Counselling in 2112

Photo of Petroula Quinn - Sillow Psychology, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Sillow Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
2 Endorsed
Ryde, NSW 2112
Not accepting new clients
Petroula Quinn is the founder of ‘Sillow Psychology’ - a Mental Health and Trauma Recovery service, providing psychology consultations to adults and older youth struggling with a range of issues, from general anxiety to deep trauma. By considering the unique personal strengths and challenges of each person, Petroula aims to create a supportive environment to help people work through their difficulties. Petroula is a Registered Psychologist and a certified EMDRA Accredited Practitoner with extensive experience in supporting those impacted by trauma.
Petroula Quinn is the founder of ‘Sillow Psychology’ - a Mental Health and Trauma Recovery service, providing psychology consultations to adults and older youth struggling with a range of issues, from general anxiety to deep trauma. By considering the unique personal strengths and challenges of each person, Petroula aims to create a supportive environment to help people work through their difficulties. Petroula is a Registered Psychologist and a certified EMDRA Accredited Practitoner with extensive experience in supporting those impacted by trauma.
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Photo of Petra Lansdown, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Petra Lansdown
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Ryde, NSW 2112
Petra is a Registered Counsellor with experience in a range of counselling roles within the healthcare industry. She provides a safe, confidential, and supportive space for individuals to explore their challenges. Petra understands that every person is unique, which is why she offers a person-centered approach tailored to each client’s specific needs.
Petra is a Registered Counsellor with experience in a range of counselling roles within the healthcare industry. She provides a safe, confidential, and supportive space for individuals to explore their challenges. Petra understands that every person is unique, which is why she offers a person-centered approach tailored to each client’s specific needs.
(02) 7804 4695 View (02) 7804 4695
Photo of Mary Capsanis, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Mary Capsanis
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Putney, NSW 2112
I'm a Clinical Psychologist who started my practice Introspect Clinical Psychology as I'm passionate about creating a supportive space for people to explore their challenges without judgement. I work with adults (18+), including individuals as well as working with couples. My areas of focus are supporting individuals to improve symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, as well as supporting those who want to recover from harmful coping behaviours. I have an interest in helping individuals work through the childhood origins of their current difficulties, as well as building coping mechanisms and outlets for their distress.
I'm a Clinical Psychologist who started my practice Introspect Clinical Psychology as I'm passionate about creating a supportive space for people to explore their challenges without judgement. I work with adults (18+), including individuals as well as working with couples. My areas of focus are supporting individuals to improve symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, as well as supporting those who want to recover from harmful coping behaviours. I have an interest in helping individuals work through the childhood origins of their current difficulties, as well as building coping mechanisms and outlets for their distress.
(02) 7804 4751 View (02) 7804 4751
Photo of Magda Gabriela Castledine-Ruiz - RelateWell Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
RelateWell Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ryde, NSW 2112
If you're feeling overwhelmed or unsure how to support your child, you're not alone—parenting is hard. Whether you're navigating anxiety, emotional outbursts, school refusal, or trauma, I can help! I'm Magda, an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker and child/adolescent therapist of RelateWell Health. I support families facing challenges- depression, low self-esteem, life transitions and more. My approach is collaborative, holistic, and grounded in evidence-based care. If your aim is to get to the heart of what’s driving emotional and behavioural patterns, and to support open, compassionate communication, I'm here.
If you're feeling overwhelmed or unsure how to support your child, you're not alone—parenting is hard. Whether you're navigating anxiety, emotional outbursts, school refusal, or trauma, I can help! I'm Magda, an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker and child/adolescent therapist of RelateWell Health. I support families facing challenges- depression, low self-esteem, life transitions and more. My approach is collaborative, holistic, and grounded in evidence-based care. If your aim is to get to the heart of what’s driving emotional and behavioural patterns, and to support open, compassionate communication, I'm here.
