Psychologists and Therapists in Wareemba, NSW

Photo of Angela Soddu, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Angela Soddu
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Wareemba, NSW 2046
I am an empathetic, person-centred therapist based in Sydney, offering therapy for anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and life transitions. I support adults and teenagers, providing a safe, supportive space to explore your experiences and reconnect with yourself. I believe connection, collaboration, and respect for your autonomy are central to effective therapy. My integrative, neuro-affirming approach supports self-awareness, emotional resilience, and mental wellbeing, with tailored, body-based therapy to process and integrate emotional experiences.
I am an empathetic, person-centred therapist based in Sydney, offering therapy for anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and life transitions. I support adults and teenagers, providing a safe, supportive space to explore your experiences and reconnect with yourself. I believe connection, collaboration, and respect for your autonomy are central to effective therapy. My integrative, neuro-affirming approach supports self-awareness, emotional resilience, and mental wellbeing, with tailored, body-based therapy to process and integrate emotional experiences.
(02) 8261 0421 View (02) 8261 0421

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Photo of Lauren Finemore, Social Worker, AASW
Lauren Finemore
Social Worker, AASW
Online Only
Lauren is a highly sought after counsellor and clinical supervisor with significant experience in supporting individuals, families and communities in their recovery from life's impacts and challenges. With over a decade supporting recovery from trauma, vicarious trauma and other setbacks, Lauren is a firm believer in the capacity of us all to overcome life's difficulties. Drawing from her own life experiences as a social worker and ceramic artist, Lauren works to ensure that emotional wellbeing and play are actively encouraged during session.
Lauren is a highly sought after counsellor and clinical supervisor with significant experience in supporting individuals, families and communities in their recovery from life's impacts and challenges. With over a decade supporting recovery from trauma, vicarious trauma and other setbacks, Lauren is a firm believer in the capacity of us all to overcome life's difficulties. Drawing from her own life experiences as a social worker and ceramic artist, Lauren works to ensure that emotional wellbeing and play are actively encouraged during session.
(02) 8403 1965 View (02) 8403 1965
Photo of Annaleise Mitchell, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Annaleise Mitchell
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
I support soon-to-be, longing-to-be or seasoned parents through pre-conception, pregnancy, birth, postpartum and beyond. Whether you are planning your family, experiencing fertility concerns or grief, seeking support postnatally or wanting someone to be there for you as you journey through pregnancy and childbirth - I'm here for you as part of your support village at any stage.
I support soon-to-be, longing-to-be or seasoned parents through pre-conception, pregnancy, birth, postpartum and beyond. Whether you are planning your family, experiencing fertility concerns or grief, seeking support postnatally or wanting someone to be there for you as you journey through pregnancy and childbirth - I'm here for you as part of your support village at any stage.
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Photo of Brad Middleton, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Brad Middleton
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
While it's natural to engage in pleasurable activities & behaviours, when that engagement becomes compulsive, overwhelming, and out-of-control, the negative consequences can become destructive & unmanageable, especially when addicted to Sex & Porn. We sometimes adopt these behaviours as a means of gaining momentary relief from any pain, anxiety, or trauma that exists in our lives, but regularly feel intense shame and despair after acting out sexually. Then, shame & isolation serve to maintain the addictive cycle, as the problem becomes more complex & often impacts our intimate partner. Don't despair: Help and recovery is available!
While it's natural to engage in pleasurable activities & behaviours, when that engagement becomes compulsive, overwhelming, and out-of-control, the negative consequences can become destructive & unmanageable, especially when addicted to Sex & Porn. We sometimes adopt these behaviours as a means of gaining momentary relief from any pain, anxiety, or trauma that exists in our lives, but regularly feel intense shame and despair after acting out sexually. Then, shame & isolation serve to maintain the addictive cycle, as the problem becomes more complex & often impacts our intimate partner. Don't despair: Help and recovery is available!
