Counselling in 2217

Photo of Elizabeth Talbot, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Elizabeth Talbot
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Kogarah, NSW 2217
As your clinical psychologist, I want to understand your situation, so I start by listening to you with a curious, open mind and without judgement. I help you explore your feelings and behaviours through reflection, to uncover the beliefs that sit behind them. From this foundation of understanding, we work collaboratively to find practical strategies to manage your thoughts, behaviours and feelings. So whether you need long-term support or an occasional visit, you can move forward with more ease, confidence and optimism.
As your clinical psychologist, I want to understand your situation, so I start by listening to you with a curious, open mind and without judgement. I help you explore your feelings and behaviours through reflection, to uncover the beliefs that sit behind them. From this foundation of understanding, we work collaboratively to find practical strategies to manage your thoughts, behaviours and feelings. So whether you need long-term support or an occasional visit, you can move forward with more ease, confidence and optimism.
(02) 8806 0157 View (02) 8806 0157
Photo of Steven Passfield, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Steven Passfield
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Steven is a psychologist who provides a calming presence to aid individuals understand and resolve their struggles within a relaxed environment. Steven emphasises the individuality of each client to ensure that they are seen as more than a diagnosis and receive an intervention tailored to their needs. Steven has completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science (Honours) and Master of Clinical Psychology. Steven has had experience working within public and private settings to address a variety of presenting issues, including anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma.
Steven is a psychologist who provides a calming presence to aid individuals understand and resolve their struggles within a relaxed environment. Steven emphasises the individuality of each client to ensure that they are seen as more than a diagnosis and receive an intervention tailored to their needs. Steven has completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science (Honours) and Master of Clinical Psychology. Steven has had experience working within public and private settings to address a variety of presenting issues, including anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma.
(02) 8105 6288 View (02) 8105 6288
Photo of Kristen Bayliss, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Kristen Bayliss
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Ramsgate, NSW 2217
I provide a compassionate and authentic therapeutic experience, centered around the unique needs of each client. My background encompasses a wide range of age groups and clinical presentations, including depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD, relationship issues/couples therapy, family dysfunction, self esteem, confidence, and grief. My approach integrates various therapeutic frameworks, including attachment theory, Psycho-dynamic, Humanistic, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT). I am also qualified in EMDR therapy for trauma and PTSD.
I provide a compassionate and authentic therapeutic experience, centered around the unique needs of each client. My background encompasses a wide range of age groups and clinical presentations, including depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD, relationship issues/couples therapy, family dysfunction, self esteem, confidence, and grief. My approach integrates various therapeutic frameworks, including attachment theory, Psycho-dynamic, Humanistic, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT). I am also qualified in EMDR therapy for trauma and PTSD.
(02) 7501 0936 View (02) 7501 0936
Photo of Tala Mansour - Centred Life Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Centred Life Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
1 Endorsed
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Finding the right EMDR psychologist in Sydney can feel overwhelming. You deserve a therapist who truly sees you, someone who understands your unique identity and moves at a pace that feels right for you. We provide a safe, culturally sensitive, and spiritually grounded space where we move at a pace that feels right for you.
Finding the right EMDR psychologist in Sydney can feel overwhelming. You deserve a therapist who truly sees you, someone who understands your unique identity and moves at a pace that feels right for you. We provide a safe, culturally sensitive, and spiritually grounded space where we move at a pace that feels right for you.
(02) 8105 6350 View (02) 8105 6350
Photo of Rachel Pollard, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Rachel Pollard
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Rachel is a Psychologist at the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. Rachel has completed a Bachelor of Arts (Psychology) at the Australian Catholic University, and both a Graduate Diploma of Psychological Science and Master of Psychology (Clinical) at Bond University. Rachel’s approach to treatment is trauma informed, warm, and non-judgemental. She ensures compassionate, empathetic care, regardless of presentation or concern. Rachel enjoys working with clients across the life span, delivering both individual and group-based therapy. She has previous experience working in both education and private practice settings.
Rachel is a Psychologist at the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. Rachel has completed a Bachelor of Arts (Psychology) at the Australian Catholic University, and both a Graduate Diploma of Psychological Science and Master of Psychology (Clinical) at Bond University. Rachel’s approach to treatment is trauma informed, warm, and non-judgemental. She ensures compassionate, empathetic care, regardless of presentation or concern. Rachel enjoys working with clients across the life span, delivering both individual and group-based therapy. She has previous experience working in both education and private practice settings.
