Psychologists and Therapists in Charlestown, NSW

Freya Powe
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Charlestown, NSW 2290
I am a Clinical Psychologist who works across a broad range of issues including ADHD, ASD, anxiety, depression, OCD, BPD, relationship and parenting challenges, substance use and school related issues. I have a warm and easy going therapeutic style and I am passionate about supporting the mental health and improving the lives of the clients I work with. I like to empower the strength, resilience and wisdom embedded in all of us to help clients facilitate change in their own lives in areas that are most important to them.
I am a Clinical Psychologist who works across a broad range of issues including ADHD, ASD, anxiety, depression, OCD, BPD, relationship and parenting challenges, substance use and school related issues. I have a warm and easy going therapeutic style and I am passionate about supporting the mental health and improving the lives of the clients I work with. I like to empower the strength, resilience and wisdom embedded in all of us to help clients facilitate change in their own lives in areas that are most important to them.
(02) 4082 6889 View (02) 4082 6889
Marnie Britton - Tundra Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Charlestown, NSW 2290
Tundra Psychology welcomes people aged 16 and over from all backgrounds, identities and neurotypes. You might be feeling overwhelmed, stuck or burnt out; navigating anxiety, low mood, trauma, change; or wanting to understand yourself more clearly. You may be exploring whether Autism or ADHD helps make sense of your experiences, or seeking gender-affirming care. Our work is shaped through collaboration, respect and shared understanding, with care adapted to you—not the other way around.
Tundra Psychology welcomes people aged 16 and over from all backgrounds, identities and neurotypes. You might be feeling overwhelmed, stuck or burnt out; navigating anxiety, low mood, trauma, change; or wanting to understand yourself more clearly. You may be exploring whether Autism or ADHD helps make sense of your experiences, or seeking gender-affirming care. Our work is shaped through collaboration, respect and shared understanding, with care adapted to you—not the other way around.
(02) 4075 7690 View (02) 4075 7690
Kara Elizabeth Thomson
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Charlestown, NSW 2290
I offer a safe, respectful environment where clients feel heard and understood. My clinical work focuses on trauma, anxiety, mood disorders, and personal growth, while my forensic practice brings deep experience in risk assessment, complex case formulation, and intervention for individuals involved in the justice system.
I offer a safe, respectful environment where clients feel heard and understood. My clinical work focuses on trauma, anxiety, mood disorders, and personal growth, while my forensic practice brings deep experience in risk assessment, complex case formulation, and intervention for individuals involved in the justice system.
(02) 4005 0420 View (02) 4005 0420
Sand Waves Counselling
Social Worker, AASW
1 Endorsed
Charlestown, NSW 2290
My clients are children, adolescents, adults, couples and carers who may be finding it difficult to put their experiences into words. They maybe navigating the impacts of trauma, attachment disruptions, grief, anxiety, depression, significant life transitions or other adversity. Clients often come to me when something no longer feels manageable or when usual coping strategies are no longer working. I provide a safe, attuned, and non-judgmental therapeutic space where clients can explore their inner experiences and situated contexts. I work collaboratively to ensure change is sustainable and meaningful beyond the therapy room.
My clients are children, adolescents, adults, couples and carers who may be finding it difficult to put their experiences into words. They maybe navigating the impacts of trauma, attachment disruptions, grief, anxiety, depression, significant life transitions or other adversity. Clients often come to me when something no longer feels manageable or when usual coping strategies are no longer working. I provide a safe, attuned, and non-judgmental therapeutic space where clients can explore their inner experiences and situated contexts. I work collaboratively to ensure change is sustainable and meaningful beyond the therapy room.
(02) 4071 8072 View (02) 4071 8072
Cody Schmitt
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Online Only
Hey there! I am a clinical psychology registrar and registered psychologist. I specialise in OCD, Panic, Social Anxiety, Phobias, Generalised Anxiety, PTSD, trauma-related challenges, and much more. My style is warm, calm, non-judgemental, and easy to talk to - with a bit of humour when it helps. If its something you're interested in, I am also trained to assess and diagnose individuals of all ages with suspected ADHD, Autism, learning disabilities (dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia), and concerns about cognitive or functional capacity.
