Counselling in 5168

Photo of Johann Dreyer, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Johann Dreyer
Psychotherapist, PACFA
2 Endorsed
Old Noarlunga, SA 5168
Hello. I'm Johann, a talk therapist passionate about helping you achieve emotional freedom. Originally from South Africa, my travels provide valuable perspectives for our sessions. As a father in a blended family with experience in disabilities, I offer a unique understanding and am grateful for the chance to join you in exploring your well-being! My background includes supporting individuals facing trauma, anxiety, depression, and attachment issues.
Hello. I'm Johann, a talk therapist passionate about helping you achieve emotional freedom. Originally from South Africa, my travels provide valuable perspectives for our sessions. As a father in a blended family with experience in disabilities, I offer a unique understanding and am grateful for the chance to join you in exploring your well-being! My background includes supporting individuals facing trauma, anxiety, depression, and attachment issues.
(08) 7100 9032 View (08) 7100 9032
Photo of Jo Scott - Jo Scott - Chronic Condition & Trauma Counselling, Social Worker, MA, AASW
Jo Scott - Chronic Condition & Trauma Counselling
Social Worker, MA, AASW
Serves Area
I work with individuals facing overwhelming situations that result in emotional distress. I specialise in working with the complex issues of chronic health conditions (e.g. endometriosis, PCOS, adenomyosis, cancer), chronic pain, and trauma. I help people overcome isolation, loneliness, grief, loss of identity, self-worth issues, and negative body image. For more information, please visit my website, and if you’d like to chat via phone, kindly book a consultation through the site so I can ensure I have the time and space to give you my full attention. Rural and remote clients welcome through telehealth.
I work with individuals facing overwhelming situations that result in emotional distress. I specialise in working with the complex issues of chronic health conditions (e.g. endometriosis, PCOS, adenomyosis, cancer), chronic pain, and trauma. I help people overcome isolation, loneliness, grief, loss of identity, self-worth issues, and negative body image. For more information, please visit my website, and if you’d like to chat via phone, kindly book a consultation through the site so I can ensure I have the time and space to give you my full attention. Rural and remote clients welcome through telehealth.
(08) 7110 0786 View (08) 7110 0786
Photo of Yianni Sianis - You Psychology Adelaide Pty Ltd atf T&K Watts Trus, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
You Psychology Adelaide Pty Ltd atf T&K Watts Trus
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Offering psychological support and treatment in areas of: Mood-related disorders Mental Health Rehabilitation Health Management ( IBS, Injury, motivation, sleep hygiene) Trauma Workplace issues and Return to Work Grief and Loss Stress Assertiveness
Offering psychological support and treatment in areas of: Mood-related disorders Mental Health Rehabilitation Health Management ( IBS, Injury, motivation, sleep hygiene) Trauma Workplace issues and Return to Work Grief and Loss Stress Assertiveness
(08) 7008 9212 View (08) 7008 9212
Photo of Carole Theiley - Perfect Pathways, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Perfect Pathways
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I have over 25 years working in counselling. Many clients come to me with self esteem issues and are fearful to make changes in their life. We work on those areas to assist them. I work with youth and adults who are looking for support with mental health issues and addictions.
I have over 25 years working in counselling. Many clients come to me with self esteem issues and are fearful to make changes in their life. We work on those areas to assist them. I work with youth and adults who are looking for support with mental health issues and addictions.
(08) 7523 4546 View (08) 7523 4546
Photo of Cameron Mitchell Trenowden - Refresh Counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Refresh Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Serves Area
Cameron is a counsellor whose priority is building connections and positive relationships which he views as essential in his practice. With background knowledge and experience in promoting well-being for all ages, he values tailoring his approach to each person and their individual needs through the use of the following therapeutic interventions: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Behaviour Modification, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Exposure Therapy, Mindfulness Mental health is something that Cameron believes is important for everyone and focuses on working with each client to achieve their goals.
