Counselling in Bairnsdale, VIC

Photo of Emma Woodcock, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Emma Woodcock
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Bairnsdale, VIC 3875
Hi, I am a qualified, professional, trauma informed counsellor who supports both adolescents and adults to process anxiety, depression, grief and loss, self-esteem and spirituality concerns, so that they can lead enriched, meaningful lives.
Hi, I am a qualified, professional, trauma informed counsellor who supports both adolescents and adults to process anxiety, depression, grief and loss, self-esteem and spirituality concerns, so that they can lead enriched, meaningful lives.
(03) 4152 7981 View (03) 4152 7981
Photo of Karen Ellingsen - Love & Loss, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Love & Loss
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Bairnsdale, VIC 3875
Has someone you love died? Has a significant relationship come to an end? Have you lost your adored pet? Is the future you imagined for yourself no longer possible? Are you caring for someone with a terminal illness? I can help you with the painful human emotions around grief and loss. With my own losses, and experience with Griefline, I provide a space where you can talk about whatever is on your mind, free from judgement. Grief is as individual as our fingerprint and sometimes family and friends just don't understand. Talking about your grief helps.
Has someone you love died? Has a significant relationship come to an end? Have you lost your adored pet? Is the future you imagined for yourself no longer possible? Are you caring for someone with a terminal illness? I can help you with the painful human emotions around grief and loss. With my own losses, and experience with Griefline, I provide a space where you can talk about whatever is on your mind, free from judgement. Grief is as individual as our fingerprint and sometimes family and friends just don't understand. Talking about your grief helps.
(03) 4150 3476 View (03) 4150 3476
Photo of Amanda Harris - Walk With You Counselling , AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Walk With You Counselling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Bairnsdale, VIC 3875
Hello, my name is Amanda and welcome. I am very excited to now be providing face to face sessions on Mondays in Bairnsdale. I pride myself on providing client-centred, trauma-responsive, strengths-based, and solution-focused therapy to help individuals navigate life's challenges and achieve holistic well-being. I work with clients promote self-awareness, resilience, and personal growth. If you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, life transitions or stress, please reach out, and we can unpack your unique situation, to determine how best to support you and your situation.
Hello, my name is Amanda and welcome. I am very excited to now be providing face to face sessions on Mondays in Bairnsdale. I pride myself on providing client-centred, trauma-responsive, strengths-based, and solution-focused therapy to help individuals navigate life's challenges and achieve holistic well-being. I work with clients promote self-awareness, resilience, and personal growth. If you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, life transitions or stress, please reach out, and we can unpack your unique situation, to determine how best to support you and your situation.
(03) 4151 5279 View (03) 4151 5279
Photo of Laura Bailey - Laura Bailey Psychology , PsyBA General, Psychologist
Laura Bailey Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Bairnsdale, VIC 3875
Situated in Bairnsdale, Laura is passionate about providing evidence-based online and in person therapy and developing supportive and compassionate relationships with clients. Laura has additional training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Guided Self Help, Schema Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Enhanced Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Eating Disorder Specific Training through the National Eating Disorder Collaboration.
Situated in Bairnsdale, Laura is passionate about providing evidence-based online and in person therapy and developing supportive and compassionate relationships with clients. Laura has additional training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Guided Self Help, Schema Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Enhanced Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Eating Disorder Specific Training through the National Eating Disorder Collaboration.
(03) 4158 2680 View (03) 4158 2680
Photo of Mike Daniel Carroll - Mike Carroll, MC Counselling, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Mike Carroll, MC Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Bairnsdale, VIC 3875
I want to help you overcome the current challenges you are facing. You may be new to counselling and I want to make this a positive experience for you. I am a professional counsellor with lived experience of addiction and mental illness and I bring this knowledge to help you. Additionally, post pandemic, life is very different than it was four years ago and this maybe the reason you are seeking help. You may be unsure of why it is you are feeling the way you do and would like someone to talk to.
