Internal Family Systems (IFS) Counselling in Carrington, NSW
I specialise in Attachment Informed EMDR Therapy and IFS / parts work.
With over 30 years experience, I work with Individuals and Couples to help support real and lasting change. I use a combination of EMDR, Parts and Attachment informed therapy. I include Gottman for Couples. This can to help change underlying beliefs that form negative patterns. I specialise in Intensive Therapy. I use longer sessions over a shorter period. My extensive experience and skill base alongside my care and compassion can help you get to the bottom of what is going on and to process this, leading to change. Much more than just talking about issues we process them allowing real change to be possible.
I specialise in Attachment Informed EMDR Therapy and IFS / parts work.
With over 30 years experience, I work with Individuals and Couples to help support real and lasting change. I use a combination of EMDR, Parts and Attachment informed therapy. I include Gottman for Couples. This can to help change underlying beliefs that form negative patterns. I specialise in Intensive Therapy. I use longer sessions over a shorter period. My extensive experience and skill base alongside my care and compassion can help you get to the bottom of what is going on and to process this, leading to change. Much more than just talking about issues we process them allowing real change to be possible.
Hello, I'm Dylan. I’m a Coaching and Clinical Psychologist, and I support clients to connect with their meaning, purpose, and values, while managing current challenges. I work with a diverse array of adult and adolescent clients, including high performers in the creative industries, sports and workplace leadership, as well as those experiencing challenges such as ADHD, anxiety, burnout, life transitions, panic attacks, and ASD.
Hello, I'm Dylan. I’m a Coaching and Clinical Psychologist, and I support clients to connect with their meaning, purpose, and values, while managing current challenges. I work with a diverse array of adult and adolescent clients, including high performers in the creative industries, sports and workplace leadership, as well as those experiencing challenges such as ADHD, anxiety, burnout, life transitions, panic attacks, and ASD.
More Therapists Nearby
Bonnie Beazley-Somatic Experiencing & IFS Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I am trained in Somatic Experiencing, IFS Level 2, EMDR and am Certified in Brainspotting.
I have extensive experience in providing counselling and psychotherapy for people with a broad range of emotional health challenges. I have started to work with trauma, PTSD and cross-cultural mental health since 2007. I work as a senior counsellor in a health community organisation while offering therapies in my private practice. My approach is strength-based, person-centred and trauma-informed. I embrace all forms of diversity. I take a holistic, integrative and embodied approach, attending to the connection of mind, body and Spirit. I integrate the various therapeutic modalities to meet the needs and nature of clients
I am trained in Somatic Experiencing, IFS Level 2, EMDR and am Certified in Brainspotting.
I have extensive experience in providing counselling and psychotherapy for people with a broad range of emotional health challenges. I have started to work with trauma, PTSD and cross-cultural mental health since 2007. I work as a senior counsellor in a health community organisation while offering therapies in my private practice. My approach is strength-based, person-centred and trauma-informed. I embrace all forms of diversity. I take a holistic, integrative and embodied approach, attending to the connection of mind, body and Spirit. I integrate the various therapeutic modalities to meet the needs and nature of clients
Using a holistic approach with EMDR, IFS, and other powerful modalities, I help my clients to move forward toward healing, connection, and growth.
I specialise in trauma, PTSD, ADHD, and relationship issues, offering a holistic approach that integrates EMDR, IFS, hypnotherapy, and the Gottman Method. I provide EMDR Intensives for both individuals and couples, a powerful and time-efficient way to heal deeply. My goal is to create a safe, supportive space for clients to explore, heal, and transform.
Using a holistic approach with EMDR, IFS, and other powerful modalities, I help my clients to move forward toward healing, connection, and growth.
I specialise in trauma, PTSD, ADHD, and relationship issues, offering a holistic approach that integrates EMDR, IFS, hypnotherapy, and the Gottman Method. I provide EMDR Intensives for both individuals and couples, a powerful and time-efficient way to heal deeply. My goal is to create a safe, supportive space for clients to explore, heal, and transform.
