Counselling in Mortdale, NSW

Photo of Irene Valis, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Irene Valis
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Mortdale, NSW 2223
Welcome. My heartfelt intention is to hold a safe and supportive space for women to feel heard, healed and whole. Using mindbody principles of Gestalt Therapy and polyvagal theory, I offer a personalised, relational and embodied approach to supporting women who may be experiencing a disconnect from themselves, others or their environment - whether it be through emotional overwhelm, physical burnout, or mental preoccupation. By healing past traumas, emotions and narratives that impede and impact our lives in the present, the result is internal safety, lasting change and a coming home to oneself.
Welcome. My heartfelt intention is to hold a safe and supportive space for women to feel heard, healed and whole. Using mindbody principles of Gestalt Therapy and polyvagal theory, I offer a personalised, relational and embodied approach to supporting women who may be experiencing a disconnect from themselves, others or their environment - whether it be through emotional overwhelm, physical burnout, or mental preoccupation. By healing past traumas, emotions and narratives that impede and impact our lives in the present, the result is internal safety, lasting change and a coming home to oneself.
(02) 8105 5981 View (02) 8105 5981
Photo of Rickii Lotsaris, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Rickii Lotsaris
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
My name is Rickii and I am a Psychologist who works with children, adolescents, and young adults. I take pride in assisting young people who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, self-harm, disordered eating, and school/study concerns. I find it incredibly fulfilling to be on my client’s team as they achieve their goals, whether it be learning how to self-soothe when anxious, or how to navigate challenging friendship conflicts at school.
My name is Rickii and I am a Psychologist who works with children, adolescents, and young adults. I take pride in assisting young people who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, self-harm, disordered eating, and school/study concerns. I find it incredibly fulfilling to be on my client’s team as they achieve their goals, whether it be learning how to self-soothe when anxious, or how to navigate challenging friendship conflicts at school.
(02) 8105 5369 View (02) 8105 5369
Photo of Anita S, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Anita S
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Anita is a registered psychologist with extensive experience providing psychological assessment and interventions to children, adolescents, and adults. Anita’s specific interests include anxiety, depression, grief and loss, trauma and PTSD, life transitions and adjustment difficulties, eating and body image concerns, ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Anita also works with clients who have experienced trauma such as abuse, neglect, and domestic violence. Anita works with individuals through Medicare, Private, Victims Services, NDIS, Open Arms/DVA and Workcover/SIRA.
Anita is a registered psychologist with extensive experience providing psychological assessment and interventions to children, adolescents, and adults. Anita’s specific interests include anxiety, depression, grief and loss, trauma and PTSD, life transitions and adjustment difficulties, eating and body image concerns, ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Anita also works with clients who have experienced trauma such as abuse, neglect, and domestic violence. Anita works with individuals through Medicare, Private, Victims Services, NDIS, Open Arms/DVA and Workcover/SIRA.
(02) 8105 6470 View (02) 8105 6470
Photo of Rebecca Dooley, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Rebecca Dooley
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Rebecca is a registered psychologist who completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science with First Class Honours at the Australian Catholic University (ACU) and a Master of Clinical Psychology at University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Rebecca adopts a warm, collaborative and trauma-informed approach to empower individuals to enact meaningful change in their life. Rebecca enjoys working with individuals across the lifespan, who may be experiencing mood or anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, relationship/attachment difficulties, difficulties with emotion regulation or those navigating significant life stressors.
Rebecca is a registered psychologist who completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science with First Class Honours at the Australian Catholic University (ACU) and a Master of Clinical Psychology at University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Rebecca adopts a warm, collaborative and trauma-informed approach to empower individuals to enact meaningful change in their life. Rebecca enjoys working with individuals across the lifespan, who may be experiencing mood or anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, relationship/attachment difficulties, difficulties with emotion regulation or those navigating significant life stressors.
(02) 8105 5672 View (02) 8105 5672
Photo of Anastasia Hronis, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Anastasia Hronis
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Dr Anastasia Hronis (B Psych Hons, M Clin Psych, AMusA, LMusA, Ph.D) is a clinical psychologist and founder of the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. Anastasia provides individual and group therapy. Anastasia also holds the position of Honorary Associate at the University of Technology Sydney, where she provides lectures and research supervision to students in the Master of Clinical Psychology Program.
Dr Anastasia Hronis (B Psych Hons, M Clin Psych, AMusA, LMusA, Ph.D) is a clinical psychologist and founder of the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. Anastasia provides individual and group therapy. Anastasia also holds the position of Honorary Associate at the University of Technology Sydney, where she provides lectures and research supervision to students in the Master of Clinical Psychology Program.
(02) 8105 5006 View (02) 8105 5006
Photo of Steven Passfield, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Steven Passfield
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Steven is a psychologist who provides a calming presence to aid individuals understand and resolve their struggles within a relaxed environment. Steven emphasises the individuality of each client to ensure that they are seen as more than a diagnosis and receive an intervention tailored to their needs. Steven has completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science (Honours) and Master of Clinical Psychology. Steven has had experience working within public and private settings to address a variety of presenting issues, including anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma.
Steven is a psychologist who provides a calming presence to aid individuals understand and resolve their struggles within a relaxed environment. Steven emphasises the individuality of each client to ensure that they are seen as more than a diagnosis and receive an intervention tailored to their needs. Steven has completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science (Honours) and Master of Clinical Psychology. Steven has had experience working within public and private settings to address a variety of presenting issues, including anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma.
(02) 8105 6288 View (02) 8105 6288
Photo of Alena Piccolruaz, Psychologist, MPsych, Assoc MAPS
Alena Piccolruaz
Psychologist, MPsych, Assoc MAPS
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I have a special interest in working with children, adolescents, and families in addition to supporting mums and dads through pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Issues treated (but not limited to) include; anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, school issues, suicidal thinking, personality disorder, anger management, gender transitioning, self-harm, grief and loss, work related issues (Workcover accredited psych), life coaching, relationship matters, family mediation, court and legal reports and the teaching of parenting skills. I also offer couples, family and marital therapy. I am also an accredited Supervisor to other psychologists.
I have a special interest in working with children, adolescents, and families in addition to supporting mums and dads through pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Issues treated (but not limited to) include; anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, school issues, suicidal thinking, personality disorder, anger management, gender transitioning, self-harm, grief and loss, work related issues (Workcover accredited psych), life coaching, relationship matters, family mediation, court and legal reports and the teaching of parenting skills. I also offer couples, family and marital therapy. I am also an accredited Supervisor to other psychologists.
(02) 9159 6930 View (02) 9159 6930

