Counselling in Atherton, QLD

Photo of Kirsten Cottone
Kirsten Cottone
Verified Verified
Atherton, QLD 4883
I help women find clarity, confidence and contentment. Many of us are just chugging along, trying to live up to the glossy version of how our lives 'should' be. Yet you deserve to be brimming with excitement about every new day ahead! If you're finding yourself stuck in a rut, at a cross-roads, anxious, overwhelmed, having relationship issues, lacking confidence, questioning your career or anything else that is having a negative impact on your life, I can help. Let's work together to create the life you want to live.
I help women find clarity, confidence and contentment. Many of us are just chugging along, trying to live up to the glossy version of how our lives 'should' be. Yet you deserve to be brimming with excitement about every new day ahead! If you're finding yourself stuck in a rut, at a cross-roads, anxious, overwhelmed, having relationship issues, lacking confidence, questioning your career or anything else that is having a negative impact on your life, I can help. Let's work together to create the life you want to live.
(07) 4085 9097 View (07) 4085 9097
Photo of Mereki Wirth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Mereki Wirth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Atherton, QLD 4883
I have a wealth of experience working with individuals, couples, and families, guiding them through life's challenges. Whether it's addressing the impact of trauma, navigating eating disorders, managing ADHD, or dealing with parenting concerns and child/adolescent mental health, I am here to provide support. Together, we'll collaborate to explore your specific goals, whether that involves managing anxiety, strengthening family bonds, or understanding trauma. Your journey is unique, and I am dedicated to creating a safe space for your exploration and growth.
I have a wealth of experience working with individuals, couples, and families, guiding them through life's challenges. Whether it's addressing the impact of trauma, navigating eating disorders, managing ADHD, or dealing with parenting concerns and child/adolescent mental health, I am here to provide support. Together, we'll collaborate to explore your specific goals, whether that involves managing anxiety, strengthening family bonds, or understanding trauma. Your journey is unique, and I am dedicated to creating a safe space for your exploration and growth.
(03) 6173 9620 View (03) 6173 9620
Photo of Jannikka Balko, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Jannikka Balko
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Atherton, QLD 4883
Jannikka Balko is a clinical psychologist registered with AHPRA with a particular interest in treating anxiety and depression through life transitions (e.g. relationships and relationship separations, moving through grief and loss, balancing work and study, returning to the workforce, transition to retirement) for young people, adults and older adults. Urgent appointments accommodated!
Jannikka Balko is a clinical psychologist registered with AHPRA with a particular interest in treating anxiety and depression through life transitions (e.g. relationships and relationship separations, moving through grief and loss, balancing work and study, returning to the workforce, transition to retirement) for young people, adults and older adults. Urgent appointments accommodated!
0421 941 301 View 0421 941 301
Photo of Geoff Smith, Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L3
Geoff Smith
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I help individuals who are persevering with anxiety, relationship issues, interpersonal difficulties, work stress and existential issues.
I help individuals who are persevering with anxiety, relationship issues, interpersonal difficulties, work stress and existential issues.
0484 622 149 View 0484 622 149
Photo of Karen Askey-Doran - The Counselling Studio, Counsellor, PACFA
The Counselling Studio
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Serves Area
The road of life may have some deep crevasses, blind rises and unexpected obstacles to navigate. I will walk with you through each step as a skilled guide for as long as you need me. I’ll carry the compass and backpack brimming with resources, whilst you choose the direction and speed of travel. Making a change, even a small one, alters the course of your life. Booking a 15 minute call or a one hour session will set that change in motion. If you are looking to take control of your life, improve and move forward with confidence and resilience there is a different, better, path for you tread. Let’s find it together.
The road of life may have some deep crevasses, blind rises and unexpected obstacles to navigate. I will walk with you through each step as a skilled guide for as long as you need me. I’ll carry the compass and backpack brimming with resources, whilst you choose the direction and speed of travel. Making a change, even a small one, alters the course of your life. Booking a 15 minute call or a one hour session will set that change in motion. If you are looking to take control of your life, improve and move forward with confidence and resilience there is a different, better, path for you tread. Let’s find it together.
(07) 4082 7121 View (07) 4082 7121
Photo of Angela Cooper, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Angela Cooper
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Angela is an Australian registered Psychologist. She has a degree in Psychological Science with honours as well as a degree in Commerce. She has also completed a Master of Clinical Psychology. Angela is a well-rounded psychologist and enjoys working with children, adolescents, individuals with disabilities and adults. She takes a holistic and evidence-based approach and can develop strong therapeutic relationships with individuals from all walks of life.
Angela is an Australian registered Psychologist. She has a degree in Psychological Science with honours as well as a degree in Commerce. She has also completed a Master of Clinical Psychology. Angela is a well-rounded psychologist and enjoys working with children, adolescents, individuals with disabilities and adults. She takes a holistic and evidence-based approach and can develop strong therapeutic relationships with individuals from all walks of life.
1800 327 477 View 1800 327 477

