Counselling in Canley Vale, NSW

Photo of Josephine Gale - Growth Psychology Consulting, MAPS, Psychologist
Growth Psychology Consulting
Psychologist, MAPS
Verified Verified
Serves Area
We are a team of psychologists in the Liverpool. We see clients for various issues such as but not limited to anxiety, depression , grief, adjustment issues, relationship issues , marriage counselling , self esteem , children, adolescents private clients, workcover, CTP , solicitors reports, immigration reports and business support. We help in guiding you for whatever life changes you are going through.
We are a team of psychologists in the Liverpool. We see clients for various issues such as but not limited to anxiety, depression , grief, adjustment issues, relationship issues , marriage counselling , self esteem , children, adolescents private clients, workcover, CTP , solicitors reports, immigration reports and business support. We help in guiding you for whatever life changes you are going through.
(02) 8880 5183 View (02) 8880 5183
Photo of Van Pham, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Van Pham
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I believe a strong therapeutic alliance is key to successful treatment. This bond is based on shared goals, collaboration, and mutual trust by my clients. I see my clients as the best experts on their needs and desires. My role is to provide a safe space for them to explore, reorganize, and sometimes let go of anything hindering their journey to a meaningful and fulfilling life. I offer psychological interventions and assessments in English (fluent), Vietnamese (fluent) and Mandarin (working proficiency) through: Medicare, NSW Worker Compensation, NSW Compulsory Third Party (CTP) Insurance, NDIS, and Employee Assistance Program.
I believe a strong therapeutic alliance is key to successful treatment. This bond is based on shared goals, collaboration, and mutual trust by my clients. I see my clients as the best experts on their needs and desires. My role is to provide a safe space for them to explore, reorganize, and sometimes let go of anything hindering their journey to a meaningful and fulfilling life. I offer psychological interventions and assessments in English (fluent), Vietnamese (fluent) and Mandarin (working proficiency) through: Medicare, NSW Worker Compensation, NSW Compulsory Third Party (CTP) Insurance, NDIS, and Employee Assistance Program.
0435 564 237 View 0435 564 237