(02) 7804 4236 View (02) 7804 4236
Photo of Margo Orum - Open Sky Psychology, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Open Sky Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Ryde, NSW 2112
If you are experiencing anxiety, depression and/or relationship difficulties, or suffer from more complex problems, we have a team of psychologists and relationship counsellors available to work with you and honour your individual circumstances. Our aim is to help you identify your most authentic inner values, and find a way to live from them more and more each day.
If you are experiencing anxiety, depression and/or relationship difficulties, or suffer from more complex problems, we have a team of psychologists and relationship counsellors available to work with you and honour your individual circumstances. Our aim is to help you identify your most authentic inner values, and find a way to live from them more and more each day.
(02) 9158 6314 View (02) 9158 6314
Photo of Dr Jeff Rogers, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Dr Jeff Rogers
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Do you or a loved one struggle with thinking skills or intense emotions but aren’t sure why? If so, a neuropsychological assessment could provide the clarity and support you need. Not sure if it’s the right step for you? We’re here to help guide you.
Do you or a loved one struggle with thinking skills or intense emotions but aren’t sure why? If so, a neuropsychological assessment could provide the clarity and support you need. Not sure if it’s the right step for you? We’re here to help guide you.
(02) 9100 0958 View (02) 9100 0958
Photo of Ray Wondal, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Ray Wondal
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
If you are struggling and don't know how to get back to your authentic self, you are not alone. From a young age, this authentic self needs to be taken care of. If we grow up without this care, as adults we may feel flat and unmotivated, we may find it difficult to make friends, we may struggle to understand and process our emotions, and we may forget to take care of ourselves because we feel unimportant. I provide a space for you to express the grief and suffering that comes from not receiving such care. Over time, I hope you can learn that you are greater than your suffering.
If you are struggling and don't know how to get back to your authentic self, you are not alone. From a young age, this authentic self needs to be taken care of. If we grow up without this care, as adults we may feel flat and unmotivated, we may find it difficult to make friends, we may struggle to understand and process our emotions, and we may forget to take care of ourselves because we feel unimportant. I provide a space for you to express the grief and suffering that comes from not receiving such care. Over time, I hope you can learn that you are greater than your suffering.
(02) 8403 2405 View (02) 8403 2405
Photo of Mona Ghafourian - Clinical Psychologist, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Mona Ghafourian - Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
I am a registered clinical psychologist, who is warm and empathic, and enjoy working with a range of clients. Using a holistic approach, I take the time to learn about my clients and consider a number of factors that may be contributing to their concerns or issues. I have experience working in private and hospital settings and treating a number of issues, including anxiety and stress, mood disorders, anger issues, low self-esteem and confidence, and relationship and personal issues.
I am a registered clinical psychologist, who is warm and empathic, and enjoy working with a range of clients. Using a holistic approach, I take the time to learn about my clients and consider a number of factors that may be contributing to their concerns or issues. I have experience working in private and hospital settings and treating a number of issues, including anxiety and stress, mood disorders, anger issues, low self-esteem and confidence, and relationship and personal issues.
(02) 8403 1075 View (02) 8403 1075
Photo of Dana Mitrovic - Exclusive Wellbeing, Psychologist, MPsych, MACPA
Exclusive Wellbeing
Psychologist, MPsych, MACPA
Serves Area
No concern is too small or insignificant to explore in therapy. Our psychologists and psychotherapists, in Parramatta are all naturally curious and committed to creating a safe space where you as clients can ‘come as you are’. Our mission is to provide a voice to those who feel unheard, helping them discover personal insights and practical solutions for a more fulfilling life. We treat trauma and PTSD, depression, anxiety, stress (work, study or family related), Workcover injuries, Traffic Injury, and Government Comcare. We understand and support clients recovery from complex trauma, OCD, eating disorder, personality disorders.
