Counselling in 2016

Photo of Kate Mackie, Social Worker, AMHSW
Kate Mackie
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
As humans, we will all go through challenging times and need support. Therapeutically, I work to assist the brain and body cope with trauma, challenging emotions and life experiences. I aim to sensitively attune to each person and look to work together to address your concerns. I humanise lived experiences and see the relevance of how our social and cultural context can shape our mood, mental health and recovery. I have special interest and experience working with people who have had a difficult childhood and those affected by trauma including sexual, physical, emotional, psychological & domestic abuse.
As humans, we will all go through challenging times and need support. Therapeutically, I work to assist the brain and body cope with trauma, challenging emotions and life experiences. I aim to sensitively attune to each person and look to work together to address your concerns. I humanise lived experiences and see the relevance of how our social and cultural context can shape our mood, mental health and recovery. I have special interest and experience working with people who have had a difficult childhood and those affected by trauma including sexual, physical, emotional, psychological & domestic abuse.
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Photo of Samantha Ferguson - Serenity Sydney, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Serenity Sydney
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Serves Area
NDIS accepted, children and adults. Im Sammy, a registered counsellor with the ACA, here to support you through life’s challenges. The space is warm and welcoming to make you feel safe and calm. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, grief, or feeling a sense of disconnection, you’re not alone. We can create a space that feels safe, supportive, and focused on what you need to feel more like yourself again. My approach is holistic and unique compromising of mindfulness and gentle, complementary relaxation techniques designed to calm your nervous system and help you feel more at ease—physically, mentally, and emotionally.
NDIS accepted, children and adults. Im Sammy, a registered counsellor with the ACA, here to support you through life’s challenges. The space is warm and welcoming to make you feel safe and calm. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, grief, or feeling a sense of disconnection, you’re not alone. We can create a space that feels safe, supportive, and focused on what you need to feel more like yourself again. My approach is holistic and unique compromising of mindfulness and gentle, complementary relaxation techniques designed to calm your nervous system and help you feel more at ease—physically, mentally, and emotionally.
(02) 8806 0129 View (02) 8806 0129
Photo of Michael Ossher, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Michael Ossher
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Serves Area
My role is to listen, to understand and to identify what it is that you seek help with. Our work will be about building an understanding of what is going on internally and externally for you, in particular, the things about yourself that you may not be aware of. As we gain this understanding of you, it becomes easier for you and I to make sense of what is happening within you, why you act and feel a particular way in certain situations and relationships. By understanding and acting on these things, you will be able to bring about change in your life.
My role is to listen, to understand and to identify what it is that you seek help with. Our work will be about building an understanding of what is going on internally and externally for you, in particular, the things about yourself that you may not be aware of. As we gain this understanding of you, it becomes easier for you and I to make sense of what is happening within you, why you act and feel a particular way in certain situations and relationships. By understanding and acting on these things, you will be able to bring about change in your life.
(02) 9159 6907 View (02) 9159 6907
Photo of Travis Grogan, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Travis Grogan
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Hi, I'm Travis, a psychologist from Sydney who works with individuals and couples. I have a broad range of expertise in mental health, focusing on areas such as depression, anxiety, the array of relationship challenges, substance use, emotional regulation, social skills, identity, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships.
Hi, I'm Travis, a psychologist from Sydney who works with individuals and couples. I have a broad range of expertise in mental health, focusing on areas such as depression, anxiety, the array of relationship challenges, substance use, emotional regulation, social skills, identity, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships.
(02) 9100 0027 View (02) 9100 0027
Photo of Tammy Rosman, Social Worker, AMHSW
Tammy Rosman
Social Worker, AMHSW
Serves Area
I offer a compassionate approach to counselling and therapy for adults, children, couples and families. I am a therapist with over 20 years of experience working with individuals and families. I provide a safe and nurturing therapeutic environment that allows clients to feel at ease in the counselling process. I work to address each individual's needs by providing a tailored approach that focuses on personal goals and needs. I use a number of therapeutic modalities including CBT, Mindfulness, Narrative therapy, EMDR, Trauma-informed therapies, Solution focused therapy and Family Systems therapies to address client concerns.
