Photo of Dr Jonathan Kettle, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Dr Jonathan Kettle
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a clinical psychologist with more than 15 years' experience in full-time practice. Earlier in my career, I was the Head of Clinical Practice at The Cairnmillar Institute, and a senior psychologist in public mental health. I work with adults and adolescents with a range of issues detailed below. I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality issues. My approach is to work with you at your pace as your treatment unfolds over time.
I am a clinical psychologist with more than 15 years' experience in full-time practice. Earlier in my career, I was the Head of Clinical Practice at The Cairnmillar Institute, and a senior psychologist in public mental health. I work with adults and adolescents with a range of issues detailed below. I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality issues. My approach is to work with you at your pace as your treatment unfolds over time.
0414 446 403 View 0414 446 403
Photo of Jamie Lopes, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Jamie Lopes
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Prov
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am an emotion-based therapist, passionate in helping individuals and couples navigate the complexities of life's challenges. I bring over a decade of experience working with a diverse range of clients across various ages and backgrounds. I am trained and skilled in integrating various evidence-based approaches, including Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), to tailor treatment to your unique needs. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or navigating existential concerns, I can walk alongside you on your journey towards healing and growth.
I am an emotion-based therapist, passionate in helping individuals and couples navigate the complexities of life's challenges. I bring over a decade of experience working with a diverse range of clients across various ages and backgrounds. I am trained and skilled in integrating various evidence-based approaches, including Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), to tailor treatment to your unique needs. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or navigating existential concerns, I can walk alongside you on your journey towards healing and growth.
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Photo of Catherine Pihema, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Catherine Pihema
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
Catherine's professional interests include depression and low mood, anxiety, trauma, emotional dysregulation, and the navigation of difficult life events/ transitions.
Catherine's career in clinical psychology reflects her diverse interests and caring personality. Her experience has equipped her to practice with both sensitivity and safety to one's culture and/or diversity needs. She takes a non-judgmental, warm, and client centered approach, ensuring she creates a setting in which her clients feel safe to be vulnerable without judgement. She ensures her clients’ goals guide the therapy by working collaboratively and by valuing input and feedback. Catherine works to empower clients with an understanding of their difficulties before developing a shared treatment plan of skills to meet their goals.
Catherine's professional interests include depression and low mood, anxiety, trauma, emotional dysregulation, and the navigation of difficult life events/ transitions.
Catherine's career in clinical psychology reflects her diverse interests and caring personality. Her experience has equipped her to practice with both sensitivity and safety to one's culture and/or diversity needs. She takes a non-judgmental, warm, and client centered approach, ensuring she creates a setting in which her clients feel safe to be vulnerable without judgement. She ensures her clients’ goals guide the therapy by working collaboratively and by valuing input and feedback. Catherine works to empower clients with an understanding of their difficulties before developing a shared treatment plan of skills to meet their goals.
(03) 9994 1706 View (03) 9994 1706
Photo of Paco Romeu, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlton, VIC
Paco Romeu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSc, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a psychotherapist and an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have particular expertise in trauma, abuse and related complications, emotional dysregulation and preoccupation with sexual activities. These are often woven into the person’s emotional world and can manifest in a range of issues including depression, panic attacks, obsessive thinking, mood swings, and substance misuse. My practice is psychoanalytically oriented and focuses on the notion of listening deeply to each person and their uniqueness. It offers a space in which their sadness, despair and anxieties, and also enjoyment, are heard and reflected upon.
I am a psychotherapist and an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have particular expertise in trauma, abuse and related complications, emotional dysregulation and preoccupation with sexual activities. These are often woven into the person’s emotional world and can manifest in a range of issues including depression, panic attacks, obsessive thinking, mood swings, and substance misuse. My practice is psychoanalytically oriented and focuses on the notion of listening deeply to each person and their uniqueness. It offers a space in which their sadness, despair and anxieties, and also enjoyment, are heard and reflected upon.
(02) 4504 0169 View (02) 4504 0169
Photo of Helen Krstev, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Helen Krstev
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality related issues.
I am a clinical psychologist in full-time practice, with experience working since 2004 with adults and families in both public and private sectors. Previously, I worked at Orygen Youth Health, delivered post-graduate clinical training at The University of Melbourne, lectured to clinical Masters students at The Cairnmillar Institute, and have published papers and books on psychotherapy. I provide psychoanalytic therapy, supervise colleagues and students, and work with people with complex presentations. My fees are on a sliding scale.
I have particular expertise in working with trauma, abuse and post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, complex difficulties, especially in relationships with others, and gender and sexuality related issues.