No concern is too small or insignificant to explore in therapy. Our psychologists and psychotherapists, in Parramatta are all naturally curious and committed to creating a safe space where you as clients can ‘come as you are’. Our mission is to provide a voice to those who feel unheard, helping them discover personal insights and practical solutions for a more fulfilling life. We treat trauma and PTSD, depression, anxiety, stress (work, study or family related), Workcover injuries, Traffic Injury, and Government Comcare. We understand and support clients recovery from complex trauma, OCD, eating disorder, personality disorders.
(02) 7804 4586 View (02) 7804 4586
Photo of Salome Emmanuel, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Salome Emmanuel
Psychologist, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello! My name is Salome, and I am a registered psychologist, who has a strong desire to help people achieve their mental health goals. Often, our past traumas can have a significant impact on the way we experience the world around us. Without proper support, we may have developed unhealthy coping mechanisms in our search for comfort and peace. These unresolved issues can lead to a range of psycho-social problems, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal conflicts, and negative self-perception. However, facing these complex and overwhelming emotions can be a daunting task to undertake on our own.
Hello! My name is Salome, and I am a registered psychologist, who has a strong desire to help people achieve their mental health goals. Often, our past traumas can have a significant impact on the way we experience the world around us. Without proper support, we may have developed unhealthy coping mechanisms in our search for comfort and peace. These unresolved issues can lead to a range of psycho-social problems, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal conflicts, and negative self-perception. However, facing these complex and overwhelming emotions can be a daunting task to undertake on our own.
(02) 8000 1284 View (02) 8000 1284
Photo of Paul Howard, Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L3
Paul Howard
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L3
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a clinical psychotherapist/clinical counsellor, I keep it real! Practical support for adults, teens, and children. Learn about yourself, take back control and open to new possibilities. Realise your potential. Clients often are surprised how calm and nurturing our environment is at Lifesort, which assists to support feeling safe to explore challenges such as mens stuff, trauma & abuse, domestic violence, relationship issues, parenting struggles, mental health, life transitions and spiritual emergencies...
As a clinical psychotherapist/clinical counsellor, I keep it real! Practical support for adults, teens, and children. Learn about yourself, take back control and open to new possibilities. Realise your potential. Clients often are surprised how calm and nurturing our environment is at Lifesort, which assists to support feeling safe to explore challenges such as mens stuff, trauma & abuse, domestic violence, relationship issues, parenting struggles, mental health, life transitions and spiritual emergencies...
(02) 7804 4133 View (02) 7804 4133
Photo of Veronica Engel - Veronica Engel, Psychologist, MAPS
Veronica Engel
Psychologist, MAPS
Serves Area
Veronica established the practice in 2016 and has her heart at the centre of helping people in psychological need. While she is privileged to have focused her work on treating conditions of lived experience such as anxiety, stress, disordered eating, depression, and gut-brain disorders, she assists her clients with a wide range of presentations.
Veronica established the practice in 2016 and has her heart at the centre of helping people in psychological need. While she is privileged to have focused her work on treating conditions of lived experience such as anxiety, stress, disordered eating, depression, and gut-brain disorders, she assists her clients with a wide range of presentations.
(02) 8203 8780 View (02) 8203 8780
Photo of Pat Wood-Collier, Counsellor, MA
Pat Wood-Collier
Counsellor, MA
Serves Area
I am flexible and able to work with both males and females. Age does not preclude me from seeing someone. I am accepting of anyone who is looking for someone to listen to and see them. Together we will discover and give them their voice. I worked in Samaritans and Lifeline for 20 years. I work with various addictions and traumas. I counsel the addict, or the family, and friends of the addict. Working with discovering purpose, trust and sobriety, I am able to hold the person in a safe space while dealing with trauma by using different counselling modalities suited to them.
I am flexible and able to work with both males and females. Age does not preclude me from seeing someone. I am accepting of anyone who is looking for someone to listen to and see them. Together we will discover and give them their voice. I worked in Samaritans and Lifeline for 20 years. I work with various addictions and traumas. I counsel the addict, or the family, and friends of the addict. Working with discovering purpose, trust and sobriety, I am able to hold the person in a safe space while dealing with trauma by using different counselling modalities suited to them.
