Counselling in Gumeracha, SA

Photo of Jane Armstrong - Reclaim Psychology, MPsych, PsyBA - Health Psych., Psychologist
Reclaim Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Health Psych.
Verified Verified
Gumeracha, SA 5233  (Online Only)
People access therapy for concerns related to anxiety, stress, depression, grief and loss, relationship concerns, identity, self-esteem, life transitions, parenting, trauma, or simply to maintain positive mental health. I offer holistic Psychology services for adults and teens with a wide range of mental health issues and life challenges. Living in a rural location myself, I understand how difficult it can be to access help. Therapy is offered via phone which enables me to assist clients anywhere in Australia. This ensures flexibility for people that have difficulty accessing appointments due to work and family commitments.
People access therapy for concerns related to anxiety, stress, depression, grief and loss, relationship concerns, identity, self-esteem, life transitions, parenting, trauma, or simply to maintain positive mental health. I offer holistic Psychology services for adults and teens with a wide range of mental health issues and life challenges. Living in a rural location myself, I understand how difficult it can be to access help. Therapy is offered via phone which enables me to assist clients anywhere in Australia. This ensures flexibility for people that have difficulty accessing appointments due to work and family commitments.
(08) 7562 8634 View (08) 7562 8634
Photo of Catherine Williams
Catherine Williams
Verified Verified
Gumeracha, SA 5233
Waitlist for new clients
I have been a counsellor for the past 20 years and I am passionate about helping people to grow and develop their sense of self. I recently qualified in Family Therapy and Systemic Practice and I see Family Therapy as a game changer in terms of moving individuals and families through problems, quickly. I take a strong position in being authentic, non-judgemental and transparent. The relationships that make up our world are important and are informed by the relationship we have with ourselves. Great mental health is the most precious thing we possess and we need to take time to cherish, nourish and protect it.
I have been a counsellor for the past 20 years and I am passionate about helping people to grow and develop their sense of self. I recently qualified in Family Therapy and Systemic Practice and I see Family Therapy as a game changer in terms of moving individuals and families through problems, quickly. I take a strong position in being authentic, non-judgemental and transparent. The relationships that make up our world are important and are informed by the relationship we have with ourselves. Great mental health is the most precious thing we possess and we need to take time to cherish, nourish and protect it.
(08) 7100 9149 View (08) 7100 9149

