Counselling in Brunswick, VIC

Photo of Jayne Glover - Elysium Psychology in Brunswick, VIC
Jayne Glover - Elysium Psychology
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Call Elysium Psychology today on 0491 709 555 - Jayne (she/her) believes connection, understanding and collaboration between herself and her clients is central to facilitating change and growth. She is passionate about building a strong, trusting therapeutic relationship, where clients feel safe and supported to disclose information, reflect upon experiences and work towards goals. Jayne has worked with clients in forensic, mental health and alcohol and other drug services. She recognises the importance of tailoring approaches and interventions to best suit the client.
Call Elysium Psychology today on 0491 709 555 - Jayne (she/her) believes connection, understanding and collaboration between herself and her clients is central to facilitating change and growth. She is passionate about building a strong, trusting therapeutic relationship, where clients feel safe and supported to disclose information, reflect upon experiences and work towards goals. Jayne has worked with clients in forensic, mental health and alcohol and other drug services. She recognises the importance of tailoring approaches and interventions to best suit the client.
(03) 9994 1703 View (03) 9994 1703
Photo of Luke Bamford, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Luke Bamford
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I like the therapy room to be warm and welcoming. I enjoy working with teens and adults struggling with a range of issues, no matter how complex or longstanding. I am also culturally sensitive and LGBTIQA+ inclusive. I have experience working with issues like depression, anxiety, stress, anger, PTSD and trauma, grief and loss, domestic violence, interpersonal/relationship issues, chronic pain/illness and neurodiverse people (ADHD/ASD).
I like the therapy room to be warm and welcoming. I enjoy working with teens and adults struggling with a range of issues, no matter how complex or longstanding. I am also culturally sensitive and LGBTIQA+ inclusive. I have experience working with issues like depression, anxiety, stress, anger, PTSD and trauma, grief and loss, domestic violence, interpersonal/relationship issues, chronic pain/illness and neurodiverse people (ADHD/ASD).
(03) 7003 2227 View (03) 7003 2227
Photo of Dr Ahona Guha, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Dr Ahona Guha
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Waitlist for new clients
Sometimes life can just feel hard, and you might not be quite sure why. Perhaps you feel like stress is mounting, or find yourself anxious, or often feel depressed. Maybe you have difficulties with relationships, or know that you have a history of trauma, but have never explored it in depth. You might be starting to think about making some changes, but might be unsure where to start. Using a warm, collaborative approach and a range of evidence-based therapies, together we will explore and understand the difficulties you bring to the therapy room, change long-standing patterns, and help you build new ways of coping and being.
Sometimes life can just feel hard, and you might not be quite sure why. Perhaps you feel like stress is mounting, or find yourself anxious, or often feel depressed. Maybe you have difficulties with relationships, or know that you have a history of trauma, but have never explored it in depth. You might be starting to think about making some changes, but might be unsure where to start. Using a warm, collaborative approach and a range of evidence-based therapies, together we will explore and understand the difficulties you bring to the therapy room, change long-standing patterns, and help you build new ways of coping and being.
(03) 7003 2832 View (03) 7003 2832
Photo of Lisa Torney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Lisa Torney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Sexual or relationship concerns can be difficult to talk about and may negatively impact our emotional well-being and mental health. Often people tell me they have not felt comfortable discussing sexuality with other therapists and seek me out to explore issues of concern without judgement. As an accredited psychosexual therapist and mental health social worker I have worked for nearly 30 years supporting people to improve their sexual and interpersonal relationships, manage depression, anxiety, low self esteem, body image issues, sexual pleasure post trauma, grief, loss, communication difficulties and other concerns.
Sexual or relationship concerns can be difficult to talk about and may negatively impact our emotional well-being and mental health. Often people tell me they have not felt comfortable discussing sexuality with other therapists and seek me out to explore issues of concern without judgement. As an accredited psychosexual therapist and mental health social worker I have worked for nearly 30 years supporting people to improve their sexual and interpersonal relationships, manage depression, anxiety, low self esteem, body image issues, sexual pleasure post trauma, grief, loss, communication difficulties and other concerns.
(03) 9118 9063 View (03) 9118 9063
Photo of Brendan Partridge, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Brendan Partridge
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I am a Clinical Psychologist readily available to assist you in understanding and improving your quality of life. I have extensive public/private sector experience in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders for those aged 12 years & above. I have a worked closely with a broad age, cultural, and gender diverse demographic, helping people work through a range presenting issues. My expertise includes adolescent mental health, men's mental health, relationship and family stressors, trauma, workplace injury, personality disorders, grief & loss, anger management, and substance use issues.
