Counselling in Holroyd, NSW

Photo of Dana Mitrovic, Psychologist, MPsych, MACPA
Dana Mitrovic
Psychologist, MPsych, MACPA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
My ideal client is one who is experiencing difficulties in their life and seeking support in working through this. I work with clients from a large range of mental health presentations. I have a strong focus on the development of our adult selves through our early developmental experiences and working toward changing unhelpful patterns in your life to create a better present and future.
My ideal client is one who is experiencing difficulties in their life and seeking support in working through this. I work with clients from a large range of mental health presentations. I have a strong focus on the development of our adult selves through our early developmental experiences and working toward changing unhelpful patterns in your life to create a better present and future.
(02) 9630 0451 View (02) 9630 0451
Photo of Mickey Skidmore, Psychotherapist, AMHSW
Mickey Skidmore
Psychotherapist, AMHSW
Online Only
My primary clinical focus is on grief & loss, and associated issues of depression and anxiety. I provide services exclusively online (tele-health) to emphasise flexibility and scheduling convenience (eliminating travel and parking hassles) while ensuring increased privacy in the comfort in your own environment. My primary approach to therapy emphasises Solution Focused and Motivational Interviewing methods that are underscored and influenced by Ericksonian Approaches to hypnosis and psychotherapy. I also have a strong passion for providing clinical supervision and services to other professionals.
My primary clinical focus is on grief & loss, and associated issues of depression and anxiety. I provide services exclusively online (tele-health) to emphasise flexibility and scheduling convenience (eliminating travel and parking hassles) while ensuring increased privacy in the comfort in your own environment. My primary approach to therapy emphasises Solution Focused and Motivational Interviewing methods that are underscored and influenced by Ericksonian Approaches to hypnosis and psychotherapy. I also have a strong passion for providing clinical supervision and services to other professionals.
(02) 8294 2030 View (02) 8294 2030

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Kaoru Sato, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Kaoru Sato
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Double Bay, NSW 2028
A peaceful space to ‘breathe’… When life seems overwhelming and challenging, taking a moment to breathe in a comfortable, quiet space allows you to reflect, restore and rebuild. At Eastside, we strive to provide just such a ‘space to breathe’ and explore your issues together every step of the way. We will analyse the situation at your own pace and assist you to regain confidence by acquiring the necessary skills to overcome your difficulties. We address your current concerns with warm, mindful and evidence-based approaches in both English and Japanese. 日本語と英語で心理士・心理療法士による個人、カップルセッション。心理療法士として16年の経験を持つサイコロジストがエヴィデンスに基づいた心のケアを。。。
A peaceful space to ‘breathe’… When life seems overwhelming and challenging, taking a moment to breathe in a comfortable, quiet space allows you to reflect, restore and rebuild. At Eastside, we strive to provide just such a ‘space to breathe’ and explore your issues together every step of the way. We will analyse the situation at your own pace and assist you to regain confidence by acquiring the necessary skills to overcome your difficulties. We address your current concerns with warm, mindful and evidence-based approaches in both English and Japanese. 日本語と英語で心理士・心理療法士による個人、カップルセッション。心理療法士として16年の経験を持つサイコロジストがエヴィデンスに基づいた心のケアを。。。
0418 656 228 View 0418 656 228
Photo of Pat Wood-Collier, Counsellor, MA
Pat Wood-Collier
Counsellor, MA
Serves Area
I am flexible and able to work with both males and females. Age does not preclude me from seeing someone. I am accepting of anyone who is looking for someone to listen to and see them. Together we will discover and give them their voice. I worked in Samaritans and Lifeline for 20 years. I work with various addictions and traumas. I counsel the addict, or the family, and friends of the addict. Working with discovering purpose, trust and sobriety, I am able to hold the person in a safe space while dealing with trauma by using different counselling modalities suited to them.
