Photo of Chris Carter, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Chris Carter
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a psychologist with experience working with adults and adolescents in clinical mental health, depression, anxiety, trauma, forensics and addiction. I work with adults with depression, anxiety, personality difficulties and substance use, as well as family and relationship issues, gender and sexuality, anger, life direction, trauma, abuse, self harm and suicidal thoughts. I listen without judgment and provide psychotherapy that is tailored to each individual, the work is confidential.
I am a psychologist with experience working with adults and adolescents in clinical mental health, depression, anxiety, trauma, forensics and addiction. I work with adults with depression, anxiety, personality difficulties and substance use, as well as family and relationship issues, gender and sexuality, anger, life direction, trauma, abuse, self harm and suicidal thoughts. I listen without judgment and provide psychotherapy that is tailored to each individual, the work is confidential.
(03) 9111 5364 View (03) 9111 5364
Photo of Jamie Lopes, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Jamie Lopes
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Prov
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am an emotion-based therapist, passionate in helping individuals and couples navigate the complexities of life's challenges. I bring over a decade of experience working with a diverse range of clients across various ages and backgrounds. I am trained and skilled in integrating various evidence-based approaches, including Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), to tailor treatment to your unique needs. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or navigating existential concerns, I can walk alongside you on your journey towards healing and growth.
I am an emotion-based therapist, passionate in helping individuals and couples navigate the complexities of life's challenges. I bring over a decade of experience working with a diverse range of clients across various ages and backgrounds. I am trained and skilled in integrating various evidence-based approaches, including Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), to tailor treatment to your unique needs. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or navigating existential concerns, I can walk alongside you on your journey towards healing and growth.
View
Photo of Jesse Hooper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlton, VIC
Jesse Hooper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I have a rich background in assisting adults from various communities and lived experiences, including those within the LGBTIQ+ spectrum, as well as individuals from CALD (Culturally and Linguistically Diverse) backgrounds and those with disabilities. I am here to support you through life’s challenges, including anxiety, depression, grief, loss, and trauma. Located 5 minutes walk from Melbourne Museum and a short walk from Parliament Station.
I have a rich background in assisting adults from various communities and lived experiences, including those within the LGBTIQ+ spectrum, as well as individuals from CALD (Culturally and Linguistically Diverse) backgrounds and those with disabilities. I am here to support you through life’s challenges, including anxiety, depression, grief, loss, and trauma. Located 5 minutes walk from Melbourne Museum and a short walk from Parliament Station.
(03) 9133 2122 View (03) 9133 2122
Photo of Helen Krstev, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Helen Krstev
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality related issues.
I am a clinical psychologist in full-time practice, with experience working since 2004 with adults and families in both public and private sectors. Previously, I worked at Orygen Youth Health, delivered post-graduate clinical training at The University of Melbourne, lectured to clinical Masters students at The Cairnmillar Institute, and have published papers and books on psychotherapy. I provide psychoanalytic therapy, supervise colleagues and students, and work with people with complex presentations. My fees are on a sliding scale.
I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality related issues.
I am a clinical psychologist in full-time practice, with experience working since 2004 with adults and families in both public and private sectors. Previously, I worked at Orygen Youth Health, delivered post-graduate clinical training at The University of Melbourne, lectured to clinical Masters students at The Cairnmillar Institute, and have published papers and books on psychotherapy. I provide psychoanalytic therapy, supervise colleagues and students, and work with people with complex presentations. My fees are on a sliding scale.
0406 970 548 View 0406 970 548
Photo of Paco Romeu, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlton, VIC
Paco Romeu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSc, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a psychotherapist and an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have particular expertise in trauma, abuse and related complications, emotional dysregulation and preoccupation with sexual activities. These are often woven into the person’s emotional world and can manifest in a range of issues including depression, panic attacks, obsessive thinking, mood swings, and substance misuse. My practice is psychoanalytically oriented and focuses on the notion of listening deeply to each person and their uniqueness. It offers a space in which their sadness, despair and anxieties, and also enjoyment, are heard and reflected upon.
I am a psychotherapist and an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have particular expertise in trauma, abuse and related complications, emotional dysregulation and preoccupation with sexual activities. These are often woven into the person’s emotional world and can manifest in a range of issues including depression, panic attacks, obsessive thinking, mood swings, and substance misuse. My practice is psychoanalytically oriented and focuses on the notion of listening deeply to each person and their uniqueness. It offers a space in which their sadness, despair and anxieties, and also enjoyment, are heard and reflected upon.
(02) 4504 0169 View (02) 4504 0169
Photo of Dr Jonathan Kettle, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Dr Jonathan Kettle
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a clinical psychologist with more than 15 years' experience in full-time practice. Earlier in my career, I was the Head of Clinical Practice at The Cairnmillar Institute, and a senior psychologist in public mental health. I work with adults and adolescents with a range of issues detailed below. I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality issues. My approach is to work with you at your pace as your treatment unfolds over time.