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Elena Manning, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Elena Manning
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000  (Online Only)
Elena is a registered Psychologist with many years’ experience assisting people manage life stressors and challenges. Elena’s experience stems from years working in various setting to support people struggling with mental health. She utilizes a range of approaches, tailored to meet the individual’s needs, and recognizes that everyone has strengths and capabilities that that can be built on.
Elena is a registered Psychologist with many years’ experience assisting people manage life stressors and challenges. Elena’s experience stems from years working in various setting to support people struggling with mental health. She utilizes a range of approaches, tailored to meet the individual’s needs, and recognizes that everyone has strengths and capabilities that that can be built on.
(03) 9068 5778 View (03) 9068 5778
Photo of Broady Robertson, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Broady Robertson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000
Hi, I'm Broady (he/him), an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker deeply committed to improving mental health outcomes for neurodivergent individuals and the LGBTIQA+ community. With a personal background as a queer and neurodivergent individual, I bring a unique perspective to my practice, understanding firsthand how stigma and discrimination can adversely affect mental health. I am dedicated to providing trauma-informed, neuro-affirming, sex-positive, and sexuality and gender affirming care, ensuring a safe and nurturing therapeutic environment where everyone is respected for their individuality and encouraged to be themselves.
Hi, I'm Broady (he/him), an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker deeply committed to improving mental health outcomes for neurodivergent individuals and the LGBTIQA+ community. With a personal background as a queer and neurodivergent individual, I bring a unique perspective to my practice, understanding firsthand how stigma and discrimination can adversely affect mental health. I am dedicated to providing trauma-informed, neuro-affirming, sex-positive, and sexuality and gender affirming care, ensuring a safe and nurturing therapeutic environment where everyone is respected for their individuality and encouraged to be themselves.
(03) 7003 2814 View (03) 7003 2814
Photo of Lisa Gale - Green Door Counselling, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Green Door Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Morphett Vale, SA 5162
Neuro affirming practice, empowering Children, Young People and Parents. I provide therapy to private clients and NDIS participants. Supporting positive changes to live your best life. Find relief, guidance and connection with a compassionate counsellor who understands the amazing ND brain, parenting and life challenges. Rediscover your strength and reclaim joy.
Neuro affirming practice, empowering Children, Young People and Parents. I provide therapy to private clients and NDIS participants. Supporting positive changes to live your best life. Find relief, guidance and connection with a compassionate counsellor who understands the amazing ND brain, parenting and life challenges. Rediscover your strength and reclaim joy.
(08) 7110 0957 View (08) 7110 0957
Photo of Reed Clark, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Reed Clark
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000  (Online Only)
Telehealth Only at present..... I am dedicated to improving men's mental health through empowering you to better understand your thoughts, feelings and behaviors in a way that enables you to live a higher life. Through engaging in therapy, you can feel heard, understood and helped, with a focus on developing practical tools to help you manage the challenges of life. I have 15 plus years of experience supporting men in Defence, hospitals, the veteran's community and in private practice, and believe that gaining insight into your own experience can lead to new ways of living.
Telehealth Only at present..... I am dedicated to improving men's mental health through empowering you to better understand your thoughts, feelings and behaviors in a way that enables you to live a higher life. Through engaging in therapy, you can feel heard, understood and helped, with a focus on developing practical tools to help you manage the challenges of life. I have 15 plus years of experience supporting men in Defence, hospitals, the veteran's community and in private practice, and believe that gaining insight into your own experience can lead to new ways of living.
(07) 2801 6335 View (07) 2801 6335
Photo of Dr Reza Nejad -Clinical Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Dr Reza Nejad -Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000
I am a registered clinical psychologist with over 24 years of experience working with individuals with anxiety, depression and trauma. I hold a Doctoral Degree in Clinical Psychology at the University of Adelaide as well as Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees in psychology. I can assist you with a range of presenting issues including depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, adjustment difficulties, anger management, bullying and harassment, self-esteem issues, self-development, ADHD, eating disorder, OCD, body image issues, couple therapy and grief.
I am a registered clinical psychologist with over 24 years of experience working with individuals with anxiety, depression and trauma. I hold a Doctoral Degree in Clinical Psychology at the University of Adelaide as well as Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees in psychology. I can assist you with a range of presenting issues including depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, adjustment difficulties, anger management, bullying and harassment, self-esteem issues, self-development, ADHD, eating disorder, OCD, body image issues, couple therapy and grief.
(08) 8646 5602 View (08) 8646 5602
Photo of Richard Browne, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Richard Browne
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000
I work with men on a variety of issues that affect their lives. In person in Adelaide or online/via phone to fit your needs. Life is complicated. Let's talk.
I work with men on a variety of issues that affect their lives. In person in Adelaide or online/via phone to fit your needs. Life is complicated. Let's talk.
(02) 9100 0668 View (02) 9100 0668
Photo of Margot Trinder, MPsych, MAPS, Psychologist
Margot Trinder
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000  (Online Only)
