Counselling in Surry Hills, NSW

Photo of Eleanor Tepper, Counsellor in Surry Hills, NSW
Eleanor Tepper
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I offer animal-assisted walk & talk therapy in Sydney and the Inner West, focused on creating a safe & neutral space where the counsellor and client can work together. My approach is person-centred and collaborative, working with the perspective that therapy is not about fixing oneself, but learning to hold space for yourself and to manage life's challenges with self compassion and self-kindness. My greyhound, Ruben, is a certified therapy dog and available to attend walk & talk sessions. For non-Sydney based clients I also provide telehealth appointments. Walk & talk sessions can also be without Ruben.
I offer animal-assisted walk & talk therapy in Sydney and the Inner West, focused on creating a safe & neutral space where the counsellor and client can work together. My approach is person-centred and collaborative, working with the perspective that therapy is not about fixing oneself, but learning to hold space for yourself and to manage life's challenges with self compassion and self-kindness. My greyhound, Ruben, is a certified therapy dog and available to attend walk & talk sessions. For non-Sydney based clients I also provide telehealth appointments. Walk & talk sessions can also be without Ruben.
(02) 9100 0848 View (02) 9100 0848
Photo of Christopher Tran, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Christopher Tran
Psychologist, MAPS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I focus on supporting people who come from immigrant families who want to be in more control of their own lives and be more self-efficient. This includes if you: 1) want to improve how you feel and think; 2) want more out of life; 3) want to be better equipped with dealing with family, partners, friends, colleagues or new people. So if you want to enhance your ability to manage emotions or your internal voice that’s critical of you, if you want to get motivated, enhance your effectiveness in an area of life or if you just want more balance, if you want to be more self-assured or if you want support with dealing with discrimination.
I focus on supporting people who come from immigrant families who want to be in more control of their own lives and be more self-efficient. This includes if you: 1) want to improve how you feel and think; 2) want more out of life; 3) want to be better equipped with dealing with family, partners, friends, colleagues or new people. So if you want to enhance your ability to manage emotions or your internal voice that’s critical of you, if you want to get motivated, enhance your effectiveness in an area of life or if you just want more balance, if you want to be more self-assured or if you want support with dealing with discrimination.
(02) 8105 5125 View (02) 8105 5125
Photo of Crawf Weir Psychotherapy, Counsellor in Surry Hills, NSW
Crawf Weir Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I am dedicated to guiding and empowering clients as they navigate the complexities of anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, and life's most challenging transitions. Through my online service, my goal is to support individuals in healing their emotional wounds, achieving internal harmony, and unlocking the life they truly deserve. As a result of our work together, you will gain clarity on the issues you're working through, understand and appreciate your inner world, heal any wounded parts of yourself, and develop a more mindful and compassionate way forward.
I am dedicated to guiding and empowering clients as they navigate the complexities of anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, and life's most challenging transitions. Through my online service, my goal is to support individuals in healing their emotional wounds, achieving internal harmony, and unlocking the life they truly deserve. As a result of our work together, you will gain clarity on the issues you're working through, understand and appreciate your inner world, heal any wounded parts of yourself, and develop a more mindful and compassionate way forward.
(02) 9100 0451 View (02) 9100 0451
Photo of Alexandra Zorbas-Maiden, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Alexandra Zorbas-Maiden
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I am genuinely curious about the hopes, dreams and inner workings of anyone that comes to see me. Together, we can navigate where you want your life to go and any obstacles you wish to overcome: identifying your personal values, desires, yearnings, and any emotional conflicts or confusions - acknowledging patterns in your relationships, behaviour with others, and the influence of social & cultural factors on 'identity' and quality of life. Feeling heard, seen and understood is vitally important.
I am genuinely curious about the hopes, dreams and inner workings of anyone that comes to see me. Together, we can navigate where you want your life to go and any obstacles you wish to overcome: identifying your personal values, desires, yearnings, and any emotional conflicts or confusions - acknowledging patterns in your relationships, behaviour with others, and the influence of social & cultural factors on 'identity' and quality of life. Feeling heard, seen and understood is vitally important.
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Photo of Gay Cusack, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Gay Cusack
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
My ideal client is interested in developing self-awareness and learning skills to better manage difficult thoughts and feelings. They are looking for a therapist who they can build a working relationship with, based on genuine respect, support, and compassion, and who draws from the most recent research about what is effective in treatment. They want therapy to be tailored to their unique life experiences and personal strengths and weaknesses. My ideal client is someone who wants therapy to be a collaborative process, where the therapist and client work together to help the client reach their goals.