I am a clinical psychologist in full-time practice, with experience working since 2004 with adults and families in both public and private sectors. Previously, I worked at Orygen Youth Health, delivered post-graduate clinical training at The University of Melbourne, lectured to clinical Masters students at The Cairnmillar Institute, and have published papers and books on psychotherapy. I provide psychoanalytic therapy, supervise colleagues and students, and work with people with complex presentations. My fees are on a sliding scale.
0406 970 548 View 0406 970 548
Photo of Maria Light, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Maria Light
Psychologist, MPsych, MACPA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a clinical psychologist currently working in private practice. I work with children, adolescents and adults experiencing a range of difficulties including anxiety, trauma, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, social anxiety and personality disorders. My therapeutic approach is informed by attachment theory, family systems theory, emotion focused therapy (EFT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). I have previously worked in school settings and I have also facilitated therapy groups for social anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder.
I am a clinical psychologist currently working in private practice. I work with children, adolescents and adults experiencing a range of difficulties including anxiety, trauma, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, social anxiety and personality disorders. My therapeutic approach is informed by attachment theory, family systems theory, emotion focused therapy (EFT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). I have previously worked in school settings and I have also facilitated therapy groups for social anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder.
(02) 4504 0104 View (02) 4504 0104
Photo of Iain R Davis, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Iain R Davis
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I’m a registered psychologist with a passion for assisting adolescents and adults with anxiety, depression, trauma, emotional regulation, grief, loss, and relationship issues. I have a background working in drug and alcohol counselling and have a special interest in supporting clients with addiction.
I’m a registered psychologist with a passion for assisting adolescents and adults with anxiety, depression, trauma, emotional regulation, grief, loss, and relationship issues. I have a background working in drug and alcohol counselling and have a special interest in supporting clients with addiction.
(03) 9546 0009 View (03) 9546 0009
Photo of Cindy Tanghal, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Cindy Tanghal
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
In my practice, I provide professional, empathetic and validating psychological support and treatment to individuals with Emotion dysregulation; Major Depression; Bi-Polar Affective Disorders; Adjustment Disorder; Anxiety disorders; Social Anxiety; Eating Disorders; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Personality Disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); Complex trauma presentations such as self-harm, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and relationship instability; Drug & alcohol and other Addictive Behaviours. Additionally, ​I am a Board approved (AHPRA) psychology supervisor.
In my practice, I provide professional, empathetic and validating psychological support and treatment to individuals with Emotion dysregulation; Major Depression; Bi-Polar Affective Disorders; Adjustment Disorder; Anxiety disorders; Social Anxiety; Eating Disorders; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Personality Disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD); Complex trauma presentations such as self-harm, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and relationship instability; Drug & alcohol and other Addictive Behaviours. Additionally, ​I am a Board approved (AHPRA) psychology supervisor.
(03) 7003 2463 View (03) 7003 2463
Photo of Jesse Hooper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlton, VIC
Jesse Hooper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I have a rich background in assisting adults from various communities and lived experiences, including those within the LGBTIQ+ spectrum, as well as individuals from CALD (Culturally and Linguistically Diverse) backgrounds and those with disabilities. I am here to support you through life’s challenges, including anxiety, depression, grief, loss, and trauma. Located 5 minutes walk from Melbourne Museum and a short walk from Parliament Station.
I have a rich background in assisting adults from various communities and lived experiences, including those within the LGBTIQ+ spectrum, as well as individuals from CALD (Culturally and Linguistically Diverse) backgrounds and those with disabilities. I am here to support you through life’s challenges, including anxiety, depression, grief, loss, and trauma. Located 5 minutes walk from Melbourne Museum and a short walk from Parliament Station.
(03) 9133 2122 View (03) 9133 2122
Photo of Chris Carter, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Chris Carter
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I am a psychologist with experience working with adults and adolescents in clinical mental health, depression, anxiety, trauma, forensics and addiction. I work with adults with depression, anxiety, personality difficulties and substance use, as well as family and relationship issues, gender and sexuality, anger, life direction, trauma, abuse, self harm and suicidal thoughts. I listen without judgment and provide psychotherapy that is tailored to each individual, the work is confidential.
I am a psychologist with experience working with adults and adolescents in clinical mental health, depression, anxiety, trauma, forensics and addiction. I work with adults with depression, anxiety, personality difficulties and substance use, as well as family and relationship issues, gender and sexuality, anger, life direction, trauma, abuse, self harm and suicidal thoughts. I listen without judgment and provide psychotherapy that is tailored to each individual, the work is confidential.
(03) 9111 5364 View (03) 9111 5364
Photo of Trina Fazio, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Trina Fazio
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
Whether the problem that has brought you here is something recent, or has been an issue for a long time, I can help you to clearly understand the problem and identify the specific things we need to do in therapy for you to see some healthy change. Without you feeling overwhelmed, we will address the unconscious patterns that work against you and build your emotional capacity to prevent the problems creeping back in. My eight years experience in the mental health field has included helping people with depression, anxiety, family and relationship problems, psychosomatic issues, low self-esteem, trauma and addictions.