(02) 5504 5434 View (02) 5504 5434
Photo of Katherine Gambell, Counsellor, PACFA
Katherine Gambell
Counsellor, PACFA
Serves Area
Are you looking for someone to process life's issues with? Perhaps you have experienced trauma, abuse, domestic violence, relationship difficulties, grief, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts or other issues that you keep you stuck. Are you looking for someone who will walk with you on the journey and seek to really understand you? Maybe you are looking for some deeper understanding of what is going on, some goals to aim for, or some tools to help you along the way? Maybe you just need someone to listen?
Are you looking for someone to process life's issues with? Perhaps you have experienced trauma, abuse, domestic violence, relationship difficulties, grief, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts or other issues that you keep you stuck. Are you looking for someone who will walk with you on the journey and seek to really understand you? Maybe you are looking for some deeper understanding of what is going on, some goals to aim for, or some tools to help you along the way? Maybe you just need someone to listen?
(02) 8294 9321 View (02) 8294 9321
Photo of Peter Samii, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Peter Samii
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Serves Area
Peter Samii, a qualified counsellor registered with the Australian Counselling Association, provides a compassionate and collaborative approach to therapy. He helps clients navigate life’s challenges by fostering both short-term and long-term solutions, enabling them to build greater self-confidence, self-awareness, and personal growth. Peter specialises in trauma and PTSD counselling, relationship and couples therapy, anger management, and grief and loss counselling.
Peter Samii, a qualified counsellor registered with the Australian Counselling Association, provides a compassionate and collaborative approach to therapy. He helps clients navigate life’s challenges by fostering both short-term and long-term solutions, enabling them to build greater self-confidence, self-awareness, and personal growth. Peter specialises in trauma and PTSD counselling, relationship and couples therapy, anger management, and grief and loss counselling.
(02) 7804 4604 View (02) 7804 4604
Photo of Indi Kovacevic, Psychotherapist, ACA-L2
Indi Kovacevic
Psychotherapist, ACA-L2
Serves Area
As an integrative psychotherapist, I blend evidence-based therapy with spiritual insight to support adults, teens, and couples on their path toward healing, growth, and emotional well-being. My approach is trauma-informed, holistic, and client-centered—drawing from modalities such as CBT, DBT, Internal Family Systems, mindfulness, somatic therapy, narrative therapy, and relational psychotherapy. I specialise in helping clients navigate anxiety, low self-worth, trauma recovery, relationship struggles, emotional overwhelm, and life transitions.
As an integrative psychotherapist, I blend evidence-based therapy with spiritual insight to support adults, teens, and couples on their path toward healing, growth, and emotional well-being. My approach is trauma-informed, holistic, and client-centered—drawing from modalities such as CBT, DBT, Internal Family Systems, mindfulness, somatic therapy, narrative therapy, and relational psychotherapy. I specialise in helping clients navigate anxiety, low self-worth, trauma recovery, relationship struggles, emotional overwhelm, and life transitions.
(02) 7804 4851 View (02) 7804 4851
Photo of Carmen Iancu - Circle of Life Psychology Practice, Psychologist, MAPS
Circle of Life Psychology Practice
Psychologist, MAPS
Serves Area
Seeking help from a psychologist could be overwhelming and stressful. It may be seen as a sign of weakness or suggest that there is something wrong with the person. My professional aim is to assist the person seeking help in a collaborative, compassionate and authentic manner, in a therapeutic space where personal issues are viewed as opportunities to discover personal strengths, to foster personal growth and improve quality of life. I am deeply committed to empower individuals in overcoming the social stigma associated with mental health issues and I value each person’s uniqueness during their engagement in mental health recovery.
Seeking help from a psychologist could be overwhelming and stressful. It may be seen as a sign of weakness or suggest that there is something wrong with the person. My professional aim is to assist the person seeking help in a collaborative, compassionate and authentic manner, in a therapeutic space where personal issues are viewed as opportunities to discover personal strengths, to foster personal growth and improve quality of life. I am deeply committed to empower individuals in overcoming the social stigma associated with mental health issues and I value each person’s uniqueness during their engagement in mental health recovery.
(02) 9100 0819 View (02) 9100 0819