(02) 8105 5795 View (02) 8105 5795
Photo of Deborah Flower, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Deborah Flower
Psychologist, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Deborah practices from a client-centered approach, emphasising the importance of building a therapeutic relationship. Building a collaborate, safe and therapeutic relationship with her clients is important to Deborah. She believes by empowering her clients to choose the direction of their therapy and have agency during the process they are able to reach their potential. Her diverse training and experience allows her to create a safe and trusting space for clients to work through their issues
Deborah practices from a client-centered approach, emphasising the importance of building a therapeutic relationship. Building a collaborate, safe and therapeutic relationship with her clients is important to Deborah. She believes by empowering her clients to choose the direction of their therapy and have agency during the process they are able to reach their potential. Her diverse training and experience allows her to create a safe and trusting space for clients to work through their issues
(02) 9538 7491 View (02) 9538 7491
Photo of Kristy Stack - Kristy Stack Psychology, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Kristy Stack Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Kogarah, NSW 2217
I am passionate about helping people of all ages, from children to teens to adults, live their best life and gain tools to get through the tough times. My main modality is Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) which is helpful for treating anxiety, depression, phobias as well as trauma.
I am passionate about helping people of all ages, from children to teens to adults, live their best life and gain tools to get through the tough times. My main modality is Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) which is helpful for treating anxiety, depression, phobias as well as trauma.
(02) 8105 6818 View (02) 8105 6818
Photo of Chelsea Ho, Psychologist, MSc, PsyBA General
Chelsea Ho
Psychologist, MSc, PsyBA General
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Chelsea is a warm and empathic psychologist. As therapy can be a vulnerable but rewarding experience, Chelsea brings compassion, curiosity, and humour where appropriate to create a safe space to explore your experiences. Chelsea is trained in providing therapy for a range of mental health concerns including anxiety, depression, stress, psychosis, eating disorders, and trauma. She has particular interest and training in working with adolescents and adults with eating disorders.
Chelsea is a warm and empathic psychologist. As therapy can be a vulnerable but rewarding experience, Chelsea brings compassion, curiosity, and humour where appropriate to create a safe space to explore your experiences. Chelsea is trained in providing therapy for a range of mental health concerns including anxiety, depression, stress, psychosis, eating disorders, and trauma. She has particular interest and training in working with adolescents and adults with eating disorders.
(02) 8105 5269 View (02) 8105 5269
Photo of Hacer Ulker (Nazim), Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Hacer Ulker (Nazim)
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Ramsgate Beach, NSW 2217
Individuals may experience setbacks with mental health at any stage of their lives. Identifying this struggle and seeking the right support is very important to help achieve not only change, but also meaning and purpose in life.
Individuals may experience setbacks with mental health at any stage of their lives. Identifying this struggle and seeking the right support is very important to help achieve not only change, but also meaning and purpose in life.
(02) 7501 0966 View (02) 7501 0966
Photo of Neha Kapoor - Neha Kapoor | Novo Empower Counselling, Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
Neha Kapoor | Novo Empower Counselling
Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
Kogarah, NSW 2217
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor and Psychotherapist and owner of Novo Empower Counselling. I have over a decade of experience empowering and guiding couples and individuals through the intricate pathways of life and relationships. I utilise a diverse array of proven approaches to create tailored programs that unlock insights, resolve conflicts, and nurture growth. I offer both in-person and online counselling options to accommodate different needs of my clients.
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor and Psychotherapist and owner of Novo Empower Counselling. I have over a decade of experience empowering and guiding couples and individuals through the intricate pathways of life and relationships. I utilise a diverse array of proven approaches to create tailored programs that unlock insights, resolve conflicts, and nurture growth. I offer both in-person and online counselling options to accommodate different needs of my clients.
0410 637 225 View 0410 637 225
Photo of Mona Mattar - Lighthouse Therapeutic, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Lighthouse Therapeutic
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Are you finding it hard to cope with day to day stressors. Do you have difficulty with food and body image, maybe you are restricting, binging, purging or yo-yo dieting. Have you found that your drug or alcohol intake has increased and is starting to feel out of control, or has been out of control for a while, have you just had a lapse/relapse. Is your anxiety holding you back or are you having difficulty with your relationships, emotion regulation or asserting boundaries?
Are you finding it hard to cope with day to day stressors. Do you have difficulty with food and body image, maybe you are restricting, binging, purging or yo-yo dieting. Have you found that your drug or alcohol intake has increased and is starting to feel out of control, or has been out of control for a while, have you just had a lapse/relapse. Is your anxiety holding you back or are you having difficulty with your relationships, emotion regulation or asserting boundaries?