I am a clinical psychologist with more than 15 years' experience in full-time practice. Earlier in my career, I was the Head of Clinical Practice at The Cairnmillar Institute, and a senior psychologist in public mental health. I work with adults and adolescents with a range of issues detailed below. I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality issues. My approach is to work with you at your pace as your treatment unfolds over time.
0414 446 403 View 0414 446 403
Photo of Cindy Tanghal, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Cindy Tanghal
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
In my practice, I provide professional, empathetic and validating psychological support and treatment to individuals with Emotion dysregulation; Major Depression; Bi-Polar Affective Disorders; Adjustment Disorder; Anxiety disorders; Social Anxiety; Eating Disorders; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Personality Disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); Complex trauma presentations such as self-harm, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and relationship instability; Drug & alcohol and other Addictive Behaviours. Additionally, ​I am a Board approved (AHPRA) psychology supervisor.
In my practice, I provide professional, empathetic and validating psychological support and treatment to individuals with Emotion dysregulation; Major Depression; Bi-Polar Affective Disorders; Adjustment Disorder; Anxiety disorders; Social Anxiety; Eating Disorders; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Personality Disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); Complex trauma presentations such as self-harm, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and relationship instability; Drug & alcohol and other Addictive Behaviours. Additionally, ​I am a Board approved (AHPRA) psychology supervisor.
(03) 7003 2463 View (03) 7003 2463
Photo of Trina Fazio, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Trina Fazio
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
Whether the problem that has brought you here is something recent, or has been an issue for a long time, I can help you to clearly understand the problem and identify the specific things we need to do in therapy for you to see some healthy change. Without you feeling overwhelmed, we will address the unconscious patterns that work against you and build your emotional capacity to prevent the problems creeping back in. My eight years experience in the mental health field has included helping people with depression, anxiety, family and relationship problems, psychosomatic issues, low self-esteem, trauma and addictions.
Whether the problem that has brought you here is something recent, or has been an issue for a long time, I can help you to clearly understand the problem and identify the specific things we need to do in therapy for you to see some healthy change. Without you feeling overwhelmed, we will address the unconscious patterns that work against you and build your emotional capacity to prevent the problems creeping back in. My eight years experience in the mental health field has included helping people with depression, anxiety, family and relationship problems, psychosomatic issues, low self-esteem, trauma and addictions.
(03) 9118 9088 View (03) 9118 9088
Photo of Patrick Ruggles, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Patrick Ruggles
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Patrick is an experienced psychotherapist drawing on his studies in both Existential Psychotherapy and Lacanian Psychoanalysis. His approach assists individuals in working through somewhat insoluble issues to bring relief from existential malaise, depression, anxiety, repetitive interpersonal difficulties, and somatic disturbances. Patrick has worked in a multitude of professional settings with adolescents, adults, and couples. In addition, he has significant experience working with neurodiversity as well as gender and sexual diversity. Patricks experience has led to a deep appreciation of the complexities of being-in-the-world.
Patrick is an experienced psychotherapist drawing on his studies in both Existential Psychotherapy and Lacanian Psychoanalysis. His approach assists individuals in working through somewhat insoluble issues to bring relief from existential malaise, depression, anxiety, repetitive interpersonal difficulties, and somatic disturbances. Patrick has worked in a multitude of professional settings with adolescents, adults, and couples. In addition, he has significant experience working with neurodiversity as well as gender and sexual diversity. Patricks experience has led to a deep appreciation of the complexities of being-in-the-world.
View
Photo of Think Good Psychology, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Think Good Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I have special interest in anxiety, relationship struggles, and trauma.
I am a counselling psychologist with over 10 years experience in mental health. I see people aged 18 & above with various challenges. A lot of us, regardless of our background and experiences, struggle with emotional regulation & emotional expression We also just want to be seen & heard. I prioritise building a strong relationship with my clients, & provide an understanding environment where expression is welcomed & there's no judgement. I choose Telehealth - it provides access to me from anywhere(even when your on holiday or a break at work), & is convenience in our busy society. Let's work together.
I have special interest in anxiety, relationship struggles, and trauma.
I am a counselling psychologist with over 10 years experience in mental health. I see people aged 18 & above with various challenges. A lot of us, regardless of our background and experiences, struggle with emotional regulation & emotional expression We also just want to be seen & heard. I prioritise building a strong relationship with my clients, & provide an understanding environment where expression is welcomed & there's no judgement. I choose Telehealth - it provides access to me from anywhere(even when your on holiday or a break at work), & is convenience in our busy society. Let's work together.
(03) 7003 2833 View (03) 7003 2833
Photo of Claudia Allison Counselling & Psychotherapy, Counsellor in Carlton, VIC
