Counselling in 5034

Photo of Dr Stacey McCallum, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Stacey McCallum
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Goodwood, SA 5034
I have special interests in the treatment of Personality Disorders, particularly Borderline Personality Disorder. Other areas of interest include Interpersonal Relationships & Conflicts, Anxiety, Women's Health and Substance Use Disorders. I enjoy working with a range of clients including Adults, Adolescents and Couples.
I have special interests in the treatment of Personality Disorders, particularly Borderline Personality Disorder. Other areas of interest include Interpersonal Relationships & Conflicts, Anxiety, Women's Health and Substance Use Disorders. I enjoy working with a range of clients including Adults, Adolescents and Couples.
(08) 7008 7073 View (08) 7008 7073
Photo of Kai Robinson - Polysoma, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Polysoma
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Goodwood, SA 5034
My clients seek specialised support for sexual concerns that are hard to discuss. You may face painful sex, low desire, performance anxiety, intimacy struggles, experiencing problematic sexual behaviours, or are healing from sexual trauma. You need proper sexology training—not generic therapy. You want to reclaim confidence, heal shame, and rebuild intimacy. I'm a psychotherapist and sex therapist with formal sexology qualifications (MCouns, GradCertSexol), Registered Australian Counselling Association, member of the Society of Australian Sexologists. Trauma-informed, compassionate, judgment-free.
My clients seek specialised support for sexual concerns that are hard to discuss. You may face painful sex, low desire, performance anxiety, intimacy struggles, experiencing problematic sexual behaviours, or are healing from sexual trauma. You need proper sexology training—not generic therapy. You want to reclaim confidence, heal shame, and rebuild intimacy. I'm a psychotherapist and sex therapist with formal sexology qualifications (MCouns, GradCertSexol), Registered Australian Counselling Association, member of the Society of Australian Sexologists. Trauma-informed, compassionate, judgment-free.
(08) 7008 9770 View (08) 7008 9770
Photo of Ben Buttfield, Occupational Therapist, MSc
Ben Buttfield
Occupational Therapist, MSc
1 Endorsed
Wayville, SA 5034
I am a mental health occupational therapist, men's wellbeing coach and leadership consultant, with 20 years of experience. I specialise in working with men in midlife (approximately 35 to 65 years of age) who are facing a lack of meaning and purpose, career stagnation/burnout, a relationship breakdown, mental health challenges, poor physical health, social isolation or difficulty communicating with loved ones.
I am a mental health occupational therapist, men's wellbeing coach and leadership consultant, with 20 years of experience. I specialise in working with men in midlife (approximately 35 to 65 years of age) who are facing a lack of meaning and purpose, career stagnation/burnout, a relationship breakdown, mental health challenges, poor physical health, social isolation or difficulty communicating with loved ones.
(08) 7008 9445 x61 View (08) 7008 9445 x61
Photo of Valda Burleigh, Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Valda Burleigh
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Millswood, SA 5034
I aim to create a safe environment for clients to talk, and for them to feel they are being heard and understood. Clients may then want to:- learn to manage feelings and thought life, regain control after a traumatic incident, relate better to people, be more at ease with themselves and life, process regrets of the past or anxieties of the future, process past experiences impacting the present, navigate grief, gain tools to conduct healthy and safe relationships, communicate effectively, explore who they are and what they want in life, have trust and intimacy restored in a relationship, explore life’s issues of spirituality….etc.
I aim to create a safe environment for clients to talk, and for them to feel they are being heard and understood. Clients may then want to:- learn to manage feelings and thought life, regain control after a traumatic incident, relate better to people, be more at ease with themselves and life, process regrets of the past or anxieties of the future, process past experiences impacting the present, navigate grief, gain tools to conduct healthy and safe relationships, communicate effectively, explore who they are and what they want in life, have trust and intimacy restored in a relationship, explore life’s issues of spirituality….etc.