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and Internal Family Systems Therapy ( IFS) therapy can help you to process this distress, while increasing your self-compassion and curiosity.
Creating a therapeutic space that feels warm, caring and compassionate is my primary focus. People come to therapy with a desire to feel better, typically at times of change and transition, when they may feel stuck, unmotivated or unfulfilled in their lives. This is a hard place to be, so finding a Psychologist who understands you is important. I help adults experiencing challenges including anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD and grief to find clarity. Together, we can process your distressing experiences while creating an internal sense of security and confidence, so you can lead the life you want to live.
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and Internal Family Systems Therapy ( IFS) therapy can help you to process this distress, while increasing your self-compassion and curiosity.
Creating a therapeutic space that feels warm, caring and compassionate is my primary focus. People come to therapy with a desire to feel better, typically at times of change and transition, when they may feel stuck, unmotivated or unfulfilled in their lives. This is a hard place to be, so finding a Psychologist who understands you is important. I help adults experiencing challenges including anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD and grief to find clarity. Together, we can process your distressing experiences while creating an internal sense of security and confidence, so you can lead the life you want to live.
I draw upon and integrate multiple styles of psychotherapy including: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), Internal Family Systems ( IFS), Schema Therapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT).
Jay is an affirming, understanding, and experienced clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy, assessments and reports, and clinical supervision. He aims to empower individuals such that they can manage problems in their lives independently and effectively. Jay is an integrative practitioner who draws on multiple evidence-based therapy approaches and tailors these to each person’s unique clinical needs. Jay Richards Psychology provides psychotherapy for adults only and currently accepts private, Medicare, NDIS, and WorkCover clients.
I draw upon and integrate multiple styles of psychotherapy including: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), Internal Family Systems ( IFS), Schema Therapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT).
Jay is an affirming, understanding, and experienced clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy, assessments and reports, and clinical supervision. He aims to empower individuals such that they can manage problems in their lives independently and effectively. Jay is an integrative practitioner who draws on multiple evidence-based therapy approaches and tailors these to each person’s unique clinical needs. Jay Richards Psychology provides psychotherapy for adults only and currently accepts private, Medicare, NDIS, and WorkCover clients.
My therapeutic approach integrates elements of CBT, ACT, DBT and IFS, tailored to meet each individual's unique needs and goals.
I'm a Clinical Psychology Registrar committed to supporting individuals on their personal journey to healing and personal growth. My passion lies in helping those who have experienced traumatic events to regain a sense of safety and well-being as they move towards recovery. I work with clients of all ages, addressing a variety of mental health concerns including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, grief and loss, interpersonal issues, domestic violence, and body image challenges.
My therapeutic approach integrates elements of CBT, ACT, DBT and IFS, tailored to meet each individual's unique needs and goals.
I'm a Clinical Psychology Registrar committed to supporting individuals on their personal journey to healing and personal growth. My passion lies in helping those who have experienced traumatic events to regain a sense of safety and well-being as they move towards recovery. I work with clients of all ages, addressing a variety of mental health concerns including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, grief and loss, interpersonal issues, domestic violence, and body image challenges.
These include attachment-based therapies, schema therapy, parts work informed by internal family systems and ego-state therapy, ACT, CBT & somatic therapy.
I am a warm and experienced Clinical Psychologist. My areas of interest include complex/developmental trauma, anxiety, depression, stress/burnout, life transitions, relationship difficulties, the mind/body connection, chronic health conditions (e.g., chronic pain, cancer, autoimmune, hormonal conditions), and people navigating the perinatal period (fertility concerns/pregnancy/postpartum).
Individual telehealth sessions and online groups currently available (Meditation group and Mothers Nurture Circle).
These include attachment-based therapies, schema therapy, parts work informed by internal family systems and ego-state therapy, ACT, CBT & somatic therapy.
