Counselling in Randwick, NSW

Photo of Jelena Djukic, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Jelena Djukic
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
I work with kids,parents and young people and since the Bondi attack I decided to open up my practice additional days to accomodate trauma survivors in our local community. I work Thursdays and Fridays.
I work with kids,parents and young people and since the Bondi attack I decided to open up my practice additional days to accomodate trauma survivors in our local community. I work Thursdays and Fridays.
(02) 9100 0326 View (02) 9100 0326
Photo of Celise de Carvalho, Counsellor in Randwick, NSW
Celise de Carvalho
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Does it feel like everyone else is gliding by as you tread water? You're not alone if you feel things aren’t going as smoothly as you want or seem to be for everyone else. Imagine if we can tease out what is standing in your way and get you feeling the way you want to feel - confident, calmer and clearer. It is possible and I can help you get there. I am passionate about reducing the impact worry, anxiety, grief and/or fear are having on your life. I will create a relationship with you that is safe and caring, providing you with the opportunity to explore and reflect at your own pace.
Does it feel like everyone else is gliding by as you tread water? You're not alone if you feel things aren’t going as smoothly as you want or seem to be for everyone else. Imagine if we can tease out what is standing in your way and get you feeling the way you want to feel - confident, calmer and clearer. It is possible and I can help you get there. I am passionate about reducing the impact worry, anxiety, grief and/or fear are having on your life. I will create a relationship with you that is safe and caring, providing you with the opportunity to explore and reflect at your own pace.
(02) 9100 0399 View (02) 9100 0399
Photo of Rebecca Stern Clinical Psychology, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Rebecca Stern Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
I am a Clinical Psychologist passionate about supporting individuals who are trying to heal from childhood trauma. I also work with individuals who have experienced single incident trauma. I also have ten years of experience supporting individuals who are working on their relationship with eating and body image concerns. I have supported many people diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. I also have a wealth of experience with anxiety, including OCD and depression, self esteem concerns as well as identity concerns.
I am a Clinical Psychologist passionate about supporting individuals who are trying to heal from childhood trauma. I also work with individuals who have experienced single incident trauma. I also have ten years of experience supporting individuals who are working on their relationship with eating and body image concerns. I have supported many people diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. I also have a wealth of experience with anxiety, including OCD and depression, self esteem concerns as well as identity concerns.
(02) 9100 0256 View (02) 9100 0256
Photo of Aneeka Bott, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Aneeka Bott
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
I am a Clinical Psychologist with a warm, personable and non-judgemental manner. I draw on a mixed therapeutic approach to best meet the needs and goals of the individual. I like to work collaboratively with clients to ensure they feel comfortable, heard, and supported. I have a particular interest in assisting individuals suffering from anxiety, depression, eating disorders or body image concerns, low self-esteem, and work-related stress or burnout.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with a warm, personable and non-judgemental manner. I draw on a mixed therapeutic approach to best meet the needs and goals of the individual. I like to work collaboratively with clients to ensure they feel comfortable, heard, and supported. I have a particular interest in assisting individuals suffering from anxiety, depression, eating disorders or body image concerns, low self-esteem, and work-related stress or burnout.
(02) 9100 0317 View (02) 9100 0317
Photo of Amelia Walker Counselling, Counsellor in Randwick, NSW
Amelia Walker Counselling
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Understanding how you experience the world is central to my work as a therapist. I am interested how feelings and thoughts can manifest in our bodies. Gentle exploration of these somatic responses can assist in deeper understanding of our emotional world. Working together, I would support you toward your self-acceptance of challenging thoughts and feelings. Alongside my private practice, I work with a national not-for-profit supporting parents experiencing antenatal and postnatal anxiety, depression and adjustment to parenthood - as a spokesperson, managing clinical intake and clinical writing.
Understanding how you experience the world is central to my work as a therapist. I am interested how feelings and thoughts can manifest in our bodies. Gentle exploration of these somatic responses can assist in deeper understanding of our emotional world. Working together, I would support you toward your self-acceptance of challenging thoughts and feelings. Alongside my private practice, I work with a national not-for-profit supporting parents experiencing antenatal and postnatal anxiety, depression and adjustment to parenthood - as a spokesperson, managing clinical intake and clinical writing.
(02) 8074 1904 View (02) 8074 1904
Photo of Elana Volanakis, Counsellor in Randwick, NSW
Elana Volanakis
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Elana and my passion has always been working with Young People (ages 12-25yrs), which is why I have done so for over a decade. My experiences working with; Young People in remote and city-based First Nations communities, addiction and in community mental health, have all shaped my understanding and method of working with Young People. My philosophy is very simple - Young People are the experts in their own lives. My role is to help support YOU (and your families/parents/carers) in working through your struggles and in achieving your mental health goals.
