Counselling in Footscray, VIC

Photo of Renata Mathews, Psychologist in Footscray, VIC
Renata Mathews
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Waitlist for new clients
Hi, my name is Renata. I am a registered psychologist with over 10 years experience working in both the private and public sector, including correctional settings and alcohol and drug services. I have experience working with adults with different presentation and from different walks of life. I have worked with people who have experienced significant trauma and emotional distress, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, grief and loss, emotional dysregulation and life transitions. I am passionate about creating a safe and non-judgemental environment for clients to feel empowered to address their underlying concerns.
Hi, my name is Renata. I am a registered psychologist with over 10 years experience working in both the private and public sector, including correctional settings and alcohol and drug services. I have experience working with adults with different presentation and from different walks of life. I have worked with people who have experienced significant trauma and emotional distress, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, grief and loss, emotional dysregulation and life transitions. I am passionate about creating a safe and non-judgemental environment for clients to feel empowered to address their underlying concerns.
(03) 8594 4010 View (03) 8594 4010
Photo of Lauren Breen (The Iceberg Foundation), Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Lauren Breen (The Iceberg Foundation)
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Hi there, my name is Lauren (she/her). I am a genuine and compassionate counsellor that believes in your capacity for connection, growth and positive change. I support individuals to increase self-awareness and improve wellbeing by assisting them to identify their strengths and values, and build confidence and motivation to navigate psychological and systemic barriers. I work from a trauma-informed, person-centred, and social justice framework which means that I strive to honour, respect and affirm your unique identity and the way you move through the world.
Hi there, my name is Lauren (she/her). I am a genuine and compassionate counsellor that believes in your capacity for connection, growth and positive change. I support individuals to increase self-awareness and improve wellbeing by assisting them to identify their strengths and values, and build confidence and motivation to navigate psychological and systemic barriers. I work from a trauma-informed, person-centred, and social justice framework which means that I strive to honour, respect and affirm your unique identity and the way you move through the world.
(03) 8594 0105 View (03) 8594 0105
Photo of Felix Perigrie, Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Felix Perigrie
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Footscray, VIC 3011
Online Australia-wide. I work with teens and adults on the ADHD and Autistic spectrum, LGBTQIA+ folks, and anyone who has ever felt like they don’t fit in with society’s expectations. You’re not alone, and we’re surrounded by messages about how we’re supposed to be and when we don’t measure up it leaves us feeling isolated, wrong and hopeless. But you aren’t the problem, and therapy isn’t about fixing you. You’re already enough, and sometimes we all need a little help in remembering that who we are underneath the mask is someone worth knowing, loving, and learning from.
Online Australia-wide. I work with teens and adults on the ADHD and Autistic spectrum, LGBTQIA+ folks, and anyone who has ever felt like they don’t fit in with society’s expectations. You’re not alone, and we’re surrounded by messages about how we’re supposed to be and when we don’t measure up it leaves us feeling isolated, wrong and hopeless. But you aren’t the problem, and therapy isn’t about fixing you. You’re already enough, and sometimes we all need a little help in remembering that who we are underneath the mask is someone worth knowing, loving, and learning from.
(03) 8592 9249 View (03) 8592 9249
Photo of Joanne Cook, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Footscray, VIC
Joanne Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Hi, I’m Jo. I am a registered Mental Health Social Worker and Clinical Family Therapist with experience working in public and private mental health settings. I primarily work with children and adolescents using a systemic approach of involving parents where appropriate. My work with children incorporates play and considers their developmental age. I also offer therapeutic interventions to individual adults and families. I enjoy the dynamic nature of family and parent-child therapy, to help mobilise your individual and collective strengths that will promote deeper connectivity and improve family relationships.
Hi, I’m Jo. I am a registered Mental Health Social Worker and Clinical Family Therapist with experience working in public and private mental health settings. I primarily work with children and adolescents using a systemic approach of involving parents where appropriate. My work with children incorporates play and considers their developmental age. I also offer therapeutic interventions to individual adults and families. I enjoy the dynamic nature of family and parent-child therapy, to help mobilise your individual and collective strengths that will promote deeper connectivity and improve family relationships.
(08) 9126 9091 View (08) 9126 9091
Photo of Natalia Burfurd, Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Natalia Burfurd
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I work with a wide variety of issues. I am patient and empathic. I appreciate that change can occur quickly or slowly. I work in various locations around the city and western suburbs. I have over twenty years experience as a professional counsellor. I have obtained a Bachelor of Arts (Psychology/ Anthropology), a Graduate Diploma in Loss and Grief Counselling, a Diploma of Learning Solutions in Counselling, a Master of Social Work (Qualifying), a Graduate Certificate in Disability and Inclusion and a Master of Mental Health. I am passionate about growth, change and healing.