Photo of Christine Kim - Christine Kim Principal Psychologist, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Christine Kim Principal Psychologist
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Many clients come to counselling with a hope. This hope is an opportunity for the clients to change, to become someone they want to be. Using client's strengths, counselling can help them find a new direction in their lives. Christine Kim is a registered psychologist with a passion for, and experience in working with adolescents and adults in educational and clinical settings. For over 10 years, Christine has experience working across a range of psychological issues including depression, anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety and a range of childhood anxiety disorders), bullying and work-related stress issues.
Many clients come to counselling with a hope. This hope is an opportunity for the clients to change, to become someone they want to be. Using client's strengths, counselling can help them find a new direction in their lives. Christine Kim is a registered psychologist with a passion for, and experience in working with adolescents and adults in educational and clinical settings. For over 10 years, Christine has experience working across a range of psychological issues including depression, anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety and a range of childhood anxiety disorders), bullying and work-related stress issues.
(02) 8806 0035 View (02) 8806 0035
Photo of Tammy Chen - The Recalibrate Hub, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
The Recalibrate Hub
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
Serves Area
Whether you’re excitedly planning for your wedding, feeling disappointed in your relationship or the spark has waned after decades of marriage, know I too have travelled the relationship roller coaster of euphoria & broken dreams. The reality is, these relationship struggles can overflow into parenting too. You may be excitedly expecting your first child or perhaps, you're feeling overwhelmed by your children's attitude. Regardless of what stage you're in, hope exists for you to recalibrate your relationships and parenting. I'm looking forward to supporting you to do this, so you can know empowerment & joy in your current season.
Whether you’re excitedly planning for your wedding, feeling disappointed in your relationship or the spark has waned after decades of marriage, know I too have travelled the relationship roller coaster of euphoria & broken dreams. The reality is, these relationship struggles can overflow into parenting too. You may be excitedly expecting your first child or perhaps, you're feeling overwhelmed by your children's attitude. Regardless of what stage you're in, hope exists for you to recalibrate your relationships and parenting. I'm looking forward to supporting you to do this, so you can know empowerment & joy in your current season.
(02) 8355 9790 View (02) 8355 9790
Photo of Helen Ly, Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L4
Helen Ly
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L4
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I believe that mental health is the foundation for wellbeing. Seeking help is a vital step toward living a balanced and fulfilling life. Through building strong rapport with my clients, fostering a collaborative relationship to support them in achieving their unique goals all in a safe, warm, and non-judgmental environment- Recovery, Healing and Thriving is made possible, overcoming life’s challenges and concerns. Using a person-centred approach, I integrate therapeutic modalities: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Art Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, Narrative Therapy, to help you explore, understand and navigate your journey.
I believe that mental health is the foundation for wellbeing. Seeking help is a vital step toward living a balanced and fulfilling life. Through building strong rapport with my clients, fostering a collaborative relationship to support them in achieving their unique goals all in a safe, warm, and non-judgmental environment- Recovery, Healing and Thriving is made possible, overcoming life’s challenges and concerns. Using a person-centred approach, I integrate therapeutic modalities: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Art Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, Narrative Therapy, to help you explore, understand and navigate your journey.
(02) 7804 4815 View (02) 7804 4815

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 2112

70+

Average cost per session

$180

Counsellors in 2112 who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Relationship Issues
87% Depression
82% Self Esteem
82% Stress
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Bupa
66% Medibank Private
63% Medicare Rebates

How Counsellors in 2112 see their clients

90% In Person and Online
10% Online Only

Gender breakdown

87% Female
13% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 2112?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.