Counselling in 6061

Photo of Erica Ghali, Social Worker, AMHSW
Erica Ghali
Social Worker, AMHSW
1 Endorsed
Mirrabooka, WA 6061
Keen to support people with all types of mental health issues especially trauma. I've worked with all ages and keen to walk alongside you to make your journey more positive.
Keen to support people with all types of mental health issues especially trauma. I've worked with all ages and keen to walk alongside you to make your journey more positive.
(08) 6206 8437 View (08) 6206 8437
Photo of Rebecca Royle, Counsellor, PACFA
Rebecca Royle
Counsellor, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Westminster, WA 6061
Welcome to Arukah Counselling and Family Therapy as a clinical counsellor, I focus on compassion and respect, addressing your physical, emotional/spiritual needs. I offer: Couples/Marriage Counselling, Premarital Counselling, Individual Counselling, Family Therapy, Child/Teen Counselling, Christian Counselling, Grief and Loss Counselling, Parent Support/School Support, Counselling for Migrant Communities, and. I also offer Online counselling. Taking a gentle approach, I am committed to helping you reach your goals and to offering strategies that ensure your story is always listened to. My goal is to empower and support you.
Welcome to Arukah Counselling and Family Therapy as a clinical counsellor, I focus on compassion and respect, addressing your physical, emotional/spiritual needs. I offer: Couples/Marriage Counselling, Premarital Counselling, Individual Counselling, Family Therapy, Child/Teen Counselling, Christian Counselling, Grief and Loss Counselling, Parent Support/School Support, Counselling for Migrant Communities, and. I also offer Online counselling. Taking a gentle approach, I am committed to helping you reach your goals and to offering strategies that ensure your story is always listened to. My goal is to empower and support you.
(08) 6490 9069 View (08) 6490 9069
Photo of Deborah Ann Hilton
Deborah Ann Hilton
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Westminster, WA 6061
Welcome! I'm Deb. Have you just had enough and want to change, to move forward, to be calm? Do you often feel overwhelmed by anxiety, as if it's happening to you and beyond your control? You're not alone—many people experience these thoughts. Anxiety is at the core of many issues and is a learned response generated from within, whether on a conscious or subconscious level. Understanding its origins isn't necessary for effective treatment. Solution-focused Clinical Hypnotherapy can help you reconnect with your unique inner resources, enabling you to leave past problems behind and embrace a more empowered future.
Welcome! I'm Deb. Have you just had enough and want to change, to move forward, to be calm? Do you often feel overwhelmed by anxiety, as if it's happening to you and beyond your control? You're not alone—many people experience these thoughts. Anxiety is at the core of many issues and is a learned response generated from within, whether on a conscious or subconscious level. Understanding its origins isn't necessary for effective treatment. Solution-focused Clinical Hypnotherapy can help you reconnect with your unique inner resources, enabling you to leave past problems behind and embrace a more empowered future.
(08) 6206 8535 View (08) 6206 8535
Photo of Rasha Alsarafi, Social Worker, AASW
Rasha Alsarafi
Social Worker, AASW
Westminster, WA 6061
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally drained, stuck in your thoughts, or carrying the impact of past experiences while still trying to function in your daily life. Many of the people I support are navigating anxiety, trauma, low mood, relationship stress, life transitions, or simply feeling lost and disconnected from themselves. You might be the person who is strong for everyone else but struggling on the inside and wanting a space where you can finally focus on you.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally drained, stuck in your thoughts, or carrying the impact of past experiences while still trying to function in your daily life. Many of the people I support are navigating anxiety, trauma, low mood, relationship stress, life transitions, or simply feeling lost and disconnected from themselves. You might be the person who is strong for everyone else but struggling on the inside and wanting a space where you can finally focus on you.
(08) 6490 9036 View (08) 6490 9036
Photo of Shirley Chan, Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Shirley Chan
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Serves Area
I work with people navigating cultural and migration stress, identity changes, trauma, mental health concerns, alcohol and other drug issues, and complex family or relationship challenges. Many clients come to me when they feel overwhelmed, disconnected or unsure how to move forward. They’re seeking a grounded, respectful space where their story is understood and their lived experience is honoured. My practice supports people wanting clarity, healing, confidence and a stronger sense of self.
