Photo of Adam Kreuzer | Registered Counsellor , Counsellor in Brighton, VIC
Adam Kreuzer | Registered Counsellor
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Brighton, VIC 3186  (Online Only)
I create a safe and open space for my clients to therapeutically explore their issues, challenges and concerns. My ideal client is someone who is open to exploring the connections between their trauma and life experiences and how this has impacted their lives in positive and negative ways. I like to work with clients that are action and goal oriented, as I like to set homework tasks and brain training exercises to re-wire their thinking in a healthier and more functional way. I am very conversational and my clients like this approach to discussing areas of concern to them.
I create a safe and open space for my clients to therapeutically explore their issues, challenges and concerns. My ideal client is someone who is open to exploring the connections between their trauma and life experiences and how this has impacted their lives in positive and negative ways. I like to work with clients that are action and goal oriented, as I like to set homework tasks and brain training exercises to re-wire their thinking in a healthier and more functional way. I am very conversational and my clients like this approach to discussing areas of concern to them.
(03) 7020 2782 View (03) 7020 2782
Photo of Anita Bonollo - People Psychology, Psychologist in Brighton, VIC
Anita Bonollo - People Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brighton, VIC 3186
Anita works with clients of all ages and diverse backgrounds including individuals, couples and adolescents. She has extensive experience counselling clients and can help you with anxiety, stress, panic attacks, or depression; coping with pain, post-trauma (PTSD), OCD, or workplace issues; managing weight loss; couples therapy and sports psychology. How can Anita help you? Whether you need support, guidance, motivation, or counselling, she can assist you in your journey. Please feel free to book an initial consultation with her.
Anita works with clients of all ages and diverse backgrounds including individuals, couples and adolescents. She has extensive experience counselling clients and can help you with anxiety, stress, panic attacks, or depression; coping with pain, post-trauma (PTSD), OCD, or workplace issues; managing weight loss; couples therapy and sports psychology. How can Anita help you? Whether you need support, guidance, motivation, or counselling, she can assist you in your journey. Please feel free to book an initial consultation with her.
(03) 9068 5232 View (03) 9068 5232
Photo of Melis Topsahin, Counsellor in Brighton, VIC
Melis Topsahin
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Brighton, VIC 3186  (Online Only)
I particularly assist clients that require therapy in the areas of anxiety, substance abuse (other addictions), depression and relationship issues. My focus is on working with the client towards personal development and goal setting. Each client is so very unique, hence, requires a personal counselling approach that is catered entirely for them. As a therapist, i work with various approaches such as: CBT, ACT, humanistic approach and TRTP (trauma therapy) amongst many other(s).
I particularly assist clients that require therapy in the areas of anxiety, substance abuse (other addictions), depression and relationship issues. My focus is on working with the client towards personal development and goal setting. Each client is so very unique, hence, requires a personal counselling approach that is catered entirely for them. As a therapist, i work with various approaches such as: CBT, ACT, humanistic approach and TRTP (trauma therapy) amongst many other(s).
(02) 4504 0146 View (02) 4504 0146
Photo of Melanie Strang, Psychologist in Brighton, VIC
Melanie Strang
Psychologist, MBBS, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brighton, VIC 3186
Hi there ! Thanks for clicking on my profile. I have over 15 years of practitioner experience, initially as a doctor working in mental health, then as a counsellor and presently, a psychologist.
Hi there ! Thanks for clicking on my profile. I have over 15 years of practitioner experience, initially as a doctor working in mental health, then as a counsellor and presently, a psychologist.
(03) 7003 2841 View (03) 7003 2841
Photo of Jo-Elle Warhurst - People Psychology, Psychologist in Brighton, VIC
Jo-Elle Warhurst - People Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brighton, VIC 3186
Jo-Elle is a Registered Psychologist with over twenty years experience specialising in supporting clients, children (5-12 years), teenagers (13-17 years) and adults, to overcome their psychological symptoms to achieve recovery and personal growth. Through the application of CBT, ACT and Mindfulness principles, Jo-Elle is able to assist clients to stabilise anxiety, mood fluctuation, insomnia, social withdrawal and rebuild their self esteem. Jo-Elle quickly establishes rapport with clients across a broad range of sectors and backgrounds to explore their challenges and equip them with the tools to resolve their presenting concerns.
