Counselling in MacArthur, ACT

Photo of Marina Truter - Fadden Counselling, ACA-L4, Psychotherapist
Fadden Counselling
Psychotherapist, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
MacArthur, ACT 2904
Not accepting new clients
We all want to live a life worth living. Finding that can be quite a journey, with many twists and turns along the way. Embark on the search within the safety of a collaborative and therapeutic relationship. It certainly takes courage, but also has unimaginable rewards. Whether you are facing a new trial, or just decided to take action regarding a long standing issue, take the first step towards healing and overcoming. It is at your fingertips, and might be easier than you think.
We all want to live a life worth living. Finding that can be quite a journey, with many twists and turns along the way. Embark on the search within the safety of a collaborative and therapeutic relationship. It certainly takes courage, but also has unimaginable rewards. Whether you are facing a new trial, or just decided to take action regarding a long standing issue, take the first step towards healing and overcoming. It is at your fingertips, and might be easier than you think.
(02) 6188 7039 View (02) 6188 7039

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Pippa Matthews, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Pippa Matthews
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Deakin, ACT 2600
I have been working as a psychotherapist & counsellor for over 30yrs in a variety of government agencies (including sexual assault services, rape crisis services, victims of crime support services & women's health services) and private practice (11yrs in Sydney & 6yrs in Canberra). I have specialised in working with people whose histories include complex trauma, attachment trauma, developmental trauma and trauma in adulthood (including childhood sexual abuse, emotional & psychological abuse, childhood physical abuse, family violence, coercive control in relationships & adult rape). I also work with people struggling with PTSD.
I have been working as a psychotherapist & counsellor for over 30yrs in a variety of government agencies (including sexual assault services, rape crisis services, victims of crime support services & women's health services) and private practice (11yrs in Sydney & 6yrs in Canberra). I have specialised in working with people whose histories include complex trauma, attachment trauma, developmental trauma and trauma in adulthood (including childhood sexual abuse, emotional & psychological abuse, childhood physical abuse, family violence, coercive control in relationships & adult rape). I also work with people struggling with PTSD.
(02) 5926 2804 View (02) 5926 2804
Photo of Anne Vitharana, MSc, PACFA, Counsellor
Anne Vitharana
Counsellor, MSc, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Anne and I want to hear your story, heart 2 heart. If you are feeling down or struggling to keep up with life demands, challenged with relationships, feels like you are stuck at where you are in life, or if you are navigating issues involving recovery from past trauma, I am here to support you; all while providing a non-judgmental, gentle and professionally qualified therapeutic environment.
Hi, my name is Anne and I want to hear your story, heart 2 heart. If you are feeling down or struggling to keep up with life demands, challenged with relationships, feels like you are stuck at where you are in life, or if you are navigating issues involving recovery from past trauma, I am here to support you; all while providing a non-judgmental, gentle and professionally qualified therapeutic environment.
(02) 5133 6894 View (02) 5133 6894
Photo of Dr Renee Sichter: Living Free Psychology, PsychD, MAPS, Psychologist
Dr Renee Sichter: Living Free Psychology
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
NOW accepting NEW clients & HAVE availability! I love working with "everyday" teens to 20s, who are doing it tough and want to change the direction of their life. Maybe you're experiencing anxiety, OCD, stress, and are feeling stuck, hopeless, alone.... Maybe you've had a rough upbringing, made "bad" decisions, use substances and want to stop. Or maybe life is ok but you just want more...
NOW accepting NEW clients & HAVE availability! I love working with "everyday" teens to 20s, who are doing it tough and want to change the direction of their life. Maybe you're experiencing anxiety, OCD, stress, and are feeling stuck, hopeless, alone.... Maybe you've had a rough upbringing, made "bad" decisions, use substances and want to stop. Or maybe life is ok but you just want more...
0468 887 908 View 0468 887 908
Photo of Johan Torsteinsrud - Human Puzzles Counselling & Supervision Services, PACFA, Counsellor
Human Puzzles Counselling & Supervision Services
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600
My name is Johan Torsteinsrud, and my private practice is called Human Puzzles. I am a Sydney-based professional counsellor with over six years of experience in helping people from all walks of life find their way through life’s many challenges. My counselling sessions are mainly conducted online, either via Zoom or over the phone. This provides a convenient and safe way for people to access support without the added stress of travelling to an office. I strive to create a safe space for all genders, races, cultures, bodies, sexual orientations, family constellations, and relationships.
My name is Johan Torsteinsrud, and my private practice is called Human Puzzles. I am a Sydney-based professional counsellor with over six years of experience in helping people from all walks of life find their way through life’s many challenges. My counselling sessions are mainly conducted online, either via Zoom or over the phone. This provides a convenient and safe way for people to access support without the added stress of travelling to an office. I strive to create a safe space for all genders, races, cultures, bodies, sexual orientations, family constellations, and relationships.