I am a warm and experienced psychologist working with adults across the lifespan to address a broad range of issues. I bring deep respect and awareness to how each person's story, needs and circumstances are different. I draw from my decades of experience and professional training across a wide range of therapeutic modalities. My work is guided by a strong systemic approach: seeing all parts of a person, as well as the layers of relationships, family, work, culture and society that have and continue to influence and shape us. My approach ensures that each person I work with receives support tailored specifically for them.
I am a warm and experienced psychologist working with adults across the lifespan to address a broad range of issues. I bring deep respect and awareness to how each person's story, needs and circumstances are different. I draw from my decades of experience and professional training across a wide range of therapeutic modalities. My work is guided by a strong systemic approach: seeing all parts of a person, as well as the layers of relationships, family, work, culture and society that have and continue to influence and shape us. My approach ensures that each person I work with receives support tailored specifically for them.
(07) 5240 9828 View (07) 5240 9828
Photo of Toni Knight
Toni Knight
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000  (Online Only)
You're a busy, highly achieving professional and you're getting tired. Possibly burning out. You're feeling more negative these days and you're struggling sometimes to bring your usual 'A game' to what you do. You've tried holidays, 'self care' and self-help, but nothing seems to do much to move you out of the gloom. You feel stuck. And you're worried, because this can't continue. You want to get your mojo back, continue to achieve greatly, and keep bringing the good stuff to your people. Joyfully. Your work matters, and you want to be all you can be. You want to thrive. But how do you even begin to get back to who you truly are?
You're a busy, highly achieving professional and you're getting tired. Possibly burning out. You're feeling more negative these days and you're struggling sometimes to bring your usual 'A game' to what you do. You've tried holidays, 'self care' and self-help, but nothing seems to do much to move you out of the gloom. You feel stuck. And you're worried, because this can't continue. You want to get your mojo back, continue to achieve greatly, and keep bringing the good stuff to your people. Joyfully. Your work matters, and you want to be all you can be. You want to thrive. But how do you even begin to get back to who you truly are?
(02) 4077 2834 View (02) 4077 2834
Photo of Milijana Stojadinovic, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Milijana Stojadinovic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Port Adelaide, SA 5015
I can work with a whole range of people with a variety of mental health presentations. If you are experiencing depression, anxiety, grief and loss, and any traumatic symptoms such as hypervigilance, sleeplessness, general worry but not sure why, or if you have a direct traumatic experience you would like support with, i can help! If you are a child or young person and you don't want to 'talk' but you want to 'talk' then i can support you with lots of different 'talking' and 'non-talking' therapeutic options. If you have any questions then please email me or give me a call. I'd love to chat.
I can work with a whole range of people with a variety of mental health presentations. If you are experiencing depression, anxiety, grief and loss, and any traumatic symptoms such as hypervigilance, sleeplessness, general worry but not sure why, or if you have a direct traumatic experience you would like support with, i can help! If you are a child or young person and you don't want to 'talk' but you want to 'talk' then i can support you with lots of different 'talking' and 'non-talking' therapeutic options. If you have any questions then please email me or give me a call. I'd love to chat.
(08) 7008 7668 View (08) 7008 7668
Photo of Sandra English, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Sandra English
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Woodville South, SA 5011
New Referrals Welcome - Hello, I'm Sandra. I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist with over 12 years of experience. My primary aim is to establish a supportive environment to assist people of all ages. My experience includes working with people in private practice and a school setting. My therapeutic approach revolves around putting the client at the centre, and I design treatment plans that are customised to suit each individual and their personal goals.
New Referrals Welcome - Hello, I'm Sandra. I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist with over 12 years of experience. My primary aim is to establish a supportive environment to assist people of all ages. My experience includes working with people in private practice and a school setting. My therapeutic approach revolves around putting the client at the centre, and I design treatment plans that are customised to suit each individual and their personal goals.
View
Photo of Daniela Dorney
Daniela Dorney
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000  (Online Only)
Trauma Informed Therapy - Neuroaffirming Support
Trauma Informed Therapy - Neuroaffirming Support
(03) 6174 1368 View (03) 6174 1368
Photo of Christina Ramo - Alithea Health, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Alithea Health
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000
Alithea is a counselling practice that helps you make sense of the world and create a way forward. Based in Adelaide, SA, Alithea provides life-enhancing skills in a dedicated space to support every step on your path to growth and transformation.
Alithea is a counselling practice that helps you make sense of the world and create a way forward. Based in Adelaide, SA, Alithea provides life-enhancing skills in a dedicated space to support every step on your path to growth and transformation.
(08) 7008 7963 View (08) 7008 7963
Photo of Claire Avenell - Claire Avenell - People Psychology, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Claire Avenell - People Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Walkerville, SA 5081
Get help by seeing Claire, who has extensive experience with: Adults & Adolescent / Teenager (17-19 years) Issues ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) & ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) Anger Management & Aggression Anxiety Disorders (including Social Anxiety, Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Health Anxiety) ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) (LEVEL 1 ONLY) Assertiveness Building Self-Esteem Burnout Career Issues Coaching & Personal Development Communication skills Coping Skills Cyclothymia (Shorter-Term Mania & Depression) Depression and Low Mood Fear of Failure Infidelity & Cheating Issues
Get help by seeing Claire, who has extensive experience with: Adults & Adolescent / Teenager (17-19 years) Issues ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) & ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) Anger Management & Aggression Anxiety Disorders (including Social Anxiety, Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Health Anxiety) ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) (LEVEL 1 ONLY) Assertiveness Building Self-Esteem Burnout Career Issues Coaching & Personal Development Communication skills Coping Skills Cyclothymia (Shorter-Term Mania & Depression) Depression and Low Mood Fear of Failure Infidelity & Cheating Issues