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr Nicole Louise Clement, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Dr Nicole Louise Clement
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
I have helped my clients to face and eventually embrace the many challenges that life presents, finding a constructive and individually unique way forward.
I have helped my clients to face and eventually embrace the many challenges that life presents, finding a constructive and individually unique way forward.
(02) 9100 0143 View (02) 9100 0143
Photo of Bronte Galek - Anahata counselling, MC, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Anahata counselling
Psychotherapist, MC, PACFA
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am an experienced psychotherapist and counsellor specialising in addiction and trauma. With a strong person-centered and holistic approach, I combine various therapeutic techniques to encourage one’s healing and understanding of self. I aim to provide a safe and non-judgmental space for clients to explore all facets of themselves, supporting them to find peace and stability amidst life’s challenges. I can work with you on a range of life's issues and I am deeply committed to creating safety and care within the therapeutic relationship. There is no need to struggle alone.
I am an experienced psychotherapist and counsellor specialising in addiction and trauma. With a strong person-centered and holistic approach, I combine various therapeutic techniques to encourage one’s healing and understanding of self. I aim to provide a safe and non-judgmental space for clients to explore all facets of themselves, supporting them to find peace and stability amidst life’s challenges. I can work with you on a range of life's issues and I am deeply committed to creating safety and care within the therapeutic relationship. There is no need to struggle alone.
(08) 7078 8233 View (08) 7078 8233
Photo of Rez Akbarian, MPsych, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Rez Akbarian
Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
Verified Verified
Online Only
Many people seek therapy when they feel stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected, looking for a space to explore their emotions, patterns, and experiences. They may want to better understand themselves, heal from past experiences, or navigate life’s challenges with greater clarity and balance. The goal is often to reconnect with their authentic selves, build resilience, and create meaningful change. Therapy offers a safe, supportive environment to foster growth and move toward a more fulfilling and empowered life.
Many people seek therapy when they feel stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected, looking for a space to explore their emotions, patterns, and experiences. They may want to better understand themselves, heal from past experiences, or navigate life’s challenges with greater clarity and balance. The goal is often to reconnect with their authentic selves, build resilience, and create meaningful change. Therapy offers a safe, supportive environment to foster growth and move toward a more fulfilling and empowered life.
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Photo of Kodi Duruchukwu, PsychD, PsyBA Prov, Psychologist
Kodi Duruchukwu
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA Prov
Verified Verified
Newtown, NSW 2042
Hi I'm Kodi (They/She), I'm a compassionate and dedicated Provisional Psychologist with a strong commitment to supporting clients from CLAD and LGBTQIA+ backgrounds. As a queer, and neurodivergent clinician, my lived experience within the community aids me to innately empathise with experiences clients may be navigating. My experience encompasses a broad array of client presentations, including ADHD, gender identity, gender dysphoria, dissociative disorders, mood disorders, family and relational conflicts, complex trauma/abuse.
Hi I'm Kodi (They/She), I'm a compassionate and dedicated Provisional Psychologist with a strong commitment to supporting clients from CLAD and LGBTQIA+ backgrounds. As a queer, and neurodivergent clinician, my lived experience within the community aids me to innately empathise with experiences clients may be navigating. My experience encompasses a broad array of client presentations, including ADHD, gender identity, gender dysphoria, dissociative disorders, mood disorders, family and relational conflicts, complex trauma/abuse.
(02) 9159 6657 View (02) 9159 6657
Photo of Anine Cummins - Anine Cummins (they/them) - Ginger Cat Counselling, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Anine Cummins (they/them) - Ginger Cat Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Please note: I am a counsellor, and cannot accept mental health care plans. I provide online counselling for adults and teenagers. Everyone is welcome! I work with LGBTIQ+ clients, including trans and non-binary people, people with traumatic histories, including sexual assault and abuse, people with dissociative disorders, including DID, people with ADHD and autism, and other neurodiverse brains, activists and other people struggling with burn out.
Please note: I am a counsellor, and cannot accept mental health care plans. I provide online counselling for adults and teenagers. Everyone is welcome! I work with LGBTIQ+ clients, including trans and non-binary people, people with traumatic histories, including sexual assault and abuse, people with dissociative disorders, including DID, people with ADHD and autism, and other neurodiverse brains, activists and other people struggling with burn out.
(03) 8338 1789 View (03) 8338 1789
Photo of Aimee McCarthy, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Aimee McCarthy
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Baulkham Hills, NSW 2153
Hi, I'm Aimee from The Hope Hub. I believe that it is never too soon (or late!) to learn new skills to support our mental wellbeing. I am opening my books to new clients (aged 12+) who are looking to commence therapeutic support from March 2025. I also offer diagnostic assessment services (e.g., WISC, WIAT, ADOS, Conners) and clinical supervision to school psychologists/school counsellors. NDIS participants and individuals with Medicare mental health care plans are welcome.
Hi, I'm Aimee from The Hope Hub. I believe that it is never too soon (or late!) to learn new skills to support our mental wellbeing. I am opening my books to new clients (aged 12+) who are looking to commence therapeutic support from March 2025. I also offer diagnostic assessment services (e.g., WISC, WIAT, ADOS, Conners) and clinical supervision to school psychologists/school counsellors. NDIS participants and individuals with Medicare mental health care plans are welcome.
(02) 9158 6531 View (02) 9158 6531
Photo of Kubra Aydogan, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Kubra Aydogan
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am the founder of Leading Minds Psychology, an online telehealth practice. I'm passionate about working with both neurodivergent and neurotypical clients to explore and affirm their unique perspectives, values, and strengths in a safe space. I also offer neuroaffirming Autism and ADHD assessments. My foremost goal is to cultivate a warm and supportive environment where individuals feel safe and comfortable. I adapt my therapeutic approaches to align with individual goals and helping my clients to explore and grow in ways that are both authentic and meaningful. Fidgeting, stimming and movement are always welcome.