Whether the problem that has brought you here is something recent, or has been an issue for a long time, I can help you to clearly understand the problem and identify the specific things we need to do in therapy for you to see some healthy change. Without you feeling overwhelmed, we will address the unconscious patterns that work against you and build your emotional capacity to prevent the problems creeping back in. My eight years experience in the mental health field has included helping people with depression, anxiety, family and relationship problems, psychosomatic issues, low self-esteem, trauma and addictions.
(03) 9118 9088 View (03) 9118 9088
Photo of Ermanno Bergami, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Ermanno Bergami
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
As a psychotherapist I create a field, I prepare the ground and the conditions, I set processes in motion, I resonate and synchronise with the rhythm of the person. I help the person to centre inside, to anchor in the body, in the present and in reality. What I am most interested in is the relationship people have with themselves. Most problems that occur in interpersonal relationships have to do with conflict within us. My work is about lowering fears, taking small and big courageous steps, regaining the capacity to love, rebuilding trust in ourselves so that we can find and follow our path.
As a psychotherapist I create a field, I prepare the ground and the conditions, I set processes in motion, I resonate and synchronise with the rhythm of the person. I help the person to centre inside, to anchor in the body, in the present and in reality. What I am most interested in is the relationship people have with themselves. Most problems that occur in interpersonal relationships have to do with conflict within us. My work is about lowering fears, taking small and big courageous steps, regaining the capacity to love, rebuilding trust in ourselves so that we can find and follow our path.
(03) 8797 5448 View (03) 8797 5448
Photo of Marina Salambasis Clinical Psychologist, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Marina Salambasis Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
If you suffer from trauma, ADHD, depression, anxiety, substance use, sleep issues, relationship issues, eating disorders, low self-esteem, or bereavement, please email me to arrange a free 10-minute consultation. I foster a non-judgmental and safe therapeutic environment where you will feel comfortable and supported discussing difficult topics. I will endeavor to assist you in accessing your own agency and internal resources, leading to greater self-awareness, emotional regulation, and a sense of empowerment.
If you suffer from trauma, ADHD, depression, anxiety, substance use, sleep issues, relationship issues, eating disorders, low self-esteem, or bereavement, please email me to arrange a free 10-minute consultation. I foster a non-judgmental and safe therapeutic environment where you will feel comfortable and supported discussing difficult topics. I will endeavor to assist you in accessing your own agency and internal resources, leading to greater self-awareness, emotional regulation, and a sense of empowerment.
(03) 7003 2085 View (03) 7003 2085
Photo of Melbournemindbodypsychology, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Melbournemindbodypsychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I enjoy helping people from all walks of life with various presentations including anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma, anger, and PTSD. I utilise a range of therapeutic modalities including CBT, DBT, ACT, whilst incorporating aspects of humanistic and psychodynamic psychotherapy, which I tailor to the individual needs of his clients. I am passionate about helping people navigate life’s challenges by developing an understanding of the connection between their experiences and their learned beliefs and behaviours. Fluent Italian speaker
I enjoy helping people from all walks of life with various presentations including anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma, anger, and PTSD. I utilise a range of therapeutic modalities including CBT, DBT, ACT, whilst incorporating aspects of humanistic and psychodynamic psychotherapy, which I tailor to the individual needs of his clients. I am passionate about helping people navigate life’s challenges by developing an understanding of the connection between their experiences and their learned beliefs and behaviours. Fluent Italian speaker
(03) 7003 2818 View (03) 7003 2818
Photo of Melbourne Mindbody Psychology, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Melbourne Mindbody Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Resolve past trauma, (including PTSD) disordered eating, OCD, anxiety, depression, and insomnia.
Learn to let go of the past through Innovative psychology for the mind and body. Using an integrative approach of Acceptance Commitment Therapy, (ACT) Inner child work, and Eye Movement Desensitisation (EMDR) to resolve the past in the present and be free in the future. Erica is also a naturopath and hypnotherapist, working to resolve IBS and physical ailments which are triggered through stress, and nutritional requirements. Naturopathic appointments are separate to psychology appointments. MMBP is a multi-modality clinic that offers additional services for a holistic approach to overall health, melbournemindbodypsychology.com.
Resolve past trauma, (including PTSD) disordered eating, OCD, anxiety, depression, and insomnia.
Learn to let go of the past through Innovative psychology for the mind and body. Using an integrative approach of Acceptance Commitment Therapy, (ACT) Inner child work, and Eye Movement Desensitisation (EMDR) to resolve the past in the present and be free in the future. Erica is also a naturopath and hypnotherapist, working to resolve IBS and physical ailments which are triggered through stress, and nutritional requirements. Naturopathic appointments are separate to psychology appointments. MMBP is a multi-modality clinic that offers additional services for a holistic approach to overall health, melbournemindbodypsychology.com.
(03) 7003 2894 View (03) 7003 2894
Photo of Jake Potter, Psychotherapist in Carlton, VIC
Jake Potter
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlton, VIC 3053
The clients that I work with range from issues of anxiety, depression, trauma, grief & loss, stress, attachment, anger, self esteem, relationship issues, body image, self development, increased self awareness, self confidence, conflict and life purpose.