Claudia Allison Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a Counsellor and Psychotherapist who works from a wholistic, trauma-informed, social justice framework. I believe that each client is unique and individual and I use a client-centred approach. It is important that you feel empowered and in control of the sessions which means that we will work together to find out what works for you and your needs. Areas I am particularly interested in are self-esteem and self-growth, trauma healing, managing anxiety and gender and sexuality exploration.
I am a Counsellor and Psychotherapist who works from a wholistic, trauma-informed, social justice framework. I believe that each client is unique and individual and I use a client-centred approach. It is important that you feel empowered and in control of the sessions which means that we will work together to find out what works for you and your needs. Areas I am particularly interested in are self-esteem and self-growth, trauma healing, managing anxiety and gender and sexuality exploration.
(03) 9344 1562 View (03) 9344 1562
Photo of Lee Cubis, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Lee Cubis
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 18 years working in the health and disability sectors (as a support worker, assistant in nursing and Psychologist). I have an interest in working with people from LGBTQIA+ populations including individuals and relationship work. I have a strong understanding of the many ways that intimate relationships are structured. I als work with adults from all populations to manage anxiety disorders using effective and evidence-based interventions. I have a further interest in working with adults with disability including acquired brain injury, intellectual disability, ASD, and neuro-degenerative disease.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 18 years working in the health and disability sectors (as a support worker, assistant in nursing and Psychologist). I have an interest in working with people from LGBTQIA+ populations including individuals and relationship work. I have a strong understanding of the many ways that intimate relationships are structured. I als work with adults from all populations to manage anxiety disorders using effective and evidence-based interventions. I have a further interest in working with adults with disability including acquired brain injury, intellectual disability, ASD, and neuro-degenerative disease.
(03) 6316 1110 View (03) 6316 1110
Photo of Tialara Harris, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Tialara Harris
Psychologist, PsyBA Prov
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
My focus is on sleep-related difficulties such as insomnia, as well as a range of mental health concerns such as depression, anxiety, worry, stress, burnout, trauma, & PTSD.
I am a Provisional Psychologist dedicated to providing engaging, warm, & compassionate psychological services that are tailored to meet the unique needs of each individual. I believe in working collaboratively with my clients to build strong therapeutic relationships, improve overall wellbeing, & achieve personal goals. My approach to therapy is grounded in creating a thoughtful & open space for clients to explore themselves & their experiences, while actively listening & reflecting on their situations to provide individualised treatment.
My focus is on sleep-related difficulties such as insomnia, as well as a range of mental health concerns such as depression, anxiety, worry, stress, burnout, trauma, & PTSD.
I am a Provisional Psychologist dedicated to providing engaging, warm, & compassionate psychological services that are tailored to meet the unique needs of each individual. I believe in working collaboratively with my clients to build strong therapeutic relationships, improve overall wellbeing, & achieve personal goals. My approach to therapy is grounded in creating a thoughtful & open space for clients to explore themselves & their experiences, while actively listening & reflecting on their situations to provide individualised treatment.
(03) 7003 2873 View (03) 7003 2873
Photo of eden brown Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
eden brown Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Waitlist for new clients
I specialise in trauma, sexual assault, anger issues, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, life transition, grief & loss, family violence, BIPOC, LGBTIQ+ and gender diverse related issues.
I offer confidential, non-judgemental, culturally appropriate and trauma informed psychotherapy and counselling to individuals, intimate partners and families. I am a Relational Gestalt Psychotherapist and I've worked in various roles including: counsellor, social worker, youth worker and community development worker in a number of fields including: Community Health, LGBTQIA+ Mental Health, Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations, Men’s Family Violence Counselling, Trauma & Sexual Assault counselling, Women’s Organisations, Youth Organisations, Community Development, NGOs and INGOs.
I specialise in trauma, sexual assault, anger issues, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, life transition, grief & loss, family violence, BIPOC, LGBTIQ+ and gender diverse related issues.
I offer confidential, non-judgemental, culturally appropriate and trauma informed psychotherapy and counselling to individuals, intimate partners and families. I am a Relational Gestalt Psychotherapist and I've worked in various roles including: counsellor, social worker, youth worker and community development worker in a number of fields including: Community Health, LGBTQIA+ Mental Health, Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations, Men’s Family Violence Counselling, Trauma & Sexual Assault counselling, Women’s Organisations, Youth Organisations, Community Development, NGOs and INGOs.
(03) 7003 2602 View (03) 7003 2602
Photo of Natalie Anderson, Counsellor in Carlton, VIC
Natalie Anderson
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I follow an integrative, somatic approach to strengthen the mind-body connection and release stress and anxiety.
Hello, I offer holistic and inclusive care for individuals and couples who are dealing with life transitions or relationship issues, particularly those involving identity changes, and loss or grief. With professional and lived experience among cultural, gender and neurodiverse communities, I understand that adjusting to these events and stages of life can be complicated, and distressing without the right kind of emotional support. This can lead us to question our sense of who we are, and how to move forward with our lives. Together we can start to explore whatever might be happening for you in a safe space and trauma-informed way.
I follow an integrative, somatic approach to strengthen the mind-body connection and release stress and anxiety.