I work with people navigating cultural and migration stress, identity changes, trauma, mental health concerns, alcohol and other drug issues, and complex family or relationship challenges. Many clients come to me when they feel overwhelmed, disconnected or unsure how to move forward. They’re seeking a grounded, respectful space where their story is understood and their lived experience is honoured. My practice supports people wanting clarity, healing, confidence and a stronger sense of self.
(08) 6493 7534 View (08) 6493 7534
Photo of Teresa Goddard, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Teresa Goddard
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
As a Clinical Psychologist I have experience working with a range of mental health issues, like depression and anxiety disorders, personality disorders, anger and stress management, difficulties with self-esteem and self-compassion, disordered eating habits, adjustment difficulties, chronic illness, sleep difficulties, trauma and work-related issues. I pride myself on establishing a strong therapeutic alliance with clients of all ages and enjoy working from a person-centred and psychodynamic approach.
As a Clinical Psychologist I have experience working with a range of mental health issues, like depression and anxiety disorders, personality disorders, anger and stress management, difficulties with self-esteem and self-compassion, disordered eating habits, adjustment difficulties, chronic illness, sleep difficulties, trauma and work-related issues. I pride myself on establishing a strong therapeutic alliance with clients of all ages and enjoy working from a person-centred and psychodynamic approach.
(08) 6219 3860 View (08) 6219 3860
Photo of Jakub Dammer, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Jakub Dammer
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
I enjoy working with adolescents (12+) and adults from a variety of backgrounds, and I have a particular interest in working with males across the lifespan to better understand their mental health concerns. These can include a recent stressor or be part of a longstanding pattern of unhelpful or painful responses. Common challenges I work with include: work- and study-related stress, relationship difficulties, life transitions, loneliness, substance issues, behavioural addictions (e.g. pornography, gaming, gambling), anger and irritability, and thoughts around suicide/self-harm.
I enjoy working with adolescents (12+) and adults from a variety of backgrounds, and I have a particular interest in working with males across the lifespan to better understand their mental health concerns. These can include a recent stressor or be part of a longstanding pattern of unhelpful or painful responses. Common challenges I work with include: work- and study-related stress, relationship difficulties, life transitions, loneliness, substance issues, behavioural addictions (e.g. pornography, gaming, gambling), anger and irritability, and thoughts around suicide/self-harm.
(08) 6120 1081 View (08) 6120 1081
Photo of Nerrelle Champion - Healing Arts Psychotherapy and Counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Healing Arts Psychotherapy and Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Serves Area
Offering a safe, non-judgemental space where you can feel seen, supported and empowered. I provide trauma-informed counselling for children aged 6+, teens & adults, with a focus on FDV/DV, emotional abuse, coercive control, trauma recovery, PTSD, anxiety, ADHD, autism, emotional regulation difficulties inc BPD. I also support grief, overwhelm, stress, low self-worth, relationship difficulties, life transitions and general mental health concerns. Sessions combine practical strategies for daily challenges with deeper therapeutic work to explore patterns, build insight, support healing & create longer-term change, in person or online.
Offering a safe, non-judgemental space where you can feel seen, supported and empowered. I provide trauma-informed counselling for children aged 6+, teens & adults, with a focus on FDV/DV, emotional abuse, coercive control, trauma recovery, PTSD, anxiety, ADHD, autism, emotional regulation difficulties inc BPD. I also support grief, overwhelm, stress, low self-worth, relationship difficulties, life transitions and general mental health concerns. Sessions combine practical strategies for daily challenges with deeper therapeutic work to explore patterns, build insight, support healing & create longer-term change, in person or online.