Hi, I'm Elana and my passion has always been working with Young People (ages 12-25yrs), which is why I have done so for over a decade. My experiences working with; Young People in remote and city-based First Nations communities, addiction and in community mental health, have all shaped my understanding and method of working with Young People. My philosophy is very simple - Young People are the experts in their own lives. My role is to help support YOU (and your families/parents/carers) in working through your struggles and in achieving your mental health goals.
(02) 9100 0312 View (02) 9100 0312
Hernan Luis Diaz
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Hi! I am a registered psychologist that works with adults and adolescent. My aim is to provide my clients with a space for healing, self improvement and to be heard without judgement. My approach to therapy/counselling is based on cognitive behavioural therapy, and is mixed with other approaches such a narrative therapy and schema therapy. I am passionate to tailoring therapy to individual client needs.
Hi! I am a registered psychologist that works with adults and adolescent. My aim is to provide my clients with a space for healing, self improvement and to be heard without judgement. My approach to therapy/counselling is based on cognitive behavioural therapy, and is mixed with other approaches such a narrative therapy and schema therapy. I am passionate to tailoring therapy to individual client needs.
(02) 9100 0507 View (02) 9100 0507
Photo of Kym Roylance, Counsellor in Randwick, NSW
Kym Roylance
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031  (Online Only)
I have developed my extensive knowledge and experience in supporting individuals, couples, families and health professionals to grow into the people they want to be and lead the life they want to lead. My experience has shown me that people make sense of who they are by being in relationship with another whilst feeling psychologically safe.
I have developed my extensive knowledge and experience in supporting individuals, couples, families and health professionals to grow into the people they want to be and lead the life they want to lead. My experience has shown me that people make sense of who they are by being in relationship with another whilst feeling psychologically safe.
(02) 9100 0663 View (02) 9100 0663
Photo of Chantelle Martyn, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Chantelle Martyn
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
I am a Clinical Psychologist at Support Space Psychology in Randwick. While I have experience in treating a wide range of mental health difficulties, my main passion is helping those suffering from anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. This interest was reflected in my research at both an undergraduate and postgraduate level and further developed while working at the Anxiety Treatment and Research Unit at Cumberland Hospital.
I am a Clinical Psychologist at Support Space Psychology in Randwick. While I have experience in treating a wide range of mental health difficulties, my main passion is helping those suffering from anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. This interest was reflected in my research at both an undergraduate and postgraduate level and further developed while working at the Anxiety Treatment and Research Unit at Cumberland Hospital.
(02) 9100 0294 View (02) 9100 0294
Photo of Blue Rabbit Psychology, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Blue Rabbit Psychology
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Suki is a collaboratively focused Psychologist with a passion for, and experience in working with children, adolescents and adults in educational and clinical settings. She has experience working across a range of psychological issues including mood disorders (depression and bi-polar), anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety and a range of childhood anxiety disorders and related conditions). She also has worked with clients helping them with relationship difficulties, sleep difficulties, substance abuse and major life changes. Suki is Medicare accredited, and member of the Australian Psychological Society.
Suki is a collaboratively focused Psychologist with a passion for, and experience in working with children, adolescents and adults in educational and clinical settings. She has experience working across a range of psychological issues including mood disorders (depression and bi-polar), anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety and a range of childhood anxiety disorders and related conditions). She also has worked with clients helping them with relationship difficulties, sleep difficulties, substance abuse and major life changes. Suki is Medicare accredited, and member of the Australian Psychological Society.
(02) 9159 6506 View (02) 9159 6506
Photo of Anna Pengue, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Anna Pengue
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Anna is an experienced and compassionate clinical psychologist who provides therapy to adolescents and adults. Anna completed her Masters of Psychology (Clinical) with distinction in 2012 and was awarded the Dean's Medal for this degree. She has worked in private practice since 2009. Anna co-founded East Sydney Psychologists in 2017 and since then has been providing therapy services to the local communities in the eastern suburbs.
Anna is an experienced and compassionate clinical psychologist who provides therapy to adolescents and adults. Anna completed her Masters of Psychology (Clinical) with distinction in 2012 and was awarded the Dean's Medal for this degree. She has worked in private practice since 2009. Anna co-founded East Sydney Psychologists in 2017 and since then has been providing therapy services to the local communities in the eastern suburbs.
(02) 9100 0684 View (02) 9100 0684
Photo of Nathanial John Petersen, Psychotherapist in Randwick, NSW
Nathanial John Petersen
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Randwick, NSW 2031