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Nadia Marie Sinkovich - Behaviour Boost, Counsellor, MC, PACFA
Behaviour Boost
Counsellor, MC, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wondecla, QLD 4887
Hi, my name is Nadia, and I am a passionate parent educator, school teacher, and counsellor. I founded Behaviour Boost with a vision to provide meaningful support to families and young people, particularly in rural and remote settings, through an accessible online platform. Our goal is to create a safe, engaging, and familiar space where young people can grow and thrive. Over the years, our team has expanded to include like-minded professionals—teachers, tutors, parent educators, psychotherapists, and counsellors—all committed to empowering families and helping them flourish.
Hi, my name is Nadia, and I am a passionate parent educator, school teacher, and counsellor. I founded Behaviour Boost with a vision to provide meaningful support to families and young people, particularly in rural and remote settings, through an accessible online platform. Our goal is to create a safe, engaging, and familiar space where young people can grow and thrive. Over the years, our team has expanded to include like-minded professionals—teachers, tutors, parent educators, psychotherapists, and counsellors—all committed to empowering families and helping them flourish.
(08) 7666 1285 View (08) 7666 1285
Photo of Fiona Spinks - HEAL by Fiona, Counsellor, ACA-L1
HEAL by Fiona
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Hi! I'm Fiona, a Registered Counsellor and Root Cause Therapist. Helping people find truer and fuller versions of themselves beyond trauma is why I am here - I'm glad you are too! I have worked with young children, teenagers, adults, relationships, LGBTQIA+ and the aging. Navigating anxiety, depression, OCD, PTSD, traumas, gender and sexuality, grief and loss, chronic pain, disability, and mental health issues. My doors are open to those experiencing their greatest life challenges, to those wanting to create small changes, to those simply seeking support within the complex lives and world we live in; in short, all humans welcome!
Hi! I'm Fiona, a Registered Counsellor and Root Cause Therapist. Helping people find truer and fuller versions of themselves beyond trauma is why I am here - I'm glad you are too! I have worked with young children, teenagers, adults, relationships, LGBTQIA+ and the aging. Navigating anxiety, depression, OCD, PTSD, traumas, gender and sexuality, grief and loss, chronic pain, disability, and mental health issues. My doors are open to those experiencing their greatest life challenges, to those wanting to create small changes, to those simply seeking support within the complex lives and world we live in; in short, all humans welcome!
(07) 4079 4010 View (07) 4079 4010
Photo of Anna Pietrograzia - Anna at AP Counselling - Infertility + Childless, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Anna at AP Counselling - Infertility + Childless
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Online Only
Compassionate and specific counselling for women navigating Infertility, Childlessness, Miscarriage and other Pregnancy Loss. I'm a Lived Experience Counsellor who understands unexplained infertility and being Childless Not By Choice. I bring a unique and caring experience. The losses around fertility are heartbreaking and I can help you navigate this rocky terrain. Have you experienced Secondary Infertility? Have you suffered through unsuccessful IVF cycles? Are you experiencing grief since having an abortion? Exhausted, overwhelmed and grieving; come into a space that's safe for your grief.
Compassionate and specific counselling for women navigating Infertility, Childlessness, Miscarriage and other Pregnancy Loss. I'm a Lived Experience Counsellor who understands unexplained infertility and being Childless Not By Choice. I bring a unique and caring experience. The losses around fertility are heartbreaking and I can help you navigate this rocky terrain. Have you experienced Secondary Infertility? Have you suffered through unsuccessful IVF cycles? Are you experiencing grief since having an abortion? Exhausted, overwhelmed and grieving; come into a space that's safe for your grief.
(02) 3821 1512 View (02) 3821 1512

