Counselling in Vacy, NSW

Photo of Xavier King, Counsellor
Xavier King
Counsellor
Serves Area
I work with individuals from all backgrounds, addressing challenges such as trauma, PTSD, depression, and anxiety. My approach is non-judgmental, holistic, and compassionate, providing a safe space for exploration and healing. Together, we can build emotional resilience, enhance self-awareness, and develop effective coping strategies to navigate life’s challenges and create a fulfilling and balanced life for everyone.
I work with individuals from all backgrounds, addressing challenges such as trauma, PTSD, depression, and anxiety. My approach is non-judgmental, holistic, and compassionate, providing a safe space for exploration and healing. Together, we can build emotional resilience, enhance self-awareness, and develop effective coping strategies to navigate life’s challenges and create a fulfilling and balanced life for everyone.
(02) 5941 6436 View (02) 5941 6436

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Reza Nejad - Prime Path Psychology, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Prime Path Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
At Prime Path Psychology, we work with clients who may feel stuck, anxious, overwhelmed, or emotionally disconnected. They may be facing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, eating or sleep difficulties, or grief. What they seek is clarity, support, and practical tools to help them heal and grow. Our ideal clients don’t need to have all the answers, just a willingness to explore and take steps toward meaningful change. We support them with empathy, collaboration, and evidence-based care.
At Prime Path Psychology, we work with clients who may feel stuck, anxious, overwhelmed, or emotionally disconnected. They may be facing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, eating or sleep difficulties, or grief. What they seek is clarity, support, and practical tools to help them heal and grow. Our ideal clients don’t need to have all the answers, just a willingness to explore and take steps toward meaningful change. We support them with empathy, collaboration, and evidence-based care.
(08) 7008 7952 View (08) 7008 7952
Photo of Amrita Arvind, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Amrita Arvind
Psychologist, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I believe that trust is the highest form of human motivation and tricky situations challenge it in ourselves. We can have strengths that are as salient and unique as the barriers we face. My clients can have a good insight into themselves or their situation. They may have qualities that set them up for life or have achievements and yet experience significant setbacks that impact their mental health. I work largely with women navigating their pregnancy, parents with young children (up to 4 yrs), immigrants or people of a multi-racial background navigating change in a personal or professional context.
I believe that trust is the highest form of human motivation and tricky situations challenge it in ourselves. We can have strengths that are as salient and unique as the barriers we face. My clients can have a good insight into themselves or their situation. They may have qualities that set them up for life or have achievements and yet experience significant setbacks that impact their mental health. I work largely with women navigating their pregnancy, parents with young children (up to 4 yrs), immigrants or people of a multi-racial background navigating change in a personal or professional context.
(02) 4307 5406 View (02) 4307 5406
Photo of Grahame Smith - Grahame Smith Counselling Services, Counsellor, ACA-L4
Grahame Smith Counselling Services
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Online Only
Grahame understands that the struggles his clients encounter in life are often not just one difficulty but are made up of many things. The clients he supports have sort assistance because their situations have caused their coping mechanisms to come under great strain and the quality of life they value so much has diminished, effecting how they see themselves and the people around them. Grahame has found the people he has assisted in counselling have tried to manage these difficulties and in doing so have developed their own strategies and coping skills with many being personal strengths, which he is committed to enhancing.
Grahame understands that the struggles his clients encounter in life are often not just one difficulty but are made up of many things. The clients he supports have sort assistance because their situations have caused their coping mechanisms to come under great strain and the quality of life they value so much has diminished, effecting how they see themselves and the people around them. Grahame has found the people he has assisted in counselling have tried to manage these difficulties and in doing so have developed their own strategies and coping skills with many being personal strengths, which he is committed to enhancing.