(02) 9100 0570 View (02) 9100 0570
Photo of Francesca Palazzolo, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Francesca Palazzolo
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
I am a counsellor & psychotherapist working in the existential humanist tradition. I work with all sorts of issues including mental health, addictive behaviours and relationship issues to name a few. I am registered with PACFA (Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation Australia) which is the national peak body for counsellors and psychotherapists in Australia and have worked in youth mental health, alcohol and other drugs counselling and trauma informed counselling. If you are experiencing issues with any emotional concerns, anxiety, substance use, addiction, including behavioural addictions, please do not hesitate to reach out.
I am a counsellor & psychotherapist working in the existential humanist tradition. I work with all sorts of issues including mental health, addictive behaviours and relationship issues to name a few. I am registered with PACFA (Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation Australia) which is the national peak body for counsellors and psychotherapists in Australia and have worked in youth mental health, alcohol and other drugs counselling and trauma informed counselling. If you are experiencing issues with any emotional concerns, anxiety, substance use, addiction, including behavioural addictions, please do not hesitate to reach out.
(03) 6411 0202 View (03) 6411 0202
Photo of Peita-Claire Fothergill, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Peita-Claire Fothergill
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600
My name is Peita-Claire Fothergill. I have a Master of Counselling degree and am a registered member of the Australian Counselling Association (ACA). My counselling philosophy is rooted in the belief that each individual possesses the inherent ability to grow, change, and overcome challenges. I adopt a client-centred approach, emphasising empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness in my interactions. This framework creates a supportive, non-judgmental space where clients feel heard, valued, and empowered.
My name is Peita-Claire Fothergill. I have a Master of Counselling degree and am a registered member of the Australian Counselling Association (ACA). My counselling philosophy is rooted in the belief that each individual possesses the inherent ability to grow, change, and overcome challenges. I adopt a client-centred approach, emphasising empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness in my interactions. This framework creates a supportive, non-judgmental space where clients feel heard, valued, and empowered.
(02) 5118 9595 View (02) 5118 9595
Photo of Matthew Musgrave - Strong Space Counselling - Supporting Men, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Strong Space Counselling - Supporting Men
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Canberra, ACT 2601  (Online Only)
Men are often taught not to reach out for help. You may have been made to believe that to seek help for yourself was to admit weakness or that it would make you a burden. Maybe you don't know where to start. But you've been thinking about getting professional support for some time now, that's why you are here. You know you need help, maybe because you're experiencing social anxiety or an overwhelming difficulty to get out of bed. You might no longer enjoy the things that used to make you happy, or you're having darker, more intrusive thoughts. It's starting to impact your relationships, your work & your physical health.
Men are often taught not to reach out for help. You may have been made to believe that to seek help for yourself was to admit weakness or that it would make you a burden. Maybe you don't know where to start. But you've been thinking about getting professional support for some time now, that's why you are here. You know you need help, maybe because you're experiencing social anxiety or an overwhelming difficulty to get out of bed. You might no longer enjoy the things that used to make you happy, or you're having darker, more intrusive thoughts. It's starting to impact your relationships, your work & your physical health.
(02) 5135 1111 View (02) 5135 1111
Photo of Abelina Wolf - Abelina Wolf (Psychology with Abelina), MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Abelina Wolf (Psychology with Abelina)
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600
My passion is to offer a safe and reflective space to those who are looking to build a deeper understanding of themselves and re-gain the capacity to cope with or overcome the difficult emotional challenges that life can bring. It is re-building a sense of connection to ourselves that can help us live a more meaningful life aligned with our values. I work with adults (18 and above) and am passionate about the area of trauma and self-esteem concerns.
My passion is to offer a safe and reflective space to those who are looking to build a deeper understanding of themselves and re-gain the capacity to cope with or overcome the difficult emotional challenges that life can bring. It is re-building a sense of connection to ourselves that can help us live a more meaningful life aligned with our values. I work with adults (18 and above) and am passionate about the area of trauma and self-esteem concerns.
(07) 3477 9296 View (07) 3477 9296
Photo of Vanessa Hamilton, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Vanessa Hamilton
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600
I provide a judgment-free, empathetic space for clients dealing with stress, anxiety, low mood, self-esteem issues, health and fitness challenges, or beginning their journey to sobriety. I welcome individuals from all backgrounds, including neurodivergent clients. If you're ready to take the (sometimes, most difficult!) first step and want practical support to reach your goals, I’m here for you. Whether you're struggling with racing thoughts, need a safe space to vent, or help untangling emotions, reach out. You can do this.