Hello, I offer holistic and inclusive care for individuals and couples who are dealing with life transitions or relationship issues, particularly those involving identity changes, and loss or grief. With professional and lived experience among cultural, gender and neurodiverse communities, I understand that adjusting to these events and stages of life can be complicated, and distressing without the right kind of emotional support. This can lead us to question our sense of who we are, and how to move forward with our lives. Together we can start to explore whatever might be happening for you in a safe space and trauma-informed way.
(03) 5910 1103 View (03) 5910 1103
Photo of Carina Allen, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Carina Allen
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Carina is Clinical Psychologist who works with both adolescents and adults experiencing a variety issues including anxiety, mood disorders, anxiety, OCD, trauma, sleep, anger, body image concerns, attachment issues, stress management, and self-esteem concerns. Carina adopts a compassionate, warm and collaborative approach to therapy. She prioritises building a trusting and mutually respectful relationship to explore the needs and challenges of her clients. She provides a safe space for clients to understand themselves on a deeper level while feeling empowered to take steps to live more fulfilling and meaningful lives.
Carina is Clinical Psychologist who works with both adolescents and adults experiencing a variety issues including anxiety, mood disorders, anxiety, OCD, trauma, sleep, anger, body image concerns, attachment issues, stress management, and self-esteem concerns. Carina adopts a compassionate, warm and collaborative approach to therapy. She prioritises building a trusting and mutually respectful relationship to explore the needs and challenges of her clients. She provides a safe space for clients to understand themselves on a deeper level while feeling empowered to take steps to live more fulfilling and meaningful lives.
(03) 7003 2469 View (03) 7003 2469
Photo of Dr Jesse Daphne Smith, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Dr Jesse Daphne Smith
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Hello, I am a Clinical Psychologist and AHPRA endorsed supervisor. I work with: trauma, mood, stress, anxiety, phobias, substance, relationships, personality, behavioural (i.e., anger and aggression). I aim to provide a space that is safe, approachable, and affordable. LGBTQIA+ member (and ally), sex worker ally, disability ally, passionate about inclusivity in therapy.
Hello, I am a Clinical Psychologist and AHPRA endorsed supervisor. I work with: trauma, mood, stress, anxiety, phobias, substance, relationships, personality, behavioural (i.e., anger and aggression). I aim to provide a space that is safe, approachable, and affordable. LGBTQIA+ member (and ally), sex worker ally, disability ally, passionate about inclusivity in therapy.
(03) 7003 2731 View (03) 7003 2731
Photo of Todd Mills, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Todd Mills
Psychotherapist, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
My name is Todd, I am an Integrative Psychotherapist and Counsellor working with individuals and couples in Melbourne, Australia. My areas of focus include but are not limited to stress/trauma, depression and anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions and identity challenges. I often work with individuals from the LGBTQI+ community, including individuals questioning their gender or sexuality.
My name is Todd, I am an Integrative Psychotherapist and Counsellor working with individuals and couples in Melbourne, Australia. My areas of focus include but are not limited to stress/trauma, depression and anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions and identity challenges. I often work with individuals from the LGBTQI+ community, including individuals questioning their gender or sexuality.
(03) 7003 2100 View (03) 7003 2100
Photo of Steph Sier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlton, VIC
Steph Sier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Waitlist for new clients
Steph is a senior clinician and therapist at Q Psychology, and a mental health accredited social worker. She has an extensive background working in inpatient and outpatient mental health programs and helps guide and support the clinical team at Q Psychology. Steph is a gender diverse, queer affirmative therapist. She works across various psychological difficulties (including depression, anxiety, PTSD/trauma and many others) and uses various psychological therapies (including ACT, CBT, DBT & mindfulness). Steph completed her master’s in social work, and after extensive work in MH, has obtained mental health accreditation.
Steph is a senior clinician and therapist at Q Psychology, and a mental health accredited social worker. She has an extensive background working in inpatient and outpatient mental health programs and helps guide and support the clinical team at Q Psychology. Steph is a gender diverse, queer affirmative therapist. She works across various psychological difficulties (including depression, anxiety, PTSD/trauma and many others) and uses various psychological therapies (including ACT, CBT, DBT & mindfulness). Steph completed her master’s in social work, and after extensive work in MH, has obtained mental health accreditation.
(03) 9111 2638 View (03) 9111 2638
Photo of Nelly Uhlenkott, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Nelly Uhlenkott
Psychotherapist, MA, AASW
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
People come to see me for a lot of different reasons. For instance, you might be experiencing depression or anxiety, having relationship difficulties (whether you're single or partnered), going through a major life transition or loss, or wondering about the overall direction of your life. You may have a sense that there's something more to life -- that you could be living a richer life, and thriving more than you are right now. I'm here to support you and examine what's working and not, whether you're seeking a major transformation, or simply a deeper understanding of your life patterns.
People come to see me for a lot of different reasons. For instance, you might be experiencing depression or anxiety, having relationship difficulties (whether you're single or partnered), going through a major life transition or loss, or wondering about the overall direction of your life. You may have a sense that there's something more to life -- that you could be living a richer life, and thriving more than you are right now. I'm here to support you and examine what's working and not, whether you're seeking a major transformation, or simply a deeper understanding of your life patterns.
(03) 8595 5018 View (03) 8595 5018