(02) 5504 1980 View (02) 5504 1980
Photo of Renee Bennett, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Renee Bennett
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Newcastle, NSW 2300
Renee is a compassionate and approachable psychologist, known for her warm and friendly demeanour. Her primary focus is on fostering a secure and trusting environment in her therapeutic relationships, which enables a cooperative approach where she dedicates time to comprehending the unique requirements and aspirations of each individual. Renee draws upon a diverse array of therapeutic techniques in her approach to care, including: Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy Neurofeedback Mindfulness-based strategies Interpersonal therapies Renee tailors her approach to suit the distinct needs of her clients.
Renee is a compassionate and approachable psychologist, known for her warm and friendly demeanour. Her primary focus is on fostering a secure and trusting environment in her therapeutic relationships, which enables a cooperative approach where she dedicates time to comprehending the unique requirements and aspirations of each individual. Renee draws upon a diverse array of therapeutic techniques in her approach to care, including: Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy Neurofeedback Mindfulness-based strategies Interpersonal therapies Renee tailors her approach to suit the distinct needs of her clients.
(02) 4071 2471 View (02) 4071 2471
Photo of Heather Adams, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Heather Adams
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Warners Bay, NSW 2282
Utilising current, evidence-based counselling techniques I honour all clients from a client-centred approach, as we journey together trusting the innate wisdom held within us all as a platform for healing and wellbeing. I have 11 years of socially diverse and culturally rich experience of counselling families and individuals experiencing trauma, loss, anxiety, stress, depression, addictions, OCD, major life transitions and relationship challenges. My long involvement with individuals and families, both personally and professionally, has taught me much about the struggles and challenges many of us may face.
Utilising current, evidence-based counselling techniques I honour all clients from a client-centred approach, as we journey together trusting the innate wisdom held within us all as a platform for healing and wellbeing. I have 11 years of socially diverse and culturally rich experience of counselling families and individuals experiencing trauma, loss, anxiety, stress, depression, addictions, OCD, major life transitions and relationship challenges. My long involvement with individuals and families, both personally and professionally, has taught me much about the struggles and challenges many of us may face.
(02) 8880 0757 View (02) 8880 0757
Photo of Nerine Strachan - Mindful Synergi, Psychotherapist, MSc, PACFA
Mindful Synergi
Psychotherapist, MSc, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Some of the reasons our clients seek our help include: Stress, Relationship breakdowns, Job-loss, Illness or bereavement, Prolonged anxiety, Depression, Addiction, Lack of confidence, or self-esteem, or a feeling of no direction, or life purpose. The name Mindful Synergi embodies a holistic and philosophical approach to counselling, and psychotherapy. As no one therapy or technique is right for everyone, we adapt our approach for each unique individual. Recognising that you are the expert on your own life, we support you through the personal process of self-discovery and transformation.
Some of the reasons our clients seek our help include: Stress, Relationship breakdowns, Job-loss, Illness or bereavement, Prolonged anxiety, Depression, Addiction, Lack of confidence, or self-esteem, or a feeling of no direction, or life purpose. The name Mindful Synergi embodies a holistic and philosophical approach to counselling, and psychotherapy. As no one therapy or technique is right for everyone, we adapt our approach for each unique individual. Recognising that you are the expert on your own life, we support you through the personal process of self-discovery and transformation.
(02) 4306 7753 View (02) 4306 7753
Photo of Danielle Perks - Psychology Centre Newcastle, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Psychology Centre Newcastle
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Broadmeadow, NSW 2292
Our team of skilled psychologists are experienced in providing evidence-based services to assess and treat a wide range of mental health difficulties. We work with people of all ages to provide quality psychological care that is individually tailored to your unique set of needs. Contact us today on 1300 294 619
Our team of skilled psychologists are experienced in providing evidence-based services to assess and treat a wide range of mental health difficulties. We work with people of all ages to provide quality psychological care that is individually tailored to your unique set of needs. Contact us today on 1300 294 619
(02) 4063 1352 View (02) 4063 1352
Photo of Lyndal R Schultz - Stepping Into Me - Counselling & Coaching, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Stepping Into Me - Counselling & Coaching
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Online Only
You’ve always held it together for everyone. But a question inside is stirring now. Maybe it’s a whisper, or maybe it’s loud…. Who am I? I work with women at turning points — feeling stuck, emotionally overwhelmed, or quietly questioning who they really are. Whether it's life after loss, burnout, relationship breakdowns, or a moment where nothing feels like “you” anymore, know that you're not alone.
