Counselling in Bilinga, QLD

Photo of Jay Lloyd Hunt, MC, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Jay Lloyd Hunt
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Bilinga, QLD 4225  (Online Only)
Are there patterns of behaviour that you are struggling to change? Is your mind quick to self-criticise or do you struggle with a lack of motivation? My practice prioritises the development of a complex and wholistic perspective for each client's unique inner world. By maintaining a non-judgemental, curious and compassionate position throughout each of our sessions, I aim to provide a space in which deeper senses of understanding are cultivated in order to reveal meaningful solutions and offer opportunities for real emotional healing to occur.
Are there patterns of behaviour that you are struggling to change? Is your mind quick to self-criticise or do you struggle with a lack of motivation? My practice prioritises the development of a complex and wholistic perspective for each client's unique inner world. By maintaining a non-judgemental, curious and compassionate position throughout each of our sessions, I aim to provide a space in which deeper senses of understanding are cultivated in order to reveal meaningful solutions and offer opportunities for real emotional healing to occur.
(03) 6173 5642 x61 View (03) 6173 5642 x61
Photo of Uri Bookman, Counsellor
Uri Bookman
Counsellor
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bilinga, QLD 4225
Life can be so wonderful and can sometimes be full of pain and sorrow. In relationships, your buttons are pressed, and you often repeat the same cycle with your partner, children or family members. It doesn't have to be this way. It requires courage to take a stand for yourself. You are doing this right now! With therapy and counselling, you'll look back at your past and find understanding, acceptance and forgiveness. Coaching will enable you to look forward and design your future. Then, step by step, I empower you to walk forward into your new future. Feeling happier, empowered, and comfortable in your skin. You deserve this.
Life can be so wonderful and can sometimes be full of pain and sorrow. In relationships, your buttons are pressed, and you often repeat the same cycle with your partner, children or family members. It doesn't have to be this way. It requires courage to take a stand for yourself. You are doing this right now! With therapy and counselling, you'll look back at your past and find understanding, acceptance and forgiveness. Coaching will enable you to look forward and design your future. Then, step by step, I empower you to walk forward into your new future. Feeling happier, empowered, and comfortable in your skin. You deserve this.
(02) 5604 6607 View (02) 5604 6607
Photo of Joni Bryan-Power, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Joni Bryan-Power
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Bilinga, QLD 4225  (Online Only)
My clients come in transition and most open to new ways of doing things in their lives. Although I enjoy helping people in many areas, I really like working with anxiety, life transitions, relationship counselling, trauma & grief.
My clients come in transition and most open to new ways of doing things in their lives. Although I enjoy helping people in many areas, I really like working with anxiety, life transitions, relationship counselling, trauma & grief.
(07) 5613 1544 View (07) 5613 1544
Photo of Kristie Dullat, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Kristie Dullat
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Bilinga, QLD 4225
Significant life changes can be overwhelming, but remember that you have the strength to navigate through them. I'm here to offer my professional and friendly support as you explore your emotions and overcome any challenges that may arise. Together, we can work towards a brighter and more fulfilling future.
Significant life changes can be overwhelming, but remember that you have the strength to navigate through them. I'm here to offer my professional and friendly support as you explore your emotions and overcome any challenges that may arise. Together, we can work towards a brighter and more fulfilling future.
(02) 5501 5508 View (02) 5501 5508