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Jo Mansergh, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Jo Mansergh
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Wahroonga, NSW 2076
Jo is a psychologist and educator who provides psychoeducational assessments for young people aged 6-25 years. A comprehensive assessment can reveal underlying vulnerabilities that may contribute to behavioural or learning difficulties at school. Jo offers assessments for cognitive ability, academic achievement, learning difficulties and giftedness, ADHD, intellectual disability and SLD . Jo's strength-based approach ensures that clients feel well supported throughout the assessment process. Her comprehensive reports make clear what the results mean for the young person and how families and teachers may implement recommendations .
Jo is a psychologist and educator who provides psychoeducational assessments for young people aged 6-25 years. A comprehensive assessment can reveal underlying vulnerabilities that may contribute to behavioural or learning difficulties at school. Jo offers assessments for cognitive ability, academic achievement, learning difficulties and giftedness, ADHD, intellectual disability and SLD . Jo's strength-based approach ensures that clients feel well supported throughout the assessment process. Her comprehensive reports make clear what the results mean for the young person and how families and teachers may implement recommendations .
(02) 8403 1410 View (02) 8403 1410
Photo of Vanessa Steele, Counsellor, ACA-L4
Vanessa Steele
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Mona Vale, NSW 2103
As your counsellor, I work with you to meet the challenges in your life as you experience them. In a safe, caring space you are free to express your feelings, be heard and understood: where you can honestly explore your concerns. Together, we can clarify what kind of life you want to live, recognise your strengths and resources, discover your options, increase your self-awareness, and develop strategies to help you live your life the way you choose. My background in the performing arts has given me an appreciation of the incredible diversity in perspectives and choices we make as individuals, and to truly value the human spirit.
As your counsellor, I work with you to meet the challenges in your life as you experience them. In a safe, caring space you are free to express your feelings, be heard and understood: where you can honestly explore your concerns. Together, we can clarify what kind of life you want to live, recognise your strengths and resources, discover your options, increase your self-awareness, and develop strategies to help you live your life the way you choose. My background in the performing arts has given me an appreciation of the incredible diversity in perspectives and choices we make as individuals, and to truly value the human spirit.
(02) 8403 1873 View (02) 8403 1873
Photo of Danielle Beazley - Focused Foundations
Focused Foundations
Verified Verified
Helensburgh, NSW 2508
We aim to help people at all stages of their ADHD journey and those who care for them. We think there is tremendous power in understanding yourself and your loved ones. We want people to learn to leverage the advantages of ADHD and put strategies in place for the rest. Knowledge is power.
We aim to help people at all stages of their ADHD journey and those who care for them. We think there is tremendous power in understanding yourself and your loved ones. We want people to learn to leverage the advantages of ADHD and put strategies in place for the rest. Knowledge is power.
(02) 4214 8804 View (02) 4214 8804
Photo of Natasha De Bellis, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Natasha De Bellis
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Natasha is a passionate and caring registered psychologist who uses a solution-focused approach to help you explore and develop strategies to better cope with the challenges you may be facing. Natasha has over 15 years experience in the Workers compensation space and Natasha has extensive experiencing working with adults to help them manage with anxiety, adjustment issues, low self-esteem and postnatal depression. Natasha also has special interest in coaching, teaching assertiveness and parenting.
Natasha is a passionate and caring registered psychologist who uses a solution-focused approach to help you explore and develop strategies to better cope with the challenges you may be facing. Natasha has over 15 years experience in the Workers compensation space and Natasha has extensive experiencing working with adults to help them manage with anxiety, adjustment issues, low self-esteem and postnatal depression. Natasha also has special interest in coaching, teaching assertiveness and parenting.
1800 327 477 x1 View 1800 327 477 x1
Photo of Claudia Vayda, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Claudia Vayda
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Stanmore, NSW 2048