I offer a compassionate approach to counselling and therapy for adults, children, couples and families. I am a therapist with over 20 years of experience working with individuals and families. I provide a safe and nurturing therapeutic environment that allows clients to feel at ease in the counselling process. I work to address each individual's needs by providing a tailored approach that focuses on personal goals and needs. I use a number of therapeutic modalities including CBT, Mindfulness, Narrative therapy, EMDR, Trauma-informed therapies, Solution focused therapy and Family Systems therapies to address client concerns.
(02) 9100 0772 View (02) 9100 0772
Photo of Natasha Ramessur, Psychologist, PsyBA General
Natasha Ramessur
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I am a registered psychologist with several years of experience helping clients with a number of issues, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, bullying, stress, grief and loss, relationship conflicts, social difficulties, WorkCover. My warm, open and non-judgemental approach allows me to easily build strong rapport with my clients and make them feel comfortable and safe. I have a keen interest in client-centred approach, drawing on an eclectic framework of therapeutic interventions, with the aim of building upon the client’s strengths.
I am a registered psychologist with several years of experience helping clients with a number of issues, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, bullying, stress, grief and loss, relationship conflicts, social difficulties, WorkCover. My warm, open and non-judgemental approach allows me to easily build strong rapport with my clients and make them feel comfortable and safe. I have a keen interest in client-centred approach, drawing on an eclectic framework of therapeutic interventions, with the aim of building upon the client’s strengths.
(02) 8074 5546 View (02) 8074 5546
Photo of Vassilka Dimitrova, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Vassilka Dimitrova
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Serves Area
Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of everyday life? Anxious and depressed? Have you experienced betrayal? Have you felt so misunderstood by many that you decided to lock yourself away, to hide your story and feelings - keeping them hidden because it was safer that way? Perhaps you feel the deep pain of losing faith in humanity, in people, in everything that you've known to be good? If you are ready to leave these dark woods, I might be able to help you and walk with you.
Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of everyday life? Anxious and depressed? Have you experienced betrayal? Have you felt so misunderstood by many that you decided to lock yourself away, to hide your story and feelings - keeping them hidden because it was safer that way? Perhaps you feel the deep pain of losing faith in humanity, in people, in everything that you've known to be good? If you are ready to leave these dark woods, I might be able to help you and walk with you.
0493 627 800 View 0493 627 800
Photo of Dinah Broyda, Counsellor, ACA-L2
Dinah Broyda
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Serves Area
Dinah is an accredited counsellor, specialising in holistic, person-centred care to support you in living a meaningful and positive life. Over the years Dinah has worked with people who present with depression, anxiety, stress, life transitions and interpersonal issues. She ensures her practice is trauma informed to ensure a safe and welcoming environment. She specialises in LGBT topics such as Poly and ENM relationship styles, SW friendly, and Gender Identity.
Dinah is an accredited counsellor, specialising in holistic, person-centred care to support you in living a meaningful and positive life. Over the years Dinah has worked with people who present with depression, anxiety, stress, life transitions and interpersonal issues. She ensures her practice is trauma informed to ensure a safe and welcoming environment. She specialises in LGBT topics such as Poly and ENM relationship styles, SW friendly, and Gender Identity.
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Photo of Krutika M, Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
Krutika M
Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life can sometimes feel confusing and overwhelming, leaving us unsure of where to go next or what to do. In those moments, the sense of being stuck can be unsettling, making us question everything. Our thoughts, feelings, and actions may feel unclear. Yet, there's a part of us that yearns to grow—a curious part that seeks to learn and evolve through these experiences. This part wants to develop emotional resilience, embrace uncertainty, and foster greater self-awareness. Ultimately, it's the part that strives to become the most authentic and reliable version of ourselves.
Life can sometimes feel confusing and overwhelming, leaving us unsure of where to go next or what to do. In those moments, the sense of being stuck can be unsettling, making us question everything. Our thoughts, feelings, and actions may feel unclear. Yet, there's a part of us that yearns to grow—a curious part that seeks to learn and evolve through these experiences. This part wants to develop emotional resilience, embrace uncertainty, and foster greater self-awareness. Ultimately, it's the part that strives to become the most authentic and reliable version of ourselves.