I am a warm and experienced Clinical Psychologist. My areas of interest include complex/developmental trauma, anxiety, depression, stress/burnout, life transitions, relationship difficulties, the mind/body connection, chronic health conditions (e.g., chronic pain, cancer, autoimmune, hormonal conditions), and people navigating the perinatal period (fertility concerns/pregnancy/postpartum).
Individual telehealth sessions and online groups currently available (Meditation group and Mothers Nurture Circle).
I draw upon techniques from Interpersonal Therapy, EMDR, Therapies for Dissociative Processes including IFS, mindfulness and somatic practices.
I am a psychologist, with an approach to therapy that is person-centred and holistic in nature, taking into account the many aspects of the human experience and the influences that shape us. I have experience in assessing and providing therapeutic services to adolescents and adults with a diverse range of mental health conditions, and have a special interest in working with complex trauma and dissociation, anxiety, and attachment difficulties. I strive to create safety for individuals to explore their vulnerabilities and am passionate about supporting clients to reduce suffering, to live authentically, and achieve their goals.
I draw upon techniques from Interpersonal Therapy, EMDR, Therapies for Dissociative Processes including IFS, mindfulness and somatic practices.
I am a psychologist, with an approach to therapy that is person-centred and holistic in nature, taking into account the many aspects of the human experience and the influences that shape us. I have experience in assessing and providing therapeutic services to adolescents and adults with a diverse range of mental health conditions, and have a special interest in working with complex trauma and dissociation, anxiety, and attachment difficulties. I strive to create safety for individuals to explore their vulnerabilities and am passionate about supporting clients to reduce suffering, to live authentically, and achieve their goals.
I utilize various therapeutic modalities, including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Schema Therapy, Gottman's Couples Therapy, Transactional Analysis, and Internal Family Systems, tailoring my approach to suit each client's individual needs and preferences.
As a Sexologist and Mental Health Social Worker, I am here to support clients with a range of presenting difficulties. I offer support to people needing sex therapy, relationship/couples therapy, perinatal therapy, and general counselling. I have expertise in supporting those with sexual function issues, including painful sex, erectile dysfunction, vaginismus and more. I also support people experiencing performance anxiety, body image concerns, relationship issues, sexual assault survivors, sex workers, and those needing support with their gender and sexuality. I provide a warm, safe and non-judgemental space to meet client needs.
I utilize various therapeutic modalities, including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Schema Therapy, Gottman's Couples Therapy, Transactional Analysis, and Internal Family Systems, tailoring my approach to suit each client's individual needs and preferences.
As a Sexologist and Mental Health Social Worker, I am here to support clients with a range of presenting difficulties. I offer support to people needing sex therapy, relationship/couples therapy, perinatal therapy, and general counselling. I have expertise in supporting those with sexual function issues, including painful sex, erectile dysfunction, vaginismus and more. I also support people experiencing performance anxiety, body image concerns, relationship issues, sexual assault survivors, sex workers, and those needing support with their gender and sexuality. I provide a warm, safe and non-judgemental space to meet client needs.
Our clinicians are trained in a variety of evidence-based psychological treatments, including DBT, ACT, CBT, Schema Therapy, CBT-E, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT), EMDR, Trauma Informed Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Internal Family Systems ( IFS), Mindfulness, and Parent Training.
Wise Mind Psychology is a Newcastle-based team of passionate clinicians who are dedicated to improving the lives and well-being of our clients. We adopt a collaborative, person-centered, and evidence-based approach to therapy and assessment.
Wise Mind offers a range of services, including individual therapy, child and family therapy, and psychological and diagnostic assessments for children and adults of all ages.
Our clinicians are trained in a variety of evidence-based psychological treatments, including DBT, ACT, CBT, Schema Therapy, CBT-E, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT), EMDR, Trauma Informed Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Internal Family Systems ( IFS), Mindfulness, and Parent Training.
Wise Mind Psychology is a Newcastle-based team of passionate clinicians who are dedicated to improving the lives and well-being of our clients. We adopt a collaborative, person-centered, and evidence-based approach to therapy and assessment.