(08) 9509 6007 View (08) 9509 6007
Photo of Wakaroa Taki, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Wakaroa Taki
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Wakaroa (Waka) is a registered psychologist for over 10 years and has extensive experience in depression, anxiety, and stress related issues, grief and loss, self-esteem, confidence building, and relationship difficulties. His approach is to work collaboratively with clients in order improve their understanding of their own mental health, and from there, develop coping strategies to build mental resilience.
Wakaroa (Waka) is a registered psychologist for over 10 years and has extensive experience in depression, anxiety, and stress related issues, grief and loss, self-esteem, confidence building, and relationship difficulties. His approach is to work collaboratively with clients in order improve their understanding of their own mental health, and from there, develop coping strategies to build mental resilience.
(08) 6219 3727 View (08) 6219 3727
Photo of Nora Gillespie, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Nora Gillespie
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I am a Registered Psychologist who is passionate about supporting young people, adults and their families to connect and grow as individuals but also collectively. I work collaboratively with clients to address different life challenges including stress, anxiety, depression, parenting struggles and developmental issues using a range of counselling approaches and psychological interventions. As one of the very few Vietnamese speaking psychologist in WA, I aspire to support the community seek support for their wellbeing without the cultural stigma and challenges.
I am a Registered Psychologist who is passionate about supporting young people, adults and their families to connect and grow as individuals but also collectively. I work collaboratively with clients to address different life challenges including stress, anxiety, depression, parenting struggles and developmental issues using a range of counselling approaches and psychological interventions. As one of the very few Vietnamese speaking psychologist in WA, I aspire to support the community seek support for their wellbeing without the cultural stigma and challenges.
(08) 6219 3539 View (08) 6219 3539

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Tara Reale - South Beach Psychology, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
South Beach Psychology
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
2 Endorsed
South Fremantle, WA 6162
At South Beach Psychology, we know life gets busy—and getting support shouldn’t be hard. That’s why we offer flexible telehealth services (therapy, assessments, and capacity building) you can access from home, with hours from 7am–9pm during the week as well as Saturday mornings. Prefer in-person? We also offer limited face-to-face sessions from our Subiaco offices. Whether you're navigating challenges or working toward personal goals, we're here to help. Get in touch to see how we can support you.
At South Beach Psychology, we know life gets busy—and getting support shouldn’t be hard. That’s why we offer flexible telehealth services (therapy, assessments, and capacity building) you can access from home, with hours from 7am–9pm during the week as well as Saturday mornings. Prefer in-person? We also offer limited face-to-face sessions from our Subiaco offices. Whether you're navigating challenges or working toward personal goals, we're here to help. Get in touch to see how we can support you.
(08) 6219 3760 View (08) 6219 3760
Photo of Nerida Lovell
Nerida Lovell
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stirling, WA 6021
I am a grief counsellor and I offer bereavement support and counselling for carers, parents and anyone else who spends their time and energy helping those around them, rather than looking after themselves. Offering a welcoming space for you to feel at ease in talking about what's troubling you (which I know can be really hard), my job is to provide the support you need to make positive changes in your life. I also offer Walk and Talk sessions if you prefer to get a bit of exercise while you talk! Feel free to email me to ask any questions.
I am a grief counsellor and I offer bereavement support and counselling for carers, parents and anyone else who spends their time and energy helping those around them, rather than looking after themselves. Offering a welcoming space for you to feel at ease in talking about what's troubling you (which I know can be really hard), my job is to provide the support you need to make positive changes in your life. I also offer Walk and Talk sessions if you prefer to get a bit of exercise while you talk! Feel free to email me to ask any questions.
(08) 6490 9610 View (08) 6490 9610
Photo of Liana Quinn, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Liana Quinn
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Mount Lawley, WA 6050
Taking the first step towards therapy takes courage. I'm glad you're here. I have completed a double degree in both Counselling and Applied Psychology. I work with individuals experiencing Depression, Anxiety, Panic Disorder, Eating Disorder, Stress and Trauma related challenges. Whether you're feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain, I offer a safe space to explore what you're going through and begin making meaningful changes.