(02) 8806 0119 View (02) 8806 0119
Photo of Rebecca Dooley, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Rebecca Dooley
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Rebecca is a registered psychologist who completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science with First Class Honours at the Australian Catholic University (ACU) and a Master of Clinical Psychology at University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Rebecca adopts a warm, collaborative and trauma-informed approach to empower individuals to enact meaningful change in their life. Rebecca enjoys working with individuals across the lifespan, who may be experiencing mood or anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, relationship/attachment difficulties, difficulties with emotion regulation or those navigating significant life stressors.
Rebecca is a registered psychologist who completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science with First Class Honours at the Australian Catholic University (ACU) and a Master of Clinical Psychology at University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Rebecca adopts a warm, collaborative and trauma-informed approach to empower individuals to enact meaningful change in their life. Rebecca enjoys working with individuals across the lifespan, who may be experiencing mood or anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, relationship/attachment difficulties, difficulties with emotion regulation or those navigating significant life stressors.
(02) 8105 5672 View (02) 8105 5672
Photo of Lynda Daniels, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Lynda Daniels
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Lynda is a psychologist (clinical registrar) at the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. She has a warm, non-judgemental therapeutic style, drawing on her life experience and empathetic nature to help clients work towards achieving their therapeutic goals within the framework of evidence-based psychological therapy. Lynda completed her Masters of Clinical Psychology at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Prior to this Lynda completed her undergraduate psychology studies at Monash University and the Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP), and her undergraduate science degree at the University of Wollongong.
Lynda is a psychologist (clinical registrar) at the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. She has a warm, non-judgemental therapeutic style, drawing on her life experience and empathetic nature to help clients work towards achieving their therapeutic goals within the framework of evidence-based psychological therapy. Lynda completed her Masters of Clinical Psychology at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Prior to this Lynda completed her undergraduate psychology studies at Monash University and the Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP), and her undergraduate science degree at the University of Wollongong.
(02) 8105 6531 View (02) 8105 6531
Photo of Georgia Ashworth, Psychologist
Georgia Ashworth
Psychologist
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Georgia is a psychologist at the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. She has a genuine and empathetic therapeutic style, committed to providing a non-judgemental space to achieve therapeutic goals through evidence-based psychological therapy. Georgia is a registered psychologist and clinical psychology registrar who completed her Masters of Clinical Psychology at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), as well as previous studies in psychology at Macquarie University (MQ) and the Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP). She has an interest in public health, having completed research on gambling and drug addictions.
Georgia is a psychologist at the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. She has a genuine and empathetic therapeutic style, committed to providing a non-judgemental space to achieve therapeutic goals through evidence-based psychological therapy. Georgia is a registered psychologist and clinical psychology registrar who completed her Masters of Clinical Psychology at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), as well as previous studies in psychology at Macquarie University (MQ) and the Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP). She has an interest in public health, having completed research on gambling and drug addictions.
(02) 8105 5765 View (02) 8105 5765
Photo of Christopher Laundy, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Christopher Laundy
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Kogarah, NSW 2217
I have over ten years of experience working with a broad range of psychological issues, including Depression, Anxiety, OCD, Borderline Personality Disorder and more. With great energy and good humour, I build strong professional bonds and draw upon numerous science-based skills, strategies, and resources – designed to bring meaningful and lasting change.
I have over ten years of experience working with a broad range of psychological issues, including Depression, Anxiety, OCD, Borderline Personality Disorder and more. With great energy and good humour, I build strong professional bonds and draw upon numerous science-based skills, strategies, and resources – designed to bring meaningful and lasting change.
(02) 9054 5872 View (02) 9054 5872
Photo of Anastasia Hronis, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Anastasia Hronis
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Kogarah, NSW 2217
Dr Anastasia Hronis (B Psych Hons, M Clin Psych, AMusA, LMusA, Ph.D) is a clinical psychologist and founder of the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. Anastasia provides individual and group therapy. Anastasia also holds the position of Honorary Associate at the University of Technology Sydney, where she provides lectures and research supervision to students in the Master of Clinical Psychology Program.