You’ve always held it together for everyone. But a question inside is stirring now. Maybe it’s a whisper, or maybe it’s loud…. Who am I? I work with women at turning points — feeling stuck, emotionally overwhelmed, or quietly questioning who they really are. Whether it's life after loss, burnout, relationship breakdowns, or a moment where nothing feels like “you” anymore, know that you're not alone.
(02) 7804 4367 View (02) 7804 4367
Photo of Stephanie Casson, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Stephanie Casson
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Hamilton, NSW 2303
I am a clinical psychologist who works with a range of psychological and emotional concerns. I specialise in working with anxiety, stress, depression, and relationship issues. I have a particular interest in working with young people and adults who are experiencing eating disorders. I strongly believe that with supportive, effective, and personalised intervention, people living with eating disorders can experience a full recovery.
I am a clinical psychologist who works with a range of psychological and emotional concerns. I specialise in working with anxiety, stress, depression, and relationship issues. I have a particular interest in working with young people and adults who are experiencing eating disorders. I strongly believe that with supportive, effective, and personalised intervention, people living with eating disorders can experience a full recovery.
(02) 4005 2828 View (02) 4005 2828
Photo of Joanne Elizabeth Milton - The good space counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L1
The good space counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
1 Endorsed
Newcastle, NSW 2300
My name is Jo, and I am dedicated to creating a safe and supportive space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. As a counsellor at The Good Space Counselling, I aim to help you navigate life’s challenges and empower you to achieve personal growth and well-being.
My name is Jo, and I am dedicated to creating a safe and supportive space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. As a counsellor at The Good Space Counselling, I aim to help you navigate life’s challenges and empower you to achieve personal growth and well-being.
(02) 7257 2582 View (02) 7257 2582
Photo of Janine Epere, Psychotherapist, PsychD, ACA-L4
Janine Epere
Psychotherapist, PsychD, ACA-L4
Brookfield, NSW 2420
I am a Hunter Valley based therapist and Clinical Supervisor with over 15 years experience. I offer a wealth of knowledge and in-depth experience of complex trauma, life-controlling issues, addictions and relationships. Co-founder/CEO of a women's rehabilitation program, Destiny Haven, our mission is to see the lives of broken women restored. I have received significant recognition for my achievements, including finalist in Telstra Businesswomen's awards (2017). I use proven approaches offering unique expertise to help you quickly begin to experience relief from life controlling symptoms that hinder your relationships and limit life
I am a Hunter Valley based therapist and Clinical Supervisor with over 15 years experience. I offer a wealth of knowledge and in-depth experience of complex trauma, life-controlling issues, addictions and relationships. Co-founder/CEO of a women's rehabilitation program, Destiny Haven, our mission is to see the lives of broken women restored. I have received significant recognition for my achievements, including finalist in Telstra Businesswomen's awards (2017). I use proven approaches offering unique expertise to help you quickly begin to experience relief from life controlling symptoms that hinder your relationships and limit life
(02) 4058 4578 View (02) 4058 4578
Photo of Mark Rose, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Mark Rose
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Online Only
You’re worried & overwhelmed that your life is out of control and off track. You’re experiencing dread, agitation, and frustration as a result of living a life that you would not have chosen. If you’re struggling to cope with the world, now might be the time to connect with a psychologist who can help. Let us work together to develop a plan that can reassure you that things can & will change towards living a fulfilled life, more aligned with your values. Continue reading to learn how booking a therapy session today is the best, yet most difficult, decision you will ever make for your current well-being & your future self.