Hey there! I am a clinical psychology registrar and registered psychologist. I specialise in OCD, Panic, Social Anxiety, Phobias, Generalised Anxiety, PTSD, trauma-related challenges, and much more. My style is warm, calm, non-judgemental, and easy to talk to - with a bit of humour when it helps. If its something you're interested in, I am also trained to assess and diagnose individuals of all ages with suspected ADHD, Autism, learning disabilities (dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia), and concerns about cognitive or functional capacity.
(02) 4077 2274 View (02) 4077 2274
Sarah James
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Charlestown, NSW 2290
Sarah James is an empathetic and compassionate Psychologist who is committed to supporting individuals build upon their strengths through adversity. She places the utmost importance on developing a warm and inviting therapeutic relationship to create significant change. Sarah works collaboratively with her clients, tailoring therapy to meet the client’s needs. Private practice has always been her passion, with particular interest in helping people to overcome their traumas, anxieties and relationship difficulties. It’s in this space that Sarah can draw on her experience in other areas to best support her clients.
Sarah James is an empathetic and compassionate Psychologist who is committed to supporting individuals build upon their strengths through adversity. She places the utmost importance on developing a warm and inviting therapeutic relationship to create significant change. Sarah works collaboratively with her clients, tailoring therapy to meet the client’s needs. Private practice has always been her passion, with particular interest in helping people to overcome their traumas, anxieties and relationship difficulties. It’s in this space that Sarah can draw on her experience in other areas to best support her clients.
(02) 4077 0825 View (02) 4077 0825
Jen Elhindi
Social Worker, AMHSW
Charlestown, NSW 2290
I work with adolescents, young adults and adults experiencing anxiety, low mood, emotional overwhelm, trauma, or the impact of difficult life experiences. You might be feeling stuck, struggling to understand your reactions, or finding that the ways you’ve coped in the past are no longer helping. You may be looking to better understand yourself, navigate difficult experiences, or make meaningful changes. Therapy is collaborative and tailored to you, helping you develop insight and practical skills. I’m based in Newcastle, with telehealth available to clients in Tamworth and across NSW.
I work with adolescents, young adults and adults experiencing anxiety, low mood, emotional overwhelm, trauma, or the impact of difficult life experiences. You might be feeling stuck, struggling to understand your reactions, or finding that the ways you’ve coped in the past are no longer helping. You may be looking to better understand yourself, navigate difficult experiences, or make meaningful changes. Therapy is collaborative and tailored to you, helping you develop insight and practical skills. I’m based in Newcastle, with telehealth available to clients in Tamworth and across NSW.
(02) 4082 6077 View (02) 4082 6077
Natasha Kiemel-Incorvaia
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Online Only
With over 10 years' experience as a psychologist, I combine trauma‑focused (e.g. EMDR), body‑based (e.g. somatic) and cognitive therapies to support clients holistically, including work with the vagus nerve and gut‑brain connection. I can support you with anxiety, stress, depression, PTSD, ADHD, tic disorders, relationships, perinatal and post‑partum challenges, career, motivation, confidence and more. My service is telehealth only (via video or phone), streamlined to fit around your busy schedule and accessible Australia-wide for teens (15+) and adults. Appointments available during standard hours with GP referral optional
With over 10 years' experience as a psychologist, I combine trauma‑focused (e.g. EMDR), body‑based (e.g. somatic) and cognitive therapies to support clients holistically, including work with the vagus nerve and gut‑brain connection. I can support you with anxiety, stress, depression, PTSD, ADHD, tic disorders, relationships, perinatal and post‑partum challenges, career, motivation, confidence and more. My service is telehealth only (via video or phone), streamlined to fit around your busy schedule and accessible Australia-wide for teens (15+) and adults. Appointments available during standard hours with GP referral optional
(02) 9100 0843 View (02) 9100 0843
Eliza Newton
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Charlestown, NSW 2290
Many of the people I work with are dealing with the impacts of childhood experiences - things like sexual abuse, emotional neglect, or simply not getting the kind of support they needed early on. These early dynamics can leave a lasting mark, even if life looks fine from the outside. But therapy doesn’t need to start with a clear story. Some people come in just knowing something isn’t quite right. My approach tends to suit people who’ve found short-term strategies helpful but limited, or who’ve had trouble feeling connected in past therapies. We go at your pace, and take the time needed to get to the heart of things.