I provide a judgment-free, empathetic space for clients dealing with stress, anxiety, low mood, self-esteem issues, health and fitness challenges, or beginning their journey to sobriety. I welcome individuals from all backgrounds, including neurodivergent clients. If you're ready to take the (sometimes, most difficult!) first step and want practical support to reach your goals, I’m here for you. Whether you're struggling with racing thoughts, need a safe space to vent, or help untangling emotions, reach out. You can do this.
(08) 6845 7244 View (08) 6845 7244
Photo of Wendy Rosa Bas, Counsellor
Wendy Rosa Bas
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
Looking for support with your intimate relationship(s), especially if things aren't going smoothly? As a counsellor specializing in alternative relationship styles (ethical non-monogamy, open relationships, polyamory, and kink dynamics) I can help you navigate the complexities of your relationship(s). As a queer, pansexual, and polyamorous person (she/her) living an ENM lifestyle, I truly understand where you're coming from.
Looking for support with your intimate relationship(s), especially if things aren't going smoothly? As a counsellor specializing in alternative relationship styles (ethical non-monogamy, open relationships, polyamory, and kink dynamics) I can help you navigate the complexities of your relationship(s). As a queer, pansexual, and polyamorous person (she/her) living an ENM lifestyle, I truly understand where you're coming from.
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Photo of Lye Fong (Kelly) Lee, MA, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Lye Fong (Kelly) Lee
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
As a professionally trained and experienced counselor, I establish a positive, non-judgmental therapeutic relationship with my clients to provide a safe environment in which they can explore whatever issues they are facing and find the solutions that are most effective for them. Life is difficult, and everyone needs someone to talk to. My personal dedication focuses on genuine empathy, understanding, and guidance through the therapy process to help accomplish the client's goals and personal wellness. I speaks English, Mandarin, Cantonese, Hokkien and Malay
As a professionally trained and experienced counselor, I establish a positive, non-judgmental therapeutic relationship with my clients to provide a safe environment in which they can explore whatever issues they are facing and find the solutions that are most effective for them. Life is difficult, and everyone needs someone to talk to. My personal dedication focuses on genuine empathy, understanding, and guidance through the therapy process to help accomplish the client's goals and personal wellness. I speaks English, Mandarin, Cantonese, Hokkien and Malay
(03) 7302 2757 View (03) 7302 2757
Photo of Kubra Aydogan, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Kubra Aydogan
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
I'm Kubra - and I work with kids, teens and young adults. Growing up neurodivergent can feel like you have been caught between two lands. There is the land of mainstream neurotypicalism - this land is made up of unspoken and confusing rules, uncomfortable clothes, and expectations about how you should move, speak, and look at other people (and for how long!).
I'm Kubra - and I work with kids, teens and young adults. Growing up neurodivergent can feel like you have been caught between two lands. There is the land of mainstream neurotypicalism - this land is made up of unspoken and confusing rules, uncomfortable clothes, and expectations about how you should move, speak, and look at other people (and for how long!).
(02) 9158 6130 View (02) 9158 6130
Photo of Lauren Popielczyk - Remedy Therapy Canberra, MA, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Remedy Therapy Canberra
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Curtin, ACT 2605
Remedy Therapy is a psychotherapy and counselling service that you can self-refer to, doesn’t require a mental health plan and avoids hefty psychologist fees but delivers the same strategies and techniques. We offer flexible times and different appointment options. We are one of the few providers in ACT that have an indepth knowledge and skillset to work with ADHD, and also specialise in working with couples.
Remedy Therapy is a psychotherapy and counselling service that you can self-refer to, doesn’t require a mental health plan and avoids hefty psychologist fees but delivers the same strategies and techniques. We offer flexible times and different appointment options. We are one of the few providers in ACT that have an indepth knowledge and skillset to work with ADHD, and also specialise in working with couples.
0403 226 957 View 0403 226 957
Photo of Zorica Zoe Gruneska - Compassionate Journey (Zoe Gruneska), MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Compassionate Journey (Zoe Gruneska)
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
I understand that one needs significant courage to take the first step towards therapy, and therefore I aim to provide a safe environment where you will feel comfortable to openly discuss any issues in a non-judgmental, warm, empathic, and supportive manner. We will explore your current difficulties and invite you to consider what you would like to be different. You will set the direction for our work and I will walk alongside you, as we identify and work on the strategies and actions that support you the best to build the life you want.
I understand that one needs significant courage to take the first step towards therapy, and therefore I aim to provide a safe environment where you will feel comfortable to openly discuss any issues in a non-judgmental, warm, empathic, and supportive manner. We will explore your current difficulties and invite you to consider what you would like to be different. You will set the direction for our work and I will walk alongside you, as we identify and work on the strategies and actions that support you the best to build the life you want.