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Leone Seeber - Beyond Now Counselling, MA, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Beyond Now Counselling
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
My main focus is on all aspects impacting individuals 50-plus as well as individuals who feel held back by their fear of social interactions, feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. I also specialise in Grief & Loss, Stress & Time Management, Generalised Anxiety, Depression and helping individuals overcome Shyness & Social Anxiety, . When life is challenging, opening up to those close to you isn’t always easy. I'm here to provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help gain perspective and a way forward.
My main focus is on all aspects impacting individuals 50-plus as well as individuals who feel held back by their fear of social interactions, feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. I also specialise in Grief & Loss, Stress & Time Management, Generalised Anxiety, Depression and helping individuals overcome Shyness & Social Anxiety, . When life is challenging, opening up to those close to you isn’t always easy. I'm here to provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help gain perspective and a way forward.
(08) 7827 8288 View (08) 7827 8288
Photo of Jess Whitelum - Mulla Therapy , MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Mulla Mulla Therapy
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tugun, QLD 4224
As a person who has always been drawn to the power of healing in relationship, I bring with me a warm & relational presence that welcomes all parts of you & you and I, into the shared space. My integrative & collaborative approach to therapy acknowledges the inter-relationship of the mind, body, spirit & how such elements intelligently respond to the external field involving humans, Country & community. I work from & through a humanistic, trauma- informed, polyvagal, gestalt, somatic, neuroscience & attachment theory lens. This means safety, relationality & body attunement guide the direction & pace of the session.
As a person who has always been drawn to the power of healing in relationship, I bring with me a warm & relational presence that welcomes all parts of you & you and I, into the shared space. My integrative & collaborative approach to therapy acknowledges the inter-relationship of the mind, body, spirit & how such elements intelligently respond to the external field involving humans, Country & community. I work from & through a humanistic, trauma- informed, polyvagal, gestalt, somatic, neuroscience & attachment theory lens. This means safety, relationality & body attunement guide the direction & pace of the session.
(03) 4513 5294 View (03) 4513 5294
Photo of Victoria Bardović, Counsellor
Victoria Bardović
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
I have helped hundreds of people explore what keeps them stuck in life, sex & relationships and have supported people to get unstuck and live a more fulfilling life. With a compassionate and restful nature I offer a place of no judgement, depth enquiry and curiosity to unravel the trials and challenges that life provides. I feel really grateful to be able to offer this work and my own development as a way to help my clients find the life that really nourishes them.
I have helped hundreds of people explore what keeps them stuck in life, sex & relationships and have supported people to get unstuck and live a more fulfilling life. With a compassionate and restful nature I offer a place of no judgement, depth enquiry and curiosity to unravel the trials and challenges that life provides. I feel really grateful to be able to offer this work and my own development as a way to help my clients find the life that really nourishes them.
(02) 5605 6849 View (02) 5605 6849
Photo of Ebonie Stewart, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Ebonie Stewart
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Tugun, QLD 4224  (Online Only)
Ebonie is a passionate and empathetic registered psychologist who can provide thorough assessment and intervention across all ages. Ebonie's aim is to work collaboratively with you to enhance your mental health and achieve your goals. Ebonie has worked in a wide variety of settings including Psychiatric Hospital, Schools, Industry, Forensic, Private Practice and Primary Health Care Network. Ebonie has a keen interest in helping clients with substance use and addiction. She also work with offenders and can provide forensic court reports.
Ebonie is a passionate and empathetic registered psychologist who can provide thorough assessment and intervention across all ages. Ebonie's aim is to work collaboratively with you to enhance your mental health and achieve your goals. Ebonie has worked in a wide variety of settings including Psychiatric Hospital, Schools, Industry, Forensic, Private Practice and Primary Health Care Network. Ebonie has a keen interest in helping clients with substance use and addiction. She also work with offenders and can provide forensic court reports.
1800 327 477 View 1800 327 477
Photo of Lynda Gai Kennedy - Lynda G Confidence & Self Love Therapies, Counsellor
Lynda G Confidence & Self Love Therapies
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
Hi, I'm Lynda, and I specialise in helping women to let go of self doubt, anxiety and and a negative inner voice to experience greater success and confidence in life, relationships and business. I support you to easily get to the core issue that is holding you back in the first session and walk this journey together with you to experience phenomenal transformation by igniting self belief, self love and confidence. You know it's time to seek support, as you've reached a point where your frustration, negative inner voice and self doubt are blocking you from reaching the happiness and success you crave and desire.
Hi, I'm Lynda, and I specialise in helping women to let go of self doubt, anxiety and and a negative inner voice to experience greater success and confidence in life, relationships and business. I support you to easily get to the core issue that is holding you back in the first session and walk this journey together with you to experience phenomenal transformation by igniting self belief, self love and confidence. You know it's time to seek support, as you've reached a point where your frustration, negative inner voice and self doubt are blocking you from reaching the happiness and success you crave and desire.
(02) 8806 0368 View (02) 8806 0368