I work with a wide variety of issues. I am patient and empathic. I appreciate that change can occur quickly or slowly. I work in various locations around the city and western suburbs. I have over twenty years experience as a professional counsellor. I have obtained a Bachelor of Arts (Psychology/ Anthropology), a Graduate Diploma in Loss and Grief Counselling, a Diploma of Learning Solutions in Counselling, a Master of Social Work (Qualifying), a Graduate Certificate in Disability and Inclusion and a Master of Mental Health. I am passionate about growth, change and healing.
(08) 9126 9460 x045072 View (08) 9126 9460 x045072
Photo of Bright Psych, Psychologist in Footscray, VIC
Bright Psych
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Bright Psych provides a comprehensive psychological service for adolescents and adults.
Bright Psych provides a comprehensive psychological service for adolescents and adults.
(03) 9068 6415 View (03) 9068 6415
Photo of Sophie Manente, Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Sophie Manente
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I work with my clients in a human, down to earth way. I see us as two people working together to find what will make things better for you. We'll look at more than just your symptoms; we'll look at your life experiences, your family & ancestral history, societal & environmental systems around you, and how your body is responding to all of this. I tend to work deeply and do more than just teach you strategies. I am interested in getting to the root cause of things, because I believe that is where we find liberation and self-compassion.
I work with my clients in a human, down to earth way. I see us as two people working together to find what will make things better for you. We'll look at more than just your symptoms; we'll look at your life experiences, your family & ancestral history, societal & environmental systems around you, and how your body is responding to all of this. I tend to work deeply and do more than just teach you strategies. I am interested in getting to the root cause of things, because I believe that is where we find liberation and self-compassion.
(03) 4505 2412 View (03) 4505 2412
Photo of Marie Vakakis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Footscray, VIC
Marie Vakakis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Feeling worried, overwhelmed, sad, stressed or anxious? Maybe you’re having relationship issues or struggling to get through the day, like you just don't have your regular oomph or energy. Sometimes just getting through the day can seem tough. It’s enough to make anyone feel like curling up on the couch with the dog, Netflix and avoiding facing the day. I recognise how difficult this can be and I am here to help. I am a neurodivergence-affirming, trauma-informed, LGBTIAQ+ affirmative therapist and inclusive of diverse relationship structures.
Feeling worried, overwhelmed, sad, stressed or anxious? Maybe you’re having relationship issues or struggling to get through the day, like you just don't have your regular oomph or energy. Sometimes just getting through the day can seem tough. It’s enough to make anyone feel like curling up on the couch with the dog, Netflix and avoiding facing the day. I recognise how difficult this can be and I am here to help. I am a neurodivergence-affirming, trauma-informed, LGBTIAQ+ affirmative therapist and inclusive of diverse relationship structures.
(03) 8613 3424 View (03) 8613 3424
Photo of Adham Hammoud, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Footscray, VIC
Adham Hammoud
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MC, AASW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I'm an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker (AMHSW), Therapist and Registered Counsellor. I have experience working with a wide range of issues, such as depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, trauma, psychotic illnesses, stressful life/work/relationship/family situations, drugs and alcohol, personality disorders, eating disorders, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm.
I'm an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker (AMHSW), Therapist and Registered Counsellor. I have experience working with a wide range of issues, such as depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, trauma, psychotic illnesses, stressful life/work/relationship/family situations, drugs and alcohol, personality disorders, eating disorders, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm.
(03) 8595 5104 View (03) 8595 5104
Photo of Heart and Hope Counselling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Footscray, VIC
Heart and Hope Counselling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I provide counselling, therapy and social work services in both the Newport and Footscray areas. I provide supportive, empathic and flexible responses to individual needs, taking the body, mind and soul into consideration. I have over twenty years of general counselling experience and have particular expertise in grief and loss, trauma, depression, anxiety, mental health issues and working with many other concerns. I am passionate about holding the hope and working from the heart as well as utilising diverse knowledge and skills. It is important to me that counselling is accessible and affordable to people who need it.
I provide counselling, therapy and social work services in both the Newport and Footscray areas. I provide supportive, empathic and flexible responses to individual needs, taking the body, mind and soul into consideration. I have over twenty years of general counselling experience and have particular expertise in grief and loss, trauma, depression, anxiety, mental health issues and working with many other concerns. I am passionate about holding the hope and working from the heart as well as utilising diverse knowledge and skills. It is important to me that counselling is accessible and affordable to people who need it.
(03) 8658 2101 View (03) 8658 2101
Photo of Awombda Codd, Psychotherapist in Footscray, VIC
Awombda Codd