Dr Anastasia Hronis (B Psych Hons, M Clin Psych, AMusA, LMusA, Ph.D) is a clinical psychologist and founder of the Australian Institute for Human Wellness. Anastasia provides individual and group therapy. Anastasia also holds the position of Honorary Associate at the University of Technology Sydney, where she provides lectures and research supervision to students in the Master of Clinical Psychology Program.
(02) 8105 5006 View (02) 8105 5006
Photo of Anita Nikolovska, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Anita Nikolovska
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Kogarah, NSW 2217
As a dedicated and compassionate clinical psychologist, I am committed to empowering individuals on their mental and emotional well-being journey. With over 25 years of experience in adult mental health, I specialise in providing evidence-based therapies that foster growth, healing and lasting positive change.
As a dedicated and compassionate clinical psychologist, I am committed to empowering individuals on their mental and emotional well-being journey. With over 25 years of experience in adult mental health, I specialise in providing evidence-based therapies that foster growth, healing and lasting positive change.
(02) 9054 5872 View (02) 9054 5872
Photo of Amrita Arvind, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Amrita Arvind
Psychologist, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Kogarah, NSW 2217
I believe that trust is the highest form of human motivation and tricky situations challenge it in ourselves. We can have strengths that are as salient and unique as the barriers we face. My clients can have a good insight into themselves or their situation. They may have qualities that set them up for life or have achievements and yet experience significant setbacks that impact their mental health. I work with young people and adults from the diaspora, immigrants or of a multi-racial background navigating change in a personal or professional context. I also work with girls & women across the life-span.
I believe that trust is the highest form of human motivation and tricky situations challenge it in ourselves. We can have strengths that are as salient and unique as the barriers we face. My clients can have a good insight into themselves or their situation. They may have qualities that set them up for life or have achievements and yet experience significant setbacks that impact their mental health. I work with young people and adults from the diaspora, immigrants or of a multi-racial background navigating change in a personal or professional context. I also work with girls & women across the life-span.
(02) 4307 5406 View (02) 4307 5406
Photo of Alena Piccolruaz, Psychologist, MPsych, Assoc MAPS
Alena Piccolruaz
Psychologist, MPsych, Assoc MAPS
Serves Area
I have a special interest in working with children, adolescents, and families in addition to supporting mums and dads through pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Issues treated (but not limited to) include; anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, school issues, suicidal thinking, personality disorder, anger management, gender transitioning, self-harm, grief and loss, work related issues (Workcover accredited psych), life coaching, relationship matters, family mediation, court and legal reports and the teaching of parenting skills. I also offer couples, family and marital therapy. I am also an accredited Supervisor to other psychologists.
I have a special interest in working with children, adolescents, and families in addition to supporting mums and dads through pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Issues treated (but not limited to) include; anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, school issues, suicidal thinking, personality disorder, anger management, gender transitioning, self-harm, grief and loss, work related issues (Workcover accredited psych), life coaching, relationship matters, family mediation, court and legal reports and the teaching of parenting skills. I also offer couples, family and marital therapy. I am also an accredited Supervisor to other psychologists.
(02) 9159 6930 View (02) 9159 6930
Photo of Michelle Lin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Michelle Lin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I specialise in individual and relationship/family counselling, Anti-Oppressive Practice, relationships, self-growth and identity, grief & loss, work-life stuff, victim-survivors of interpersonal and systemic violence (both domestic violence and structural oppression i.e. racism), cultural identity, the LGBTIQA+ community, family of origin issues, and relational trauma such as childhood abuse or neglect. I enjoy working with people to really unpack their experiences of relationships and sense of self. I also provide clinical supervision for students, new grads, activists and peers working in helping roles.
I specialise in individual and relationship/family counselling, Anti-Oppressive Practice, relationships, self-growth and identity, grief & loss, work-life stuff, victim-survivors of interpersonal and systemic violence (both domestic violence and structural oppression i.e. racism), cultural identity, the LGBTIQA+ community, family of origin issues, and relational trauma such as childhood abuse or neglect. I enjoy working with people to really unpack their experiences of relationships and sense of self. I also provide clinical supervision for students, new grads, activists and peers working in helping roles.
(02) 8074 5461 View (02) 8074 5461

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 2217

40+

Average cost per session

$215

Counsellors in 2217 who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
84% Depression
81% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
67% Stress
65% Relationship Issues
53% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Medicare Rebates
52% NDIS
43% Other

How Counsellors in 2217 see their clients

96% In Person and Online
4% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 2217?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.