Cameron is a counsellor whose priority is building connections and positive relationships which he views as essential in his practice. With background knowledge and experience in promoting well-being for all ages, he values tailoring his approach to each person and their individual needs through the use of the following therapeutic interventions: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Behaviour Modification, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Exposure Therapy, Mindfulness Mental health is something that Cameron believes is important for everyone and focuses on working with each client to achieve their goals.
(08) 7184 4019 View (08) 7184 4019
Photo of Simon Bartz - Elevate Counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Elevate Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
Guys...if stress, anxiety, or addiction has you feeling stuck, unmotivated, or lost...you’re not alone. I get how hard it can be to reach out—especially when opening up to mates or family feels too close to home. It’s easy to push through, hoping things will change—but often that only makes things harder. You don’t have to figure this out alone. Whether you need addiction counselling or support for life’s challenges, I’m here to help. Real change and a better future is within reach—one where you feel more in control, more like yourself again. I’m here to walk that path with you. If you're ready , let’s talk.
Guys...if stress, anxiety, or addiction has you feeling stuck, unmotivated, or lost...you’re not alone. I get how hard it can be to reach out—especially when opening up to mates or family feels too close to home. It’s easy to push through, hoping things will change—but often that only makes things harder. You don’t have to figure this out alone. Whether you need addiction counselling or support for life’s challenges, I’m here to help. Real change and a better future is within reach—one where you feel more in control, more like yourself again. I’m here to walk that path with you. If you're ready , let’s talk.
(08) 7184 5942 View (08) 7184 5942
Photo of Nathan Adams, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Nathan Adams
Counsellor, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
When struggling with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief & trauma & other issues, it is hard to gain perspective to understand your experience, your emotions, your problems and to see a way forward. These things can leave you feeling frustrated, exhausted and alone. It pays to speak with a mental health professional about your situation. I can provide the opportunity for you to share and make sense of your story in a safe environment where you will be heard & understood. After sharing your story we can work on specific goals and strategies to counter problems and promote more effective approaches.
When struggling with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief & trauma & other issues, it is hard to gain perspective to understand your experience, your emotions, your problems and to see a way forward. These things can leave you feeling frustrated, exhausted and alone. It pays to speak with a mental health professional about your situation. I can provide the opportunity for you to share and make sense of your story in a safe environment where you will be heard & understood. After sharing your story we can work on specific goals and strategies to counter problems and promote more effective approaches.
(08) 7100 9060 View (08) 7100 9060
Photo of Helen Birch, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Helen Birch
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Serves Area
As a professional counsellor, my goal is to bring greater clarity to your personal challenges, and direction & empowerment in finding a way through. I hold a special interest in assisting clients of any age suffering anxiety and panic, and thoroughly understand how incapacitating high levels of stress can be to all areas of your life and relationships. Your safety and well-being are something I prioritise, so I ensure your sessions are relaxed and supportive. Your issues and griefs are given time to be heard and validated, as I highly value your life story.