Many of the people I work with are dealing with the impacts of childhood experiences - things like sexual abuse, emotional neglect, or simply not getting the kind of support they needed early on. These early dynamics can leave a lasting mark, even if life looks fine from the outside. But therapy doesn’t need to start with a clear story. Some people come in just knowing something isn’t quite right. My approach tends to suit people who’ve found short-term strategies helpful but limited, or who’ve had trouble feeling connected in past therapies. We go at your pace, and take the time needed to get to the heart of things.
(02) 4075 9669 View (02) 4075 9669
Inner Balance Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, FAPS
Charlestown, NSW 2290
Hi. I'm Kylie Di Battista, a Counselling and Clinical Psychologist with over two decades of experience. I provide counselling for a range of difficulties including anxiety, depression and panic attacks, grief & loss, and relationship problems. Counselling may also address the issues underlying a current challenge such as intergenerational family problems, a low sense of self-esteem or unresolved trauma. Often clients present during times of life transition, such as new parenthood or relationship breakdown, which can be portals to enormous transformation. If you'd like authentic and professional support please reach out.
Hi. I'm Kylie Di Battista, a Counselling and Clinical Psychologist with over two decades of experience. I provide counselling for a range of difficulties including anxiety, depression and panic attacks, grief & loss, and relationship problems. Counselling may also address the issues underlying a current challenge such as intergenerational family problems, a low sense of self-esteem or unresolved trauma. Often clients present during times of life transition, such as new parenthood or relationship breakdown, which can be portals to enormous transformation. If you'd like authentic and professional support please reach out.
(02) 4058 2927 View (02) 4058 2927
Sam Lumley
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Charlestown, NSW 2290
I am currently supporting Children, Young People, Adults, Families, and Parents at Ramsay Psychology (Charlestown; In person) and Banksia Clinical Psychology (Online/Telehealth only). I am passionate about support individual with ADHD, Autism, all learning differences and school challenges, understanding and supporting Neurodivergence, and diverse parenting support and evidence-based strategies.
I am currently supporting Children, Young People, Adults, Families, and Parents at Ramsay Psychology (Charlestown; In person) and Banksia Clinical Psychology (Online/Telehealth only). I am passionate about support individual with ADHD, Autism, all learning differences and school challenges, understanding and supporting Neurodivergence, and diverse parenting support and evidence-based strategies.
(02) 4011 6089 View (02) 4011 6089
Mindful Meadows Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Online Only
I understand that seeking help can be a brave step. I am dedicated to providing personalised care tailored to your unique needs. I utilise evidence-based practices to help you overcome obstacles and achieve your goals. Through therapy, I aim to empower you with tools and strategies to navigate life's challenges effectively. Individual therapy sessions are designed to provide a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
I understand that seeking help can be a brave step. I am dedicated to providing personalised care tailored to your unique needs. I utilise evidence-based practices to help you overcome obstacles and achieve your goals. Through therapy, I aim to empower you with tools and strategies to navigate life's challenges effectively. Individual therapy sessions are designed to provide a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
(02) 4071 2722 View (02) 4071 2722
The CBT Clinic (Alexander Cameron)
Psychologist, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a Psychologist in my thirteenth year of clinical practice in Newcastle, NSW. I have undertaken advanced training in Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) - the originating form of CBT - and met the international training standards set by The Albert Ellis Institute in New York City - where CBT was pioneered. I have been approved by the AEI as a RE-CBT Therapist, Supervisor, and Trainer. I am a Supervisor/Trainer with the Australian Institute of REBT (AIREBT). I am also an Associate Fellow of the Albert Ellis Institute and Associate Member of the International Association for REBT; and am a Board-Approved Supervisor.
