Counselling in Orchard Hills, NSW

Photo of Shivani Mittal, Psychotherapist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Shivani Mittal
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Orchard Hills, NSW 2748
First few sessions will be based on client centred therapy, that is exploring with you the ins and outs behind seeking therapy. And, what is it you would like to gain from therapy? Followed by Integrative interventions and counselling techniques, like psycho education (providing resources), solution focused (collaborate to finding solutions), CBT (understand the reasons behind the thinking, ACT (Working on commitment and REBT (the aim of which is to resolve emotional and behavioural problems and disturbances and to help people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.
First few sessions will be based on client centred therapy, that is exploring with you the ins and outs behind seeking therapy. And, what is it you would like to gain from therapy? Followed by Integrative interventions and counselling techniques, like psycho education (providing resources), solution focused (collaborate to finding solutions), CBT (understand the reasons behind the thinking, ACT (Working on commitment and REBT (the aim of which is to resolve emotional and behavioural problems and disturbances and to help people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.
(02) 7804 4866 View (02) 7804 4866

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Richard Elms Therapy Training Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Richard Elms Therapy Training Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750  (Online Only)
Richard Elms is an experienced therapist, offering compassionate and solution focussed counselling, working together with his clients to create meaningful and lasting change in their lives. Richard also provides clinical and professional supervision as well as training to other professionals.
Richard Elms is an experienced therapist, offering compassionate and solution focussed counselling, working together with his clients to create meaningful and lasting change in their lives. Richard also provides clinical and professional supervision as well as training to other professionals.
(07) 5241 2997 View (07) 5241 2997
Photo of Minutes to Happy Counselling, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Minutes to Happy Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
Not accepting new clients
Are you facing a stressful life situation, Chronic pain, a chronic health condition, an eating disorder, tinnitus, or challenged with a mental health struggle? I'm here to help. Are you facing challenges like...holding off on dreams and goals you care deeply about? Struggling to smile on the hard days? Longing to adventure outdoors and get active? Worrying about what the future holds? Nervously navigating relationships? difficulty maintaining a sense of meaning and purpose? Managing pain and discomfort, all while managing the demands of work and family life? Counselling provides support and progress in your health, life, and goals.
Are you facing a stressful life situation, Chronic pain, a chronic health condition, an eating disorder, tinnitus, or challenged with a mental health struggle? I'm here to help. Are you facing challenges like...holding off on dreams and goals you care deeply about? Struggling to smile on the hard days? Longing to adventure outdoors and get active? Worrying about what the future holds? Nervously navigating relationships? difficulty maintaining a sense of meaning and purpose? Managing pain and discomfort, all while managing the demands of work and family life? Counselling provides support and progress in your health, life, and goals.
(02) 4503 4975 View (02) 4503 4975
Photo of Trisha Harris - Riverview Counselling, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Trisha Harris - Riverview Counselling
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Penrith, NSW 2750
Hi, my name is Trisha Harris, I am a mum of 4, including 3 who are neurodivergent. I work with individuals, couples and teens, including NDIS. I understand the need for support, to be heard, to have undivided attention that is just for YOU. I can help you handle the 'right now' with a safe space for you to plan for your future and reach your goals. Supporting you, every step of the way.
Hi, my name is Trisha Harris, I am a mum of 4, including 3 who are neurodivergent. I work with individuals, couples and teens, including NDIS. I understand the need for support, to be heard, to have undivided attention that is just for YOU. I can help you handle the 'right now' with a safe space for you to plan for your future and reach your goals. Supporting you, every step of the way.
(02) 4703 5077 View (02) 4703 5077
Photo of Louise Jeanette Evans, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Louise Jeanette Evans
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
I'm a Counsellor and Walk and Talk Therapist, practicing in the Penrith, Blue Mountains, and Camden. My practice is unique as sessions are provided in local parks and walking trails. My vision is to reconnect my clients with the natural environment while enhancing your coping skills, uncovering your personal strengths and empowering you to move forward towards your goals and greater happiness. Consultations are 60 minutes long and the first 30 minute phone session provides the opportunity for you to consider if walk and talk therapy will be a better fit for you.
I'm a Counsellor and Walk and Talk Therapist, practicing in the Penrith, Blue Mountains, and Camden. My practice is unique as sessions are provided in local parks and walking trails. My vision is to reconnect my clients with the natural environment while enhancing your coping skills, uncovering your personal strengths and empowering you to move forward towards your goals and greater happiness. Consultations are 60 minutes long and the first 30 minute phone session provides the opportunity for you to consider if walk and talk therapy will be a better fit for you.
(02) 4708 9530 View (02) 4708 9530
Photo of Staghorn Sexology, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Staghorn Sexology