As a professional counsellor, my goal is to bring greater clarity to your personal challenges, and direction & empowerment in finding a way through. I hold a special interest in assisting clients of any age suffering anxiety and panic, and thoroughly understand how incapacitating high levels of stress can be to all areas of your life and relationships. Your safety and well-being are something I prioritise, so I ensure your sessions are relaxed and supportive. Your issues and griefs are given time to be heard and validated, as I highly value your life story.
(08) 7184 0737 View (08) 7184 0737
Photo of Richard Hughes - Richard Hughes & Associates, Counsellor, ACA-L4
Richard Hughes & Associates
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Serves Area
I am in safe hands, clients tell me. They feel this because they know I really understand their issues. This understanding is informed by many years in social work, in counselling and through lived experience. Most of my clients come via word of mouth from former or current clients. Clients can always expect to be shown respect, never judged & never be told what to do. All people have individual needs, problems and therefore ways in which they are worked through. When clients feel no hope, I hold the hope for them. Life can be more than difficult sometimes and it is important to realise that seeking help is a sign of strength.
I am in safe hands, clients tell me. They feel this because they know I really understand their issues. This understanding is informed by many years in social work, in counselling and through lived experience. Most of my clients come via word of mouth from former or current clients. Clients can always expect to be shown respect, never judged & never be told what to do. All people have individual needs, problems and therefore ways in which they are worked through. When clients feel no hope, I hold the hope for them. Life can be more than difficult sometimes and it is important to realise that seeking help is a sign of strength.
(08) 7184 4338 View (08) 7184 4338
Photo of Jacob Mangelsdorf, Counsellor, PACFA
Jacob Mangelsdorf
Counsellor, PACFA
Serves Area
I work holistically to understand the whole context of what brings people to this point in their life. I work with individuals couples and families to work through the root cause of the pain and work forwards with them to find healing and develop practical skills to not just manage difficulties but thrive and live their best life. I understand this may be very difficult. I have extensive experience in trauma, grief, working with suicidal ideation and people experiencing suicide loss. I have a passion for helping survivors, especially male survivors of abuse and trauma and helping people free themselves from shame.
I work holistically to understand the whole context of what brings people to this point in their life. I work with individuals couples and families to work through the root cause of the pain and work forwards with them to find healing and develop practical skills to not just manage difficulties but thrive and live their best life. I understand this may be very difficult. I have extensive experience in trauma, grief, working with suicidal ideation and people experiencing suicide loss. I have a passion for helping survivors, especially male survivors of abuse and trauma and helping people free themselves from shame.
(08) 7110 0536 View (08) 7110 0536
Photo of Shankari Sundaram, Social Worker, AMHSW
Shankari Sundaram
Social Worker, AMHSW
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
If you are emotionally overwhelmed and unsure about future directions, talking to a trained professional can help. Processing thoughts and emotions can help you clarify your goals and plan your next steps. Traumatic experiences that have not been processed may also impact your ability to find deeper contentment and purpose. Triggers in the present that spark PTSD-like responses can impede your ability to move forward. I can provide a safe place for you to explore challenges, old and new. We can go at a pace that is comfortable for you and chart your path to more peace and clarity.
If you are emotionally overwhelmed and unsure about future directions, talking to a trained professional can help. Processing thoughts and emotions can help you clarify your goals and plan your next steps. Traumatic experiences that have not been processed may also impact your ability to find deeper contentment and purpose. Triggers in the present that spark PTSD-like responses can impede your ability to move forward. I can provide a safe place for you to explore challenges, old and new. We can go at a pace that is comfortable for you and chart your path to more peace and clarity.
(08) 7008 7043 View (08) 7008 7043