(08) 6118 7606 View (08) 6118 7606
Photo of Shelley Hyman, Psychologist, PhD, MAPS
Shelley Hyman
Psychologist, PhD, MAPS
Bondi Junction, NSW 2022
I work with people who value self-awareness and are deeply committed to personal growth. They may be experiencing cognitive challenges like mental fog, forgetfulness, or difficulty focusing, often alongside emotional patterns such as anxiety, low mood, or feeling stuck. They might not have a diagnosis, but they sense something isn’t quite right and are ready to explore the deeper layers of their mind. What they want is clarity — to understand how their brain works, why they feel the way they do, and how to create meaningful, lasting change. They’re seeking transformation, not quick fixes, and are drawn to a
I work with people who value self-awareness and are deeply committed to personal growth. They may be experiencing cognitive challenges like mental fog, forgetfulness, or difficulty focusing, often alongside emotional patterns such as anxiety, low mood, or feeling stuck. They might not have a diagnosis, but they sense something isn’t quite right and are ready to explore the deeper layers of their mind. What they want is clarity — to understand how their brain works, why they feel the way they do, and how to create meaningful, lasting change. They’re seeking transformation, not quick fixes, and are drawn to a
(02) 9387 6166 View (02) 9387 6166
Photo of Jasmine Abad, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Jasmine Abad
Psychologist, PsyBA General
3 Endorsed
Campbelltown, NSW 2560
Not accepting new clients
Jasmine has experience delivering intervention strategies for a range of mental health disorders across the lifespan including, anxiety, depression, personality trauma and grief related issues. Jasmine has a style that can be described as holistic, warm, inclusive and approachable, and she can easily engage with individuals in a respectful and non-judgmental manner. She provides an environment where individuals feel safe and comfortable to share their concerns. Jasmine works with adults aged 18 years and over.
Jasmine has experience delivering intervention strategies for a range of mental health disorders across the lifespan including, anxiety, depression, personality trauma and grief related issues. Jasmine has a style that can be described as holistic, warm, inclusive and approachable, and she can easily engage with individuals in a respectful and non-judgmental manner. She provides an environment where individuals feel safe and comfortable to share their concerns. Jasmine works with adults aged 18 years and over.
(02) 4214 4849 View (02) 4214 4849
Photo of Dr Saniya Singh, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Dr Saniya Singh
Psychologist, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Richmond, NSW 2753
I am a Clinical Psychologist and obtained a combined Masters/PhD (Clinical Psychology) from the University of Wollongong. I work with people from short to long-term, depending on their needs to address a range of difficulties including anxiety, low mood, relationship difficulties, anger and identity issues. I have a relational focus in my work and am comfortable integrating a number of modalities to help people understand themselves and change entrenched behaviours.
I am a Clinical Psychologist and obtained a combined Masters/PhD (Clinical Psychology) from the University of Wollongong. I work with people from short to long-term, depending on their needs to address a range of difficulties including anxiety, low mood, relationship difficulties, anger and identity issues. I have a relational focus in my work and am comfortable integrating a number of modalities to help people understand themselves and change entrenched behaviours.
(02) 8105 6839 View (02) 8105 6839
Photo of Sumaira Yousaf, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Sumaira Yousaf
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Online Only
You might be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally shut down, or constantly “on edge.” Maybe anxiety, emotional regulation difficulties, neurodivergence, or major life transitions are affecting your relationships and sense of self. You want support that feels safe, thoughtful, and genuinely understanding — not rushed or surface-level. I work with children, adolescents, and adults navigating anxiety, depression, stress, emotional regulation challenges, and neurodiversity (including autism and ADHD).
You might be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally shut down, or constantly “on edge.” Maybe anxiety, emotional regulation difficulties, neurodivergence, or major life transitions are affecting your relationships and sense of self. You want support that feels safe, thoughtful, and genuinely understanding — not rushed or surface-level. I work with children, adolescents, and adults navigating anxiety, depression, stress, emotional regulation challenges, and neurodiversity (including autism and ADHD).