I want to help you overcome the current challenges you are facing. You may be new to counselling and I want to make this a positive experience for you. I am a professional counsellor with lived experience of addiction and mental illness and I bring this knowledge to help you. Additionally, post pandemic, life is very different than it was four years ago and this maybe the reason you are seeking help. You may be unsure of why it is you are feeling the way you do and would like someone to talk to.
(03) 6419 9437 View (03) 6419 9437
Photo of Kellie Dundon, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Kellie Dundon
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life can be challenging, and sometimes we need extra support to navigate through. I offer online (telehealth) psychology to help you cope better with anxiety, depression, PTSD, ADHD, and other challenges. My approach is client-centred, meaning we will work together to understand your unique needs and find solutions that are right for you. I provide a warm and supportive environment where you can feel safe to explore and address your concerns. My practice is founded on principles of self-compassion, trauma-informed care, and inclusivity.
Life can be challenging, and sometimes we need extra support to navigate through. I offer online (telehealth) psychology to help you cope better with anxiety, depression, PTSD, ADHD, and other challenges. My approach is client-centred, meaning we will work together to understand your unique needs and find solutions that are right for you. I provide a warm and supportive environment where you can feel safe to explore and address your concerns. My practice is founded on principles of self-compassion, trauma-informed care, and inclusivity.
(03) 7003 2431 View (03) 7003 2431
Photo of Joanna Paterson, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed, Psychologist
Joanna Paterson
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Bairnsdale, VIC 3875
Joanna is a Clinical Psychologist offering face to face services in Baxter, just off the Mornington Peninsula Freeway, as well as telehealth options for those elsewhere. Joanna is warm and empathetic and uses evidence based therapies to assist clients with their therapy goals. Joanna works with a broad range of issues including anxiety & depression, trauma and PTSD, couples and relationships, stress, personality disorders, disordered eating, addictions and more.
Joanna is a Clinical Psychologist offering face to face services in Baxter, just off the Mornington Peninsula Freeway, as well as telehealth options for those elsewhere. Joanna is warm and empathetic and uses evidence based therapies to assist clients with their therapy goals. Joanna works with a broad range of issues including anxiety & depression, trauma and PTSD, couples and relationships, stress, personality disorders, disordered eating, addictions and more.
(08) 9126 9277 View (08) 9126 9277
Photo of Leonie Gilham - Best Life Therapy & Counseling , MA, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Best Life Therapy & Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Are you struggling with your relationships, mood, anxiety or any other issues and problems? If so it is my mission to provide a therapeutic approach that is based on respect, collaboration, transparency and a meaningful connection with my clients. I use evidence based therapies tailored to an approach that best suits your needs. My dedication is to provide an environment where you feel safe, heard and understood. Helping people achieve their therapeutic goals has been my passion and a privilege for the past 20 years.
Are you struggling with your relationships, mood, anxiety or any other issues and problems? If so it is my mission to provide a therapeutic approach that is based on respect, collaboration, transparency and a meaningful connection with my clients. I use evidence based therapies tailored to an approach that best suits your needs. My dedication is to provide an environment where you feel safe, heard and understood. Helping people achieve their therapeutic goals has been my passion and a privilege for the past 20 years.
(03) 4240 3813 View (03) 4240 3813
Photo of Matthew Hyatt - Lighthouse Therapies, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Lighthouse Therapies
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have over 4 years experience working as a psychotherapist working within the counselling and psychotherapy space. Seeing clients who are neurodiverse as well as those who present with other complex mental health concerns. I have conducted therapy is many different spaces including, Residential Services, High Schools and working alongside other practitioners and consulting for private practice. Trained in and practice cognitive behavioural therapy, Gottman Method counselling (Couples Counselling). At its core, my practice aims to be person centred and emotion focus, to help tailor the therapy to their needs, past present and future
I have over 4 years experience working as a psychotherapist working within the counselling and psychotherapy space. Seeing clients who are neurodiverse as well as those who present with other complex mental health concerns. I have conducted therapy is many different spaces including, Residential Services, High Schools and working alongside other practitioners and consulting for private practice. Trained in and practice cognitive behavioural therapy, Gottman Method counselling (Couples Counselling). At its core, my practice aims to be person centred and emotion focus, to help tailor the therapy to their needs, past present and future
(03) 8203 5369 View (03) 8203 5369