I am flexible and able to work with both males and females. Age does not preclude me from seeing someone. I am accepting of anyone who is looking for someone to listen to and see them. Together we will discover and give them their voice. I worked in Samaritans and Lifeline for 20 years. I work with various addictions and traumas. I counsel the addict, or the family, and friends of the addict. Working with discovering purpose, trust and sobriety, I am able to hold the person in a safe space while dealing with trauma by using different counselling modalities suited to them.
(02) 5504 5434 View (02) 5504 5434
Photo of Olivia Mackay - Olivia Mackay Therapy, Counsellor
Olivia Mackay Therapy
Counsellor
Lewisham, NSW 2049
Waitlist for new clients
I specialise in psychodynamic psychotherapy, a therapeutic approach which involves collaborative work between the client and therapist. I create a safe, inclusive and neuro-affirming space where we can explore persistent issues or patterns of behaviour, including: Relationship difficulties Anger, anxiety and depression Childhood trauma and abuse Attachment issues and parenting Identity and self-concept Chronic illness Misophonia (‘sound rage’)
I specialise in psychodynamic psychotherapy, a therapeutic approach which involves collaborative work between the client and therapist. I create a safe, inclusive and neuro-affirming space where we can explore persistent issues or patterns of behaviour, including: Relationship difficulties Anger, anxiety and depression Childhood trauma and abuse Attachment issues and parenting Identity and self-concept Chronic illness Misophonia (‘sound rage’)
(02) 9100 0105 View (02) 9100 0105
Photo of Mary Capsanis, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Mary Capsanis
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Putney, NSW 2112
I'm a Clinical Psychologist who started my practice Introspect Clinical Psychology as I'm passionate about creating a supportive space for people to explore their challenges without judgement. I work with adults (18+), including individuals as well as working with couples. My areas of focus are supporting individuals to improve symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, as well as supporting those who want to recover from harmful coping behaviours. I have an interest in helping individuals work through the childhood origins of their current difficulties, as well as building coping mechanisms and outlets for their distress.
I'm a Clinical Psychologist who started my practice Introspect Clinical Psychology as I'm passionate about creating a supportive space for people to explore their challenges without judgement. I work with adults (18+), including individuals as well as working with couples. My areas of focus are supporting individuals to improve symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, as well as supporting those who want to recover from harmful coping behaviours. I have an interest in helping individuals work through the childhood origins of their current difficulties, as well as building coping mechanisms and outlets for their distress.
(02) 7804 4751 View (02) 7804 4751
Photo of Tiffany Valente - Brainspotting, EMDR, IFS ClinPsy- Tiffany Valente , Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Brainspotting, EMDR, IFS ClinPsy- Tiffany Valente
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Online Only
I’m a Clinical Psychologist offering online therapy for adults and teens ready to move beyond coping and start truly healing. I integrate EMDR, Brainspotting, Internal Family Systems (IFS), somatic therapy, ACT and DBT to help you process trauma, shift long-standing patterns, and reconnect with your inner strength. This is a space for deep, evidence-based work — grounded in compassion, clarity, and emotional safety. If you’re seeking meaningful, lasting change and want to feel more grounded, connected, and whole — I’d be honoured to support you.
I’m a Clinical Psychologist offering online therapy for adults and teens ready to move beyond coping and start truly healing. I integrate EMDR, Brainspotting, Internal Family Systems (IFS), somatic therapy, ACT and DBT to help you process trauma, shift long-standing patterns, and reconnect with your inner strength. This is a space for deep, evidence-based work — grounded in compassion, clarity, and emotional safety. If you’re seeking meaningful, lasting change and want to feel more grounded, connected, and whole — I’d be honoured to support you.
(03) 7003 2560 View (03) 7003 2560
Photo of Paul Thompson, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Paul Thompson
Psychologist, PsyBA General
2 Endorsed
Oran Park, NSW 2570
Paul Thompson is a registered psychologist with many years of experience in not-for-profit and private practice settings. He is also a husband and father of two children. His approach emphasises warmth and trust, and ensuring that the treatment approach is collaboratively developed and informed by feedback throughout.