You’re worried & overwhelmed that your life is out of control and off track. You’re experiencing dread, agitation, and frustration as a result of living a life that you would not have chosen. If you’re struggling to cope with the world, now might be the time to connect with a psychologist who can help. Let us work together to develop a plan that can reassure you that things can & will change towards living a fulfilled life, more aligned with your values. Continue reading to learn how booking a therapy session today is the best, yet most difficult, decision you will ever make for your current well-being & your future self.
(02) 4005 0031 View (02) 4005 0031
Photo of Esther Davis - Esther Davis Psychology, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Esther Davis Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
As a fellow human, I deeply understand that pain and suffering, although normal, can be exquisitely hard. I provide a safe space for you to explore the struggles in your life and how your backstory affects you today. Together we can discover and establish the story you want to lead going forward; one in which you can be at rest and flourish.
As a fellow human, I deeply understand that pain and suffering, although normal, can be exquisitely hard. I provide a safe space for you to explore the struggles in your life and how your backstory affects you today. Together we can discover and establish the story you want to lead going forward; one in which you can be at rest and flourish.
(02) 4214 4075 View (02) 4214 4075
Photo of Dominique Caesar - Peer Collaborations, Social Worker, AMHSW
Peer Collaborations
Social Worker, AMHSW
Online Only
I’m Dom Caesar (they/them), an autistic and queer social worker. I work with people aged 16 and up, and I especially welcome those who identify as neurodivergent, queer, trans, or who have felt misunderstood or unsupported in traditional therapy settings. Some topics I love exploring with people include unpacking burnout, emotional exhaustion, or the toll of masking; exploring identity, including neurodivergence, gender, sexuality, and how these intersect; learning how to communicate your needs and boundaries; navigating systems (like workplaces, schools or families); and anything else that feels meaningful to you!
I’m Dom Caesar (they/them), an autistic and queer social worker. I work with people aged 16 and up, and I especially welcome those who identify as neurodivergent, queer, trans, or who have felt misunderstood or unsupported in traditional therapy settings. Some topics I love exploring with people include unpacking burnout, emotional exhaustion, or the toll of masking; exploring identity, including neurodivergence, gender, sexuality, and how these intersect; learning how to communicate your needs and boundaries; navigating systems (like workplaces, schools or families); and anything else that feels meaningful to you!
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Photo of Stephanie Ernst, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Stephanie Ernst
Counsellor, ACA-L2
2 Endorsed
Maitland, NSW 2320
Stephanie is a warm and compassionate listener who creates a friendly and safe space for you. She understands that reaching out for help can be overwhelming and is dedicated to making your journey easier. Together, you’ll explore your feelings and experiences, gaining insights and working towards positive changes. Using a client-centered approach, she integrates techniques like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Narrative Therapy, and Emotionally Focused Individual Therapy to support you along the way.
Stephanie is a warm and compassionate listener who creates a friendly and safe space for you. She understands that reaching out for help can be overwhelming and is dedicated to making your journey easier. Together, you’ll explore your feelings and experiences, gaining insights and working towards positive changes. Using a client-centered approach, she integrates techniques like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Narrative Therapy, and Emotionally Focused Individual Therapy to support you along the way.
(02) 4075 9848 View (02) 4075 9848
Photo of Amanda Labron Johnson, Counsellor, PACFA
Amanda Labron Johnson
Counsellor, PACFA
Serves Area
Counselling is a creative, very human process. I work with a person centred, integrative approach drawing from a range of counselling modalities. Attunement in the therapeutic relationship is key. This ensures that the counselling process is flexibly designed to meet your needs. Reflecting on one’s deepest issues, life path, pain and joy can be a transformative experience leading to insights and change. Witnessing and facilitating this therapeutic process and positive outcomes for clients is what continually renews my passion for this work. I work with adults, teens and children. For younger children I work with play therapy.
