, attachment, relationship issues, self development, and life purpose.
I am a registered Psychotherapist with PACFA, ACA and member of the ACA College of Supervisors. Jake is the principle psychotherapist and clinical supervisor at the Australian Centre for Embodied Practice (ACEP). In addition to being a certified therapist in Comprehensive Attachment Repair (Attachment Theory), and I am currently undergoing further training in Mentalization-Based Treatment for Personality Disorders and implement embodied approaches in therapy. Jake frequently lectures in the Bachelor of Counselling and Psychotherapy at Ikon Institute and Tutors in the Bachelor of Psychology at the Australian National University (ANU)
The clients that I work with range from issues of Attachment-Based issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, grief & loss, stress, attachment, relationship issues, self development, and life purpose.
I am a registered Psychotherapist with PACFA, ACA and member of the ACA College of Supervisors. Jake is the principle psychotherapist and clinical supervisor at the Australian Centre for Embodied Practice (ACEP). In addition to being a certified therapist in Comprehensive Attachment Repair (Attachment Theory), and I am currently undergoing further training in Mentalization-Based Treatment for Personality Disorders and implement embodied approaches in therapy. Jake frequently lectures in the Bachelor of Counselling and Psychotherapy at Ikon Institute and Tutors in the Bachelor of Psychology at the Australian National University (ANU)
(03) 7020 2730 View (03) 7020 2730
Photo of Helen Su, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Helen Su
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Online Only
I do long-term work with high-functioning clients who experience cycles of depression and/or anxiety, or trauma.
Since starting my career in psychology in 2009, I have enjoyed worked with adults of all ages. Some of the issues that have been brought to therapy include struggles with mood, motivation, trauma (complex or single incident), identity development, family conflict, career/workplace challenges, academic/study problems and more. My clients come from all walks of life: fellow health professionals, students, teachers, stay-at-home moms, career women, new migrants, second generation Australians - all of who are just trying to navigate what mental health means to them and what they want out of life.
I do long-term work with high-functioning clients who experience cycles of depression and/or anxiety, or trauma.
Since starting my career in psychology in 2009, I have enjoyed worked with adults of all ages. Some of the issues that have been brought to therapy include struggles with mood, motivation, trauma (complex or single incident), identity development, family conflict, career/workplace challenges, academic/study problems and more. My clients come from all walks of life: fellow health professionals, students, teachers, stay-at-home moms, career women, new migrants, second generation Australians - all of who are just trying to navigate what mental health means to them and what they want out of life.
0451 271 869 View 0451 271 869
Depression Therapists
What is the goal of therapy for depression?
Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognise and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?
Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?
Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioural activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?
Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?
Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.