Paul Thompson is a registered psychologist with many years of experience in not-for-profit and private practice settings. He is also a husband and father of two children. His approach emphasises warmth and trust, and ensuring that the treatment approach is collaboratively developed and informed by feedback throughout.
(02) 4210 5121 View (02) 4210 5121
Photo of Rachel Brebach, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Rachel Brebach
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I'm a Clinical Psychologist providing psychological therapy to individuals aged around 16 and above, practicing in Surry Hills, Sydney (Close to Central Station) for in person sessions as well as Telehealth. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder / OCD treatment is a focus in my clinic. I also have years of experience in treating people with relationship/interpersonal and life transition related difficulties, health concerns, self-doubt, overthinking, depression and anxiety. I work collaboratively to assist people in developing skills to find resilience and approach life feeling more capable, self compassionate and connected.
I'm a Clinical Psychologist providing psychological therapy to individuals aged around 16 and above, practicing in Surry Hills, Sydney (Close to Central Station) for in person sessions as well as Telehealth. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder / OCD treatment is a focus in my clinic. I also have years of experience in treating people with relationship/interpersonal and life transition related difficulties, health concerns, self-doubt, overthinking, depression and anxiety. I work collaboratively to assist people in developing skills to find resilience and approach life feeling more capable, self compassionate and connected.
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Photo of Vincent Fimmano, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Vincent Fimmano
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Online Only
Meet Vincent, a highly experienced and compassionate registered psychologist with over 25 years of clinical experience. Vincent believes in the importance of truly listening and understanding his clients to provide them with the best possible support. He uses his vast experience to engage, collaborate, and adapt treatments to make a real and long-lasting change in his clients' lives. Vincent's approach is person-centred, warm, empathetic, and culturally responsive, which makes him an excellent choice for clients from diverse cultural backgrounds.
Meet Vincent, a highly experienced and compassionate registered psychologist with over 25 years of clinical experience. Vincent believes in the importance of truly listening and understanding his clients to provide them with the best possible support. He uses his vast experience to engage, collaborate, and adapt treatments to make a real and long-lasting change in his clients' lives. Vincent's approach is person-centred, warm, empathetic, and culturally responsive, which makes him an excellent choice for clients from diverse cultural backgrounds.
(02) 9100 0515 View (02) 9100 0515
Photo of Emma Jackson, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Emma Jackson
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 10 years experience. I offer a warm and compassionate stance with my clients. I understand it can be challenging opening up about the harder parts of life, so I create a safe and supportive space for you to do so. We will work together at your pace and I will guide you towards a more rich and meaningful life where your struggles can have less of an impact on you.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 10 years experience. I offer a warm and compassionate stance with my clients. I understand it can be challenging opening up about the harder parts of life, so I create a safe and supportive space for you to do so. We will work together at your pace and I will guide you towards a more rich and meaningful life where your struggles can have less of an impact on you.
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Photo of Duda Baldwin, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Duda Baldwin
Counsellor, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Saint Leonards, NSW 2065
Do you feel exhausted from arguments with your partner? Do you feel misunderstood and criticised for who you are? Or you're avoiding each other, feeling like resentful strangers? Maybe one of you had an affair or lied and you're unsure how to trust again? These are common issues couples experience when they seek out sessions with me. I also help couples with issues with in-laws, parenting, stepfamilies stresses and accompanied feelings of isolations, bringing relevant lived experience where needed. I also work with couples navigating separation, co-parenting and those needing to find clarity if they want to stay or leave.
Do you feel exhausted from arguments with your partner? Do you feel misunderstood and criticised for who you are? Or you're avoiding each other, feeling like resentful strangers? Maybe one of you had an affair or lied and you're unsure how to trust again? These are common issues couples experience when they seek out sessions with me. I also help couples with issues with in-laws, parenting, stepfamilies stresses and accompanied feelings of isolations, bringing relevant lived experience where needed. I also work with couples navigating separation, co-parenting and those needing to find clarity if they want to stay or leave.