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Joumana Jeffers - Illuminate Counselling, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Illuminate Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Toorak Gardens, SA 5065
I consider my role as a counsellor is to give you an opportunity to explore your issues and aim towards achieving your full potential of self-knowledge and growth. I am committed to providing a safe, confidential & non-judgmental environment, where you can talk about the difficult feelings and problems you are facing and uncover the root cause of your concerns. I draw on a wealth of professional and life experience to help you focus on issues and problems that are holding you back from achieving a more positive and satisfying life. Together, we collaboratively develop effective strategies to help you achieve lasting change.
I consider my role as a counsellor is to give you an opportunity to explore your issues and aim towards achieving your full potential of self-knowledge and growth. I am committed to providing a safe, confidential & non-judgmental environment, where you can talk about the difficult feelings and problems you are facing and uncover the root cause of your concerns. I draw on a wealth of professional and life experience to help you focus on issues and problems that are holding you back from achieving a more positive and satisfying life. Together, we collaboratively develop effective strategies to help you achieve lasting change.
(08) 7008 7338 View (08) 7008 7338
Photo of Maria Vince Tam, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Maria Vince Tam
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Adelaide, SA 5000
As a counsellor, I believe that every individual deserves the opportunity to thrive and live a fulfilling life. My passion is to help clients gain insight and provide them with some tools they need to overcome life’s challenges and achieve their goals. I believe that with the right tools and support, everyone can achieve their full potential and find a way forward. My approach is rooted in empathy, understanding, and respect as I believe that every person has unique experiences and perspectives. My goal is to provide a safe and supportive space where clients can express their feelings and thoughts without the fear of being judged.
As a counsellor, I believe that every individual deserves the opportunity to thrive and live a fulfilling life. My passion is to help clients gain insight and provide them with some tools they need to overcome life’s challenges and achieve their goals. I believe that with the right tools and support, everyone can achieve their full potential and find a way forward. My approach is rooted in empathy, understanding, and respect as I believe that every person has unique experiences and perspectives. My goal is to provide a safe and supportive space where clients can express their feelings and thoughts without the fear of being judged.
(08) 7008 9141 View (08) 7008 9141
Photo of Sarah Holloway - Brighter Life Therapy
Brighter Life Therapy
Verified Verified
Queenstown, SA 5014
Brighter Life Therapy uses advanced hypnotherapy and strategic psychotherapy techniques to assist you in overcoming a range of life challenges. We will work with you, via brief therapy, to achieve the results you desire. With a focus on outcomes rather than the past. We assist clients with challenges including: anxiety, motivation, sleep disorders, quitting smoking, pain management, phobias, confidence/self esteem, and changing habits. Brief therapy is a strategic, focused process that relies on assessment, client engagement, and rapid implementation of change strategies.
Brighter Life Therapy uses advanced hypnotherapy and strategic psychotherapy techniques to assist you in overcoming a range of life challenges. We will work with you, via brief therapy, to achieve the results you desire. With a focus on outcomes rather than the past. We assist clients with challenges including: anxiety, motivation, sleep disorders, quitting smoking, pain management, phobias, confidence/self esteem, and changing habits. Brief therapy is a strategic, focused process that relies on assessment, client engagement, and rapid implementation of change strategies.
(08) 7008 9835 View (08) 7008 9835
Photo of Fiona Kelly - FMK Psychology, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
FMK Psychology
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Payneham, SA 5070
If you or someone you care about is 17 years or older and has questions as to whether Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may apply please make contact. I am Clinical Psychologist with over 36 years experience. My practice specialises in the diagnosis of adults and follows the Australian National Guidelines for the assessment of ASD.
If you or someone you care about is 17 years or older and has questions as to whether Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may apply please make contact. I am Clinical Psychologist with over 36 years experience. My practice specialises in the diagnosis of adults and follows the Australian National Guidelines for the assessment of ASD.
(08) 7081 9380 View (08) 7081 9380
Photo of Grace Tiri - Hope Serenity Therapy, Social Worker, MA, AMHSW
Hope Serenity Therapy
Social Worker, MA, AMHSW
Serves Area
Hi, I am Grace Tiri, I work with individuals who are navigating trauma, depression, anxiety, life transitions, and the challenges of living in a new culture. Many of my clients are trauma survivors, immigrants or NDIS participants seeking support with emotional regulation, identity, or daily challenges. I also support individuals experiencing workplace issues. Clients often come to therapy feeling stuck, isolated, or exhausted. They want to feel understood, find balance, and reconnect with themselves. Their goals may include healing from past experiences, finding clarity and confidence in both their personal and professional life.