I am a Psychologist in my thirteenth year of clinical practice in Newcastle, NSW. I have undertaken advanced training in Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) - the originating form of CBT - and met the international training standards set by The Albert Ellis Institute in New York City - where CBT was pioneered. I have been approved by the AEI as a RE-CBT Therapist, Supervisor, and Trainer. I am a Supervisor/Trainer with the Australian Institute of REBT (AIREBT). I am also an Associate Fellow of the Albert Ellis Institute and Associate Member of the International Association for REBT; and am a Board-Approved Supervisor.
(02) 4012 6262 View (02) 4012 6262
Amanda Rodd
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Amanda is a warm and caring psychologist who enjoys working collaboratively with her clients. She focuses on creating a secure and friendly environment where individuals can feel safe and empowered to cope with life challenges. Amanda has qualifications in both Education and Psychology. She has extensive experience in educational and psychological assessments and interventions for children and adolescents. She has expertise in the diagnosis of Autism, learning disorders, ADHD, intellectual disabilities, and a range of mental health presentations including anxiety and depression. Interventions are tailored to the individual's needs.
Amanda is a warm and caring psychologist who enjoys working collaboratively with her clients. She focuses on creating a secure and friendly environment where individuals can feel safe and empowered to cope with life challenges. Amanda has qualifications in both Education and Psychology. She has extensive experience in educational and psychological assessments and interventions for children and adolescents. She has expertise in the diagnosis of Autism, learning disorders, ADHD, intellectual disabilities, and a range of mental health presentations including anxiety and depression. Interventions are tailored to the individual's needs.
(02) 4082 8723 View (02) 4082 8723
Gemma Keating
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
Gemma offers client-centered, compassionate and ethical counselling to individuals, couples and families in person and via telehealth. Gemma has a strong interest in couple and family therapy, recognising the importance of relationships in healing from adversity. Gemma is an Accredited Social Worker with over 18years experience, drawing on her experience and knowledge of working with people who endure grief & loss, trauma & developmental challenges, family and relationship difficulties and mental health concerns - supporting clients across the lifecycle. Gemma holds a strong passion for human rights & social justice.
Gemma offers client-centered, compassionate and ethical counselling to individuals, couples and families in person and via telehealth. Gemma has a strong interest in couple and family therapy, recognising the importance of relationships in healing from adversity. Gemma is an Accredited Social Worker with over 18years experience, drawing on her experience and knowledge of working with people who endure grief & loss, trauma & developmental challenges, family and relationship difficulties and mental health concerns - supporting clients across the lifecycle. Gemma holds a strong passion for human rights & social justice.
(02) 4075 9531 View (02) 4075 9531
Chris Butler
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
Every person's journey is unique, and I like to understand the background and goals of the people I support to ensure together we create a personalised therapy plan tailored to them. I work with adults, and adolescents and I have a strong interest in supporting people navigating anxiety, grief and loss, PTSD, developmental trauma, CTPSD and the myriad of life's challenges. My approach is twofold: I believe in equipping you with immediate tools to cope with present concerns, while also delving into the roots of these issues – be it past events, deep-seated beliefs, or coping mechanisms – to pave the way for a brighter future.
Every person's journey is unique, and I like to understand the background and goals of the people I support to ensure together we create a personalised therapy plan tailored to them. I work with adults, and adolescents and I have a strong interest in supporting people navigating anxiety, grief and loss, PTSD, developmental trauma, CTPSD and the myriad of life's challenges. My approach is twofold: I believe in equipping you with immediate tools to cope with present concerns, while also delving into the roots of these issues – be it past events, deep-seated beliefs, or coping mechanisms – to pave the way for a brighter future.
(02) 4071 4541 View (02) 4071 4541
Grace York
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Grace is a friendly and approachable psychologist, she is passionate about helping people better understand themselves to navigate life's challenges and joys. Grace loves to work with individuals from all walks of life and values working on the root cause of challenges whenever possible, rather than focusing solely on symptom management. Grace believes in flexibly tailoring therapy to individual needs and has experience with working with trauma, disability, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, neurodiversity, adjustment difficulties, attachment difficulties, family dynamics, stress, social difficulties, and emotional difficulties.