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2747
We provide counselling specialising in the following areas: -psychosexual therapy for sexual problems such as erectile dysfunction, performance anxieties, ejaculatory disorders, painful sex and mismatched/low libido; - relationship counselling; - individual counselling especially around gender/sexual orientation issues and anxiety/depression. We have special interest in men's health, ageing sexuality, sexual function after cancer diagnosis/treatment, infidelity, and gay/lesbian/queer relationships including consensual non-monogamy.
We provide counselling specialising in the following areas: -psychosexual therapy for sexual problems such as erectile dysfunction, performance anxieties, ejaculatory disorders, painful sex and mismatched/low libido; - relationship counselling; - individual counselling especially around gender/sexual orientation issues and anxiety/depression. We have special interest in men's health, ageing sexuality, sexual function after cancer diagnosis/treatment, infidelity, and gay/lesbian/queer relationships including consensual non-monogamy.
(02) 4063 1410 View (02) 4063 1410
Photo of Emily Radford, Psychologist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Emily Radford
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA Prov
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2747  (Online Only)
Hi I'm Emily (they/they), I'm a compassionate and dedicated Provisional Psychologist with a strong commitment to supporting clients from diverse backgrounds. As a non-binary, queer, and neurodivergent clinician, my lived experience aids me to innately empathise with some of the experiences clients may be navigating, sparing the need for extensive explanations on LGBTQIA+ and neurodivergent aspects of identity. My experience encompasses a broad array of client presentations, including ADHD, Autism, gender identity, gender dysphoria, dissociative disorders, mood disorders, family and relational conflicts, complex trauma/abuse.
Hi I'm Emily (they/they), I'm a compassionate and dedicated Provisional Psychologist with a strong commitment to supporting clients from diverse backgrounds. As a non-binary, queer, and neurodivergent clinician, my lived experience aids me to innately empathise with some of the experiences clients may be navigating, sparing the need for extensive explanations on LGBTQIA+ and neurodivergent aspects of identity. My experience encompasses a broad array of client presentations, including ADHD, Autism, gender identity, gender dysphoria, dissociative disorders, mood disorders, family and relational conflicts, complex trauma/abuse.
(02) 9100 0147 View (02) 9100 0147
Photo of Todd Griffin, Psychologist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Todd Griffin
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
Congratulations on taking the first step towards personal growth and fulfilment - seeking professional help can often be the hardest step of all! As the director and principal psychologist at TG Psychology, I have over 20 years of experience helping people overcome the barriers that stop them feeling passionate about their lives. Barriers which include: depression, anxiety, stress, anger, self-regulation deficits, addictions, trauma, grief, low self-esteem, relationship issues, and many more. I believe life is too short to waste feeling unhappy and dissatisfied, and I want to help you to feel the same way!
Congratulations on taking the first step towards personal growth and fulfilment - seeking professional help can often be the hardest step of all! As the director and principal psychologist at TG Psychology, I have over 20 years of experience helping people overcome the barriers that stop them feeling passionate about their lives. Barriers which include: depression, anxiety, stress, anger, self-regulation deficits, addictions, trauma, grief, low self-esteem, relationship issues, and many more. I believe life is too short to waste feeling unhappy and dissatisfied, and I want to help you to feel the same way!
(02) 4703 9786 View (02) 4703 9786
Photo of Luke Wright, Psychologist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Luke Wright
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
I am a compassionate, non-judgemental and validating clinician who strives to facilitate a therapy environment where my clients can feel relaxed, understood and leave each session with new insights or skills to face life’s challenges, no matter what it might be! I believe that there is no one size fits all approach to therapy. My therapeutic approach puts my clients at the centre of their therapy journey, collaboratively working towards their own unique goals or values and tailoring a treatment modality that works for them.
I am a compassionate, non-judgemental and validating clinician who strives to facilitate a therapy environment where my clients can feel relaxed, understood and leave each session with new insights or skills to face life’s challenges, no matter what it might be! I believe that there is no one size fits all approach to therapy. My therapeutic approach puts my clients at the centre of their therapy journey, collaboratively working towards their own unique goals or values and tailoring a treatment modality that works for them.
(02) 4721 3016 View (02) 4721 3016
Photo of Florence Thum, Psychotherapist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Florence Thum
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
Hi there! I work with teenagers and adults from diverse gender, cultural and socioeconomic background in areas of personal growth and development, communication and conflict, stress and anxiety, interpersonal relationships, education and schooling, mid-life questioning, existential or spiritual issues, grief and loss. I have worked in different professional settings from law to education and psychotherapy, and attuned to sociocultural impacts on our mental health. Our therapeutic or coaching session is a safe space for awareness and healing and to lean towards positive action.