(03) 7302 8416 View (03) 7302 8416
Photo of Dr Jess Siegle - Empowered Mind and Body, Counsellor, PhD, PACFA
Empowered Mind and Body
Counsellor, PhD, PACFA
Penrith, NSW 2750
At Empowered Mind and Body, Jess creates a safe and supportive environment. One of care, hope, compassion, respect and empowerment. Jess works with clients who've experienced trauma or DV, a diagnosis of ASD, depression, anxiety, mood disorders or self-esteem issues. She also works with parents and families dealing with the challenges, stresses and pressures of modern living. In addition to counselling, Jess is an accredited Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) Facilitator, delivering Youth MHFA and teen MHFA to adults and teens, school teachers, first responders, workplaces, the general community.
At Empowered Mind and Body, Jess creates a safe and supportive environment. One of care, hope, compassion, respect and empowerment. Jess works with clients who've experienced trauma or DV, a diagnosis of ASD, depression, anxiety, mood disorders or self-esteem issues. She also works with parents and families dealing with the challenges, stresses and pressures of modern living. In addition to counselling, Jess is an accredited Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) Facilitator, delivering Youth MHFA and teen MHFA to adults and teens, school teachers, first responders, workplaces, the general community.
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Photo of ana jalali, Counsellor, MSc, ACA-L2
ana jalali
Counsellor, MSc, ACA-L2
Online Only
I am passionate about supporting people to feel seen, heard, and empowered as they navigate life’s challenges. With a background in nursing, I bring a compassionate and grounded presence to my counselling practice, along with a deep commitment to supporting others through periods of stress, change, and uncertainty. I offer a safe, person-centred space where you can explore your experiences, build resilience, and reconnect with your sense of self and purpose.
I am passionate about supporting people to feel seen, heard, and empowered as they navigate life’s challenges. With a background in nursing, I bring a compassionate and grounded presence to my counselling practice, along with a deep commitment to supporting others through periods of stress, change, and uncertainty. I offer a safe, person-centred space where you can explore your experiences, build resilience, and reconnect with your sense of self and purpose.
(08) 6490 9321 View (08) 6490 9321
Photo of Rebecca Stern - Rebecca Stern Clinical Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Rebecca Stern Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Randwick, NSW 2031
I am a Clinical Psychologist passionate about supporting individuals who are trying to heal from childhood trauma. I also work with individuals who have experienced single incident trauma. I also have ten years of experience supporting individuals who are working on their relationship with eating and body image concerns. I have supported many people diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. I also have a wealth of experience with anxiety, including OCD and depression, self esteem concerns as well as identity concerns.
I am a Clinical Psychologist passionate about supporting individuals who are trying to heal from childhood trauma. I also work with individuals who have experienced single incident trauma. I also have ten years of experience supporting individuals who are working on their relationship with eating and body image concerns. I have supported many people diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. I also have a wealth of experience with anxiety, including OCD and depression, self esteem concerns as well as identity concerns.
(02) 9100 0256 View (02) 9100 0256
Photo of Elodie Vale - Elodie Vale Counselling, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L1
Elodie Vale Counselling
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L1
1 Endorsed
Randwick, NSW 2031
My ideal client is a woman aged 20 to 80 from any cultural or social background. She may feel isolated, defeated, lonely, stuck in life or relationships, or overwhelmed. She needs empathy, compassion, and a safe space where she feels seen, heard, and understood. She is navigating challenges in life and questioning her thoughts, behaviors, and overall approach to functioning. She may wish to create change in her life or simply seek a deeper understanding of herself. Build self-esteem and increase their sense of worth. Feel important and capable. Express their thoughts and complaints freely and confidentially. Take proactive steps
My ideal client is a woman aged 20 to 80 from any cultural or social background. She may feel isolated, defeated, lonely, stuck in life or relationships, or overwhelmed. She needs empathy, compassion, and a safe space where she feels seen, heard, and understood. She is navigating challenges in life and questioning her thoughts, behaviors, and overall approach to functioning. She may wish to create change in her life or simply seek a deeper understanding of herself. Build self-esteem and increase their sense of worth. Feel important and capable. Express their thoughts and complaints freely and confidentially. Take proactive steps
0415 086 146 View 0415 086 146
Photo of Diya John, Counsellor, MPsych, ACA-L1
Diya John
Counsellor, MPsych, ACA-L1
Online Only
I offer a safe space for expats, immigrants and the international community around Asia Pacific. As someone who moved to a new country (Japan) in the midst of the pandemic, I understand the complex feelings that come with moving homes, beginning a new journey and integrating into a new culture without losing what makes you unique. I work with individuals struggling with anxiety, low mood or loss of motivation, coping with life changes, trauma, grief & loss, and navigating loneliness/ relationships & dating life in a foreign city. I also draw from my 10 years of corporate experience in my approach to work-related issues.