My ideal client is interested in developing self-awareness and learning skills to better manage difficult thoughts and feelings. They are looking for a therapist who they can build a working relationship with, based on genuine respect, support, and compassion, and who draws from the most recent research about what is effective in treatment. They want therapy to be tailored to their unique life experiences and personal strengths and weaknesses. My ideal client is someone who wants therapy to be a collaborative process, where the therapist and client work together to help the client reach their goals.
(02) 9100 0341 View (02) 9100 0341
Photo of Scott William Kelly, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Scott William Kelly
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
Scott’s approach is warm and grounded in deep listening and genuine engagement with his client’s experience. He aims to provide a safe and supportive environment in which his client can become curious about their life experiences and how they show up in the present moment through both mind and body. Scott is passionate about fostering self-understanding, self-compassion and self-leadership, encouraging freedom and flourishing in all areas of life.
Scott’s approach is warm and grounded in deep listening and genuine engagement with his client’s experience. He aims to provide a safe and supportive environment in which his client can become curious about their life experiences and how they show up in the present moment through both mind and body. Scott is passionate about fostering self-understanding, self-compassion and self-leadership, encouraging freedom and flourishing in all areas of life.
(02) 9100 0746 View (02) 9100 0746
Photo of Mathew Roland Bergan, Psychotherapist in Surry Hills, NSW
Mathew Roland Bergan
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
Are you seeking deeper relating skills or wanting to improve your own self-awareness?  Do you want to improve your communication and connection with others? Yesterday’s reality may not be the right fit for today-need a hand sorting out what stays and what goes? I am a Gestalt therapist specialising in sexuality, gender and coming out within LBGTQIA+ communities. My psychotherapy and counselling service offers face to face, online, and phone based services specialising in: anxiety and depression, unlocking the vices of shame, Brianspotting, somatic enquiry, nature based therapy, deconstructing masculinity, & trans and gender diverse.
Are you seeking deeper relating skills or wanting to improve your own self-awareness?  Do you want to improve your communication and connection with others? Yesterday’s reality may not be the right fit for today-need a hand sorting out what stays and what goes? I am a Gestalt therapist specialising in sexuality, gender and coming out within LBGTQIA+ communities. My psychotherapy and counselling service offers face to face, online, and phone based services specialising in: anxiety and depression, unlocking the vices of shame, Brianspotting, somatic enquiry, nature based therapy, deconstructing masculinity, & trans and gender diverse.
(02) 9100 0130 View (02) 9100 0130
Photo of Janet Burke - The Holding Space Counselling, Counsellor in Surry Hills, NSW
Janet Burke - The Holding Space Counselling
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
With specialist skills in grief, chronic illness and infertility I work from a somatic and trauma informed lens. I am passionate about companioning people through adversity, and believe that it through support and connection that we are able to come back to ourselves. I combine my love of neuroscience with an integrative approach, drawing on a number of modalities to support healing. Initially trained as a teacher I have worked extensively in education and health, working therapeutically with children, young people and their families in hospice and hospital to support coping with chronic illness for over 25 years.
With specialist skills in grief, chronic illness and infertility I work from a somatic and trauma informed lens. I am passionate about companioning people through adversity, and believe that it through support and connection that we are able to come back to ourselves. I combine my love of neuroscience with an integrative approach, drawing on a number of modalities to support healing. Initially trained as a teacher I have worked extensively in education and health, working therapeutically with children, young people and their families in hospice and hospital to support coping with chronic illness for over 25 years.
0402 350 782 View 0402 350 782
Photo of Anthony Michael Houghton, Counsellor in Surry Hills, NSW
Anthony Michael Houghton
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
We all struggle at some time in our lives. Most of us work through it but sometimes we need some support. Having someone to talk to, who listens and reflect your feelings and experience is a proven way to work through struggles in your life. At some stage everyone needs to work through something in the lives. If you are experiencing anxiety, stress, depression, feeling like you have lost direction, you are considering or you have come out, or even going through some form of grief and loss which could be a relationship coming to an end or the loss of a loved one.
We all struggle at some time in our lives. Most of us work through it but sometimes we need some support. Having someone to talk to, who listens and reflect your feelings and experience is a proven way to work through struggles in your life. At some stage everyone needs to work through something in the lives. If you are experiencing anxiety, stress, depression, feeling like you have lost direction, you are considering or you have come out, or even going through some form of grief and loss which could be a relationship coming to an end or the loss of a loved one.
(02) 9100 0713 View (02) 9100 0713
Photo of Preeti Phartiyal, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Preeti Phartiyal
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I'm a Clinical Psychologist specialising in working with individuals aged 18 and above. I completed my Master's degree in Clinical Psychology from the University of Queensland and since have worked in both private and public sectors treating diverse presentations including depression, anxiety, stress, burn out, interpersonal difficulties, and trauma. I aim to provide a compassionate and non-judgmental space where clients can explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