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Awombda is a Gestalt relational psychotherapist who is passionate about change, choice and allowing space to grow. She has worked in the community sector for over 20 years in mental health, homelessness and drug and alcohol. Awombda has extensive experience working with anxiety and depression, PTSD, grief and loss, trauma, relationship difficulties and substance use issues. Awombda has specialist expertise working with the LGBTIQ community. In addition to her practice Awombda has taught in the Graduate Art therapy program at Miecat and is currently on faculty at Gestalt Therapy Australia.
Awombda is a Gestalt relational psychotherapist who is passionate about change, choice and allowing space to grow. She has worked in the community sector for over 20 years in mental health, homelessness and drug and alcohol. Awombda has extensive experience working with anxiety and depression, PTSD, grief and loss, trauma, relationship difficulties and substance use issues. Awombda has specialist expertise working with the LGBTIQ community. In addition to her practice Awombda has taught in the Graduate Art therapy program at Miecat and is currently on faculty at Gestalt Therapy Australia.
(03) 8797 5391 View (03) 8797 5391
Photo of Nathan Smith, Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Nathan Smith
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I have a passion for working with young people to empower and support them with their challenges. I also work with people of all ages and gender identities. Whether you are looking for support with anxiety, depression, AOD, relationship issues, or any thing else I'd be happy to help.
I have a passion for working with young people to empower and support them with their challenges. I also work with people of all ages and gender identities. Whether you are looking for support with anxiety, depression, AOD, relationship issues, or any thing else I'd be happy to help.
(03) 8594 4097 View (03) 8594 4097
Photo of VI Tran, Psychologist in Footscray, VIC
VI Tran
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I am a Clinical Psychologist and board approved supervisor, with extensive experience working in public mental health community hospitals, private NGOs, schools and private practice. In my work, I value curiosity, open-mindedness and perseverance, and hope to continue to learn from the strength, resilience and growth people may have when faced with the adversity and unpredictability that life may present. I take a warm, empathetic and non-judgmental approach, and work to provide a holistic eclectic approach to accommodate every client's needs and preference.
I am a Clinical Psychologist and board approved supervisor, with extensive experience working in public mental health community hospitals, private NGOs, schools and private practice. In my work, I value curiosity, open-mindedness and perseverance, and hope to continue to learn from the strength, resilience and growth people may have when faced with the adversity and unpredictability that life may present. I take a warm, empathetic and non-judgmental approach, and work to provide a holistic eclectic approach to accommodate every client's needs and preference.
(03) 8566 7794 View (03) 8566 7794
Roberto Cusati
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Footscray, VIC 3011  (Online Only)
Understanding that human experience is complex and individualised, my therapeutic approach revolves around person-centred counselling. This can be achieved through a range of therapeutic modalities designed to engage with individuals during therapeutic sessions. Interested in helping support people in being able to have the best possible meaningful individual life journey that is important to them.
Understanding that human experience is complex and individualised, my therapeutic approach revolves around person-centred counselling. This can be achieved through a range of therapeutic modalities designed to engage with individuals during therapeutic sessions. Interested in helping support people in being able to have the best possible meaningful individual life journey that is important to them.
(02) 9158 6466 View (02) 9158 6466
Photo of Maree Gatt, Psychologist in Footscray, VIC
Maree Gatt
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Maree is a Clinical Psychologist and has had the opportunity to practice as a psychologist in a vast range of settings and has experiencing providing intervention for children, adolescents, adults, couples, and group therapy. Maree has experience in treating a range of mental health issues across the life span such as depression, anxiety/stress, and other mood disorders, personality disorders, drug, alcohol, and gambling addictions.
Maree is a Clinical Psychologist and has had the opportunity to practice as a psychologist in a vast range of settings and has experiencing providing intervention for children, adolescents, adults, couples, and group therapy. Maree has experience in treating a range of mental health issues across the life span such as depression, anxiety/stress, and other mood disorders, personality disorders, drug, alcohol, and gambling addictions.
(03) 8372 0418 View (03) 8372 0418
Photo of BlueSkies Counselling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Footscray, VIC
BlueSkies Counselling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
We’re here to help you and your family overcome difficult experiences through children’s counselling and dyadic (parent and child) counselling in Melbourne. We offer Child-Centred Play Therapy, Expressive Arts Therapy, Interplay Family Therapy, Filial Therapy and Kids Groups to help address children’s anxious behaviours, acting out behaviours, social difficulties, past traumas and more. We also offer Parent Counselling to support the important people in children’s lives - you!
We’re here to help you and your family overcome difficult experiences through children’s counselling and dyadic (parent and child) counselling in Melbourne. We offer Child-Centred Play Therapy, Expressive Arts Therapy, Interplay Family Therapy, Filial Therapy and Kids Groups to help address children’s anxious behaviours, acting out behaviours, social difficulties, past traumas and more. We also offer Parent Counselling to support the important people in children’s lives - you!