Jo-Elle is a Registered Psychologist with over twenty years experience specialising in supporting clients, children (5-12 years), teenagers (13-17 years) and adults, to overcome their psychological symptoms to achieve recovery and personal growth. Through the application of CBT, ACT and Mindfulness principles, Jo-Elle is able to assist clients to stabilise anxiety, mood fluctuation, insomnia, social withdrawal and rebuild their self esteem. Jo-Elle quickly establishes rapport with clients across a broad range of sectors and backgrounds to explore their challenges and equip them with the tools to resolve their presenting concerns.
(03) 7003 2532 View (03) 7003 2532

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Ronnie Adamowicz, Psychotherapist in Brighton, VIC
Ronnie Adamowicz
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Saint Kilda East, VIC 3183
Are you feeling stuck, like something important is missing from your life, but you can't quite put your finger on it? Do you find it challenging to have your emotional needs met in relationships? Are you trapped in repetitive patterns, struggling to define healthy boundaries? There is a reason behind these struggles, and together, we will uncover what is holding you back, providing you with the clarity and confidence needed to turn things around. I specialize in somatic therapy, an approach that dives deep into the core of unresolved trauma within the body, facilitating rapid healing.
Are you feeling stuck, like something important is missing from your life, but you can't quite put your finger on it? Do you find it challenging to have your emotional needs met in relationships? Are you trapped in repetitive patterns, struggling to define healthy boundaries? There is a reason behind these struggles, and together, we will uncover what is holding you back, providing you with the clarity and confidence needed to turn things around. I specialize in somatic therapy, an approach that dives deep into the core of unresolved trauma within the body, facilitating rapid healing.
(03) 7037 6993 View (03) 7037 6993
Photo of Daniel Leung - Allied Psychology Group, Psychologist in Brighton, VIC
Daniel Leung - Allied Psychology Group
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Armadale, VIC 3143
Dr Daniel Leung is a warm and empathic Clinical Psychologist and PsyBA-Approved Supervisor who has worked in hospital, university, and community mental health settings. He has experience providing short- and long-term therapy for individuals as well as facilitated group-based therapy programs in both inpatient and outpatient settings designed to reduce the impact of anxiety and depression. He primarily works with mid-to-late adolescents and adults who are struggling with mental health issues such as anxiety disorders (e.g., social anxiety, GAD, panic disorder, OCD), depression, complex trauma and PTSD, and substance use issues.
Dr Daniel Leung is a warm and empathic Clinical Psychologist and PsyBA-Approved Supervisor who has worked in hospital, university, and community mental health settings. He has experience providing short- and long-term therapy for individuals as well as facilitated group-based therapy programs in both inpatient and outpatient settings designed to reduce the impact of anxiety and depression. He primarily works with mid-to-late adolescents and adults who are struggling with mental health issues such as anxiety disorders (e.g., social anxiety, GAD, panic disorder, OCD), depression, complex trauma and PTSD, and substance use issues.
(02) 4810 0693 View (02) 4810 0693
Photo of Elena Manning, Psychologist in Brighton, VIC
Elena Manning
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Caulfield North, VIC 3161  (Online Only)
Elena uses compassion, acceptance and trauma-informed approaches to help people break down barriers to recovery and achieve some lightness and balance in their life.
Elena is a registered Psychologist with many years’ experience assisting people manage life stressors and challenges. Elena’s experience stems from years working in various setting to support people struggling with mental health. She utilizes a range of approaches, tailored to meet the individual’s needs, and recognizes that everyone has strengths and capabilities that that can be built on.
Elena uses compassion, acceptance and trauma-informed approaches to help people break down barriers to recovery and achieve some lightness and balance in their life.
Elena is a registered Psychologist with many years’ experience assisting people manage life stressors and challenges. Elena’s experience stems from years working in various setting to support people struggling with mental health. She utilizes a range of approaches, tailored to meet the individual’s needs, and recognizes that everyone has strengths and capabilities that that can be built on.