Counselling is a creative, very human process. I work with a person centred, integrative approach drawing from a range of counselling modalities. Attunement in the therapeutic relationship is key. This ensures that the counselling process is flexibly designed to meet your needs. Reflecting on one’s deepest issues, life path, pain and joy can be a transformative experience leading to insights and change. Witnessing and facilitating this therapeutic process and positive outcomes for clients is what continually renews my passion for this work. I work with adults, teens and children. For younger children I work with play therapy.
(02) 5504 1906 View (02) 5504 1906
Photo of Rebecca Levy, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Rebecca Levy
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Newcastle, NSW 2300
My work supports people to cultivate happy, loving, satisfying and intimate relationships with themselves and others. I work with individuals and couples of all genders. Together, we explore ways to: - Improve understanding with great communication skills - Resolve conflict and ways to reconnect after an argument - Identify and communicate healthy boundaries - Improve intimacy and connection with another - Healing from sexual challenges or trauma - Overcome shame, guilt or societal conditioning and experience more pleasure I combine a range of techniques including counselling, somatic sexology, Gottman Method Therapy.
My work supports people to cultivate happy, loving, satisfying and intimate relationships with themselves and others. I work with individuals and couples of all genders. Together, we explore ways to: - Improve understanding with great communication skills - Resolve conflict and ways to reconnect after an argument - Identify and communicate healthy boundaries - Improve intimacy and connection with another - Healing from sexual challenges or trauma - Overcome shame, guilt or societal conditioning and experience more pleasure I combine a range of techniques including counselling, somatic sexology, Gottman Method Therapy.
(02) 4005 0933 View (02) 4005 0933
Photo of Kath Doosey, Social Worker, AMHSW
Kath Doosey
Social Worker, AMHSW
1 Endorsed
Merewether, NSW 2291
Kath is an experienced EMDR Therapist, Accredited Mental Health Social Worker and Psychotherapist who started Hunter Clinical Services to create a safe and accepting space to access counselling and therapy. Kath works with adults and adolescents, and has extensive experience working survivors of trauma and violence, the adjustment to a sudden event or life change. Kath also provides therapy for depression, anxiety, relationship problems and divorce, chronic and / or neurological illness, and gender-related issues. Kath has a flexible and non-judgemental approach and will work with you through the challenges of life.
Kath is an experienced EMDR Therapist, Accredited Mental Health Social Worker and Psychotherapist who started Hunter Clinical Services to create a safe and accepting space to access counselling and therapy. Kath works with adults and adolescents, and has extensive experience working survivors of trauma and violence, the adjustment to a sudden event or life change. Kath also provides therapy for depression, anxiety, relationship problems and divorce, chronic and / or neurological illness, and gender-related issues. Kath has a flexible and non-judgemental approach and will work with you through the challenges of life.
(02) 4075 9805 View (02) 4075 9805
Photo of Emma Doolan, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Emma Doolan
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Newcastle West, NSW 2302
Emma is a Clinical Psychologist with a warm and flexible approach. She aims to work collaboratively with her clients to help them identify, understand and overcome challenges they are facing. She has experience working with individuals presenting with a range of difficulties and concerns, including anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, eating disorders, drug and alcohol issues and more. Her approach focuses on providing evidence-based treatments, primarily within a cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) framework, while also drawing on other modalities such as schema therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT).
Emma is a Clinical Psychologist with a warm and flexible approach. She aims to work collaboratively with her clients to help them identify, understand and overcome challenges they are facing. She has experience working with individuals presenting with a range of difficulties and concerns, including anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, eating disorders, drug and alcohol issues and more. Her approach focuses on providing evidence-based treatments, primarily within a cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) framework, while also drawing on other modalities such as schema therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT).
(02) 4005 0039 View (02) 4005 0039

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vacy, NSW

< 10

Therapists in Vacy, NSW who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% ADHD
100% Domestic Abuse
100% Life Coaching
100% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Male

How Therapists in Vacy, NSW see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Vacy?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.