Hi, I am Grace Tiri, I work with individuals who are navigating trauma, depression, anxiety, life transitions, and the challenges of living in a new culture. Many of my clients are trauma survivors, immigrants or NDIS participants seeking support with emotional regulation, identity, or daily challenges. I also support individuals experiencing workplace issues. Clients often come to therapy feeling stuck, isolated, or exhausted. They want to feel understood, find balance, and reconnect with themselves. Their goals may include healing from past experiences, finding clarity and confidence in both their personal and professional life.
(08) 7943 6229 View (08) 7943 6229
Photo of Natalee Cooper, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Natalee Cooper
Counsellor, ACA-L2
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you feel overwhelmed, stuck, or like therapy hasn’t truly helped, I offer something different. I work gently with your nervous system, not just your thoughts — blending trauma-informed counselling, somatic therapy, and parts work to help you feel safe, seen, and whole. You don’t have to push through or go it alone anymore. If you're ready to feel more like you again, I’d be honoured to walk alongside you.
If you feel overwhelmed, stuck, or like therapy hasn’t truly helped, I offer something different. I work gently with your nervous system, not just your thoughts — blending trauma-informed counselling, somatic therapy, and parts work to help you feel safe, seen, and whole. You don’t have to push through or go it alone anymore. If you're ready to feel more like you again, I’d be honoured to walk alongside you.
(07) 4243 4377 View (07) 4243 4377
Photo of Eva Damarjati - Dance Your Life Counselling Canberra, Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Dance Your Life Counselling Canberra
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Serves Area
Please remember—you are not alone. Whatever challenges or difficult emotions you’re facing, you have the strength within you to move through them. If you're feeling overwhelmed, scared, lost, anxious, lonely, confused, angry, sad, or anything in between—know that all of these emotions are welcome here. You are invited to feel them fully, gently... and then, when you're ready, let them pass. I know it can be hard to face the unknown parts of yourself. But I invite you to be brave—to explore within, to meet yourself with compassion, and to discover the love that lives in you. You are worthy. You are capable. You are not alone.
Please remember—you are not alone. Whatever challenges or difficult emotions you’re facing, you have the strength within you to move through them. If you're feeling overwhelmed, scared, lost, anxious, lonely, confused, angry, sad, or anything in between—know that all of these emotions are welcome here. You are invited to feel them fully, gently... and then, when you're ready, let them pass. I know it can be hard to face the unknown parts of yourself. But I invite you to be brave—to explore within, to meet yourself with compassion, and to discover the love that lives in you. You are worthy. You are capable. You are not alone.
(02) 5120 0479 View (02) 5120 0479
Photo of Heather Ferry, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Heather Ferry
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Serves Area
Whatever your situation, my aim is to support you to find understanding, build resilience and navigate life's challenges in a gentle and natural way. I work with individuals on a wide range of issues and concerns, including but not limited to, depression, anxiety, stress, grief and loss, life transitions, fears and phobias, health and wellness, weight issues, and general life challenges. I have a strong focus on nervous system regulation, anxiety and stress reduction. ​
Whatever your situation, my aim is to support you to find understanding, build resilience and navigate life's challenges in a gentle and natural way. I work with individuals on a wide range of issues and concerns, including but not limited to, depression, anxiety, stress, grief and loss, life transitions, fears and phobias, health and wellness, weight issues, and general life challenges. I have a strong focus on nervous system regulation, anxiety and stress reduction. ​
(08) 6728 3133 View (08) 6728 3133
Photo of Matthew Slarke, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Matthew Slarke
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
My goal is to help you gain insight and clarity whilst navigating your mental health recovery, and doing so with care and compassion. Taking the first step towards therapy can be daunting, but I strive to provide a warm and welcoming environment to help you you to feel comfortable to work through anything you need to.
My goal is to help you gain insight and clarity whilst navigating your mental health recovery, and doing so with care and compassion. Taking the first step towards therapy can be daunting, but I strive to provide a warm and welcoming environment to help you you to feel comfortable to work through anything you need to.
(02) 9100 0754 View (02) 9100 0754

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 5168

10+

Average cost per session

$130

Counsellors in 5168 who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
91% Self Esteem
91% Stress
82% Depression
73% Grief
64% Trauma and PTSD
64% Peer Relationships

Average years in practice

5 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Police Health
67% Teachers Health
67% NDIS

How Counsellors in 5168 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

64% Male
36% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 5168?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.