I came to be a Gestalt therapist because of my own lived experiences, and I’m proud to say the person I am today is because I had the courage to seek support. Therapy in my view is a safe place where you can come and truly be yourself, to be seen and heard free of judgment so you can explore who you are and how you are in the world. For me it’s all about the restoration of choice, to choose how you want to live, and my role is to support you through that process. Human beings are relational by nature, and it is in the relationship we have with ourselves and with others that we heal and grow.
I came to be a Gestalt therapist because of my own lived experiences, and I’m proud to say the person I am today is because I had the courage to seek support. Therapy in my view is a safe place where you can come and truly be yourself, to be seen and heard free of judgment so you can explore who you are and how you are in the world. For me it’s all about the restoration of choice, to choose how you want to live, and my role is to support you through that process. Human beings are relational by nature, and it is in the relationship we have with ourselves and with others that we heal and grow.
(02) 9100 0807 View (02) 9100 0807
Photo of Dion Alperstein, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Dion Alperstein
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
I am an experienced clinical psychologist that has benefited from working in public health. I work with adults of all ages across a broad range of presentations, including anxiety, mood, PTSD, relational trauma, substance use, trauma related to minority stress (e.g. HIV, LGBT+), stress related to major life events and individuals with personality disorders. I draw on a range of therapeutic modalities, using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Schema Therapy as foundations and incorporating Dialectical Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness, Narrative therapy and Motivational Interviewing.
I am an experienced clinical psychologist that has benefited from working in public health. I work with adults of all ages across a broad range of presentations, including anxiety, mood, PTSD, relational trauma, substance use, trauma related to minority stress (e.g. HIV, LGBT+), stress related to major life events and individuals with personality disorders. I draw on a range of therapeutic modalities, using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Schema Therapy as foundations and incorporating Dialectical Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness, Narrative therapy and Motivational Interviewing.
(02) 9100 0169 View (02) 9100 0169
Photo of Trish Risk, Counsellor in Randwick, NSW
Trish Risk
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Randwick, NSW 2031
Hi, I am Trish. Are you struggling with overthinking and managing intense emotions? Perhaps you are overwhelmed by the everyday stressors of life or struggling with a major life change - maybe you're unsure about the future of a relationship, or feel sad and stuck, not living the life you want to lead. Life can be overwhelming and I provide a safe and confidential space for you to unpack and process difficult thoughts, feelings and emotional experiences in order to understand yourself more deeply. As a Registered Counsellor I have the tools and professional experience to guide and support you.
Hi, I am Trish. Are you struggling with overthinking and managing intense emotions? Perhaps you are overwhelmed by the everyday stressors of life or struggling with a major life change - maybe you're unsure about the future of a relationship, or feel sad and stuck, not living the life you want to lead. Life can be overwhelming and I provide a safe and confidential space for you to unpack and process difficult thoughts, feelings and emotional experiences in order to understand yourself more deeply. As a Registered Counsellor I have the tools and professional experience to guide and support you.
(02) 9100 0744 View (02) 9100 0744
Photo of Good Life Psychology Practice Randwick , Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Good Life Psychology Practice Randwick
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Peggy's focus is providing individuals with support in a caring, non-judgemental, safe space using evidence based therapy and counselling to help each person reach their optimal wellbeing for a good life.
Peggy's focus is providing individuals with support in a caring, non-judgemental, safe space using evidence based therapy and counselling to help each person reach their optimal wellbeing for a good life.
(02) 9100 0044 View (02) 9100 0044
Photo of Jamie De Bruyn, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Jamie De Bruyn
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Randwick, NSW 2031
Im passionate about helping people restore their sense of self-worth and confidence in order to regain control over their lives. I work with a wide variety of adults and adolescents in crisis, and people experiencing ongoing mental health issues (such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD) as a result of adversity, trauma, and violence. I empower individuals who have experienced adversity and oppression, through exploring existing competencies, strengths and inherent resilience. I’m person-centred, flexible and practical, ensuring you feel supported, and your individual needs are addressed in a non-judgemental and open environment
Im passionate about helping people restore their sense of self-worth and confidence in order to regain control over their lives. I work with a wide variety of adults and adolescents in crisis, and people experiencing ongoing mental health issues (such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD) as a result of adversity, trauma, and violence. I empower individuals who have experienced adversity and oppression, through exploring existing competencies, strengths and inherent resilience. I’m person-centred, flexible and practical, ensuring you feel supported, and your individual needs are addressed in a non-judgemental and open environment
(02) 7201 5086 View (02) 7201 5086