I am the founder of Leading Minds Psychology, an online telehealth practice. I'm passionate about working with both neurodivergent and neurotypical clients to explore and affirm their unique perspectives, values, and strengths in a safe space. I also offer neuroaffirming Autism and ADHD assessments. My foremost goal is to cultivate a warm and supportive environment where individuals feel safe and comfortable. I adapt my therapeutic approaches to align with individual goals and helping my clients to explore and grow in ways that are both authentic and meaningful. Fidgeting, stimming and movement are always welcome.
(03) 7302 2668 View (03) 7302 2668
Photo of Jannikka Balko, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Jannikka Balko
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Jannikka Balko is a clinical psychologist registered with AHPRA with a particular interest in treating anxiety and depression through life transitions (e.g. relationships and relationship separations, moving through grief and loss, balancing work and study, returning to the workforce, transition to retirement) for young people, adults and older adults.
Jannikka Balko is a clinical psychologist registered with AHPRA with a particular interest in treating anxiety and depression through life transitions (e.g. relationships and relationship separations, moving through grief and loss, balancing work and study, returning to the workforce, transition to retirement) for young people, adults and older adults.
0421 941 301 View 0421 941 301
Photo of James Norman O'Connor, MPsych, ACA-L4, Psychotherapist
James Norman O'Connor
Psychotherapist, MPsych, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Hi I'm Jim O'Connor clinical psychotherapist and relationship therapist. I help people overcome the challenges they face in their relationships. If you're someone who is single and wishing to get into a relationship but you don't know how to find the right person, then I can help. If your in a relationship and you want to create more connection, I can show you how. If you're in an abusive relationship and you don't know if you should leave or stay I can help you decide and I will support you what ever you decide. If it has anything to do with dating or relating in the modern world I can help.
Hi I'm Jim O'Connor clinical psychotherapist and relationship therapist. I help people overcome the challenges they face in their relationships. If you're someone who is single and wishing to get into a relationship but you don't know how to find the right person, then I can help. If your in a relationship and you want to create more connection, I can show you how. If you're in an abusive relationship and you don't know if you should leave or stay I can help you decide and I will support you what ever you decide. If it has anything to do with dating or relating in the modern world I can help.
(02) 9100 0073 View (02) 9100 0073
Photo of Kahala Dixon, MPsych, MAPS, Psychologist
Kahala Dixon
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Edgecliff, NSW 2027
I currently work at McKinnon Psychology seeing individuals with a variety of challenges, including anxiety, depression, trauma-related difficulties and emotional dysregulation across adolescence to adulthood, and co-facilitate emotion regulation groups at Southside Health and Wellbeing. I also currently work with parents adjusting to the perinatal period with moderate to severe mental health challenges at Naamuru Parent and Baby Unit. I have previous experience working in the Perinatal Infant Mental Health Service (SLHD), Nepean Anxiety Disorders Clinic, Nepean Family Metabolic Health Clinic and Nepean Antenatal Clinic.
I currently work at McKinnon Psychology seeing individuals with a variety of challenges, including anxiety, depression, trauma-related difficulties and emotional dysregulation across adolescence to adulthood, and co-facilitate emotion regulation groups at Southside Health and Wellbeing. I also currently work with parents adjusting to the perinatal period with moderate to severe mental health challenges at Naamuru Parent and Baby Unit. I have previous experience working in the Perinatal Infant Mental Health Service (SLHD), Nepean Anxiety Disorders Clinic, Nepean Family Metabolic Health Clinic and Nepean Antenatal Clinic.
(02) 9100 0499 View (02) 9100 0499
Photo of Sarah Traynor, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Traynor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Parramatta, NSW 2150
I am an accredited social worker with 24 years of experience working across Sydney. I have experience working for NGOs, and State and Federal Government agencies in counselling, community development, case management, disaster recovery, group work and delivering training. I enjoy engaging with diverse individuals and families at varied stages of life, providing therapeutic intervention, and working towards positive change. I am available to provide a variety of support services to assist individuals with reaching their goals. I use talk therapy and creative therapy techniques and a strengths based approach to work towards change.
I am an accredited social worker with 24 years of experience working across Sydney. I have experience working for NGOs, and State and Federal Government agencies in counselling, community development, case management, disaster recovery, group work and delivering training. I enjoy engaging with diverse individuals and families at varied stages of life, providing therapeutic intervention, and working towards positive change. I am available to provide a variety of support services to assist individuals with reaching their goals. I use talk therapy and creative therapy techniques and a strengths based approach to work towards change.
(02) 7804 4770 View (02) 7804 4770
Photo of Ramona Singh, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Ramona Singh
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Online Only
Struggling to adjust to a recent loss or transition in your life, such as bereavement, migration, divorce or retirement? Or perhaps living or working with someone from a different culture, and encountering challenges that you can’t explain or manage? Working towards healthier boundaries, yet finding that your personal life experiences are impacting your workplace performance and behaviours? These challenges are my particular areas of interest and expertise, having worked for decades as a psychotherapist in private practice, and a learning and change practitioner in the government, private, education and not-for-profit sectors.
Struggling to adjust to a recent loss or transition in your life, such as bereavement, migration, divorce or retirement? Or perhaps living or working with someone from a different culture, and encountering challenges that you can’t explain or manage? Working towards healthier boundaries, yet finding that your personal life experiences are impacting your workplace performance and behaviours? These challenges are my particular areas of interest and expertise, having worked for decades as a psychotherapist in private practice, and a learning and change practitioner in the government, private, education and not-for-profit sectors.
0412 286 609 View 0412 286 609
Photo of Glyn Hupalo, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Glyn Hupalo