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Rosanna Giorno, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Rosanna Giorno
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Woodglen, VIC 3875
I am a compassionate, empathic and intuitive counsellor who is experienced in supporting adolescents, adults and couples. I am registered with the Australian Counselling Association and support clients to overcome a wide range of issues and significant life challenges. My particular interest is in promoting self-awareness and strong interpersonal relationships to help clients achieve their full potential so that they can thrive in all facets of their lives. True self-awareness can lead to positive self-development that aligns with your values and life purpose. Let me help you to achieve your potential.
I am a compassionate, empathic and intuitive counsellor who is experienced in supporting adolescents, adults and couples. I am registered with the Australian Counselling Association and support clients to overcome a wide range of issues and significant life challenges. My particular interest is in promoting self-awareness and strong interpersonal relationships to help clients achieve their full potential so that they can thrive in all facets of their lives. True self-awareness can lead to positive self-development that aligns with your values and life purpose. Let me help you to achieve your potential.
(03) 7500 5767 View (03) 7500 5767

Online Therapists

Photo of Linda Davis - Incite Counselling , PsyBA General, Psychologist
Incite Counselling
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
My clients have often experienced challenging childhoods or adult traumatic experiences, particularly in inter-personal relationships. Most clients seek to build emotion regulation skills and assertiveness. I will develop a plan with you to improve your coping skills and regain your well-being.
My clients have often experienced challenging childhoods or adult traumatic experiences, particularly in inter-personal relationships. Most clients seek to build emotion regulation skills and assertiveness. I will develop a plan with you to improve your coping skills and regain your well-being.
(03) 5615 2726 View (03) 5615 2726
Photo of Amber Airey - Omra Reflective Practice, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Omra Reflective Practice
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Hazelwood South, VIC 3840
Counselling is about you, the client and that is why I approach every client as an individual, tailoring my style to what you need. Experience working with clients with anxiety, depression, grief, parenting, neurodivergence, together we will work together to build your very own tool box of solutions and tools.
Counselling is about you, the client and that is why I approach every client as an individual, tailoring my style to what you need. Experience working with clients with anxiety, depression, grief, parenting, neurodivergence, together we will work together to build your very own tool box of solutions and tools.
(03) 4148 9004 View (03) 4148 9004
Photo of Ashna Arun Mangharam - Mangrove Counselling Co., MA, PACFA, Counsellor
Mangrove Counselling Co.
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Warragul, VIC 3820
Looking for a safe space to unpack and reflect? Welcome to Mangrove Counselling Co. With a masters degree in Counselling and a background in Psychology, I have worked in the field of mental health for over 10 years, most recently working as a trauma counsellor in the community sector. I work with adolescents and adults who have experienced trauma, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and childhood abuse & neglect. I am also happy to offer a space to individuals navigating through neurodivergence, questioning their gender identity or those wanting to explore and rediscover their authentic selves after a loss or big life transition.
Looking for a safe space to unpack and reflect? Welcome to Mangrove Counselling Co. With a masters degree in Counselling and a background in Psychology, I have worked in the field of mental health for over 10 years, most recently working as a trauma counsellor in the community sector. I work with adolescents and adults who have experienced trauma, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and childhood abuse & neglect. I am also happy to offer a space to individuals navigating through neurodivergence, questioning their gender identity or those wanting to explore and rediscover their authentic selves after a loss or big life transition.
(03) 5615 2616 View (03) 5615 2616
Photo of Rachel Hall, MA, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Hall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Warragul, VIC 3820
A registered member of the AASW, I have a wealth of personal and professional experience specialising in parenting, adult neurodiversity and navigating systems. My neuro-affirming practices and services aim to create an environment that is supportive, accepting, and accommodating of people with various neurological conditions, such as Autism, ADHD, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). With my expertise, you can expect tailored care that empowers you to achieve your best in life.
A registered member of the AASW, I have a wealth of personal and professional experience specialising in parenting, adult neurodiversity and navigating systems. My neuro-affirming practices and services aim to create an environment that is supportive, accepting, and accommodating of people with various neurological conditions, such as Autism, ADHD, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). With my expertise, you can expect tailored care that empowers you to achieve your best in life.
(03) 5616 2157 View (03) 5616 2157
Photo of Fiona Dundas, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Fiona Dundas
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, I specialise in relationship issues, stress and anxiety. There is nothing more upsetting than when we are not feeling emotionally connected to our partner. Some people report a gradual drifting apart while others can pinpoint an event that has damaged the relationship and some are caught in a cycle of conflict, Part of being human is our need to feel safe and understood by our partner, to know they are there for us when we need them. Whatever your challenge I will support you to re-connect, repair and deepen your relationship and or deal with stress or anxiety that impacts your contentment.
Hi, I specialise in relationship issues, stress and anxiety. There is nothing more upsetting than when we are not feeling emotionally connected to our partner. Some people report a gradual drifting apart while others can pinpoint an event that has damaged the relationship and some are caught in a cycle of conflict, Part of being human is our need to feel safe and understood by our partner, to know they are there for us when we need them. Whatever your challenge I will support you to re-connect, repair and deepen your relationship and or deal with stress or anxiety that impacts your contentment.