I offer a safe space for expats, immigrants and the international community around Asia Pacific. As someone who moved to a new country (Japan) in the midst of the pandemic, I understand the complex feelings that come with moving homes, beginning a new journey and integrating into a new culture without losing what makes you unique. I work with individuals struggling with anxiety, low mood or loss of motivation, coping with life changes, trauma, grief & loss, and navigating loneliness/ relationships & dating life in a foreign city. I also draw from my 10 years of corporate experience in my approach to work-related issues.
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Photo of Dr Erin Kelly, Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Erin Kelly
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Marrickville, NSW 2204
I provide psychological support for adults experiencing anxiety, stress, overwhelm, self-criticism, and low self-confidence. I have a particular interest in midlife women's mental health, such as perimenopause, career/relationship/identity changes, and late-diagnosed ADHD. I also offer dedicated support for psychologists and other caring professionals - helping to sustain self-care, prevent or recover from burnout, and navigate challenges such as imposter syndrome and unrelenting standards.
I provide psychological support for adults experiencing anxiety, stress, overwhelm, self-criticism, and low self-confidence. I have a particular interest in midlife women's mental health, such as perimenopause, career/relationship/identity changes, and late-diagnosed ADHD. I also offer dedicated support for psychologists and other caring professionals - helping to sustain self-care, prevent or recover from burnout, and navigate challenges such as imposter syndrome and unrelenting standards.
0437 596 673 View 0437 596 673
Photo of Melissa Keeler, Counsellor, PACFA
Melissa Keeler
Counsellor, PACFA
Waitara, NSW 2077
Seeking support can take courage, whether it’s a decision you’ve come to on your own or one encouraged by someone who cares about you. You might be facing life transitions, relationship challenges, addiction, the aftermath of trauma, grief and loss, or simply trying to make sense of emotions that feel heavy or overwhelming. Whatever has brought you here, reading this now right now, I’m committed to walking alongside you, creating a space where you can feel safe, understood, and supported in a non-judgemental space.
Seeking support can take courage, whether it’s a decision you’ve come to on your own or one encouraged by someone who cares about you. You might be facing life transitions, relationship challenges, addiction, the aftermath of trauma, grief and loss, or simply trying to make sense of emotions that feel heavy or overwhelming. Whatever has brought you here, reading this now right now, I’m committed to walking alongside you, creating a space where you can feel safe, understood, and supported in a non-judgemental space.
(02) 8403 1692 View (02) 8403 1692
Photo of Yvette Litchfield - Yvette Litchfield Psychotherapy & Counselling, Psychotherapist, MC, PACFA
Yvette Litchfield Psychotherapy & Counselling
Psychotherapist, MC, PACFA
Online Only
YLPC is a trauma-informed and person-centred practice offering compassionate evidence-based support tailored to the individual. The two core offerings of my practice are therapy and clinical supervision. Therapeutically I specialise in Performing Voice Therapy to assist singers and other professional voice users navigate the challenges unique to their profession, and EMDR Therapy for those struggling with distressing memories.
YLPC is a trauma-informed and person-centred practice offering compassionate evidence-based support tailored to the individual. The two core offerings of my practice are therapy and clinical supervision. Therapeutically I specialise in Performing Voice Therapy to assist singers and other professional voice users navigate the challenges unique to their profession, and EMDR Therapy for those struggling with distressing memories.