I am a Clinical Psychologist readily available to assist you in understanding and improving your quality of life. I have extensive public/private sector experience in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders for those aged 12 years & above. I have a worked closely with a broad age, cultural, and gender diverse demographic, helping people work through a range presenting issues. My expertise includes adolescent mental health, men's mental health, relationship and family stressors, trauma, workplace injury, personality disorders, grief & loss, anger management, and substance use issues.
(02) 4504 0257 View (02) 4504 0257
Photo of Northern Clinical Psychology , Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Northern Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056  (Online Only)
Sometimes we don't know exactly what we need help with, but we know something needs to change. You might feel anxious or sad without an obvious explanation; or have a desire to improve your self-esteem, or get over a painful break-up. You may have experienced trauma. Using a collaborative and empathic therapeutic approach grounded in evidence-based practice, I support you to make meaning of the feelings and thoughts that contribute to psychological and emotional distress. We work together to find new, adaptive ways of being that improve your quality of life, create positive coping habits, and break unhelpful relationship patterns.
Sometimes we don't know exactly what we need help with, but we know something needs to change. You might feel anxious or sad without an obvious explanation; or have a desire to improve your self-esteem, or get over a painful break-up. You may have experienced trauma. Using a collaborative and empathic therapeutic approach grounded in evidence-based practice, I support you to make meaning of the feelings and thoughts that contribute to psychological and emotional distress. We work together to find new, adaptive ways of being that improve your quality of life, create positive coping habits, and break unhelpful relationship patterns.
(03) 8338 4169 View (03) 8338 4169
Photo of Amy Howell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Amy Howell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I’m Amy, I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have been working and volunteering in communities for over 12 years. I am passionate about supporting people to develop a sense of self and a meaningful life. I mostly work with young adults, but I am open to working with all ages. I work alongside people with a thoughtful and empowering style to help people understand the challenges they are facing in the context of their life, and seek to strengthen emotional, social and mental health. I believe that therapy can offer a wonderful platform for self-discovery and personal growth.
I’m Amy, I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have been working and volunteering in communities for over 12 years. I am passionate about supporting people to develop a sense of self and a meaningful life. I mostly work with young adults, but I am open to working with all ages. I work alongside people with a thoughtful and empowering style to help people understand the challenges they are facing in the context of their life, and seek to strengthen emotional, social and mental health. I believe that therapy can offer a wonderful platform for self-discovery and personal growth.
(03) 7003 2173 View (03) 7003 2173
Photo of Lindsay Thomas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Lindsay Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
My name is Lindsay, I have over 20 years experience working with people who have experienced abuse and trauma.
My name is Lindsay, I have over 20 years experience working with people who have experienced abuse and trauma.
(03) 8338 4847 View (03) 8338 4847
Photo of Louis Spence, Psychotherapist in Brunswick, VIC
Louis Spence
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Louis is an integrative psychotherapist who offers ongoing individual psychotherapy to people of all kinds. They specialise in working with LGBTQIA+ people and their families, people in non-normative relationships, workers in the sex industry, and others whose experiences of marginalisation have affected their mental health and access to affirmative treatment. They are passionate about exploring the intersections of individual mental health and systemic forces, and helping clients to find congruent and meaningful ways of understanding their experiences and navigating the world.
Louis is an integrative psychotherapist who offers ongoing individual psychotherapy to people of all kinds. They specialise in working with LGBTQIA+ people and their families, people in non-normative relationships, workers in the sex industry, and others whose experiences of marginalisation have affected their mental health and access to affirmative treatment. They are passionate about exploring the intersections of individual mental health and systemic forces, and helping clients to find congruent and meaningful ways of understanding their experiences and navigating the world.
(02) 4504 0330 View (02) 4504 0330
Photo of Ruby K Swaid, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Ruby K Swaid
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
In my practice I work with individuals above the age of 17 years, in person or over Telehealth. I have extensive experience working with individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, one of my key strengths is the provision of culturally-sensitive therapy. I am an LGBTQI+ aware and affirmative clinician, a multi-lingual therapist, I am fluent and can provide therapy in English and Arabic. I support people who present with the following: Trauma (PTSD and cPTSD), Anxiety and Depression, Borderline Personality Disorder, Self-Esteem issues, Stress and Burnout, Adjustment to major life transitions, Grief and Loss