Taking the first step towards therapy takes courage. I'm glad you're here. I have completed a double degree in both Counselling and Applied Psychology. I work with individuals experiencing Depression, Anxiety, Panic Disorder, Eating Disorder, Stress and Trauma related challenges. Whether you're feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain, I offer a safe space to explore what you're going through and begin making meaningful changes.
0411 230 333 View 0411 230 333
Photo of Kym Murray, Counsellor, ACA-L3
Kym Murray
Counsellor, ACA-L3
Leeming, WA 6149
Are you struggling right now? Do you feel overwhelmed or alone? Is it challenging to get through the day, interact with others, manage circumstances, or heal from past trauma? Whether your concerns are significant life events, relationship conflicts, troubles with coping, poor mental health or barriers to self-development, I may be able to help. Engaging in counselling/psychotherapy means having support while working towards insight and healing, enhancing relationships, or developing healthier coping strategies and ways of thinking that can lead to improved wellbeing and quality of life.
Are you struggling right now? Do you feel overwhelmed or alone? Is it challenging to get through the day, interact with others, manage circumstances, or heal from past trauma? Whether your concerns are significant life events, relationship conflicts, troubles with coping, poor mental health or barriers to self-development, I may be able to help. Engaging in counselling/psychotherapy means having support while working towards insight and healing, enhancing relationships, or developing healthier coping strategies and ways of thinking that can lead to improved wellbeing and quality of life.
(08) 6171 2922 View (08) 6171 2922
Photo of Claire Fitzgerald, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Claire Fitzgerald
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Subiaco, WA 6008
I work with people who are carrying more than they can sort through alone including adolescents, adults, and couples navigating eating disorders, perinatal mental health, anxiety, mood, trauma, neurodiversity, life transitions, and workplace stress. My approach is warm and honest. I draw on a range of evidence-based therapies, shaped around what actually helps you, not a single framework applied to everyone. We work at a pace that feels manageable, because good therapy rarely follows a straight line. The goal isn't perfection, it's feeling more like yourself. Based in Subiaco, Perth, with telehealth available across Australia.
I work with people who are carrying more than they can sort through alone including adolescents, adults, and couples navigating eating disorders, perinatal mental health, anxiety, mood, trauma, neurodiversity, life transitions, and workplace stress. My approach is warm and honest. I draw on a range of evidence-based therapies, shaped around what actually helps you, not a single framework applied to everyone. We work at a pace that feels manageable, because good therapy rarely follows a straight line. The goal isn't perfection, it's feeling more like yourself. Based in Subiaco, Perth, with telehealth available across Australia.
(08) 6171 3077 View (08) 6171 3077
Photo of Tristan Mitsopoulos, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Tristan Mitsopoulos
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Como, WA 6152
I’m a Registered Psychologist with almost 15 years of clinical experience, and I’ve spent the last decade working with individuals and couples in private practice. I try to bring warmth, curiosity, and a very real sense of partnership into the room. My job is to help you face what’s in front of you and build the confidence to be in the driver's seat as you handle life’s challenges. I also supervise early‑career psychologists, which I genuinely enjoy — helping them grow into ethical, grounded practitioners.
I’m a Registered Psychologist with almost 15 years of clinical experience, and I’ve spent the last decade working with individuals and couples in private practice. I try to bring warmth, curiosity, and a very real sense of partnership into the room. My job is to help you face what’s in front of you and build the confidence to be in the driver's seat as you handle life’s challenges. I also supervise early‑career psychologists, which I genuinely enjoy — helping them grow into ethical, grounded practitioners.
0494 626 015 View 0494 626 015
Photo of Melanie Ward, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Melanie Ward
Counsellor, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Fremantle, WA 6160
Are you struggling to deal with an unexpected life event such as the end of an important relationship, the death of someone you love or a life transition that came out of nowhere? Are you feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed or stuck? Do you have a general sense of unease in your life? Grief and loss is a challenging emotional experience that can create immense feelings of sadness and confusion about how to cope. Counselling provides a confidential space to explore what has been going on for you and allows you to feel heard and understood.