Online Therapists

Photo of Danielle Waugh - Harmony Within Counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Harmony Within Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Cairns City, QLD 4870
Over the years, I have used an eclectic approach to counselling, generally to fit with the needs of my clients, as of course we are all unique. I have developed an appreciation for the need of different modalities to bring about change using supportive, effective and evidence based approaches. Some clients feel more relaxed being able to sit and talk, others may need to go for a walk in nature while participating in a counselling session, others again may need some help to express their unconscious messages through expressive therapies. I would love to assist you to discover what works for you!
Over the years, I have used an eclectic approach to counselling, generally to fit with the needs of my clients, as of course we are all unique. I have developed an appreciation for the need of different modalities to bring about change using supportive, effective and evidence based approaches. Some clients feel more relaxed being able to sit and talk, others may need to go for a walk in nature while participating in a counselling session, others again may need some help to express their unconscious messages through expressive therapies. I would love to assist you to discover what works for you!
(07) 4074 9067 View (07) 4074 9067
Photo of Olivia Donnini - Align Therapies, Counsellor, ACA-L3
Align Therapies
Counsellor, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi! I'm Olivia; I’m glad my profile found its way to you. At the heart of my work is a deep belief in the importance of healthy, authentic, and safe relationships. Life’s challenges can sometimes disconnect us from ourselves, affecting every part of our lives. Through the therapeutic relationship, we can explore and heal, helping you reconnect with yourself—an essential foundation for all relationships.
Hi! I'm Olivia; I’m glad my profile found its way to you. At the heart of my work is a deep belief in the importance of healthy, authentic, and safe relationships. Life’s challenges can sometimes disconnect us from ourselves, affecting every part of our lives. Through the therapeutic relationship, we can explore and heal, helping you reconnect with yourself—an essential foundation for all relationships.
(07) 5451 4047 View (07) 5451 4047
Photo of Karen Ann Maitland, Counsellor
Karen Ann Maitland
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Cairns City, QLD 4870
I offer a trauma informed, strength based and positive psychological approach to supporting change and developing strategies to manage issues for Trauma, PTSD, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Grief and Loss, Emotional Development and Social Learning. We can work together to manage your problems in a caring and empathic space. Do you need relief from troubling emotions or repeated cycles. Are you going through a time of loss or overwhelm. Are there stuck emotions which you would like to rid yourself of. I can help. I offer many modalities and ways of working to find a way to break through and bring you to a greater state of peace.
I offer a trauma informed, strength based and positive psychological approach to supporting change and developing strategies to manage issues for Trauma, PTSD, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Grief and Loss, Emotional Development and Social Learning. We can work together to manage your problems in a caring and empathic space. Do you need relief from troubling emotions or repeated cycles. Are you going through a time of loss or overwhelm. Are there stuck emotions which you would like to rid yourself of. I can help. I offer many modalities and ways of working to find a way to break through and bring you to a greater state of peace.
(07) 4082 7291 View (07) 4082 7291
Photo of Nicki Gazis - Psychologists, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Psychologists
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Yorkeys Knob, QLD 4878
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over twenty-five years' experience. I provide an affordable service with most sessions attracting a generous Medicare rebate provided that you have a Mental Health Treatment Plan from your GP. The service offers online convenient day time and after-hours consultation times with availability for face to face once a month in Cairns. To make an appointment please use the booking calendar on my website www.cairnspsychologyonline.com.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over twenty-five years' experience. I provide an affordable service with most sessions attracting a generous Medicare rebate provided that you have a Mental Health Treatment Plan from your GP. The service offers online convenient day time and after-hours consultation times with availability for face to face once a month in Cairns. To make an appointment please use the booking calendar on my website www.cairnspsychologyonline.com.
(07) 4079 0701 View (07) 4079 0701
Photo of Holly Schroeder, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Holly Schroeder
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with adult clients with anxiety, depression, PTSD, parenting issues, insomnia, relationship breakdown, grief and loss, recovery from abuse, panic, addiction, and relationship dynamics in personal and professional contexts. I also work with clients in a more guidance-based role, who need to talk through specific scenarios and help them to understand what the best course of action is for them. I find sessions to be most beneficial for clients who are open to learn and have a balance of vulnerability and strength.
I work with adult clients with anxiety, depression, PTSD, parenting issues, insomnia, relationship breakdown, grief and loss, recovery from abuse, panic, addiction, and relationship dynamics in personal and professional contexts. I also work with clients in a more guidance-based role, who need to talk through specific scenarios and help them to understand what the best course of action is for them. I find sessions to be most beneficial for clients who are open to learn and have a balance of vulnerability and strength.
(07) 4028 4238 View (07) 4028 4238
Photo of Dr Tania Rix, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Tania Rix
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Edge Hill, QLD 4870
Clinical Psychology Service offering a broad range of options for adult clients: Assessment and intervention includes but not limited to: anxiety (panic, phobias, obsessive compulsive problems, generalised anxiety), PTSD and complex / childhood trauma, depression, grief and loss, adjustment to life change, medical and long-term illness, pain, end of life, identity change - including gender identity transition.