I am a registered Psychotherapist with the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia (PACFA) and have taught embodied therapeutic practice at Esalen Institute and throughout Australia and the United States for the past 6 years. My therapeutic approach draws on evidence-based practices such as Attachment Theory, Gestalt Therapy, Body-Oriented Therapy, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-based practice. Therapy with me is always grounded in a person-centred approach that sees you as a whole-person and I always work collaboratively with clients to create a therapy that is bespoke to your needs.
The clients that I work with range from issues of anxiety, depression, trauma, grief & loss, stress, attachment, anger, self esteem, relationship issues, body image, self development, increased self awareness, self confidence, conflict and life purpose.
I am a registered Psychotherapist with the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia (PACFA) and have taught embodied therapeutic practice at Esalen Institute and throughout Australia and the United States for the past 6 years. My therapeutic approach draws on evidence-based practices such as Attachment Theory, Gestalt Therapy, Body-Oriented Therapy, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-based practice. Therapy with me is always grounded in a person-centred approach that sees you as a whole-person and I always work collaboratively with clients to create a therapy that is bespoke to your needs.
(03) 7020 2730 View (03) 7020 2730
Photo of Lynette McKee - People Psychology, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Lynette McKee - People Psychology
Psychologist, MAPS
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Lynette is a registered Psychologist who provides telehealth support for adults with a wide range of presenting issues, including stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, adjustment difficulties and grief and loss. She is committed to providing a respectful, high quality, evidence-based psychological service that is adapted to each client’s personal situation, needs and strengths.
Lynette is a registered Psychologist who provides telehealth support for adults with a wide range of presenting issues, including stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, adjustment difficulties and grief and loss. She is committed to providing a respectful, high quality, evidence-based psychological service that is adapted to each client’s personal situation, needs and strengths.
(03) 7003 2804 View (03) 7003 2804
Photo of Think Good Psychology, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Think Good Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
I have special interest in anxiety, relationship struggles, and trauma.
I am a counselling psychologist with over 10 years experience in mental health. I see people aged 18 & above with various challenges. A lot of us, regardless of our background and experiences, struggle with emotional regulation & emotional expression We also just want to be seen & heard. I prioritise building a strong relationship with my clients, & provide an understanding environment where expression is welcomed & there's no judgement. I choose Telehealth - it provides access to me from anywhere(even when your on holiday or a break at work), & is convenience in our busy society. Let's work together.
I have special interest in anxiety, relationship struggles, and trauma.
I am a counselling psychologist with over 10 years experience in mental health. I see people aged 18 & above with various challenges. A lot of us, regardless of our background and experiences, struggle with emotional regulation & emotional expression We also just want to be seen & heard. I prioritise building a strong relationship with my clients, & provide an understanding environment where expression is welcomed & there's no judgement. I choose Telehealth - it provides access to me from anywhere(even when your on holiday or a break at work), & is convenience in our busy society. Let's work together.
(03) 7003 2833 View (03) 7003 2833
Photo of Mark Horsman, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Mark Horsman
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Often in today's world, we get caught up in so many distractions on the outside that we are not always aware of our internal experiences. We walk around anxious and depressed, with critical thoughts of ourselves and others, and often live a reality that is separate from our own personal wishes and desires. I believe that therapy provides a safe space to step away from all the external distractions and focus on identifying and responding to our emotional world in the most open and connected way, which may have been too painful to do in the past.
Often in today's world, we get caught up in so many distractions on the outside that we are not always aware of our internal experiences. We walk around anxious and depressed, with critical thoughts of ourselves and others, and often live a reality that is separate from our own personal wishes and desires. I believe that therapy provides a safe space to step away from all the external distractions and focus on identifying and responding to our emotional world in the most open and connected way, which may have been too painful to do in the past.
(03) 7003 2065 View (03) 7003 2065
Photo of Manuela Barichello, Psychologist in Carlton, VIC
Manuela Barichello
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Carlton, VIC 3053
Manuela is a skilled psychologist with much experience in Community Health, Medical Centres and Education (Primary-Tertiary). She enjoys teaching her clients new skills, identify their strengths to reach their full potential. If you have suffered grief and loss, trauma, or anxiety/depression you can learn reframing and healing strategies to come to a resolution. If you have suffered inter-relational or situational problems you may benefit from learning emotional regulation and acceptance skills. Manuela will help you achieve the outcomes you want by tailoring therapy to meet your individual needs through effective goal setting.
Manuela is a skilled psychologist with much experience in Community Health, Medical Centres and Education (Primary-Tertiary). She enjoys teaching her clients new skills, identify their strengths to reach their full potential. If you have suffered grief and loss, trauma, or anxiety/depression you can learn reframing and healing strategies to come to a resolution. If you have suffered inter-relational or situational problems you may benefit from learning emotional regulation and acceptance skills. Manuela will help you achieve the outcomes you want by tailoring therapy to meet your individual needs through effective goal setting.
(03) 7003 2012 View (03) 7003 2012