In my practice I work with individuals above the age of 17 years, in person or over Telehealth. I have extensive experience working with individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, one of my key strengths is the provision of culturally-sensitive therapy. I am an LGBTQI+ aware and affirmative clinician, a multi-lingual therapist, I am fluent and can provide therapy in English and Arabic. I support people who present with the following: Trauma (PTSD and cPTSD), Anxiety and Depression, Borderline Personality Disorder, Self-Esteem issues, Stress and Burnout, Adjustment to major life transitions, Grief and Loss
(03) 7037 6932 View (03) 7037 6932
Photo of Owen Lello, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Owen Lello
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Not accepting new clients
I am an integrative practitioner, drawing on several different approaches to tailor treatment to each individual, particularly psychodynamic and somatic theories which focus on the therapeutic relationship and the way the body holds onto our emotional experiences respectively. However, I also utilise cognitive and behavioural approaches when appropriate. I also believe that understanding a person’s past and growth and development is important in understanding their present situation, so find it useful to explore people’s upbringing and relationship history as part of the treatment process.
I am an integrative practitioner, drawing on several different approaches to tailor treatment to each individual, particularly psychodynamic and somatic theories which focus on the therapeutic relationship and the way the body holds onto our emotional experiences respectively. However, I also utilise cognitive and behavioural approaches when appropriate. I also believe that understanding a person’s past and growth and development is important in understanding their present situation, so find it useful to explore people’s upbringing and relationship history as part of the treatment process.
(03) 7003 2039 View (03) 7003 2039
Photo of Matthew Cartwright, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Matthew Cartwright
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Accessing a safe space that provides professional support to address challenges and build a way forward is of great comfort in times of change and distress. My approach focuses on collaboration to enhance resilience, insight, and emotional regulation within an evidence-based framework. Each session is tailored to the individual using therapies inclusive of cognitive, behavioural, acceptance and interpersonal approaches. People who see me are supported to safely explore their difficulties and develop practical strategies to meet their individual needs.
Accessing a safe space that provides professional support to address challenges and build a way forward is of great comfort in times of change and distress. My approach focuses on collaboration to enhance resilience, insight, and emotional regulation within an evidence-based framework. Each session is tailored to the individual using therapies inclusive of cognitive, behavioural, acceptance and interpersonal approaches. People who see me are supported to safely explore their difficulties and develop practical strategies to meet their individual needs.
(03) 7003 2557 View (03) 7003 2557
Photo of Dr Arran Rose, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Dr Arran Rose
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056  (Online Only)
I am a clinical and forensic psychologist and supervisor who is dedicated to providing the best possible support to my clients across a range of settings. I I have provided psychological support to clients experiencing anxiety, depression, PTSD, ADHD, psychosis, substance use issues, grief and relationship issues, as well as working with people who are neurodivergent. I take a collaborative and evidence based approach with my clients to ensure we acheive the best possible outcomes.
I am a clinical and forensic psychologist and supervisor who is dedicated to providing the best possible support to my clients across a range of settings. I I have provided psychological support to clients experiencing anxiety, depression, PTSD, ADHD, psychosis, substance use issues, grief and relationship issues, as well as working with people who are neurodivergent. I take a collaborative and evidence based approach with my clients to ensure we acheive the best possible outcomes.
(03) 9344 1573 x613 View (03) 9344 1573 x613
Photo of Dean Hilton in Brunswick, VIC
Dean Hilton
MA
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I am an individual, couples, and family therapist with many years of experience working with people with complex mental health presentations, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), NDIS, as well as drug & alcohol issues. I completed my Clinical Masters in Systemic Family Therapy at The Bouverie Centre, La Trobe University. I am a IFS - Internal Family Systems Therapist with training in Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) - the gold standard treatment for PTSD and trauma as outlined by the World Health Organisation. I am also skilled in the therapeutic approach of Havening as well as somatic-based interventions.
I am an individual, couples, and family therapist with many years of experience working with people with complex mental health presentations, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), NDIS, as well as drug & alcohol issues. I completed my Clinical Masters in Systemic Family Therapy at The Bouverie Centre, La Trobe University. I am a IFS - Internal Family Systems Therapist with training in Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) - the gold standard treatment for PTSD and trauma as outlined by the World Health Organisation. I am also skilled in the therapeutic approach of Havening as well as somatic-based interventions.
(03) 7003 2716 View (03) 7003 2716
Photo of They/Them/Us Mental Health Occupational Therapy, Occupational Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
They/Them/Us Mental Health Occupational Therapy
Occupational Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
They/Them/Us offer a client centred and culturally inclusive, safe trauma informed space supporting emotional, physical and pyschological safety. A collaborative approach to developing a Therapeutic plan is based on your needs, strengths, values and goals.