With over 25 years’ experience as a Psychologist and Family Therapist, I have worked both in crisis and outpatient settings with drug and alcohol, at-risk, and acute mental health populations as well as in private practice with couples, families, and individuals. My work now focusses on working together to facilitate and create sustained positive change with my clients, and to assist recovery from abuse, trauma, and adverse life events.
With over 25 years’ experience as a Psychologist and Family Therapist, I have worked both in crisis and outpatient settings with drug and alcohol, at-risk, and acute mental health populations as well as in private practice with couples, families, and individuals. My work now focusses on working together to facilitate and create sustained positive change with my clients, and to assist recovery from abuse, trauma, and adverse life events.
0493 838 567 View 0493 838 567
Photo of Vicki Boler, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Vicki Boler
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
West Ryde, NSW 2114
Hello, I’m Vicki, a licensed psychologist, mother, and someone who values a down-to-earth, approachable style in therapy. My goal is to create a warm, safe, and supportive space where you can truly be yourself. I’ve been told that I bring a gentle, compassionate presence to sessions, which helps people feel comfortable opening up and exploring their thoughts and feelings. At the same time, I believe in the power of growth, and I am here to help you challenge yourself in a way that feels empowering. Whether you’re dealing with mental illness or simply looking to make a change, I’ll work alongside you to expand your comfort zone.
Hello, I’m Vicki, a licensed psychologist, mother, and someone who values a down-to-earth, approachable style in therapy. My goal is to create a warm, safe, and supportive space where you can truly be yourself. I’ve been told that I bring a gentle, compassionate presence to sessions, which helps people feel comfortable opening up and exploring their thoughts and feelings. At the same time, I believe in the power of growth, and I am here to help you challenge yourself in a way that feels empowering. Whether you’re dealing with mental illness or simply looking to make a change, I’ll work alongside you to expand your comfort zone.
(02) 7804 4713 View (02) 7804 4713
Photo of Jess Koh, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L3
Jess Koh
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with individuals living with anxiety, burnout, low self-esteem, perfectionism, and challenges navigating family dynamics or life transitions. Many are dealing with the stress of balancing work, personal life, the pressures of systemic issues and modern-day living. You may be seeking to reconnect with yourself, build deeper relationships, and gain clarity in a world that often feels overwhelming. My clients want to feel empowered, compassionate towards themselves, and confident in their decisions, moving towards a life that feels more aligned with who they truly are.
I work with individuals living with anxiety, burnout, low self-esteem, perfectionism, and challenges navigating family dynamics or life transitions. Many are dealing with the stress of balancing work, personal life, the pressures of systemic issues and modern-day living. You may be seeking to reconnect with yourself, build deeper relationships, and gain clarity in a world that often feels overwhelming. My clients want to feel empowered, compassionate towards themselves, and confident in their decisions, moving towards a life that feels more aligned with who they truly are.
View
Photo of Carla Touma - Carla Care, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Carla Care
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
With a decade of experience in mental healthcare professional, and currently as a Registered Psychologist, I have honed my skills in Private Practice, and in public practice through the NDIS. Throughout these years, I've had the honor of working with individuals from a variety of backgrounds, each presenting distinct mental health challenges. My goal is to cultivate a nurturing and secure environment while offering compassionate and constructive guidance. Together, we strive to build a life rich with purpose and fulfilment, utilising therapeutic approaches grounded in evidence and aligned with my personal values.
With a decade of experience in mental healthcare professional, and currently as a Registered Psychologist, I have honed my skills in Private Practice, and in public practice through the NDIS. Throughout these years, I've had the honor of working with individuals from a variety of backgrounds, each presenting distinct mental health challenges. My goal is to cultivate a nurturing and secure environment while offering compassionate and constructive guidance. Together, we strive to build a life rich with purpose and fulfilment, utilising therapeutic approaches grounded in evidence and aligned with my personal values.
(02) 8105 6280 View (02) 8105 6280