(03) 9068 5778 View (03) 9068 5778
Photo of Julia McCarthy, Psychologist in Brighton, VIC
Julia McCarthy
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Kew, VIC 3101
Clinical Psychologist- Julia has over 15 years of experience in the mental health sector including community, clinical and juvenile forensic settings. Julia enjoys working with a range of psychological issues that young people and adults may be experiencing. These may include: trauma, gender dysphoria, personality disorders, self-harm, voices, psychotic illnesses, relationship difficulties, loss and grief, anxiety and depression. Julia also undertakes WPATH assessments for Gender-Diverse people seeking gender-affirming surgery. In addition, board approved Clinical Supervision. Visit us at www.ivanhoepsychologicalservices.com
Clinical Psychologist- Julia has over 15 years of experience in the mental health sector including community, clinical and juvenile forensic settings. Julia enjoys working with a range of psychological issues that young people and adults may be experiencing. These may include: trauma, gender dysphoria, personality disorders, self-harm, voices, psychotic illnesses, relationship difficulties, loss and grief, anxiety and depression. Julia also undertakes WPATH assessments for Gender-Diverse people seeking gender-affirming surgery. In addition, board approved Clinical Supervision. Visit us at www.ivanhoepsychologicalservices.com
0421 400 682 View 0421 400 682
Photo of Mark Hooy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brighton, VIC
Mark Hooy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Principally as an IFS (level 2) and EMDR therapist my work involves guiding clients in healing, and recovery, towards fulfilling one's potential in life. Regardless of the burden, or challenge, from complex trauma, PTSD, personality disorders, grief, anxiety, depression, phobias, and addictions, healing is the focus. My work focuses on a compassionate, warm, trauma informed, and person-centered approach, applying evidence-based trauma therapies such as EMDR, IFS, as well as DBT, CBT, Narrative Therapy and Mindfulness. All people and their needs are warmly welcomed.
Principally as an IFS (level 2) and EMDR therapist my work involves guiding clients in healing, and recovery, towards fulfilling one's potential in life. Regardless of the burden, or challenge, from complex trauma, PTSD, personality disorders, grief, anxiety, depression, phobias, and addictions, healing is the focus. My work focuses on a compassionate, warm, trauma informed, and person-centered approach, applying evidence-based trauma therapies such as EMDR, IFS, as well as DBT, CBT, Narrative Therapy and Mindfulness. All people and their needs are warmly welcomed.
(03) 7003 2951 View (03) 7003 2951
Photo of Louis Spence, Psychotherapist in Brighton, VIC
Louis Spence
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Louis's psychotherapeutic education was built upon a framework of Person-Centred Therapy, attachment repair, and trauma therapy.
Louis is an integrative psychotherapist who offers ongoing individual psychotherapy to people of all kinds. They specialise in working with LGBTQIA+ people and their families, people in non-normative relationships, workers in the sex industry, and others whose experiences of marginalisation have affected their mental health and access to affirmative treatment. They are passionate about exploring the intersections of individual mental health and systemic forces, and helping clients to find congruent and meaningful ways of understanding their experiences and navigating the world.
Louis's psychotherapeutic education was built upon a framework of Person-Centred Therapy, attachment repair, and trauma therapy.
Louis is an integrative psychotherapist who offers ongoing individual psychotherapy to people of all kinds. They specialise in working with LGBTQIA+ people and their families, people in non-normative relationships, workers in the sex industry, and others whose experiences of marginalisation have affected their mental health and access to affirmative treatment. They are passionate about exploring the intersections of individual mental health and systemic forces, and helping clients to find congruent and meaningful ways of understanding their experiences and navigating the world.
(02) 4504 0330 View (02) 4504 0330
Photo of Blanca Ramos, Psychotherapist in Brighton, VIC
Blanca Ramos
Psychotherapist, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Brighton East, VIC 3187
Her practice incorporates both traditional talk therapies with a body-centric approach and neuroscientific understanding of trauma.
Blanca offers gentle and caring support combined with a belief in our inherent ability to heal. As an integrative psychotherapist, she interweaves psychology with trauma-informed practices, somatic psychotherapy and mindfulness providing a holistic approach that supports alignment of mind, body, and spirit in therapeutic healing.
Her practice incorporates both traditional talk therapies with a body-centric approach and neuroscientific understanding of trauma.
Blanca offers gentle and caring support combined with a belief in our inherent ability to heal. As an integrative psychotherapist, she interweaves psychology with trauma-informed practices, somatic psychotherapy and mindfulness providing a holistic approach that supports alignment of mind, body, and spirit in therapeutic healing.
(03) 7003 2672 View (03) 7003 2672
Photo of Therese Raulin, Psychotherapist in Brighton, VIC
Therese Raulin
Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
Toorak, VIC 3142  (Online Only)
I adopt a trauma informed approach to therapy and treatment and provide expert consultation to the mental health sector in the promotion of a psychoanalytic approach to treatment.
I specialise in developing an understanding of and treating children, adolescents and adults struggling to cope with challenges related to the past. I treat behavioural difficulties, emotional dysregulation and a broad range of presentations due to complex trauma. I have a particular interest in early life experience and the impact on attachment relationships. I am referred patients through Psychiatrists, Paediatricians, GPs and families seeking an alternative treatment to the usual medication focussed response to ADHD, ODD and ADD presentations and abuse. I undertake psychodynamic assessment and treatment that gets great results.