(03) 7302 8856 View (03) 7302 8856
Photo of Claudia Maio - Holistic Mental Health Counselling, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Holistic Mental Health Counselling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600
Waitlist for new clients
I have a passion for working with clients to resolve trauma. Making sense of traumatic experiences, their effect on our mental health and relationships, and processing these safely, allows for us to be our most authentic and integrated self. I also work with individuals, parents and carers supporting their children or loved ones with acute mental health and traumatic experiences.
I have a passion for working with clients to resolve trauma. Making sense of traumatic experiences, their effect on our mental health and relationships, and processing these safely, allows for us to be our most authentic and integrated self. I also work with individuals, parents and carers supporting their children or loved ones with acute mental health and traumatic experiences.
(02) 8000 0834 View (02) 8000 0834
Photo of Laura Apolo, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Laura Apolo
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Kingston, ACT 2604
Being listened to as you talk with someone you can trust helps you remember that you are not alone. It feels good to share, and talking about things can open up the door for healing. When we talk about our feelings, they become less overwhelming, less upsetting, and less scary. When we try to keep things stored in our head, especially strong feelings, it gets overwhelming, which fuels our anxiety. Talking frees us from that. Together, our conversations will uncover the hidden meaning behind what's happening, and help you to find your way, as you make sense of the challenges you have found yourself facing.
Being listened to as you talk with someone you can trust helps you remember that you are not alone. It feels good to share, and talking about things can open up the door for healing. When we talk about our feelings, they become less overwhelming, less upsetting, and less scary. When we try to keep things stored in our head, especially strong feelings, it gets overwhelming, which fuels our anxiety. Talking frees us from that. Together, our conversations will uncover the hidden meaning behind what's happening, and help you to find your way, as you make sense of the challenges you have found yourself facing.
(02) 5941 6975 View (02) 5941 6975
Photo of darleen Barton - DIPAC Counselling, Therapy, Mediation & Coaching , ACA-L2, Counsellor
DIPAC Counselling, Therapy, Mediation & Coaching
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Barton, ACT 2600
Types of counselling Darleen specialises in the following types of counselling: Relationship Counselling, Individual Counselling, Sex Therapy Desire & Intimacy Counselling Trauma, Counselling Porn Addiction, Online Counselling, , Counselling Narcissism Counselling, Pre-Marriage Program, Anger Management, LGBTQ+ Anxiety Counselling, Grief Counselling. Specialised training Darleen’s specialist training includes: Advanced Dip Psychology / Counselling Advance Dip Legal Mediation (preventative Law) C B T Practitioner Dip Personal / Professional / Coaching Family Coaching Recovery Coaching
Types of counselling Darleen specialises in the following types of counselling: Relationship Counselling, Individual Counselling, Sex Therapy Desire & Intimacy Counselling Trauma, Counselling Porn Addiction, Online Counselling, , Counselling Narcissism Counselling, Pre-Marriage Program, Anger Management, LGBTQ+ Anxiety Counselling, Grief Counselling. Specialised training Darleen’s specialist training includes: Advanced Dip Psychology / Counselling Advance Dip Legal Mediation (preventative Law) C B T Practitioner Dip Personal / Professional / Coaching Family Coaching Recovery Coaching
(02) 5118 9826 View (02) 5118 9826
Photo of Kathryn White, MPsych, MAPS, Psychologist
Kathryn White
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
I'm available for general counselling for any life problems you may have, as well as specific strategies aimed at treating anxiety, depression and sleep difficulties.
I'm available for general counselling for any life problems you may have, as well as specific strategies aimed at treating anxiety, depression and sleep difficulties.
(03) 7003 2449 View (03) 7003 2449
Photo of Zave Leo N - Zave Leo, Counsellor
Zave Leo
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Canberra, ACT 2600  (Online Only)
Hello I'm Zave (he/they), a queer and trans counsellor. I work with people all over Australia and support them to live their most authentic lives. I explore their experiences and discover how they want to move forward. I understand the fear associated with accessing support, and prioritise creating safety and trust. My approach is integrative, and based on providing tailored, non-judgmental and trauma-informed support.
Hello I'm Zave (he/they), a queer and trans counsellor. I work with people all over Australia and support them to live their most authentic lives. I explore their experiences and discover how they want to move forward. I understand the fear associated with accessing support, and prioritise creating safety and trust. My approach is integrative, and based on providing tailored, non-judgmental and trauma-informed support.
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How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in MacArthur, ACT

< 10

Counsellors in MacArthur, ACT who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Bereavement
100% Parenting
100% Spirituality
100% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

17 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Counsellors in MacArthur, ACT see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in MacArthur?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.