(02) 8000 1169 View (02) 8000 1169
Photo of Poppy Rourke, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Poppy Rourke
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Burwood, NSW 2134
Poppy is a registered psychologist with experience working with adults in non-government, public health, and private settings. Poppy has worked with individuals seeking therapy for a variety of reasons including depression and anxiety disorders, adjustment and stress, personality vulnerabilities and more serious mental health issues.
Poppy is a registered psychologist with experience working with adults in non-government, public health, and private settings. Poppy has worked with individuals seeking therapy for a variety of reasons including depression and anxiety disorders, adjustment and stress, personality vulnerabilities and more serious mental health issues.
(02) 8000 0857 View (02) 8000 0857
Photo of Dr Sharon Gold, Psychologist, PhD, MAPS
Dr Sharon Gold
Psychologist, PhD, MAPS
Woollahra, NSW 2025
I work with individuals, first responders and couples with the help of my Animal Assistant Therapy dog, Max. We would love to help you live better in your life. Are you tired of feeling misunderstood and having conflict? Are you depressed, anxious and stressed by trauma and/or substance issues? Possibly drinking a bit too much? Or perhaps you are not sleeping because of nightmares or overthinking? Or you've been in therapy for long standing issues (eg childhood trauma) and progress is still not being made? Perhaps you have recently suffered a loss or going through a major life transition or chronic illness?
I work with individuals, first responders and couples with the help of my Animal Assistant Therapy dog, Max. We would love to help you live better in your life. Are you tired of feeling misunderstood and having conflict? Are you depressed, anxious and stressed by trauma and/or substance issues? Possibly drinking a bit too much? Or perhaps you are not sleeping because of nightmares or overthinking? Or you've been in therapy for long standing issues (eg childhood trauma) and progress is still not being made? Perhaps you have recently suffered a loss or going through a major life transition or chronic illness?
(02) 4062 8754 View (02) 4062 8754
Photo of Paige Linegar, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Paige Linegar
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Manly, NSW 2095
For self-esteem, confidence, relationship health and health and wellness. I have worked for over 8 years with clients of all ages and I do not believe in any one size fits all approach. Together we can help to motivate you on your best path, with clarity and direction, I have worked as both a nutritionist and yoga instructor and believe in mental fortitude, kind words and self empowerment. Appointments can be walk and talk (phone) and online.
For self-esteem, confidence, relationship health and health and wellness. I have worked for over 8 years with clients of all ages and I do not believe in any one size fits all approach. Together we can help to motivate you on your best path, with clarity and direction, I have worked as both a nutritionist and yoga instructor and believe in mental fortitude, kind words and self empowerment. Appointments can be walk and talk (phone) and online.
(02) 9100 0691 View (02) 9100 0691
Photo of Jo Knight - Jo Knight Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Jo Knight Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Maroubra, NSW 2035
I provide a range of assessment services, including Autism, behaviour assessment (including ADHD), as well as intellectual and academic testing. My clients include; young people who are experiencing difficulties in the classroom, including learning difficulties, difficulty with sustaining attention or trouble interacting with peers; Young people who exhibit behaviours such as defiance, aggression, impulsivity, and who struggle with emotional regulation: Adults who want to understand themselves in a deeper way to build more effective coping strategies.
I provide a range of assessment services, including Autism, behaviour assessment (including ADHD), as well as intellectual and academic testing. My clients include; young people who are experiencing difficulties in the classroom, including learning difficulties, difficulty with sustaining attention or trouble interacting with peers; Young people who exhibit behaviours such as defiance, aggression, impulsivity, and who struggle with emotional regulation: Adults who want to understand themselves in a deeper way to build more effective coping strategies.