(08) 7079 4202 View (08) 7079 4202
Photo of Mariya Zubaryeva, Social Worker, AMHSW
Mariya Zubaryeva
Social Worker, AMHSW
Goodwood, SA 5034
Hello and welcome to Calm Cove Therapy! At times, it can feel like you are in a constant battle. My mission is to empower you (or your loved one) to navigate life's tumultuous seas with grace and resilience, finding calm amidst the chaos. I have a very warm, genuine and empathetic approach towards anyone that walks through the door. I am passionate about helping others heal and become the most authentic version of themselves through powerful use of therapy. This can aid with understanding, embracing, and accepting why we are the way we are and how we can create a balanced life that is meaningful and fulfilling.
Hello and welcome to Calm Cove Therapy! At times, it can feel like you are in a constant battle. My mission is to empower you (or your loved one) to navigate life's tumultuous seas with grace and resilience, finding calm amidst the chaos. I have a very warm, genuine and empathetic approach towards anyone that walks through the door. I am passionate about helping others heal and become the most authentic version of themselves through powerful use of therapy. This can aid with understanding, embracing, and accepting why we are the way we are and how we can create a balanced life that is meaningful and fulfilling.
(08) 7008 7903 View (08) 7008 7903
Photo of Luke Williams, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Luke Williams
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Goodwood, SA 5034
I enjoy working with clients of all ages and cultural backgrounds. I have a particular passion for treating trauma, however also enjoy assisting people in overcoming a range of issues including depression, anxiety, substance abuse, work and life stress and personality disorders. I believe in a strength based approach which focuses on helping people build their internal resilience and overcome their personal struggles.
I enjoy working with clients of all ages and cultural backgrounds. I have a particular passion for treating trauma, however also enjoy assisting people in overcoming a range of issues including depression, anxiety, substance abuse, work and life stress and personality disorders. I believe in a strength based approach which focuses on helping people build their internal resilience and overcome their personal struggles.
(08) 7008 9085 View (08) 7008 9085
Photo of Helen Billows, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Helen Billows
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Goodwood, SA 5034
If you've tried therapy before and still feel stuck, that's likely not on you. It usually means the work hasn't reached the root of the problem yet. I'm Helen Billows, a registered psychologist in Adelaide with a special interest in trauma, PTSD, complex trauma, and EMDR. I work with people who are exhausted by the ongoing impact of their history - the triggers, the shutdown, the patterns in relationships that keep repeating no matter how much they understand them logically.
If you've tried therapy before and still feel stuck, that's likely not on you. It usually means the work hasn't reached the root of the problem yet. I'm Helen Billows, a registered psychologist in Adelaide with a special interest in trauma, PTSD, complex trauma, and EMDR. I work with people who are exhausted by the ongoing impact of their history - the triggers, the shutdown, the patterns in relationships that keep repeating no matter how much they understand them logically.
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Photo of Genevieve Roberts, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Genevieve Roberts
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Goodwood, SA 5034
Welcome! I’m Genevieve, a clinical psychologist dedicated to helping individuals and families overcome challenges and enhance their quality of life. I love to support children, adolescents, and young adults. I have experience working in neuroaffirming ways with and celebrating neurodivergent identities—including ADHD, autistic people, AuDHD, and intellectual disability. Other experiences I commonly see include anxiety, depression, OCD, and challenges related to stress and life adjustments.
Welcome! I’m Genevieve, a clinical psychologist dedicated to helping individuals and families overcome challenges and enhance their quality of life. I love to support children, adolescents, and young adults. I have experience working in neuroaffirming ways with and celebrating neurodivergent identities—including ADHD, autistic people, AuDHD, and intellectual disability. Other experiences I commonly see include anxiety, depression, OCD, and challenges related to stress and life adjustments.