Hi there! I work with teenagers and adults from diverse gender, cultural and socioeconomic background in areas of personal growth and development, communication and conflict, stress and anxiety, interpersonal relationships, education and schooling, mid-life questioning, existential or spiritual issues, grief and loss. I have worked in different professional settings from law to education and psychotherapy, and attuned to sociocultural impacts on our mental health. Our therapeutic or coaching session is a safe space for awareness and healing and to lean towards positive action.
(02) 4503 8982 View (02) 4503 8982
Photo of Denise Metcalfe, Psychologist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Denise Metcalfe
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! I look forward to getting to know you and working with you to achieve your goals for therapy. I adopt a person-centered approach in my sessions, tailoring therapy to the unique needs of my clients.
Hello and welcome! I look forward to getting to know you and working with you to achieve your goals for therapy. I adopt a person-centered approach in my sessions, tailoring therapy to the unique needs of my clients.
(02) 7804 4603 View (02) 7804 4603
Photo of Martin Roberts, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Martin Roberts
Counsellor, MA, AThR
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
In my practice, I work towards an understanding of each person’s needs to develop a responsive, culturally sensitive practice, and provide an empathic, non-judgmental space where people can feel heard, valued, connected, empowered and understood. I have extensive experience working with teens through to adults of all genders, and specialise in trauma, complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, ASD, sexuality, gender, identity and self-esteem.
In my practice, I work towards an understanding of each person’s needs to develop a responsive, culturally sensitive practice, and provide an empathic, non-judgmental space where people can feel heard, valued, connected, empowered and understood. I have extensive experience working with teens through to adults of all genders, and specialise in trauma, complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, ASD, sexuality, gender, identity and self-esteem.
(02) 4501 7934 View (02) 4501 7934
Photo of Equanimity Counselling, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Equanimity Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Penrith, NSW 2750
Sometimes we can get lost in our thoughts, we can get caught up in the busy everyday and forget about our own mental health, our own wellbeing. If you are finding it difficult to rest, difficult to sleep or perhaps your mind wanders at work and you can't stay focussed. Those simple decisions have become too hard and the motivation is slipping away. If you feel you are experiencing more 'down' days than 'up' days it could be time to reach out for support. I can help you to establish goals to get you back on track, to be a happier you and back to enjoying life to its fullest.
Sometimes we can get lost in our thoughts, we can get caught up in the busy everyday and forget about our own mental health, our own wellbeing. If you are finding it difficult to rest, difficult to sleep or perhaps your mind wanders at work and you can't stay focussed. Those simple decisions have become too hard and the motivation is slipping away. If you feel you are experiencing more 'down' days than 'up' days it could be time to reach out for support. I can help you to establish goals to get you back on track, to be a happier you and back to enjoying life to its fullest.
(02) 8403 2786 View (02) 8403 2786
Photo of Liberty Road Counselling & Psychotherapy, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Liberty Road Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
Our passion at Liberty Road Counselling is to walk with you as you move toward the rich and fulfilling life you desire; a life of liberty, purpose and meaning. To us, this means to be at liberty to live a life free from the domination of the troubling thoughts and emotions common to human experience. Perhaps one of the more healing experiences we can have when we are troubled or hurting, is to be with someone who is able to sit with you in your place of pain, someone who offers empathy, acceptance and a listening ear. It is our aim to build this relationship with all that come to us
Our passion at Liberty Road Counselling is to walk with you as you move toward the rich and fulfilling life you desire; a life of liberty, purpose and meaning. To us, this means to be at liberty to live a life free from the domination of the troubling thoughts and emotions common to human experience. Perhaps one of the more healing experiences we can have when we are troubled or hurting, is to be with someone who is able to sit with you in your place of pain, someone who offers empathy, acceptance and a listening ear. It is our aim to build this relationship with all that come to us
(02) 4501 7087 View (02) 4501 7087
Photo of Diversity Counselling Services, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Diversity Counselling Services
Counsellor, MA
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2747  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Trevor Lee. I am a person-centered therapist that provides therapy which is catered to each client. I have experience providing therapy with a multitude of aspects including relationships, trauma, grief & loss, addiction, depression & anxiety, loneliness, work-related stress, life-transitions & life-purpose. I became a therapist after deciding that I wanted to support others through my own lived experience of mental illness for over 13 years. I come from a Chinese background have an inter-cultural understanding of supporting CALD individuals.
Hi, my name is Trevor Lee. I am a person-centered therapist that provides therapy which is catered to each client. I have experience providing therapy with a multitude of aspects including relationships, trauma, grief & loss, addiction, depression & anxiety, loneliness, work-related stress, life-transitions & life-purpose. I became a therapist after deciding that I wanted to support others through my own lived experience of mental illness for over 13 years. I come from a Chinese background have an inter-cultural understanding of supporting CALD individuals.