Photo of Natasha Rawson, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Natasha Rawson
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
Natasha is a warm and empathic Clinical Psychologist who has had extensive experience across multiple domains of mental health challenges. Her approach is focused on your goals and she is motivated to work with you to draw on your personal resources, along with the latest in evidence-based techniques to help address your concerns. Along with private practice work, Natasha worked for 14 years in a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder treatment and clinical research unit, and has been working for ten years as a supervisor, training Clinical Psychologists at the Masters level of university training.
Natasha is a warm and empathic Clinical Psychologist who has had extensive experience across multiple domains of mental health challenges. Her approach is focused on your goals and she is motivated to work with you to draw on your personal resources, along with the latest in evidence-based techniques to help address your concerns. Along with private practice work, Natasha worked for 14 years in a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder treatment and clinical research unit, and has been working for ten years as a supervisor, training Clinical Psychologists at the Masters level of university training.
(02) 9100 0053 View (02) 9100 0053
Photo of Oak Psychology Space, Psychologist in Randwick, NSW
Oak Psychology Space
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
People see psychologists for a range of reasons. It could be that you’re feeling overwhelmed or stressed, finding it hard to motivate yourself, feeling confused or consumed by worry, having trouble sleeping, having trouble with relationships, or just feeling "stuck" and unable to move on. Oak Psychology Space offers a caring, non-judgemental space where you can be yourself and share your unique story. We would be honoured to share your journey towards living the life you want. Medicare rebates are available if you have a GP Mental Health Care Plan and referral. Contact Oak to find out more.
People see psychologists for a range of reasons. It could be that you’re feeling overwhelmed or stressed, finding it hard to motivate yourself, feeling confused or consumed by worry, having trouble sleeping, having trouble with relationships, or just feeling "stuck" and unable to move on. Oak Psychology Space offers a caring, non-judgemental space where you can be yourself and share your unique story. We would be honoured to share your journey towards living the life you want. Medicare rebates are available if you have a GP Mental Health Care Plan and referral. Contact Oak to find out more.
(02) 9100 0912 View (02) 9100 0912
Photo of Fiona Giles, Psychotherapist in Randwick, NSW
Fiona Giles
Psychotherapist, PhD, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Randwick, NSW 2031
You are looking for a safe, gentle and professional counsellor/psychotherapist to listen attentively and compassionately to your concerns, validate your feelings and explore your challenges, so that we can collaboratively discover what's best for you at this stage of your life. Your issues may be to do with managing overwhelming changes, such as grief and loss or life-stage transitions, understanding your family history, or integrating elements of your past. Or you might be more focused on handling everyday concerns such as anxiety, mood and motivation, or simply habits of thought and behaviour that you'd like to change.
You are looking for a safe, gentle and professional counsellor/psychotherapist to listen attentively and compassionately to your concerns, validate your feelings and explore your challenges, so that we can collaboratively discover what's best for you at this stage of your life. Your issues may be to do with managing overwhelming changes, such as grief and loss or life-stage transitions, understanding your family history, or integrating elements of your past. Or you might be more focused on handling everyday concerns such as anxiety, mood and motivation, or simply habits of thought and behaviour that you'd like to change.
(02) 9100 0309 View (02) 9100 0309
Photo of Enisa Kurtanovich, Psychotherapist in Randwick, NSW
Enisa Kurtanovich
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Randwick, NSW 2031
I am a qualified Clinical Psychotherapist and approved Victim services Counsellor with over two decades of global experience in various therapy customer focused roles. My core goal is to provide a safe space where compassion and meaning is vital to your current lived experience. My work with clients has come about from a diverse cultural backgrounds, within a client centred, integrative and solution focused approach to address communication, emotion regulation and behavioural issues, including trauma, depression, anxiety, drug, and alcohol use, relationship issues as well as those living with domestic violence & cancer.
I am a qualified Clinical Psychotherapist and approved Victim services Counsellor with over two decades of global experience in various therapy customer focused roles. My core goal is to provide a safe space where compassion and meaning is vital to your current lived experience. My work with clients has come about from a diverse cultural backgrounds, within a client centred, integrative and solution focused approach to address communication, emotion regulation and behavioural issues, including trauma, depression, anxiety, drug, and alcohol use, relationship issues as well as those living with domestic violence & cancer.
(02) 9100 0634 View (02) 9100 0634

See more therapy options for Randwick

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Randwick, NSW

90+

Average cost per session

$200

Counsellors in Randwick, NSW who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
85% Depression
81% Self Esteem
81% Stress
78% Relationship Issues
65% Trauma and PTSD
59% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Medicare Rebates
60% Medibank Private
56% Bupa

How Counsellors in Randwick, NSW see their clients

94% In Person and Online
6% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Randwick?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.