(08) 7008 7214 View (08) 7008 7214
Photo of Ravi Grundy, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Ravi Grundy
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Goodwood, SA 5034
I work with people who are juggling a lot—whether it's the lasting impact of childhood or past trauma, ongoing anxiety, or the day-to-day stress of parenting and relationships. You might be someone who tends to take on a lot, who strives to stay in control or meet high expectations, even when it feels exhausting. To others, you may appear outwardly successful but internally feel stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected. If you're looking for a space to better understand yourself, let go of unhelpful patterns, and move toward a more balanced and fulfilling life, we may be a good fit.
I work with people who are juggling a lot—whether it's the lasting impact of childhood or past trauma, ongoing anxiety, or the day-to-day stress of parenting and relationships. You might be someone who tends to take on a lot, who strives to stay in control or meet high expectations, even when it feels exhausting. To others, you may appear outwardly successful but internally feel stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected. If you're looking for a space to better understand yourself, let go of unhelpful patterns, and move toward a more balanced and fulfilling life, we may be a good fit.
(08) 7008 9524 View (08) 7008 9524
Photo of Maria Naranjo Mendoza, Counsellor, PACFA
Maria Naranjo Mendoza
Counsellor, PACFA
Millswood, SA 5034
Life’s journey can be challenging and seeking support is a courageous step toward personal growth and inner healing. Whether you are navigating a difficult life transition, facing a loss, having relationship challenges, or are simply seeking personal growth and direction, I am committed to walk with you with empathy and care.
Life’s journey can be challenging and seeking support is a courageous step toward personal growth and inner healing. Whether you are navigating a difficult life transition, facing a loss, having relationship challenges, or are simply seeking personal growth and direction, I am committed to walk with you with empathy and care.
(08) 7008 7591 View (08) 7008 7591
Photo of Michael Tartaglia, Psychiatrist, FRANZCP
Michael Tartaglia
Psychiatrist, FRANZCP
Wayville, SA 5034
People often come to therapy feeling stuck and overwhelmed, repeating patterns in their lives that they do not fully understand, or during periods of difficulty, change or uncertainty. Psychotherapy can offer a safe and caring space to reflect and explore emotions, build a freer and more authentic sense of self, and improve relationships. I work with people who have a range of problems, such as existential anxieties, general unhappiness in life, dissociation, recurrent disturbing memories from the past, as well as people who have clinical diagnoses such as PTSD, C-PTSD, personality disorder, anxiety disorder and depression.
People often come to therapy feeling stuck and overwhelmed, repeating patterns in their lives that they do not fully understand, or during periods of difficulty, change or uncertainty. Psychotherapy can offer a safe and caring space to reflect and explore emotions, build a freer and more authentic sense of self, and improve relationships. I work with people who have a range of problems, such as existential anxieties, general unhappiness in life, dissociation, recurrent disturbing memories from the past, as well as people who have clinical diagnoses such as PTSD, C-PTSD, personality disorder, anxiety disorder and depression.
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Photo of Matthew Franklin Smout, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Matthew Franklin Smout
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Wayville, SA 5034
I enjoy working with adults with diverse mental health or addiction problems including helping people figure out why they're dissatisfied with life or not coping as well as they'd like. I'm most experienced with helping people struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, trauma, eating disorders, sleep problems or substance use difficulties. I like to help people clarify what they want from life and help them pursue their own goals. I like to work with people who prefer science-backed methods and who are willing to be active participants in therapy and in life.
I enjoy working with adults with diverse mental health or addiction problems including helping people figure out why they're dissatisfied with life or not coping as well as they'd like. I'm most experienced with helping people struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, trauma, eating disorders, sleep problems or substance use difficulties. I like to help people clarify what they want from life and help them pursue their own goals. I like to work with people who prefer science-backed methods and who are willing to be active participants in therapy and in life.
(08) 7008 9523 View (08) 7008 9523
Photo of Cathleen Zhang - Cathleen | the kind space: Therapy & Counselling, Social Worker, AMHSW
Cathleen | the kind space: Therapy & Counselling
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
You may be seeking support because things feel harder to manage, whether this shows up as anxiety, low mood, overthinking, emotional overwhelm, relationship difficulties, or feeling disconnected from yourself. Sometimes we can look like we are coping on the outside while feeling stuck or exhausted internally. I offer a warm, collaborative therapy space to help you make sense of your experiences and work toward meaningful change. I support adults and young people with anxiety, depression, trauma, attachment and relationship concerns, self-worth, grief and life transitions.