(02) 7804 4905 View (02) 7804 4905
Photo of Neelab Omar, Psychologist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Neelab Omar
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
I strive to create a safe and non-judgmental space for my clients to explore their innermost vulnerabilities, and get through the painful emotions, stories, and difficulties life throws their way. One of my greatest joys is when my clients feel understood and supported. I value the development of a strong therapeutic alliance as it's of the utmost importance to treatment outcomes. Therefore, you'll find that my approach is friendly, warm, relaxed, open, and non-judgemental.
I strive to create a safe and non-judgmental space for my clients to explore their innermost vulnerabilities, and get through the painful emotions, stories, and difficulties life throws their way. One of my greatest joys is when my clients feel understood and supported. I value the development of a strong therapeutic alliance as it's of the utmost importance to treatment outcomes. Therefore, you'll find that my approach is friendly, warm, relaxed, open, and non-judgemental.
(02) 8074 5413 View (02) 8074 5413
Photo of Sumana Ferdous, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Sumana Ferdous
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
I have a Bachelor's Degree in Arts, a Graduate Diploma in Counselling, and is currently pursuing a Master's in Counselling and Psychotherapy.
I have a Bachelor's Degree in Arts, a Graduate Diploma in Counselling, and is currently pursuing a Master's in Counselling and Psychotherapy.
(02) 4703 7115 View (02) 4703 7115
Photo of Pumla Coleman, Psychotherapist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Pumla Coleman
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Penrith, NSW 2750
I am an experienced mental health professional. I have expertise in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, trauma related disorders, health related and stress disorders, as well as phase of life and circumstantial stress. My personal strength include genuine caring, compassion and unconditional positive regard for all clients. Knowing that life can become challenging for different reasons, I have learnt to appreciate the strength and wisdom of my clients. My therapeutic approach allows for my clients to guide me through the process and explore all the necessary issues they need to overcome.
I am an experienced mental health professional. I have expertise in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, trauma related disorders, health related and stress disorders, as well as phase of life and circumstantial stress. My personal strength include genuine caring, compassion and unconditional positive regard for all clients. Knowing that life can become challenging for different reasons, I have learnt to appreciate the strength and wisdom of my clients. My therapeutic approach allows for my clients to guide me through the process and explore all the necessary issues they need to overcome.
(02) 9100 0529 View (02) 9100 0529
Photo of Natalie Harman, Psychotherapist in Orchard Hills, NSW
Natalie Harman
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
PACFA-registered Clinical Counsellor and psychotherapist, Natalie Harman has extensive experience and an unrivalled understanding of hospital workplace culture. As the Founder of Becoming Mindful Natalie Harman delivers tailored wellbeing programs in hospital workplaces which include individual counselling and coaching to equip doctors with the tools needed to move beyond survival to thriving. Natalie’s trauma-informed clinical approach and deep understanding of hospital environments enables her to integrate several therapeutic techniques that are tailored to meet the individual needs of both the client and department.
PACFA-registered Clinical Counsellor and psychotherapist, Natalie Harman has extensive experience and an unrivalled understanding of hospital workplace culture. As the Founder of Becoming Mindful Natalie Harman delivers tailored wellbeing programs in hospital workplaces which include individual counselling and coaching to equip doctors with the tools needed to move beyond survival to thriving. Natalie’s trauma-informed clinical approach and deep understanding of hospital environments enables her to integrate several therapeutic techniques that are tailored to meet the individual needs of both the client and department.
(02) 8355 9759 View (02) 8355 9759
Photo of Rhyan Andrews, Counsellor in Orchard Hills, NSW
Rhyan Andrews
Counsellor, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Penrith, NSW 2750
Not accepting new clients
I have worked as a social worker and counsellor for over 30 years in NSW Health. I have specialised in grief and loss, relationships, sexual health and women's health. I am passionate about helping my clients feel more positive about themselves and their life. I believe in the power of positive, respectful counselling to move us forward and heal emotionally. Please note, I do not take out of hour calls. In this case, please call Lifeline on 131114 for support.
I have worked as a social worker and counsellor for over 30 years in NSW Health. I have specialised in grief and loss, relationships, sexual health and women's health. I am passionate about helping my clients feel more positive about themselves and their life. I believe in the power of positive, respectful counselling to move us forward and heal emotionally. Please note, I do not take out of hour calls. In this case, please call Lifeline on 131114 for support.
(02) 4708 9532 View (02) 4708 9532

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Orchard Hills, NSW

< 10

Counsellors in Orchard Hills, NSW who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Addiction
100% Child
100% Chronic Pain
100% Domestic Abuse

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Counsellors in Orchard Hills, NSW see their clients

100% In Person and Online

FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Orchard Hills?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.