I adopt a trauma informed approach to therapy and treatment and provide expert consultation to the mental health sector in the promotion of a psychoanalytic approach to treatment.
I specialise in developing an understanding of and treating children, adolescents and adults struggling to cope with challenges related to the past. I treat behavioural difficulties, emotional dysregulation and a broad range of presentations due to complex trauma. I have a particular interest in early life experience and the impact on attachment relationships. I am referred patients through Psychiatrists, Paediatricians, GPs and families seeking an alternative treatment to the usual medication focussed response to ADHD, ODD and ADD presentations and abuse. I undertake psychodynamic assessment and treatment that gets great results.
(02) 4810 0672 View (02) 4810 0672
Photo of Touraj Afshar, Psychotherapist in Brighton, VIC
Touraj Afshar
Psychotherapist, MSc, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Touraj is bilingual (English & Farsi) and the founder of Yarra Holistic Healing Centre in Melbourne. For over two decades, Touraj has been providing psychotherapy, hypnotherapy, EMDR, EFT, Family and Couples and Marriage consultations at his centre. Touraj can provide the support you need to eliminate unwanted behaviour and unhealthy feelings in order to achieve your goals. He will offer a 30-minute complimentary consultation so you can decide if he is the right therapist for you. He has presented workshops on a variety of topics including ‘How to Improve Relationships' and ‘Understanding and managing psychological trauma’.
Touraj is bilingual (English & Farsi) and the founder of Yarra Holistic Healing Centre in Melbourne. For over two decades, Touraj has been providing psychotherapy, hypnotherapy, EMDR, EFT, Family and Couples and Marriage consultations at his centre. Touraj can provide the support you need to eliminate unwanted behaviour and unhealthy feelings in order to achieve your goals. He will offer a 30-minute complimentary consultation so you can decide if he is the right therapist for you. He has presented workshops on a variety of topics including ‘How to Improve Relationships' and ‘Understanding and managing psychological trauma’.
(03) 8400 0664 View (03) 8400 0664
Photo of Adam's Counselling, Counsellor in Brighton, VIC
Adam's Counselling
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Caulfield, VIC 3162
Specialties include: General Counselling, Trauma, Addiction, Anger Management, Career Guidance, Depression, Family therapy, Grief and Loss, Relationships, Music and vocal performance, NDIS participants in need of counselling regarding physical or mental disability.
Hello and welcome to Adam’s counselling. I offer a counselling service which is based on empathy, listening and exploring every day feelings concerning your life. Your voice is important to me and I treasure your individual uniqueness. It is my objective to unpack the feelings and emotions that are important to you so that you have an outlet to work through every day issues and challenges that affect you. Creating this connection is of critical importance to me and I hope we can share this wonderful journey together. I am a Master's qualified counsellor with positive customer testimonials as seen at www.adamscounselling.com.au
Specialties include: General Counselling, Trauma, Addiction, Anger Management, Career Guidance, Depression, Family therapy, Grief and Loss, Relationships, Music and vocal performance, NDIS participants in need of counselling regarding physical or mental disability.
Hello and welcome to Adam’s counselling. I offer a counselling service which is based on empathy, listening and exploring every day feelings concerning your life. Your voice is important to me and I treasure your individual uniqueness. It is my objective to unpack the feelings and emotions that are important to you so that you have an outlet to work through every day issues and challenges that affect you. Creating this connection is of critical importance to me and I hope we can share this wonderful journey together. I am a Master's qualified counsellor with positive customer testimonials as seen at www.adamscounselling.com.au
(03) 7003 2964 View (03) 7003 2964
Photo of Mindful Counselling Australia, Psychotherapist in Brighton, VIC
Mindful Counselling Australia
Psychotherapist, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
As a psychotherapist and counsellor , I work from a humanistic and trauma-informed model of care.
Life can be challenging at times. When we are faced with challenges we may feel alone, 'stuck', confused or feel that our well-being is being compromised. I work with children, adolescents and adults struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, grief , loss or trauma, or are experiencing domestic violence. At the same juncture, you may want some help overcoming anxiety when faced with a job interview or an exam. By working within the therapy framework, clients learn to understand themselves better and see what is needed to become empowered in their own lives.
As a psychotherapist and counsellor , I work from a humanistic and trauma-informed model of care.