You may be seeking support because things feel harder to manage, whether this shows up as anxiety, low mood, overthinking, emotional overwhelm, relationship difficulties, or feeling disconnected from yourself. Sometimes we can look like we are coping on the outside while feeling stuck or exhausted internally. I offer a warm, collaborative therapy space to help you make sense of your experiences and work toward meaningful change. I support adults and young people with anxiety, depression, trauma, attachment and relationship concerns, self-worth, grief and life transitions.
(08) 7079 5647 View (08) 7079 5647
Photo of Karie Rohrlach - Karie Rohrlach (Zanti), Counsellor, PACFA
Karie Rohrlach (Zanti)
Counsellor, PACFA
Serves Area
You may be someone who feels things deeply and notices more than most people around you. On the outside you may appear capable and coping, yet internally feel anxious, overwhelmed, or drained from carrying more than you let on. You might find yourself overthinking interactions, absorbing other people’s emotions, or struggling to set clear boundaries in relationships. Many of the people I work with are thoughtful, empathic, and often intuitive individuals who want to better understand themselves, feel calmer in their own nervous system, and develop a stronger sense of where they end and others begin.
You may be someone who feels things deeply and notices more than most people around you. On the outside you may appear capable and coping, yet internally feel anxious, overwhelmed, or drained from carrying more than you let on. You might find yourself overthinking interactions, absorbing other people’s emotions, or struggling to set clear boundaries in relationships. Many of the people I work with are thoughtful, empathic, and often intuitive individuals who want to better understand themselves, feel calmer in their own nervous system, and develop a stronger sense of where they end and others begin.
(08) 7666 4209 View (08) 7666 4209
Photo of Rebekah Ireland, Psychotherapist, MA, ANZAP Graduate
Rebekah Ireland
Psychotherapist, MA, ANZAP Graduate
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I have over 20 years of experience in mental health, I’ve supported people through a wide range of challenges, including complex trauma, difficulties in relationships, anxiety, depression, identity struggles, and suicidal thoughts. I worked in acute mental health teams, and community-based mental health services. I offer psychotherapy that helps people explore their inner experiences and the patterns in their relationships that may be causing distress or keeping them stuck. I am eligible to provide Medicare rebates under a valid Mental Health Treatment Plan.
I have over 20 years of experience in mental health, I’ve supported people through a wide range of challenges, including complex trauma, difficulties in relationships, anxiety, depression, identity struggles, and suicidal thoughts. I worked in acute mental health teams, and community-based mental health services. I offer psychotherapy that helps people explore their inner experiences and the patterns in their relationships that may be causing distress or keeping them stuck. I am eligible to provide Medicare rebates under a valid Mental Health Treatment Plan.
(08) 7008 9170 View (08) 7008 9170
Photo of Michelle Dean Woods, Social Worker, AASW
Michelle Dean Woods
Social Worker, AASW
Serves Area
Welcome! I offer counselling that is tailored to your situation with a focus on achieving change that is meaningful to you. Life is undoubtedly tricky sometimes. Taking time out to gain new perspectives and make sense of your experience can help. I have a warm, genuine, empathic and often humorous approach, based on over 20 years of experience. I enjoy connecting with adults and teens. I invite you to call and discuss your situation and how I may be of help, today.
Welcome! I offer counselling that is tailored to your situation with a focus on achieving change that is meaningful to you. Life is undoubtedly tricky sometimes. Taking time out to gain new perspectives and make sense of your experience can help. I have a warm, genuine, empathic and often humorous approach, based on over 20 years of experience. I enjoy connecting with adults and teens. I invite you to call and discuss your situation and how I may be of help, today.