(03) 8595 5287 View (03) 8595 5287
Photo of Sally Richards - connect4calm, MA, ACA-L2, Counsellor
connect4calm
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Traralgon, VIC 3844
I believe everyone has the ability to create positive change and grow if given the chance. My aim is to provide you with the tools and skills to become the best version of yourself and find your purpose. I have qualifications in the following; Master of Counselling and Bachelor of Social Science (psychology). I use a person centred, non-judgemental, strength-based and trauma informed approach. I work with individuals, couples and families to build better relationships and increase skills to manage conflict.
I believe everyone has the ability to create positive change and grow if given the chance. My aim is to provide you with the tools and skills to become the best version of yourself and find your purpose. I have qualifications in the following; Master of Counselling and Bachelor of Social Science (psychology). I use a person centred, non-judgemental, strength-based and trauma informed approach. I work with individuals, couples and families to build better relationships and increase skills to manage conflict.
(03) 4149 5624 View (03) 4149 5624
Photo of Mercy Bvirakare - Mercy Counselling, MC, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Mercy Counselling
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Traralgon, VIC 3844
Life presents challenges that can feel overwhelming at times, and seeking support is a courageous step toward healing. I provide a safe, compassionate space where you can explore the issues you're facing, whether they involve stress, anxiety, depression, anger management, addiction, trauma, grief, family conflict, or relationship difficulties. I offer individual, couples, and family counselling, creating a nurturing environment that encourages self-discovery and growth. My approach is professional, empathic, and non-judgmental, helping you understand your needs and shape your future in alignment with your values.
Life presents challenges that can feel overwhelming at times, and seeking support is a courageous step toward healing. I provide a safe, compassionate space where you can explore the issues you're facing, whether they involve stress, anxiety, depression, anger management, addiction, trauma, grief, family conflict, or relationship difficulties. I offer individual, couples, and family counselling, creating a nurturing environment that encourages self-discovery and growth. My approach is professional, empathic, and non-judgmental, helping you understand your needs and shape your future in alignment with your values.
(03) 4150 5930 View (03) 4150 5930
Photo of Sophia Iordanou - Phoenix Rise Equine Therapies, Counsellor
Phoenix Rise Equine Therapies
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Labertouche, VIC 3816
Phoenix Rise Equine Therapies offers counselling whilst engaging with our amazing therapy horses. Our programs are for children, young people and adults including NDIS participants, with a focus on mental health support through somatic exploration with a holistic and trauma informed approach to healing the mind, body and spirit. We are passionate in supporting those who experience a range of issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, PTSD, trauma, challenging behaviours , difficulty in focus, plus so much more. We tailor our programs to our clients individual goals they are wanting to work towards.
Phoenix Rise Equine Therapies offers counselling whilst engaging with our amazing therapy horses. Our programs are for children, young people and adults including NDIS participants, with a focus on mental health support through somatic exploration with a holistic and trauma informed approach to healing the mind, body and spirit. We are passionate in supporting those who experience a range of issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, PTSD, trauma, challenging behaviours , difficulty in focus, plus so much more. We tailor our programs to our clients individual goals they are wanting to work towards.
(03) 5907 3454 View (03) 5907 3454
Photo of Gabriele Thomson, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Gabriele Thomson
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Two Gather Psychology is where Gabriele is committed to providing clients with a respectful, open-minded and safe space to explore their unique experiences. With a genuine, warm and compassionate nature Gabriele looks forward to assisting each individual on their journey towards greater wellbeing and improved quality of life. Gabriele employs a person-centred and strength-based approach, combining supportive counselling and evidence-based practical strategies to promote desired change. A holistic approach embraces the whole person - body, mind, and spirit.
Two Gather Psychology is where Gabriele is committed to providing clients with a respectful, open-minded and safe space to explore their unique experiences. With a genuine, warm and compassionate nature Gabriele looks forward to assisting each individual on their journey towards greater wellbeing and improved quality of life. Gabriele employs a person-centred and strength-based approach, combining supportive counselling and evidence-based practical strategies to promote desired change. A holistic approach embraces the whole person - body, mind, and spirit.
(08) 6002 2175 View (08) 6002 2175
Photo of James Bowden - Valley Counselling Services, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Valley Counselling Services
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Moe, VIC 3825
Having been through many of life’s issues, with 20 years in industry, and 20 years in professional services, I have a broad spectrum of life experience. As a result my personal understanding of the issues that plague us in life is extensive.
Having been through many of life’s issues, with 20 years in industry, and 20 years in professional services, I have a broad spectrum of life experience. As a result my personal understanding of the issues that plague us in life is extensive.
(03) 6417 0104 View (03) 6417 0104

See more therapy options for Bairnsdale

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Bairnsdale, VIC

< 10

Counsellors in Bairnsdale, VIC who prioritize treating:

89% Relationship Issues
89% Anxiety
89% Stress
78% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
78% Coping Skills
78% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Medicare Rebates
50% Bupa
33% Teachers Health

How Counsellors in Bairnsdale, VIC see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
11% Male
11% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bairnsdale?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.