Life can be challenging at times. When we are faced with challenges we may feel alone, 'stuck', confused or feel that our well-being is being compromised. I work with children, adolescents and adults struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, grief , loss or trauma, or are experiencing domestic violence. At the same juncture, you may want some help overcoming anxiety when faced with a job interview or an exam. By working within the therapy framework, clients learn to understand themselves better and see what is needed to become empowered in their own lives.
(03) 5911 3014 View (03) 5911 3014
Photo of Sylvia Chen - Individual And Couples Counselling, Counsellor in Brighton, VIC
Sylvia Chen - Individual And Couples Counselling
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
I am a trauma-informed clinical counsellor, Somatic Experiencing practitioner, gong sound healer, breathwork facilitator that firmly believes in the value of human life. I have experience in a range of areas including marriage/relationship, anxiety and stress, trauma, depression, attachment, family of origin issues, parenting, grief & loss, personal growth & development, special need supports and chronic health related concerns. ​I am warm, caring and insightful. I am here to support your integration, and all of the various parts of your personality and being, into a balanced and joyful whole, made up of body, mind and soul.
I am a trauma-informed clinical counsellor, Somatic Experiencing practitioner, gong sound healer, breathwork facilitator that firmly believes in the value of human life. I have experience in a range of areas including marriage/relationship, anxiety and stress, trauma, depression, attachment, family of origin issues, parenting, grief & loss, personal growth & development, special need supports and chronic health related concerns. ​I am warm, caring and insightful. I am here to support your integration, and all of the various parts of your personality and being, into a balanced and joyful whole, made up of body, mind and soul.
(02) 8403 0049 View (02) 8403 0049
Photo of Richard Elms Therapy Training Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brighton, VIC
Richard Elms Therapy Training Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
Richard provides therapy for children, adolescents & adults with issues including anxiety & depression, behavioural problems, domestic violence, anger problems, sexual abuse, addiction, disability, trauma, parenting challenges, relationship problems etc.
Richard Elms is an experienced therapist, offering compassionate and solution focussed counselling, working together with his clients to create meaningful and lasting change in their lives. Richard also provides clinical and professional supervision as well as training to other professionals.
Richard provides therapy for children, adolescents & adults with issues including anxiety & depression, behavioural problems, domestic violence, anger problems, sexual abuse, addiction, disability, trauma, parenting challenges, relationship problems etc.
Richard Elms is an experienced therapist, offering compassionate and solution focussed counselling, working together with his clients to create meaningful and lasting change in their lives. Richard also provides clinical and professional supervision as well as training to other professionals.
(07) 5241 2997 View (07) 5241 2997
Photo of Bonnie Beazley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brighton, VIC
Bonnie Beazley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
I have over 20 years of experience providing counselling and psychotherapy for people with a broad range of emotional health challenges. I specialise in working with trauma, PTSD and cross-cultural mental health for 15 years as an experienced counsellor in a non profit sector. My approach is collaborative, nonjudgmental and trauma-informed. I embrace interconnectedness and all forms of diversity. I take a holistic, integrative and embodied approach, attending to the connection of mind, body, spirit, and the environment.
I have over 20 years of experience providing counselling and psychotherapy for people with a broad range of emotional health challenges. I specialise in working with trauma, PTSD and cross-cultural mental health for 15 years as an experienced counsellor in a non profit sector. My approach is collaborative, nonjudgmental and trauma-informed. I embrace interconnectedness and all forms of diversity. I take a holistic, integrative and embodied approach, attending to the connection of mind, body, spirit, and the environment.
(08) 6206 8971 View (08) 6206 8971
Photo of Priya Rajan, Counsellor in Brighton, VIC
Priya Rajan
Counsellor, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
Empowering minds, one conversation at a time. For someone seeking support for mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma-related issues or simply looking for personal growth opportunities in therapy, I am here to walk alongside with my clients through collaboratively created personalised treatment plans tailored to each person's unique strengths, needs and goals. My focus is to delve deeper into the underlying issues, explore past experiences and unconscious patterns that may be contributing to an individual's current struggles and gain valuable insights that facilitate healing and personal growth.
Empowering minds, one conversation at a time. For someone seeking support for mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma-related issues or simply looking for personal growth opportunities in therapy, I am here to walk alongside with my clients through collaboratively created personalised treatment plans tailored to each person's unique strengths, needs and goals. My focus is to delve deeper into the underlying issues, explore past experiences and unconscious patterns that may be contributing to an individual's current struggles and gain valuable insights that facilitate healing and personal growth.
(08) 7170 5929 View (08) 7170 5929

See more therapy options for Brighton

Trauma and PTSD Counsellors

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.