Wise Mind offers a range of services, including individual therapy, child and family therapy, and psychological and diagnostic assessments for children and adults of all ages.
Carla often uses a combination of EMDR and Internal Family Systems ( IFS) in her practice with individuals and Emotionally Focused Therapy with couples.
Brazilian born Psychologist, Carla Bonetti understands that we all need help at times to navigate life’s challenges. She offers help that is underpinned by years of experience working within the public and private sectors with a range of different clients addressing a number of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship and existential problems.
Carla often uses a combination of EMDR and Internal Family Systems ( IFS) in her practice with individuals and Emotionally Focused Therapy with couples.
Brazilian born Psychologist, Carla Bonetti understands that we all need help at times to navigate life’s challenges. She offers help that is underpinned by years of experience working within the public and private sectors with a range of different clients addressing a number of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship and existential problems.
While every journey is different, following the process of each individual client, there are some key frameworks I utilise including IFS, ACT, process psychology, feminist therapy, Buddhism.
I am a trauma informed psychotherapist and counsellor. I specialise in trauma, complex PTSD, grief, suicide bereavement, relationships, anxiety, depression, self-worth, stress management and purposeful living. My intention is to support you to navigate life’s past and present challenges while deepening your capacity to achieve an enduring sense of peace, safety, agency and wellbeing. I offer clinical sessions at Leura Wellness, nature based sessions in the Blue Mountains area and online to anywhere.
While every journey is different, following the process of each individual client, there are some key frameworks I utilise including IFS, ACT, process psychology, feminist therapy, Buddhism.
I am a trauma informed psychotherapist and counsellor. I specialise in trauma, complex PTSD, grief, suicide bereavement, relationships, anxiety, depression, self-worth, stress management and purposeful living. My intention is to support you to navigate life’s past and present challenges while deepening your capacity to achieve an enduring sense of peace, safety, agency and wellbeing. I offer clinical sessions at Leura Wellness, nature based sessions in the Blue Mountains area and online to anywhere.
Under this foundation I use EMDR as a method of reducing trauma and Internal Family Systems as a way of explaining how the mind creates parts and helps people heal wounded parts of their psyche and end negative patterns.
I work primarily with adults who experienced childhood trauma. If you have suffered from emotional neglect, physical or sexual abuse or any other trauma I can help with the emotional or psychological impact; the possible impairment of self- esteem/self worth, the dysfunctional relationships you may have at times and the physical health consequences of childhood trauma. I help you to identify how you experienced these as a child and what kind of feelings arise as you now look at the experiences through an adult lens. We keep one foot in the present whilst accessing the trauma experienced and help you move to resilience and recovery
Under this foundation I use EMDR as a method of reducing trauma and Internal Family Systems as a way of explaining how the mind creates parts and helps people heal wounded parts of their psyche and end negative patterns.
I work primarily with adults who experienced childhood trauma. If you have suffered from emotional neglect, physical or sexual abuse or any other trauma I can help with the emotional or psychological impact; the possible impairment of self- esteem/self worth, the dysfunctional relationships you may have at times and the physical health consequences of childhood trauma. I help you to identify how you experienced these as a child and what kind of feelings arise as you now look at the experiences through an adult lens. We keep one foot in the present whilst accessing the trauma experienced and help you move to resilience and recovery
I am trained in, and might use approaches which might include; Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT), Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), Narrative Therapy, Motivational Interviewing (MI) and, Internal Family Systems ( IFS).
I specialise in supporting women, neurodivergent-affirming practices and those navigating cultural & identity experiences.
I am trained in, and might use approaches which might include; Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT), Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), Narrative Therapy, Motivational Interviewing (MI) and, Internal Family Systems ( IFS).
I specialise in supporting women, neurodivergent-affirming practices and those navigating cultural & identity experiences.
I often use somatic based techniques with clients in addition to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavior Techniques (CBT), Internal Family Systems ( IFS) and Mindfulness-Bassed Cognitive Therapy (MBCT).