(02) 7201 5017 View (02) 7201 5017
Photo of Kristy Helen Wild - Kristy Wild - Small Steps Counselling, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Kristy Wild - Small Steps Counselling
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
At Small Steps Counselling, I help clients not just explore and talk about their trauma experiences but actively shift them. Our work together is about helping you to move beyond survival mode and start living at ease - with a sense of confidence, self-compassion and resilience. If you feel you've processed your trauma experience, but you’re still stuck in survival mode — living with constant anxiety, low mood, tension, deep exhaustion or a lingering sadness you can’t quite explain — you’re not alone! Trauma doesn’t just live in our mind; it lives within our nervous system. That's why talk-therapy alone often isn't enough.
At Small Steps Counselling, I help clients not just explore and talk about their trauma experiences but actively shift them. Our work together is about helping you to move beyond survival mode and start living at ease - with a sense of confidence, self-compassion and resilience. If you feel you've processed your trauma experience, but you’re still stuck in survival mode — living with constant anxiety, low mood, tension, deep exhaustion or a lingering sadness you can’t quite explain — you’re not alone! Trauma doesn’t just live in our mind; it lives within our nervous system. That's why talk-therapy alone often isn't enough.
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Photo of Anne-Marie Taylor - Anne-Marie Taylor - Seen Felt Heard Counselling, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
Confidential, judgment-free counselling that helps you feel truly seen, heard, and understood. Neuroscience shows that being acknowledged activates brain pathways, promoting emotional healing, personal growth, and a deeper sense of self. As an experienced therapist, my goal is to create a compassionate space where you can explore your emotions, thoughts, and behaviours, gaining greater self-awareness and clarity on how you connect with the world around you. Together, we’ll address the root causes of anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, and emotional struggles, fostering self-awareness and lasting personal growth.
Confidential, judgment-free counselling that helps you feel truly seen, heard, and understood. Neuroscience shows that being acknowledged activates brain pathways, promoting emotional healing, personal growth, and a deeper sense of self. As an experienced therapist, my goal is to create a compassionate space where you can explore your emotions, thoughts, and behaviours, gaining greater self-awareness and clarity on how you connect with the world around you. Together, we’ll address the root causes of anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, and emotional struggles, fostering self-awareness and lasting personal growth.
(02) 9100 0780 View (02) 9100 0780
Photo of Milan Ljubincic - Adelaide Psychology, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Adelaide Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
A private psychology practice of principal psychologist and bestselling author, Milan Ljubincic. Our practice is well-suited for clients seeking deeper exploration of their mental health challenges including complex trauma, relationship issues, depression, anxiety, and workplace stress.
A private psychology practice of principal psychologist and bestselling author, Milan Ljubincic. Our practice is well-suited for clients seeking deeper exploration of their mental health challenges including complex trauma, relationship issues, depression, anxiety, and workplace stress.
(08) 7008 7197 View (08) 7008 7197
Photo of Natasha Lawrence, Counsellor, PACFA
Natasha Lawrence
Counsellor, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Glebe, NSW 2037
Each person's experience is unique. You might be struggling with past hurts, experiencing challenging thoughts, have feelings of self-sabotage or that no matter what you do, you end up in the same relationships and repeating the same patterns. The answers lie within you and I can help you uncover them. I bring non-judgemental acceptance, belief in your resilience, and compassion to the journey that we embark on together. I will support you to find the patterns and behaviours in your life that no longer serve you.
Each person's experience is unique. You might be struggling with past hurts, experiencing challenging thoughts, have feelings of self-sabotage or that no matter what you do, you end up in the same relationships and repeating the same patterns. The answers lie within you and I can help you uncover them. I bring non-judgemental acceptance, belief in your resilience, and compassion to the journey that we embark on together. I will support you to find the patterns and behaviours in your life that no longer serve you.
(02) 8000 1496 View (02) 8000 1496

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Holroyd, NSW

< 10

Counsellors in Holroyd, NSW who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Bereavement
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Divorce
100% Borderline Personality (BPD)

Average years in practice

27 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
100% Medicare Rebates
50% Other

How Counsellors in Holroyd, NSW see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Holroyd?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.