Are you struggling to deal with an unexpected life event such as the end of an important relationship, the death of someone you love or a life transition that came out of nowhere? Are you feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed or stuck? Do you have a general sense of unease in your life? Grief and loss is a challenging emotional experience that can create immense feelings of sadness and confusion about how to cope. Counselling provides a confidential space to explore what has been going on for you and allows you to feel heard and understood.
(08) 9468 7247 View (08) 9468 7247
Photo of Dr Sophie Henshaw, Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Dr Sophie Henshaw
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
1 Endorsed
Lake Coogee, WA 6166
Toxic workplaces take their toll. It can take less than 6 months to develop a psychological injury as a result of being constantly undermined, criticised, white-anted and excluded. It may take even longer before you recognise it as "workplace bullying". Now your back is against the wall. You can't leave because you need the income, but you also want to quit. You're full of self-doubt. I've had over 30 years of helping targets of bullying, at work and at home. I will back you every step of the way, and help guide you through the worker's comp process as you begin your emotional recovery while working towards a positive outcome.
Toxic workplaces take their toll. It can take less than 6 months to develop a psychological injury as a result of being constantly undermined, criticised, white-anted and excluded. It may take even longer before you recognise it as "workplace bullying". Now your back is against the wall. You can't leave because you need the income, but you also want to quit. You're full of self-doubt. I've had over 30 years of helping targets of bullying, at work and at home. I will back you every step of the way, and help guide you through the worker's comp process as you begin your emotional recovery while working towards a positive outcome.
(08) 9551 7655 View (08) 9551 7655
Photo of John Robert Littler - Triumph Over Trauma, Counsellor
Triumph Over Trauma
Counsellor
1 Endorsed
Subiaco, WA 6008
My ideal clients are people who feel stuck, unsettled, or weighed down by patterns they do not fully understand, often linked to childhood wounds, trauma, or shame. They may function well on the outside but struggle internally with anxiety, reactivity, relationship difficulties, or a lack of inner authority. They want clarity, emotional steadiness, and lasting change, not just coping strategies. Above all, they are seeking a safe, trustworthy space to speak honestly and be understood without judgement.
My ideal clients are people who feel stuck, unsettled, or weighed down by patterns they do not fully understand, often linked to childhood wounds, trauma, or shame. They may function well on the outside but struggle internally with anxiety, reactivity, relationship difficulties, or a lack of inner authority. They want clarity, emotional steadiness, and lasting change, not just coping strategies. Above all, they are seeking a safe, trustworthy space to speak honestly and be understood without judgement.
(08) 6171 2576 View (08) 6171 2576
Photo of Deborah Wright - Perth Counselling & Psychotherapy Services, Psychotherapist
I work with heterosexual, multiracial, same sex couples and individuals who are in a place of questioning or are seeking help with a specific situation or event. Couples may be wanting some "fine tuning" in specific areas of their relationship or they may be experiencing a crisis due to an infidelity or breakdown in communication and may be unsure if they can or even want to, stay together. Individuals may be ready to explore childhood issues, dealing with trauma or having an existential crisis. I teach Circle of Security an attachment based parent program for caregivers wanting to parent differently to their parents.
I work with heterosexual, multiracial, same sex couples and individuals who are in a place of questioning or are seeking help with a specific situation or event. Couples may be wanting some "fine tuning" in specific areas of their relationship or they may be experiencing a crisis due to an infidelity or breakdown in communication and may be unsure if they can or even want to, stay together. Individuals may be ready to explore childhood issues, dealing with trauma or having an existential crisis. I teach Circle of Security an attachment based parent program for caregivers wanting to parent differently to their parents.
(08) 7078 8285 View (08) 7078 8285

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 6061

10+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in 6061 who prioritize treating:

80% Anxiety
70% Depression
60% Stress
50% Relationship Issues
50% Anger Management
50% Behavioural Issues
50% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

57% Medicare Rebates
57% Bupa
57% Medibank Private

How Therapists in 6061 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 6061?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.