I provide compassionate support for individuals, families, and couples, specializing in Individual, Neuroaffirming, and Couples Counselling. My areas of expertise includes depression, anxiety, trauma, addiction, grief and loss, ADHD & ASD, relationship and intimacy challenges, women’s health. As a certified Meditation Teacher and Peaceful Kids Facilitator, I incorporate mindfulness and somatic practices to enhance emotional well-being and resilience for all ages. Together, we can create a more balanced and fulfilling life.
I often use somatic based techniques with clients in addition to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavior Techniques (CBT), Internal Family Systems ( IFS) and Mindfulness-Bassed Cognitive Therapy (MBCT).
I provide compassionate support for individuals, families, and couples, specializing in Individual, Neuroaffirming, and Couples Counselling. My areas of expertise includes depression, anxiety, trauma, addiction, grief and loss, ADHD & ASD, relationship and intimacy challenges, women’s health. As a certified Meditation Teacher and Peaceful Kids Facilitator, I incorporate mindfulness and somatic practices to enhance emotional well-being and resilience for all ages. Together, we can create a more balanced and fulfilling life.
I have trained in a variety of approaches but the ones I am most drawn to are: Internal Family Systems ( IFS), Somatic (emotion and body focussed) therapies, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Brainspotting.
Hi! I am a counsellor and mental health social worker and I work with people who want help to heal from unresolved trauma. I also work with people who struggle with boundary setting and 'people pleasing', which often leads to burnout. For professionals, I love providing counselling to other counsellors and helping professionals, and I believe engaging in our own therapy makes us better counsellors in many ways. Clinical Supervision is also available for counsellors and social workers.
I have trained in a variety of approaches but the ones I am most drawn to are: Internal Family Systems ( IFS), Somatic (emotion and body focussed) therapies, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Brainspotting.
Hi! I am a counsellor and mental health social worker and I work with people who want help to heal from unresolved trauma. I also work with people who struggle with boundary setting and 'people pleasing', which often leads to burnout. For professionals, I love providing counselling to other counsellors and helping professionals, and I believe engaging in our own therapy makes us better counsellors in many ways. Clinical Supervision is also available for counsellors and social workers.
I draw primarily on techniques from cognitive behaviour therapy, schema therapy, internal family systems ( IFS) and dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT).
I'm a clinical psychologist who works with adults across a diverse range of mental health issues, I have a particular interest in trauma, grief, relationship issues, depression, life transitions (such as separation), multicultural populations, personality disorders (such as helping people who struggle with BPD traits or helping people manage difficult relationships with individuals with narcissistic traits or help them recover after narcissistic abuse), and dissociative disorders such as DID. I also have an interest in helping people with ME/CFS and related chronic illnesses such as Long Covid, Fibromyalgia (as I have ME/CFS).
I draw primarily on techniques from cognitive behaviour therapy, schema therapy, internal family systems ( IFS) and dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT).
I'm a clinical psychologist who works with adults across a diverse range of mental health issues, I have a particular interest in trauma, grief, relationship issues, depression, life transitions (such as separation), multicultural populations, personality disorders (such as helping people who struggle with BPD traits or helping people manage difficult relationships with individuals with narcissistic traits or help them recover after narcissistic abuse), and dissociative disorders such as DID. I also have an interest in helping people with ME/CFS and related chronic illnesses such as Long Covid, Fibromyalgia (as I have ME/CFS).
I utilise a variety of approaches including Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, Schema Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and exposure based approaches to trauma including Prolonged Exposure and Cognitive Processing Therapy.
I am a clinical psychologist that enjoys working with a diverse range of groups. My main areas of experience and expertise include helping those managing difficult relationships with narcissistic or high conflict personalities, trauma, including PTSD and Complex-PTSD and personality disorders, specifically those with Borderline Personality Disorder. As someone with personal lived experience of cancer I also have an interest in working with individuals experiencing chronic illness or cancer. Additionally, I work across areas including anxiety, depression, domestic violence, and grief.