(02) 9158 6366 View (02) 9158 6366
Photo of Kate Zughbi, Social Worker, MA, AMHSW
Kate Zughbi
Social Worker, MA, AMHSW
Serves Area
Are you struggling with issues relating to trauma, anxiety, depression, stress, relationships, managing and understanding your emotions or just feeling overwhelmed and don't know where to start? I endeavor to provide individualised, collaborative and evidence based treatment to meet your needs. It will be a space where you are seen and heard. I also provide clinical supervision for mental health professionals, offering a reflective and collaborative space that can be shaped around your needs — whether for guidance, support, or deepening reflective practice
Are you struggling with issues relating to trauma, anxiety, depression, stress, relationships, managing and understanding your emotions or just feeling overwhelmed and don't know where to start? I endeavor to provide individualised, collaborative and evidence based treatment to meet your needs. It will be a space where you are seen and heard. I also provide clinical supervision for mental health professionals, offering a reflective and collaborative space that can be shaped around your needs — whether for guidance, support, or deepening reflective practice
(02) 9100 0485 View (02) 9100 0485
Photo of Beverley Stewart - Beverley Stewart - Counselling / Psychotherapy, Counsellor, ACA-L4
Beverley Stewart - Counselling / Psychotherapy
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Serves Area
“This isn’t how I thought my life would turn out.” “This isn’t where I want to be!” When we’re feeling stuck or lost in our life circumstances, it can seem overwhelming and never ending. We feel alone. We can spend our days constantly thinking about what’s gone wrong, and our nights unable to sleep with all the worry. Each day becomes the same as the day before, There seems no end to it, no future without these dark thoughts. Making it harder is the fact that no one understands what we’re going through. No one knows how anxiety, hopelessness or dread can engulf us.
“This isn’t how I thought my life would turn out.” “This isn’t where I want to be!” When we’re feeling stuck or lost in our life circumstances, it can seem overwhelming and never ending. We feel alone. We can spend our days constantly thinking about what’s gone wrong, and our nights unable to sleep with all the worry. Each day becomes the same as the day before, There seems no end to it, no future without these dark thoughts. Making it harder is the fact that no one understands what we’re going through. No one knows how anxiety, hopelessness or dread can engulf us.
(02) 9100 0469 View (02) 9100 0469
Photo of Loredana Punal, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Loredana Punal
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Serves Area
Whether you are seeking counselling/therapy for the first time, or you are a veteran on this journey, I welcome you, all of you, with an open mind and open heart. Often making the decision to seek support is a crucial step towards healing and sustainable change.
Whether you are seeking counselling/therapy for the first time, or you are a veteran on this journey, I welcome you, all of you, with an open mind and open heart. Often making the decision to seek support is a crucial step towards healing and sustainable change.
(02) 9159 6746 View (02) 9159 6746
Photo of Tim Kicuroski - Integrate Psychotherapy, Social Worker, AMHSW
Integrate Psychotherapy
Social Worker, AMHSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I'm an IFS and EMDR specialist, primarily working with complex trauma, neurodivergence, eating disorders, depresssion, anxiety, and relationship issues. My focus is always on deep healing rather than just learning how to cope. Processing your pain will release you from the cycle of distress and give you the strength to build a life you love. My pronouns are he/they and I'm an ally of the LGBT+ community. The space I work in is as healing as the therapy itself. It's a beautiful, plant-filled sanctuary, carefully designed to be neurofriendly.
I'm an IFS and EMDR specialist, primarily working with complex trauma, neurodivergence, eating disorders, depresssion, anxiety, and relationship issues. My focus is always on deep healing rather than just learning how to cope. Processing your pain will release you from the cycle of distress and give you the strength to build a life you love. My pronouns are he/they and I'm an ally of the LGBT+ community. The space I work in is as healing as the therapy itself. It's a beautiful, plant-filled sanctuary, carefully designed to be neurofriendly.