(03) 9118 9024 View (03) 9118 9024
Photo of Hilary Morgendorffer, Psychologist in Footscray, VIC
Hilary Morgendorffer
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Footscray, VIC 3011
Not accepting new clients
I am a Clinical Psychologist & Board Approved Supervisor, and work with adolescents, young adults, & adults (14 - 55). I’ve had the privilege of working as a therapist in a variety of public & private settings, and I love what I do. I know that coming to therapy is a big step, and it’s important that you find a therapist who is the right fit for you. I take time to get to know you and help you feel as comfortable as possible; therapy should be a safe space where you feel heard. I continue to develop my practice and skills in providing Neurodivergent affirming support, and I work from the empowering model of Disability.
I am a Clinical Psychologist & Board Approved Supervisor, and work with adolescents, young adults, & adults (14 - 55). I’ve had the privilege of working as a therapist in a variety of public & private settings, and I love what I do. I know that coming to therapy is a big step, and it’s important that you find a therapist who is the right fit for you. I take time to get to know you and help you feel as comfortable as possible; therapy should be a safe space where you feel heard. I continue to develop my practice and skills in providing Neurodivergent affirming support, and I work from the empowering model of Disability.
(03) 9111 2635 View (03) 9111 2635
Photo of Zen Tebeje, Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Zen Tebeje
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
Zen is a certified Counsellor dedicated to helping individuals navigate life's challenges. With a compassionate and client-centred approach, she provides a safe space for you to explore and overcome your concerns. She specialises in mental health support, offering guidance for issues like depression, anxiety, grief, relationships, life coaching, trauma, and stress management. Additionally, she provides expert career counselling & NDIS support. Zen’s approach is client-centred, creating a personalised plan for your unique needs.
Zen is a certified Counsellor dedicated to helping individuals navigate life's challenges. With a compassionate and client-centred approach, she provides a safe space for you to explore and overcome your concerns. She specialises in mental health support, offering guidance for issues like depression, anxiety, grief, relationships, life coaching, trauma, and stress management. Additionally, she provides expert career counselling & NDIS support. Zen’s approach is client-centred, creating a personalised plan for your unique needs.
(03) 7003 2607 View (03) 7003 2607
Photo of Nick Chien-Hung Koyang, Counsellor in Footscray, VIC
Nick Chien-Hung Koyang
Counsellor, AASW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
People of diverse cultural community who also identify as LGBTIQ+ often find seeking support can be challenging, and it can be hard for their parents and family to seek support too. Therapist with lived-experience can provide counselling that can be a valuable starting point to explore your needs and support recovery from symptoms of depression or anxiety. It may involve discussing how to manage interactions within their extended social circles and more. As a proud member of the LGBTIQ+ community, I am deeply passionate about supporting the diverse community, including parents and other family members.
People of diverse cultural community who also identify as LGBTIQ+ often find seeking support can be challenging, and it can be hard for their parents and family to seek support too. Therapist with lived-experience can provide counselling that can be a valuable starting point to explore your needs and support recovery from symptoms of depression or anxiety. It may involve discussing how to manage interactions within their extended social circles and more. As a proud member of the LGBTIQ+ community, I am deeply passionate about supporting the diverse community, including parents and other family members.
0468 863 690 View 0468 863 690
Photo of Tom Trikojus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Footscray, VIC
Tom Trikojus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Footscray, VIC 3011
I’ve been working as a psychotherapist, counsellor and supervisor in private practice in Footscray for 18 years. The vibrancy, diversity and unique qualities of Footscray and the inner western suburbs of Melbourne have always felt like the right fit for my practice. I’ve worked with a diverse range of issues and presentations. As well as supporting people through mental health issues, I’m also interested in helping people develop their capacity for awareness and self-discovery. I have a steadfast commitment to the depth and transformative potential of the therapeutic process.
I’ve been working as a psychotherapist, counsellor and supervisor in private practice in Footscray for 18 years. The vibrancy, diversity and unique qualities of Footscray and the inner western suburbs of Melbourne have always felt like the right fit for my practice. I’ve worked with a diverse range of issues and presentations. As well as supporting people through mental health issues, I’m also interested in helping people develop their capacity for awareness and self-discovery. I have a steadfast commitment to the depth and transformative potential of the therapeutic process.
(03) 8595 5296 View (03) 8595 5296

See more therapy options for Footscray

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Footscray, VIC

90+

Average cost per session

$160

Counsellors in Footscray, VIC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Relationship Issues
86% Depression
84% Self Esteem
77% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% Bupa
61% Medicare Rebates
50% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in Footscray, VIC see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
20% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Footscray?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.