I'm a Clinical Psychologist specialising in working with individuals aged 18 and above. I completed my Master's degree in Clinical Psychology from the University of Queensland and since have worked in both private and public sectors treating diverse presentations including depression, anxiety, stress, burn out, interpersonal difficulties, and trauma. I aim to provide a compassionate and non-judgmental space where clients can explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
(02) 9100 0564 View (02) 9100 0564
Photo of Gaynor Connor, Psychotherapist in Surry Hills, NSW
Gaynor Connor
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
My therapy approach is trauma-sensitive, attachment-based and acknowledges that suppressed emotion and unresolved trauma is held in the body. Avoiding our emotions is one of the main contributors to mental health issues and my approach provides a greater understanding of our emotions and the behaviours that go with them. Our emotions organise our inner experience and avoiding them means missing out on the vital information they hold. For lasting change to occur, we must fully engage with our emotions, rather than fear them.
My therapy approach is trauma-sensitive, attachment-based and acknowledges that suppressed emotion and unresolved trauma is held in the body. Avoiding our emotions is one of the main contributors to mental health issues and my approach provides a greater understanding of our emotions and the behaviours that go with them. Our emotions organise our inner experience and avoiding them means missing out on the vital information they hold. For lasting change to occur, we must fully engage with our emotions, rather than fear them.
(02) 9100 0430 View (02) 9100 0430
Photo of Hugh Churchward, Psychotherapist in Surry Hills, NSW
Hugh Churchward
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
Are you struggling with feeling of shame, not being good enough, feel anxious or are uncomfortable around intimacy? Do you feel as though people just don't get you or that no-one is listening to what you are REALLY saying? Are you struggling with the impact of childhood experiences that - no matter what you do - just don't seem to go away? Then psychotherapy can help. With the right person and the right guidance it is possible to navigate through these issues and start to feel as though you are able to engage with life in a meaningful way again. I work together with you to discover that meaning and find a better place in the world.
Are you struggling with feeling of shame, not being good enough, feel anxious or are uncomfortable around intimacy? Do you feel as though people just don't get you or that no-one is listening to what you are REALLY saying? Are you struggling with the impact of childhood experiences that - no matter what you do - just don't seem to go away? Then psychotherapy can help. With the right person and the right guidance it is possible to navigate through these issues and start to feel as though you are able to engage with life in a meaningful way again. I work together with you to discover that meaning and find a better place in the world.
(02) 9158 6795 View (02) 9158 6795
Photo of Beverley Stewart - Counselling / Psychotherapy, Counsellor in Surry Hills, NSW
Beverley Stewart - Counselling / Psychotherapy
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
“This isn’t how I thought my life would turn out.” “This isn’t where I want to be!” When we’re feeling stuck or lost in our life circumstances, it can seem overwhelming and never ending. We feel alone. We can spend our days constantly thinking about what’s gone wrong, and our nights unable to sleep with all the worry. Each day becomes the same as the day before, There seems no end to it, no future without these dark thoughts. Making it harder is the fact that no one understands what we’re going through. No one knows how anxiety, hopelessness or dread can engulf us.
“This isn’t how I thought my life would turn out.” “This isn’t where I want to be!” When we’re feeling stuck or lost in our life circumstances, it can seem overwhelming and never ending. We feel alone. We can spend our days constantly thinking about what’s gone wrong, and our nights unable to sleep with all the worry. Each day becomes the same as the day before, There seems no end to it, no future without these dark thoughts. Making it harder is the fact that no one understands what we’re going through. No one knows how anxiety, hopelessness or dread can engulf us.
(02) 9100 0469 View (02) 9100 0469
Photo of Olivia Garnett, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Olivia Garnett
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I am a friendly and dedicated Clinical Psychologist passionate about helping clients overcome and manage psychological distress and improve overall wellbeing.
I am a friendly and dedicated Clinical Psychologist passionate about helping clients overcome and manage psychological distress and improve overall wellbeing.
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Photo of Karyn Krawford, Psychotherapist in Surry Hills, NSW
Karyn Krawford
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010  (Online Only)
Hi, I am a registered Psychotherapist and specialise in helping a broad range of people and challenges that range from childhood events causing thoughts, feelings and behaviours in the present time to be affected, to relationship challenges both in families, partnerships and proffessional relationships. I help people overcome and survive in ways that support healthy functioning and enjoyment of life. These can relate to stress, anxiety, changes in the person or environment, relationship breakdowns and death of treasured others. I provide a free consultation and currently work online only.
Hi, I am a registered Psychotherapist and specialise in helping a broad range of people and challenges that range from childhood events causing thoughts, feelings and behaviours in the present time to be affected, to relationship challenges both in families, partnerships and proffessional relationships. I help people overcome and survive in ways that support healthy functioning and enjoyment of life. These can relate to stress, anxiety, changes in the person or environment, relationship breakdowns and death of treasured others. I provide a free consultation and currently work online only.