Photo of Megan Tregilgas - The Authentic Counsellor , Counsellor, ACA-L2
The Authentic Counsellor
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Leonards, NSW 2065
Are you ready for change? Do you struggle with relationship patterns - codependency, people-pleasing, communication, boundary issues, and self-esteem challenges? Are you navigating life transitions whilst having emotional regulation difficulties. Your goals include healthier, better relationships, improved communication, stronger boundaries, increased self-awareness, and greater self-esteem. You would love to feel more connected and understood, break free from unhealthy patterns, and create fulfilling relationships. You are ready to invest in yourself for a more authentic life.
Are you ready for change? Do you struggle with relationship patterns - codependency, people-pleasing, communication, boundary issues, and self-esteem challenges? Are you navigating life transitions whilst having emotional regulation difficulties. Your goals include healthier, better relationships, improved communication, stronger boundaries, increased self-awareness, and greater self-esteem. You would love to feel more connected and understood, break free from unhealthy patterns, and create fulfilling relationships. You are ready to invest in yourself for a more authentic life.
0478 832 568 View 0478 832 568
Photo of Alyssa Sterry, Counsellor, PACFA
Alyssa Sterry
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Baulkham Hills, NSW 2153
Hi, I'm Alyssa a therapist with a strong desire to work with people dealing with trauma, grief and pain that others often do not understand. I enjoy sitting with people who have rarely had someone understand what they have gone through and I love integrating my own life experiences and clinical knowledge to able to reach people and support their healing process. I have supported people looking for recovery from many types of difficult life events all while providing an evidence based and trauma informed approach.
Hi, I'm Alyssa a therapist with a strong desire to work with people dealing with trauma, grief and pain that others often do not understand. I enjoy sitting with people who have rarely had someone understand what they have gone through and I love integrating my own life experiences and clinical knowledge to able to reach people and support their healing process. I have supported people looking for recovery from many types of difficult life events all while providing an evidence based and trauma informed approach.
(02) 8403 0915 View (02) 8403 0915
MinT Psychology & Behaviour
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults in meeting their developmental, behavioral and mental health goals.
I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults in meeting their developmental, behavioral and mental health goals.
(02) 8403 1611 View (02) 8403 1611
Photo of Nila Abbasyan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Nila Abbasyan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I can support clients navigating a wide range of mental health challenges, including Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Acute Stress Disorder, and Complex PTSD. Clients may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or uncertain about how to move forward in life.
I can support clients navigating a wide range of mental health challenges, including Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Acute Stress Disorder, and Complex PTSD. Clients may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or uncertain about how to move forward in life.
(02) 7804 4117 View (02) 7804 4117
Photo of Tiffany Valente - Valente Psychology , Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Valente Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
A relatable therapist who 'gets it'. I'm a Level 1 trained IFS practitioner and a trained EMDR therapist who thinks creatively about mental health. I fuse Eastern modalities such as mindfulness, meditation and yoga with modern therapy methods such as EMDR and Internal Family Systems (IFS) - to help you find your wisdom and a way forward.
A relatable therapist who 'gets it'. I'm a Level 1 trained IFS practitioner and a trained EMDR therapist who thinks creatively about mental health. I fuse Eastern modalities such as mindfulness, meditation and yoga with modern therapy methods such as EMDR and Internal Family Systems (IFS) - to help you find your wisdom and a way forward.
(03) 7003 2560 View (03) 7003 2560

See more therapy options for Mortdale

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Mortdale, NSW

< 10

Counsellors in Mortdale, NSW who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
86% Depression
86% Trauma and PTSD
86% Self Esteem
71% ADHD
71% Parenting
71% Self-Harming

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Medicare Rebates
80% NDIS
20% Other

How Counsellors in Mortdale, NSW see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Mortdale?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.