(03) 9133 0996 View (03) 9133 0996
Photo of Mariya Zubaryeva, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mariya Zubaryeva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Goodwood, SA 5034
Hi and welcome to Calm Cove Therapy. Are you wondering about seeking help but finding the process daunting and overwhelming? I’m here to assist you with taking this courageous step easier! My mission is to empower clients to navigate life's tumultuous seas with grace and resilience, finding calm amidst the chaos. I am passionate about helping others heal and discover the richness of their inner worlds through powerful use of therapy (such as EMDR, Schema Therapy and other modalities). This can aid with understanding, embracing, and accepting why we are the way we are and how we can create a life that is meaningful and fulfilling.
Hi and welcome to Calm Cove Therapy. Are you wondering about seeking help but finding the process daunting and overwhelming? I’m here to assist you with taking this courageous step easier! My mission is to empower clients to navigate life's tumultuous seas with grace and resilience, finding calm amidst the chaos. I am passionate about helping others heal and discover the richness of their inner worlds through powerful use of therapy (such as EMDR, Schema Therapy and other modalities). This can aid with understanding, embracing, and accepting why we are the way we are and how we can create a life that is meaningful and fulfilling.
(08) 7008 9798 View (08) 7008 9798
Photo of Melissa Sherman, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Melissa Sherman
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Frewville, SA 5063
I am a passionate advocate for client-centred care and collaborative practice and value growing the therapeutic relationship through empathy, warmth, and compassion. I strive to provide a safe, non-judgemental therapeutic space to allow clients to meet their goals. I tailor my practice to suit individual needs. I am supported by my therapy dog Ronnie, who provides a comforting presence and works with clients who are undertaking exposure therapy for phobias of dogs. If you would like Ronnie in your sessions, he will be happy to join you.
I am a passionate advocate for client-centred care and collaborative practice and value growing the therapeutic relationship through empathy, warmth, and compassion. I strive to provide a safe, non-judgemental therapeutic space to allow clients to meet their goals. I tailor my practice to suit individual needs. I am supported by my therapy dog Ronnie, who provides a comforting presence and works with clients who are undertaking exposure therapy for phobias of dogs. If you would like Ronnie in your sessions, he will be happy to join you.
(08) 7008 9807 View (08) 7008 9807
Photo of Alana Settecasi - Set Focus, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alana Settecasi - Set Focus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Saint Morris, SA 5068
Are you seeking emotional support and coping strategies to navigate life's stressors? I'm Alana, a dedicated therapist at Set Focus, here to help you manage depression, anxiety, stress, or trauma—especially those related to relationships, career, health, and family dynamics. At Set Focus, we believe that therapy should feel like a sanctuary—a place where you can slow down, reflect, and recharge. In our initial sessions, we will deeply explore your concerns and collaborate to create a plan that addresses these issues, helping you regain control of your life.
Are you seeking emotional support and coping strategies to navigate life's stressors? I'm Alana, a dedicated therapist at Set Focus, here to help you manage depression, anxiety, stress, or trauma—especially those related to relationships, career, health, and family dynamics. At Set Focus, we believe that therapy should feel like a sanctuary—a place where you can slow down, reflect, and recharge. In our initial sessions, we will deeply explore your concerns and collaborate to create a plan that addresses these issues, helping you regain control of your life.
(08) 7008 7068 View (08) 7008 7068
Photo of Elena Beutel, MPsych
Elena Beutel
MPsych
Verified Verified
Adelaide, SA 5000  (Online Only)
As a dedicated Christian counselor and coach, I offer evidence-based techniques and guidance rooted in Christian values. My clients often seek support for issues such as anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, loneliness, addiction, and lack of professional fulfillment. With eight years of experience on the forefront of modern psychology, I have observed negative trends that exacerbate human suffering, which is why I advocate for a Christian approach. Through personalized coaching and counseling sessions, I help clients identify unhealthy patterns and embark on a journey of growth and healing.
As a dedicated Christian counselor and coach, I offer evidence-based techniques and guidance rooted in Christian values. My clients often seek support for issues such as anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, loneliness, addiction, and lack of professional fulfillment. With eight years of experience on the forefront of modern psychology, I have observed negative trends that exacerbate human suffering, which is why I advocate for a Christian approach. Through personalized coaching and counseling sessions, I help clients identify unhealthy patterns and embark on a journey of growth and healing.
(02) 5950 6462 View (02) 5950 6462
Photo of Humera Rafiq, MPsych, MAPS, Psychologist
Humera Rafiq
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Warradale, SA 5046
Right Path Psychology has caring and skilled Psychologists that excel in a range of general and clinical psychological services such as Depression, Anxiety, Relationship Counselling, Stress Management, EAP and Trauma counselling, Onsite organisation support, Redundancies, Trauma Debriefing, Emotional Resilience and other issues.
Right Path Psychology has caring and skilled Psychologists that excel in a range of general and clinical psychological services such as Depression, Anxiety, Relationship Counselling, Stress Management, EAP and Trauma counselling, Onsite organisation support, Redundancies, Trauma Debriefing, Emotional Resilience and other issues.
(08) 8646 5609 View (08) 8646 5609

See more therapy options for Gumeracha

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Gumeracha, SA

< 10

Counsellors in Gumeracha, SA who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Coping Skills
100% Self Esteem
100% Stress
50% Child

Average years in practice

18 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Counsellors in Gumeracha, SA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Gumeracha?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.