Clinical Psychology Service offering a broad range of options for adult clients: Assessment and intervention includes but not limited to: anxiety (panic, phobias, obsessive compulsive problems, generalised anxiety), PTSD and complex / childhood trauma, depression, grief and loss, adjustment to life change, medical and long-term illness, pain, end of life, identity change - including gender identity transition.
(07) 4079 0465 View (07) 4079 0465
Photo of Christine Strong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Christine Strong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Bungalow, QLD 4870
If you need to talk, I'm here to listen. Together we'll work out how you can feel better, think differently and focus positively on your future. If you are going to Court, I will work with you to address the issues.
If you need to talk, I'm here to listen. Together we'll work out how you can feel better, think differently and focus positively on your future. If you are going to Court, I will work with you to address the issues.
(07) 4058 8139 View (07) 4058 8139
Photo of Advaitha Sriramaneni, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Advaitha Sriramaneni
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Smithfield, QLD 4878
I’m an experienced mental health counsellor dedicated to helping individuals of all ages overcome mental health challenges. With a Master’s degree in Counselling, Mental Health, and Rehabilitation, along with a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology (Honours), I bring a solid educational foundation to my practice. I specialise in supporting individuals dealing with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, grief, and trauma, and I am equipped to help those navigating racial/ethnic identity crises, alcohol and drug dependency, school or work-related stress, and relationship difficulties.
I’m an experienced mental health counsellor dedicated to helping individuals of all ages overcome mental health challenges. With a Master’s degree in Counselling, Mental Health, and Rehabilitation, along with a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology (Honours), I bring a solid educational foundation to my practice. I specialise in supporting individuals dealing with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, grief, and trauma, and I am equipped to help those navigating racial/ethnic identity crises, alcohol and drug dependency, school or work-related stress, and relationship difficulties.
(03) 7302 2470 View (03) 7302 2470
Photo of Niko Antalffy - Fringe Therapy, Counsellor, PhD, PACFA
Niko Antalffy - Fringe Therapy
Counsellor, PhD, PACFA
Verified Verified
Online Only
I provide online therapy for ‘fringe’ clients: LGBTQI+, non-monogamy/poly, BDSM/kink, neurodivergent, disability/chronic health conditions, sex workers and various ethnic and lifestyle backgrounds, helping with a range of psychological and emotional difficulties. I use a trauma-informed humanistic approach with evidence-based therapies for anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, overwhelm, and relationship issues. Nothing is too strange or too intersectional as I practice radical acceptance and have a wealth of deep experience and understanding of all the above ‘fringe’ issues and backgrounds.
I provide online therapy for ‘fringe’ clients: LGBTQI+, non-monogamy/poly, BDSM/kink, neurodivergent, disability/chronic health conditions, sex workers and various ethnic and lifestyle backgrounds, helping with a range of psychological and emotional difficulties. I use a trauma-informed humanistic approach with evidence-based therapies for anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, overwhelm, and relationship issues. Nothing is too strange or too intersectional as I practice radical acceptance and have a wealth of deep experience and understanding of all the above ‘fringe’ issues and backgrounds.
(02) 9100 0504 View (02) 9100 0504
Photo of Emily M Martino - Mind Matters Collective Australia, Psychotherapist, ACA-L1
Mind Matters Collective Australia
Psychotherapist, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I aim to be a conduit for your healing journey, to help you navigate whatever issues you might be facing and equip you with the tools for long-lasting change. I believe in a person-centred approach in which I tailor the therapeutic tools to your needs where possible.
I aim to be a conduit for your healing journey, to help you navigate whatever issues you might be facing and equip you with the tools for long-lasting change. I believe in a person-centred approach in which I tailor the therapeutic tools to your needs where possible.
(07) 4043 7028 View (07) 4043 7028
Photo of Victoria Ivanek - Flourish Counselling QLD, Counsellor
Flourish Counselling QLD
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Port Douglas, QLD 4877
As a qualified and incredibly dedicated trauma informed counsellor, I work with adults (18+) to support your mental and emotional health. Whether it be ongoing mental health struggles, or challenging life circumstances - it’s my absolute pleasure to help you navigate whatever turbulence you may be facing, guiding you toward better days ahead. For short or long term support, I can help you in many areas including: - Depression - Anxiety - Stress - Self esteem - Grief and loss support - Relationship support - Alcohol and other drugs - Life and career guidance - Conflict resolution, boundaries and assertiveness & more!
As a qualified and incredibly dedicated trauma informed counsellor, I work with adults (18+) to support your mental and emotional health. Whether it be ongoing mental health struggles, or challenging life circumstances - it’s my absolute pleasure to help you navigate whatever turbulence you may be facing, guiding you toward better days ahead. For short or long term support, I can help you in many areas including: - Depression - Anxiety - Stress - Self esteem - Grief and loss support - Relationship support - Alcohol and other drugs - Life and career guidance - Conflict resolution, boundaries and assertiveness & more!
(08) 6629 4246 View (08) 6629 4246

See more therapy options for Atherton

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Atherton, QLD

< 10

Counsellors in Atherton, QLD who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
100% Coping Skills
83% Relationship Issues
83% Peer Relationships
83% Stress
67% Depression
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
100% Teachers Health
75% CUA Health

How Counsellors in Atherton, QLD see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Atherton?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.