See more therapy options for Carlton

Anxiety Counsellors

What are the most common treatments for anxiety?

Talk therapy, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy, is the most common treatment for anxiety. Studies have shown it is equally effective as medication. Other forms of therapy are popular, depending on a patient’s experience. Exposure therapy, for instance, can be useful for people dealing with fears and phobias, or who have experienced traumatic events. Dialectical Behavioural Therapy may be useful for patients who need help with emotion regulation. Anxiolytic medications, like benzodiazepines, can also help with calming a person enough to focus on the skills they’ve learned, and physical exercise has been shown to help symptoms of anxiety across the board.

How long does therapy for anxiety take to work?

The amount of time needed to alleviate symptoms depends on the severity of a person’s condition. Some therapies may take 5-20 weekly sessions to show results. Anti-depressant medications typically take two to four weeks before a benefit is felt. Anti-anxiety medications are felt typically within 20-30 minutes. Medications are best used to offer a patient a better headspace in which to work on techniques learned in therapy. Exercise, improved sleep habits, and meditation are effective, but takes weeks or months to show results.

When should I seek treatment for anxiety?

Everyone feels anxious at times, but when anxiety causes disruption to your daily life, it may be time to seek help. Such disruption can be mental, physical, or both: having fear dominate your thoughts, avoiding situations or objects that bring on feelings of anxiety, or experiencing shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, or panic attacks. When these symptoms are recurrent and distressing, it may be time to talk to someone.

How effective is treatment for anxiety?

Treatment for anxiety has been shown to be moderately to highly effective, according to a large body of psychology studies and analyses. For some people, treatment using CBT or exposure therapy alone is effective. Others respond best to a combination of medication and therapy.