(02) 9100 0537 View (02) 9100 0537
Photo of Chris Theodoridis, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Chris Theodoridis
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I am a registered psychologist, board approved supervisor and SIRA registered. I have also had extensive experience with NDIS clients, workcover, career coaching and vocational assessments/ reports.
I am a registered psychologist, board approved supervisor and SIRA registered. I have also had extensive experience with NDIS clients, workcover, career coaching and vocational assessments/ reports.
(02) 9100 0069 View (02) 9100 0069
Photo of Harry Bechara, Psychotherapist in Surry Hills, NSW
Harry Bechara
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
Harry is an integrative Psychotherapist & Counsellor with a passion for mental health and wellbeing. He draws on a range of therapeutic modalities which he tailors to individual needs. Harry meets clients with a warm and empathic presence and understands every person’s story is unique. He has an interest in early attachment trauma and its impact on the nervous system and adult relationships. Harry believes in peoples innate potential to grow from adversity and transform their lives - he is passionate about helping clients engage in this process.
Harry is an integrative Psychotherapist & Counsellor with a passion for mental health and wellbeing. He draws on a range of therapeutic modalities which he tailors to individual needs. Harry meets clients with a warm and empathic presence and understands every person’s story is unique. He has an interest in early attachment trauma and its impact on the nervous system and adult relationships. Harry believes in peoples innate potential to grow from adversity and transform their lives - he is passionate about helping clients engage in this process.
(02) 9100 0568 View (02) 9100 0568
Photo of Natasha De Bellis, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Natasha De Bellis
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010  (Online Only)
Natasha is a passionate and caring registered psychologist who uses a solution-focused approach to help you explore and develop strategies to better cope with the challenges you may be facing. Natasha has over 15 years experience in the Workers compensation space and Natasha has extensive experiencing working with adults to help them manage with anxiety, adjustment issues, low self-esteem and postnatal depression. Natasha also has special interest in coaching, teaching assertiveness and parenting.
Natasha is a passionate and caring registered psychologist who uses a solution-focused approach to help you explore and develop strategies to better cope with the challenges you may be facing. Natasha has over 15 years experience in the Workers compensation space and Natasha has extensive experiencing working with adults to help them manage with anxiety, adjustment issues, low self-esteem and postnatal depression. Natasha also has special interest in coaching, teaching assertiveness and parenting.
1800 327 477 x1 View 1800 327 477 x1
Photo of Mary Gilbert, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
Mary Gilbert
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I am a Clinical Psychologist who is passionate about helping adults navigate various psychological and emotional challenges through increasing personal insight and the capacity for change. I am trained in treating various issues, some of which include anxiety, mood disorders, trauma, parenting difficulties, low self-esteem, communication and emotion-regulation difficulties. I provide a warm and collaborative space where challenges can be safely explored and worked through. I believe that a trusting and authentic relationship is integral to therapeutic progress and I place great emphasis on listening deeply and connecting.
I am a Clinical Psychologist who is passionate about helping adults navigate various psychological and emotional challenges through increasing personal insight and the capacity for change. I am trained in treating various issues, some of which include anxiety, mood disorders, trauma, parenting difficulties, low self-esteem, communication and emotion-regulation difficulties. I provide a warm and collaborative space where challenges can be safely explored and worked through. I believe that a trusting and authentic relationship is integral to therapeutic progress and I place great emphasis on listening deeply and connecting.
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Photo of August Gable, Psychologist in Surry Hills, NSW
August Gable
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Surry Hills, NSW 2010
I provide therapy for adults, adolescents, children, and families who are willing to take that first step towards change and a brighter future. I approach therapy collaboratively and help people find their own unique approach to overcome the challenges of life, and I ensure that this therapy is evidence-based. Instead of only focusing on the reasons that people come into therapy, I also focus on the strengths that can get someone back on their feet again.
I provide therapy for adults, adolescents, children, and families who are willing to take that first step towards change and a brighter future. I approach therapy collaboratively and help people find their own unique approach to overcome the challenges of life, and I ensure that this therapy is evidence-based. Instead of only focusing on the reasons that people come into therapy, I also focus on the strengths that can get someone back on their feet again.
(02) 9100 0874 View (02) 9100 0874

See more therapy options for Surry Hills

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Surry Hills, NSW

100+

Average cost per session

$190

Counsellors in Surry Hills, NSW who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
82% Stress
77% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
66% Trauma and PTSD
63% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Medicare Rebates
58% Bupa
53% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in Surry Hills, NSW see their clients

88% In Person and Online
12% Online Only

Gender breakdown

68% Female
32% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Surry Hills?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.