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Anxiety Counsellors

What are the most common treatments for anxiety?

Talk therapy, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy, is the most common treatment for anxiety. Studies have shown it is equally effective as medication. Other forms of therapy are popular, depending on a patient’s experience. Exposure therapy, for instance, can be useful for people dealing with fears and phobias, or who have experienced traumatic events. Dialectical Behavioural Therapy may be useful for patients who need help with emotion regulation. Anxiolytic medications, like benzodiazepines, can also help with calming a person enough to focus on the skills they’ve learned, and physical exercise has been shown to help symptoms of anxiety across the board.

How long does therapy for anxiety take to work?

The amount of time needed to alleviate symptoms depends on the severity of a person’s condition. Some therapies may take 5-20 weekly sessions to show results. Anti-depressant medications typically take two to four weeks before a benefit is felt. Anti-anxiety medications are felt typically within 20-30 minutes. Medications are best used to offer a patient a better headspace in which to work on techniques learned in therapy. Exercise, improved sleep habits, and meditation are effective, but takes weeks or months to show results.

When should I seek treatment for anxiety?

Everyone feels anxious at times, but when anxiety causes disruption to your daily life, it may be time to seek help. Such disruption can be mental, physical, or both: having fear dominate your thoughts, avoiding situations or objects that bring on feelings of anxiety, or experiencing shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, or panic attacks. When these symptoms are recurrent and distressing, it may be time to talk to someone.

How effective is treatment for anxiety?

Treatment for anxiety has been shown to be moderately to highly effective, according to a large body of psychology studies and analyses. For some people, treatment using CBT or exposure therapy alone is effective. Others respond best to a combination of medication and therapy.