Grace is a friendly and approachable psychologist, she is passionate about helping people better understand themselves to navigate life's challenges and joys. Grace loves to work with individuals from all walks of life and values working on the root cause of challenges whenever possible, rather than focusing solely on symptom management. Grace believes in flexibly tailoring therapy to individual needs and has experience with working with trauma, disability, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, neurodiversity, adjustment difficulties, attachment difficulties, family dynamics, stress, social difficulties, and emotional difficulties.
(02) 4075 9112 View (02) 4075 9112
Martin Leon Wieczorek
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
Martin Wieczorek is a registered Clinical Psychologist and founder of The Jarrah Tree Practice. He will take the time to understand you, your story, and your context, tailoring his evidence-based approach to your unique situation. His focus is on providing the most efficient and effective care possible while creating a genuine and caring therapeutic relationship. He has a special interest in the treatment of recurrent mood and anxiety issues drawing heavily upon evidence-based techniques grounded in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Schema Therapy. Martin takes a holistic, person-centered approach.
Martin Wieczorek is a registered Clinical Psychologist and founder of The Jarrah Tree Practice. He will take the time to understand you, your story, and your context, tailoring his evidence-based approach to your unique situation. His focus is on providing the most efficient and effective care possible while creating a genuine and caring therapeutic relationship. He has a special interest in the treatment of recurrent mood and anxiety issues drawing heavily upon evidence-based techniques grounded in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Schema Therapy. Martin takes a holistic, person-centered approach.
(02) 4012 0801 View (02) 4012 0801
The Couples' Therapy Room
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L1
Serves Area
Welcome! I’m Aicha, a French couple counsellor with a passion for guiding individuals through the challenging terrain of their relationships. Whether you're experiencing communication breakdowns, constant conflict, trust issues, intimacy challenges, infidelity, or navigating major life transitions such as parenthood or career changes, I'm dedicated to providing you with the tools and support you need to rebuild and strengthen your relationship. I also offer support to couples dealing with mental health concerns such as anxiety or ADHD, helping you navigate these complexities with empathy and practical strategies.
Welcome! I’m Aicha, a French couple counsellor with a passion for guiding individuals through the challenging terrain of their relationships. Whether you're experiencing communication breakdowns, constant conflict, trust issues, intimacy challenges, infidelity, or navigating major life transitions such as parenthood or career changes, I'm dedicated to providing you with the tools and support you need to rebuild and strengthen your relationship. I also offer support to couples dealing with mental health concerns such as anxiety or ADHD, helping you navigate these complexities with empathy and practical strategies.
(02) 4082 6778 View (02) 4082 6778
Zachary Herron
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I offer a calm and grounded space for people navigating complexity; both around them and within. Many of the people I work with carry a lot, often quietly. They’re high-functioning, thoughtful, and deeply attuned to the needs of others but can feel unseen, overwhelmed, or stuck in patterns that no longer serve them.
I offer a calm and grounded space for people navigating complexity; both around them and within. Many of the people I work with carry a lot, often quietly. They’re high-functioning, thoughtful, and deeply attuned to the needs of others but can feel unseen, overwhelmed, or stuck in patterns that no longer serve them.
(02) 4011 8418 View (02) 4011 8418

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Psychologists and Therapists in Charlestown, NSW

50+

Average cost per session

$215

Psychologists and Therapists in Charlestown, NSW who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
81% Depression
74% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
62% Relationship Issues
60% Neurodivergence

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Medicare Rebates
57% NDIS
39% Bupa

How Psychologists and Therapists in Charlestown, NSW see their clients

89% In Person and Online
11% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
24% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Charlestown?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.