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, I’m Glyn. I work with individuals, teens, and families to navigate life’s challenges and build stronger connections. I help teens manage school pressures, identity struggles, and emotional expression, while supporting parents in understanding and connecting with their teens. I also work with adults facing anxiety, depression, and life transitions. Whether you’re seeking individual support or improving family dynamics, I provide a safe, supportive space to help you move forward.
Hi, I’m Glyn. I work with individuals, teens, and families to navigate life’s challenges and build stronger connections. I help teens manage school pressures, identity struggles, and emotional expression, while supporting parents in understanding and connecting with their teens. I also work with adults facing anxiety, depression, and life transitions. Whether you’re seeking individual support or improving family dynamics, I provide a safe, supportive space to help you move forward.
View
Photo of Jane French, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jane French
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Pymble, NSW 2073
As an experienced couples’ counsellor, I know that relationships which used to be safe and life giving can start to feel destructive. Attempts at solutions can end up, counter productively, increasing pain and it can eventually feel frightening to try and sort things out without a third person present. My small private practice specifically focuses on relationship counselling where both individuals are willing and able to attend. My hope is to support people who are feeling stuck and discouraged, to find ways out of patterns that are not working and into different ways of connecting that are healing for them.
As an experienced couples’ counsellor, I know that relationships which used to be safe and life giving can start to feel destructive. Attempts at solutions can end up, counter productively, increasing pain and it can eventually feel frightening to try and sort things out without a third person present. My small private practice specifically focuses on relationship counselling where both individuals are willing and able to attend. My hope is to support people who are feeling stuck and discouraged, to find ways out of patterns that are not working and into different ways of connecting that are healing for them.
(02) 8403 1605 View (02) 8403 1605
Sarah Louise Gibson
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Bondi Junction, NSW 2022
I offer individual adults and couples strategies to address both here-and-now life challenges, as well as the root cause of repetitive cycles - especially relationship issues. My goal is to empower clients for the long term, with the understanding that good mental health underpins almost every other important goal in life.
I offer individual adults and couples strategies to address both here-and-now life challenges, as well as the root cause of repetitive cycles - especially relationship issues. My goal is to empower clients for the long term, with the understanding that good mental health underpins almost every other important goal in life.
(02) 9100 0061 View (02) 9100 0061
Photo of Nerrissa Young, MA, PACFA, Counsellor
Nerrissa Young
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Seven Hills, NSW 2147
Do you struggle to help regulate yourself after a big event in your life? It wont be easy but imagine if you took your first steps into becoming that version of yourself that is able to do all the things you currently wish you could. You could have the tools to deal with the triggers , the nightmares that plague your sleep. You could have the ability to explore your shadow self , you inner self and find out why you act the way you do or react the way you do.
Do you struggle to help regulate yourself after a big event in your life? It wont be easy but imagine if you took your first steps into becoming that version of yourself that is able to do all the things you currently wish you could. You could have the tools to deal with the triggers , the nightmares that plague your sleep. You could have the ability to explore your shadow self , you inner self and find out why you act the way you do or react the way you do.
(02) 6105 9105 View (02) 6105 9105
Photo of Charis Stevens, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Charis Stevens
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you finding your relationships challenging at the moment? Are you finding the conflict overwhelming, making it hard to cope? Not knowing what to do, where to turn or even who you are in the process? If you can't seem to see your way out or through life's challenges at the moment, I would love to help! When things become tricky, and life gets difficult to navigate, having someone journey with you is valuable. I have a real passion for seeing people not just survive but thrive! I feel it is a privilege to be able to equip and encourage clients as we navigate a journey towards understanding, growth and healing together.
Are you finding your relationships challenging at the moment? Are you finding the conflict overwhelming, making it hard to cope? Not knowing what to do, where to turn or even who you are in the process? If you can't seem to see your way out or through life's challenges at the moment, I would love to help! When things become tricky, and life gets difficult to navigate, having someone journey with you is valuable. I have a real passion for seeing people not just survive but thrive! I feel it is a privilege to be able to equip and encourage clients as we navigate a journey towards understanding, growth and healing together.
(08) 6219 3007 View (08) 6219 3007
Photo of Sky Mutch, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Sky Mutch
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Online Only
Sky uses a holistic and individualised approach with each client that aims to explore and incorporate aspects of physical, spiritual, emotional, social and mental wellbeing into a whole picture of the individual in a safe, non-judgemental space where you can feel heard and accepted as you move through your therapy journey. Sky has experience working across the lifespan with individuals aged 17 and above, with different cultural backgrounds, sexual orientations/identifications and presentations such as depression, anxiety, stress, general wellbeing, ADHD support, relationship problems, anger, self-esteem and practical problem solving
Sky uses a holistic and individualised approach with each client that aims to explore and incorporate aspects of physical, spiritual, emotional, social and mental wellbeing into a whole picture of the individual in a safe, non-judgemental space where you can feel heard and accepted as you move through your therapy journey. Sky has experience working across the lifespan with individuals aged 17 and above, with different cultural backgrounds, sexual orientations/identifications and presentations such as depression, anxiety, stress, general wellbeing, ADHD support, relationship problems, anger, self-esteem and practical problem solving
(03) 8007 2271 View (03) 8007 2271

See more therapy options for Canley Vale

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Canley Vale, NSW

< 10

Counsellors in Canley Vale, NSW who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Chronic Pain
100% Bereavement
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% School Issues

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
100% CBHS Health
100% Medicare Rebates

How Counsellors in Canley Vale, NSW see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Canley Vale?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.