I utilise a variety of approaches including Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, Schema Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and exposure based approaches to trauma including Prolonged Exposure and Cognitive Processing Therapy.
I am a clinical psychologist that enjoys working with a diverse range of groups. My main areas of experience and expertise include helping those managing difficult relationships with narcissistic or high conflict personalities, trauma, including PTSD and Complex-PTSD and personality disorders, specifically those with Borderline Personality Disorder. As someone with personal lived experience of cancer I also have an interest in working with individuals experiencing chronic illness or cancer. Additionally, I work across areas including anxiety, depression, domestic violence, and grief.
I also favour trauma informed IFS and "parts" work which I find very beneficial for clients.
Does this sound familiar? You have struggled with mental health and self-worth issues your whole life. You are a people pleaser & perfectionist. You missed the memo on boundaries. You have been told you are "too sensitive, too much!" You have done ALL of the things! The psychologist, mental health care plan, the healers, juice cleanses, reiki, acupuncture, fasting, read every self-help book ever written. You are a seeker, a searcher, a believer. And although it all helped, you have been constantly let down, feel like a failure as none of it gave you the RELIEF you long for. You crave peace, calm and meaning. I know. I have been you.
I also favour trauma informed IFS and "parts" work which I find very beneficial for clients.
Does this sound familiar? You have struggled with mental health and self-worth issues your whole life. You are a people pleaser & perfectionist. You missed the memo on boundaries. You have been told you are "too sensitive, too much!" You have done ALL of the things! The psychologist, mental health care plan, the healers, juice cleanses, reiki, acupuncture, fasting, read every self-help book ever written. You are a seeker, a searcher, a believer. And although it all helped, you have been constantly let down, feel like a failure as none of it gave you the RELIEF you long for. You crave peace, calm and meaning. I know. I have been you.
Nearby Internal Family Systems (IFS) Counsellors Searches for Carrington
- Cardiff
- Cessnock
- Charlestown
- Hamilton
- Kotara
- Lake Macquarie
- Lambton
- Maitland
- Mayfield
- Merewether
- Newcastle
- Warners Bay
Internal Family Systems (IFS) Counsellors
What is Internal Family Systems therapy?
Internal Family Systems (IFS) is a type of talk therapy that focuses on sub-personalities, or “families,” within a person, which may be made up of wounded parts and unpleasant emotions like anger and shame. These sub-personalities can come into conflict with each other and with an individual’s core Self, leaving the person feeling detached from positive traits such as the “8 C’s” of confidence, calmness, creativity, clarity, curiosity, courage, compassion, and connectedness. By healing a patient’s wounded parts, a therapist aims to restore balance and bring on positive change.
How does Internal Family Systems therapy work?
An IFS therapist will work with a patient to identify their particular sub-personalities, recognize the emotions powering them, and release them. By doing so, the patient should become more able to address any underlying problems their sub-personalities may have been trying to protect them from. Ultimately, a patient discovers ways to manage internal and external conflicts on their own, through techniques such as relaxation exercises, journaling, and making charts depicting the relationships between their core Self and their distinct parts.
Does Internal Family Systems therapy work?
IFS therapy has been shown to help people address conditions such as depression, anxiety, panic, fears and phobias, trauma, and substance use disorders. Some research has also found that it can help individuals deal with symptoms of physical health conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, such as pain, everyday functioning, depressive feelings, and low self-compassion. There are some conditions for which IFS treatment, specifically discussions of one’s “parts,” may be less appropriate, such as schizophrenia or other states that involve psychosis or paranoia.
How long does Internal Family Systems therapy take?
As with most forms of talk therapy, there is no set duration or end point for IFS therapy. After becoming comfortable with a therapist and the core concepts of IFS, some patients quickly make progress. While experiences vary, most will find that it is a relatively longer-term therapy, involving months and sometimes years of sessions.