They/Them/Us offer a client centred and culturally inclusive, safe trauma informed space supporting emotional, physical and pyschological safety. A collaborative approach to developing a Therapeutic plan is based on your needs, strengths, values and goals.
(03) 9111 5377 View (03) 9111 5377
Photo of Helen Fearnley, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Helen Fearnley
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
It is normal to feel challenged by life at times. However, if you feel stuck, or overwhelmed, perhaps I can help. I offer both individual therapy and relationship therapy, to assist you with navigating life's challenges. I have over a dozen years of experience which includes general mental health, sexual health and wellbeing, attachment issues, trauma and forensic issues. I have worked in hospital settings and forensic settings, as well as private practice, before starting my own practice - Epiphany Psychology Services. My therapy style is affirming, inclusive, nonjudgmental and warm. I offer both online and in-person appointments.
It is normal to feel challenged by life at times. However, if you feel stuck, or overwhelmed, perhaps I can help. I offer both individual therapy and relationship therapy, to assist you with navigating life's challenges. I have over a dozen years of experience which includes general mental health, sexual health and wellbeing, attachment issues, trauma and forensic issues. I have worked in hospital settings and forensic settings, as well as private practice, before starting my own practice - Epiphany Psychology Services. My therapy style is affirming, inclusive, nonjudgmental and warm. I offer both online and in-person appointments.
(03) 9118 9060 View (03) 9118 9060
Photo of Yukti Prakash Mehta, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Yukti Prakash Mehta
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I am passionate about providing holistic care that combines evidence-based treatments and respecting the lived experiences of clients presenting with eating disorders, poor body image, personality disorder, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, low self-worth, as well as school and work-related stress.
I am passionate about providing holistic care that combines evidence-based treatments and respecting the lived experiences of clients presenting with eating disorders, poor body image, personality disorder, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, low self-worth, as well as school and work-related stress.
(03) 7003 2138 View (03) 7003 2138
Photo of Therapy together, Psychotherapist in Brunswick, VIC
Therapy together
Psychotherapist, AAFT
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Providing therapy sessions for children, adults and families, Gaynor has been working in mental health and trauma for 25 years. Passionate about supporting people through life’s stressors and the tough stuff that happens in families.
Providing therapy sessions for children, adults and families, Gaynor has been working in mental health and trauma for 25 years. Passionate about supporting people through life’s stressors and the tough stuff that happens in families.
0491 634 845 View 0491 634 845
Photo of Thomas Reiner, Counsellor in Brunswick, VIC
Thomas Reiner
Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
My counselling approach is person-centred and strength-based. You are invited to speak openly, without being judged or being told what to do. My counselling creates a sounding board for things you might want to talk about and provides a space to explore what you might like to do differently, achieve, or just understand better.
My counselling approach is person-centred and strength-based. You are invited to speak openly, without being judged or being told what to do. My counselling creates a sounding board for things you might want to talk about and provides a space to explore what you might like to do differently, achieve, or just understand better.
(03) 8338 4744 View (03) 8338 4744
Photo of Lee , Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Lee
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Lee has a passion and special interest in working with clients experiencing obsessions/compulsions often referred to as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Lee takes onboard how sometimes deciding to go to therapy for some people can be an overwhelming experience. He believes that mental health improvements are based upon an authentic connection between both the psychologist and client. Lee works with a range of different mental health conditions such anxiety, depression, self-esteem, life transitions, (adult autism- counselling) and psychosis. Lee has worked across both public, private settings.
Lee has a passion and special interest in working with clients experiencing obsessions/compulsions often referred to as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Lee takes onboard how sometimes deciding to go to therapy for some people can be an overwhelming experience. He believes that mental health improvements are based upon an authentic connection between both the psychologist and client. Lee works with a range of different mental health conditions such anxiety, depression, self-esteem, life transitions, (adult autism- counselling) and psychosis. Lee has worked across both public, private settings.
(03) 9111 5370 View (03) 9111 5370

See more therapy options for Brunswick

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Brunswick, VIC

200+

Average cost per session

$190

Counsellors in Brunswick, VIC who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
81% Stress
80% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
74% Trauma and PTSD
63% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Medicare Rebates
44% Bupa
44% NDIS

How Counsellors in Brunswick, VIC see their clients

89% In Person and Online
11% Online Only

Gender breakdown

68% Female
29% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Brunswick?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.