(08) 7008 9840 View (08) 7008 9840
Photo of Richard Browne, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Richard Browne
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Serves Area
I work with men on a variety of issues that affect their day to day lives. In person in Adelaide or online to fit your needs. Life is complicated. Let's talk.
I work with men on a variety of issues that affect their day to day lives. In person in Adelaide or online to fit your needs. Life is complicated. Let's talk.
0421 759 651 View 0421 759 651
Photo of Kai Niezgoda - Transform Counselling, Social Worker, AASW
Transform Counselling
Social Worker, AASW
Serves Area
Many people living with complex trauma, anxiety, neurodivergence, and the impacts of LGBTQIA+ minority stress come to therapy believing there is something "wrong" with them. We can struggle for a lifetime in our attempts to "fix" ourselves and our lives. But what if the basic premise isn't true? My practice is grounded in the belief that you have responded to your life exactly as anyone else would, given what you've been through. In our work, I'll support you to understand this impact, identify the resources you already bring, develop new approaches if needed, and keep your life pointed in the direction of what truly matters to you.
Many people living with complex trauma, anxiety, neurodivergence, and the impacts of LGBTQIA+ minority stress come to therapy believing there is something "wrong" with them. We can struggle for a lifetime in our attempts to "fix" ourselves and our lives. But what if the basic premise isn't true? My practice is grounded in the belief that you have responded to your life exactly as anyone else would, given what you've been through. In our work, I'll support you to understand this impact, identify the resources you already bring, develop new approaches if needed, and keep your life pointed in the direction of what truly matters to you.
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Photo of Dr Carol Snellgrove, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Carol Snellgrove
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
Life can sometimes feel overwhelming—whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship difficulties, chronic pain, work stress, burnout, or a major life change. You may feel stuck, exhausted, uncertain, or disconnected from the life you want to be living. My aim is to provide a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental space where you feel genuinely heard and understood. Together, we can explore the challenges you're facing, gain insight into patterns that may be holding you back, and develop practical strategies to help you move forward with greater confidence and wellbeing.
Life can sometimes feel overwhelming—whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship difficulties, chronic pain, work stress, burnout, or a major life change. You may feel stuck, exhausted, uncertain, or disconnected from the life you want to be living. My aim is to provide a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental space where you feel genuinely heard and understood. Together, we can explore the challenges you're facing, gain insight into patterns that may be holding you back, and develop practical strategies to help you move forward with greater confidence and wellbeing.
(08) 7008 7721 View (08) 7008 7721
Photo of Sam Thomson - Sam Thomson | SJT Counselling, Social Worker
Sam Thomson | SJT Counselling
Social Worker
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you struggling with motivation, trying to make sense of a recent loss, or putting on a brave face while feeling far from okay inside? Maybe you're going through a tough life transition, and you're not sure how to think, feel, or if your experience is "normal"? You don’t need the right words, a clear goal, or a crisis to be here. Therapy can start exactly where you are. Working with me feels more like a grounded conversation than a clinical process. Sessions are collaborative, unhurried, and focused on helping you understand what’s weighing on you, without pressure to fix yourself or move on before you’re ready.
Are you struggling with motivation, trying to make sense of a recent loss, or putting on a brave face while feeling far from okay inside? Maybe you're going through a tough life transition, and you're not sure how to think, feel, or if your experience is "normal"? You don’t need the right words, a clear goal, or a crisis to be here. Therapy can start exactly where you are. Working with me feels more like a grounded conversation than a clinical process. Sessions are collaborative, unhurried, and focused on helping you understand what’s weighing on you, without pressure to fix yourself or move on before you’re ready.
(08) 7008 9154 View (08) 7008 9154

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 5034

30+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in 5034 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Relationship Issues
65% Stress
61% Self Esteem
58% Trauma and PTSD
45% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Bupa
65% Teachers Health
55% Medibank Private

How Therapists in 5034 see their clients

97% In Person and Online
3% Online Only

Gender breakdown

67% Female
30% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 5034?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.