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Photo of Caitlin Antoon, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Caitlin Antoon
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
1 Endorsed
Wahroonga, NSW 2076
Hello, my name is Caitlin, and I'm a clinical psychologist practicing at my clinic in Wahroonga. While I take mental health seriously, I try not to take myself or life too seriously. Sessions are relaxed and casual, but I'll also keep you accountable. If it like, bring your dog, a coffee and let's have a chat. Monday and Thursday (face to face or telehealth) Every second Wednesday afternoon (face to face or telehealth) Friday (telehealth)
Hello, my name is Caitlin, and I'm a clinical psychologist practicing at my clinic in Wahroonga. While I take mental health seriously, I try not to take myself or life too seriously. Sessions are relaxed and casual, but I'll also keep you accountable. If it like, bring your dog, a coffee and let's have a chat. Monday and Thursday (face to face or telehealth) Every second Wednesday afternoon (face to face or telehealth) Friday (telehealth)
(02) 8403 0102 View (02) 8403 0102
Photo of Meghna datta, Psychologist, MSc, PsyBA General
Meghna datta
Psychologist, MSc, PsyBA General
Online Only
Hi, I’m Meghna — a Registered Psychologist dedicated to creating a space where you feel safe, understood, and supported. I’ve worked across government and private sectors with children, adolescents, adults, and families, giving me a strong understanding of different life contexts and pressures. My approach is neuroaffirming, trauma-informed, and person-centred. I tailor therapy to your pace and goals, offering warm, collaborative support as you make meaningful changes in your life.
Hi, I’m Meghna — a Registered Psychologist dedicated to creating a space where you feel safe, understood, and supported. I’ve worked across government and private sectors with children, adolescents, adults, and families, giving me a strong understanding of different life contexts and pressures. My approach is neuroaffirming, trauma-informed, and person-centred. I tailor therapy to your pace and goals, offering warm, collaborative support as you make meaningful changes in your life.
(02) 8403 0367 View (02) 8403 0367
Photo of Cherie Gardner, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Cherie Gardner
Psychotherapist, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a Registered Psychotherapist and Counsellor and I support people experiencing relationship issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, shame, grief, loss, addictions, anger management and more. I support my clients by working on increased awareness, offering new ways to move forward in a more compassionate, resilient way of living. We all have shadow parts that run our lives at times, parts we want to push away and shut down, it's working with these parts and getting awareness around them that can create acceptance and real change.
I am a Registered Psychotherapist and Counsellor and I support people experiencing relationship issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, shame, grief, loss, addictions, anger management and more. I support my clients by working on increased awareness, offering new ways to move forward in a more compassionate, resilient way of living. We all have shadow parts that run our lives at times, parts we want to push away and shut down, it's working with these parts and getting awareness around them that can create acceptance and real change.
(02) 4307 5346 View (02) 4307 5346
Photo of Niko Bakker - Inner Discovery Counselling, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Inner Discovery Counselling
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L3
Serves Area
Asking for help can be really hard. This is something I've personally come to realise and over the years I've developed a great deal of respect for all of my clients. Whether you are familiar with therapy and working with mental health professionals, or you are unsure where to begin, I congratulate your efforts in the fact that you've come this far. Searching for support is a great step in the right direction. And I'll help you make many more steps in the right direction, wherever that may be for you.
Asking for help can be really hard. This is something I've personally come to realise and over the years I've developed a great deal of respect for all of my clients. Whether you are familiar with therapy and working with mental health professionals, or you are unsure where to begin, I congratulate your efforts in the fact that you've come this far. Searching for support is a great step in the right direction. And I'll help you make many more steps in the right direction, wherever that may be for you.
(02) 6405 9981 View (02) 6405 9981

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Psychologists and Therapists in Wareemba, NSW

< 10

Psychologists and Therapists in Wareemba, NSW who prioritize treating:

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Psychologists and Therapists in Wareemba, NSW see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Wareemba?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.