Photo of Angela Cooper, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Angela Cooper
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Tugun, QLD 4224  (Online Only)
Angela is an Australian registered Psychologist. She has a degree in Psychological Science with honours as well as a degree in Commerce. She has also completed a Master of Clinical Psychology. Angela is a well-rounded psychologist and enjoys working with children, adolescents, individuals with disabilities and adults. She takes a holistic and evidence-based approach and can develop strong therapeutic relationships with individuals from all walks of life.
Angela is an Australian registered Psychologist. She has a degree in Psychological Science with honours as well as a degree in Commerce. She has also completed a Master of Clinical Psychology. Angela is a well-rounded psychologist and enjoys working with children, adolescents, individuals with disabilities and adults. She takes a holistic and evidence-based approach and can develop strong therapeutic relationships with individuals from all walks of life.
1800 327 477 View 1800 327 477
Photo of Melissa Johnman, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Melissa Johnman
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225  (Online Only)
I am passionate about seeing all individuals' learn about mental health, develop healthy strategies and be equipped to grow in all aspects of life. I love walking alongside individuals' and I strive to have an open "come where you are at" invitation to all clients; allowing you to authentically and unapologetically share and explore on our journey together. I particularly have an interest in working with women ages 16-35 years who are dealing with anxiety, depression, grief, or are experiencing life transitions.
I am passionate about seeing all individuals' learn about mental health, develop healthy strategies and be equipped to grow in all aspects of life. I love walking alongside individuals' and I strive to have an open "come where you are at" invitation to all clients; allowing you to authentically and unapologetically share and explore on our journey together. I particularly have an interest in working with women ages 16-35 years who are dealing with anxiety, depression, grief, or are experiencing life transitions.
0434 059 959 View 0434 059 959
Photo of Natasha Denny, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Natasha Denny
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
Hi, My name is Tash and I'm a registered psychologist. I am dedicated and committed to creating a nurturing and non-judgemental environment for my clients. I believe in working from a holistic approach to assist clients to navigate life's complexities, build resilience, and facilitate positive change. I have worked in unique environments including with children, adolescents, and adults both in the community and in correctional centres. I currently work in private practice, high schools, and with NDIS participants.
Hi, My name is Tash and I'm a registered psychologist. I am dedicated and committed to creating a nurturing and non-judgemental environment for my clients. I believe in working from a holistic approach to assist clients to navigate life's complexities, build resilience, and facilitate positive change. I have worked in unique environments including with children, adolescents, and adults both in the community and in correctional centres. I currently work in private practice, high schools, and with NDIS participants.
(03) 8771 5438 View (03) 8771 5438
Photo of Mudit Vashist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Mudit Vashist
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
As a Clinical Psychologist and Director of Wisemind & Body, I envisioned a welcoming and supportive practice where individuals can receive expert care. I take a holistic, mind-body, and trauma-informed approach, specialising in treating mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma. My commitment is to advocate and empower individuals to overcome obstacles and improve their mental health.
As a Clinical Psychologist and Director of Wisemind & Body, I envisioned a welcoming and supportive practice where individuals can receive expert care. I take a holistic, mind-body, and trauma-informed approach, specialising in treating mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma. My commitment is to advocate and empower individuals to overcome obstacles and improve their mental health.
(07) 2801 7785 View (07) 2801 7785
Photo of Samantha Cole, MA, MAPS, Psychologist
Samantha Cole
Psychologist, MA, MAPS
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
Samantha is a Clinical Psychologist providing in-person and online psychology sessions to children, adolescents, and adults. Samantha provides a nurturing and non-judgemental therapeutic environment where her clients can feel safe, relaxed, and supported. Samantha has an interest in childhood and adolescent anxiety-related presentations, and adults experiencing difficulties with anxiety, mood, stress, and adjustment. Samantha has a special interest supporting clients in the perinatal period.
Samantha is a Clinical Psychologist providing in-person and online psychology sessions to children, adolescents, and adults. Samantha provides a nurturing and non-judgemental therapeutic environment where her clients can feel safe, relaxed, and supported. Samantha has an interest in childhood and adolescent anxiety-related presentations, and adults experiencing difficulties with anxiety, mood, stress, and adjustment. Samantha has a special interest supporting clients in the perinatal period.
(02) 5657 8678 View (02) 5657 8678
Photo of Leanne Casey, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Leanne Casey
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
Are you struggling to find emotional balance? Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or flat? Maybe you have a desire for self-improvement? Do you struggle with confusing or unpleasant feelings, thoughts, or behaviors? Perhaps unresolved issues and the pressures of daily life have taken a toll on your mental well-being, leaving you feeling stuck and unable to move forward.
Are you struggling to find emotional balance? Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or flat? Maybe you have a desire for self-improvement? Do you struggle with confusing or unpleasant feelings, thoughts, or behaviors? Perhaps unresolved issues and the pressures of daily life have taken a toll on your mental well-being, leaving you feeling stuck and unable to move forward.
(02) 5565 6063 View (02) 5565 6063
Photo of Kerri Henderson, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Kerri Henderson
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
Waitlist for new clients
I work across the lifespan to support clients with a variety of presentations including Anxiety, Stress, Mood, Trauma, Grief and Loss, and Neurodiversity. I have knowledge and experience applying a number of evidence-based interventions including Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing. I also specialise in the assessment of neurodivergent cognitive profiles including Autism and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, along with psychometric testing for IQ and learning difficulties.
I work across the lifespan to support clients with a variety of presentations including Anxiety, Stress, Mood, Trauma, Grief and Loss, and Neurodiversity. I have knowledge and experience applying a number of evidence-based interventions including Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing. I also specialise in the assessment of neurodivergent cognitive profiles including Autism and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, along with psychometric testing for IQ and learning difficulties.
(08) 6846 1735 View (08) 6846 1735
Photo of Kathryn Anne Fortuna, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Kathryn Anne Fortuna
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
Working with The Anna Centre. Business Development Counsellor. EAP Specialist. Specialising in Relationship Counselling. Your relationship with yourself and others. This includes building strong communication, respect and intimacy. I also support Families, Individuals and Teens to explore their feelings, clear old patterns, ignite self-awareness, build resourcefulness and feel more purposeful. I offer support with relationship building, parenting, clarity of thoughts, addressing behaviours, thought patterns & issues like anxiety & stress.
Working with The Anna Centre. Business Development Counsellor. EAP Specialist. Specialising in Relationship Counselling. Your relationship with yourself and others. This includes building strong communication, respect and intimacy. I also support Families, Individuals and Teens to explore their feelings, clear old patterns, ignite self-awareness, build resourcefulness and feel more purposeful. I offer support with relationship building, parenting, clarity of thoughts, addressing behaviours, thought patterns & issues like anxiety & stress.
(03) 4420 9660 View (03) 4420 9660
Photo of Martine Baglin, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Martine Baglin
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
I provide a safe, supportive and nurturing space, and the sessions are tailored to address your personal life issues, needs and goals. As a Body Orientated Trauma informed Gestalt Therapist, and Senior Journey Practitioner, I enjoy assisting individuals on their unique journey to Wellness. The Therapy sessions are focused in the 'here and now' experience which holds our entire and unique history.
I provide a safe, supportive and nurturing space, and the sessions are tailored to address your personal life issues, needs and goals. As a Body Orientated Trauma informed Gestalt Therapist, and Senior Journey Practitioner, I enjoy assisting individuals on their unique journey to Wellness. The Therapy sessions are focused in the 'here and now' experience which holds our entire and unique history.
(02) 5605 6913 View (02) 5605 6913
Photo of Liana Harris - The Kind Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
The Kind Psychologist
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225  (Online Only)
I love to see people thrive, and flourish, and make the most of this incredible life we have. To help people reach this optimal functioning, I truly believe in working with, and nurturing, your innate strengths. We may focus on topics such as enhancing your relationships, increasing your effectiveness in regulating emotions, increasing your assertiveness and backing yourself in decision-making, creating a meaningful life - whatever that looks like for you, and removing any barriers to you reaching those big, life-changing goals you have.
I love to see people thrive, and flourish, and make the most of this incredible life we have. To help people reach this optimal functioning, I truly believe in working with, and nurturing, your innate strengths. We may focus on topics such as enhancing your relationships, increasing your effectiveness in regulating emotions, increasing your assertiveness and backing yourself in decision-making, creating a meaningful life - whatever that looks like for you, and removing any barriers to you reaching those big, life-changing goals you have.
(02) 5605 3221 View (02) 5605 3221
Photo of Claire Cottone, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Claire Cottone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Coolangatta, QLD 4225
I offer private counselling for individuals aged 16+, specialising in trauma, anxiety and depression, grief and loss, life transitions, relationships, families, domestic violence, sexual abuse and assault, addiction, body image, sexuality and gender diversity, and cultural diversity. I specialise in the healing of traumas and resolution of the emotional, psychological, and physical imbalances that trauma can cause. I work to create a safe therapeutic relationship where you can be yourself, tell your story, and be heard, believed and supported.
I offer private counselling for individuals aged 16+, specialising in trauma, anxiety and depression, grief and loss, life transitions, relationships, families, domestic violence, sexual abuse and assault, addiction, body image, sexuality and gender diversity, and cultural diversity. I specialise in the healing of traumas and resolution of the emotional, psychological, and physical imbalances that trauma can cause. I work to create a safe therapeutic relationship where you can be yourself, tell your story, and be heard, believed and supported.
(02) 5662 2880 View (02) 5662 2880

See more therapy options for Bilinga

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Bilinga, QLD

< 10

Counsellors in Bilinga, QLD who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
75% Relationship Issues
75% Depression
75% Trauma and PTSD
75% Peer Relationships
75% Coping Skills
75% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

8 Years

Gender breakdown

50% Female
50% Male

How Counsellors in Bilinga, QLD see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bilinga?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.