0401 012 063 View 0401 012 063
Photo of Wayne Gillespie - WG Psychology, Psychologist, PsyBA General
WG Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Wayne Gillespie is a Registered Psychologist with over 20yrs experience. In addition to his private practice, Wayne worked for 19yrs as a student counsellor/psychologist at the University of New South Wales and National Institute of Dramatic Arts (NIDA). Wayne specialises in providing counselling/coaching for a range of presentations including: Mood Disorders, Anxiety, Drug and Alcohol, Adjustment Problems; Relationship Problems, Trauma incidents, Bereavement; Academic Difficulties (e.g procrastination and perfectionism), Career Transition, Creativity Issues, Creative Arts/Entertainment Psychology and Executive Coaching.
Wayne Gillespie is a Registered Psychologist with over 20yrs experience. In addition to his private practice, Wayne worked for 19yrs as a student counsellor/psychologist at the University of New South Wales and National Institute of Dramatic Arts (NIDA). Wayne specialises in providing counselling/coaching for a range of presentations including: Mood Disorders, Anxiety, Drug and Alcohol, Adjustment Problems; Relationship Problems, Trauma incidents, Bereavement; Academic Difficulties (e.g procrastination and perfectionism), Career Transition, Creativity Issues, Creative Arts/Entertainment Psychology and Executive Coaching.
(02) 9100 0170 View (02) 9100 0170
Photo of Simon Milton, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Simon Milton
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
I find that people often come to therapy because they are stuck. They could be struggling with their mood, with their fears, with addiction, with relationship issues, with stress. Whatever the issue, they don’t understand why they are stuck and, despite their best efforts, they don’t know how to become unstuck. Their attempts to use the typical psychological skills and strategies fail, not because of any personal failing, but because they haven’t been able to identify the causes of their problem.
I find that people often come to therapy because they are stuck. They could be struggling with their mood, with their fears, with addiction, with relationship issues, with stress. Whatever the issue, they don’t understand why they are stuck and, despite their best efforts, they don’t know how to become unstuck. Their attempts to use the typical psychological skills and strategies fail, not because of any personal failing, but because they haven’t been able to identify the causes of their problem.
0481 764 774 View 0481 764 774
Photo of Leon Ari, Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Leon Ari
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Many of the people I work with are doing their best to cope—sometimes holding things together, and sometimes feeling overwhelmed, or stuck in patterns—and who want more than just coping strategies. I work with people navigating trauma, pressure, and complexity - helping them understand themselves deeply, regain control, and move forward with clarity. In our work, we slow things down and begin to make sense of what’s happening beneath the surface, so you’re not just managing symptoms but developing a deeper understanding of yourself.
Many of the people I work with are doing their best to cope—sometimes holding things together, and sometimes feeling overwhelmed, or stuck in patterns—and who want more than just coping strategies. I work with people navigating trauma, pressure, and complexity - helping them understand themselves deeply, regain control, and move forward with clarity. In our work, we slow things down and begin to make sense of what’s happening beneath the surface, so you’re not just managing symptoms but developing a deeper understanding of yourself.
0410 398 282 View 0410 398 282
Photo of Megan Buys, Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Megan Buys
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Weekends and after hours sessions now available – Hey there! I’m so glad you found me here. My name is Megan Buys and I am a registered counsellor and psychotherapist. I am the founder of Finding Space: a therapy practice which blends both creative and empowering modalities for those seeking guidance, excitement, and deep care, where I see adults, teenagers/adolescents, couples, and therapists seeking support. I have completed a Master of Counselling, with registration through PACFA. I am also a PhD candidate, a writer, an academic, a university teacher, a yogi, a tea-drinker, and an ocean-lover.
Weekends and after hours sessions now available – Hey there! I’m so glad you found me here. My name is Megan Buys and I am a registered counsellor and psychotherapist. I am the founder of Finding Space: a therapy practice which blends both creative and empowering modalities for those seeking guidance, excitement, and deep care, where I see adults, teenagers/adolescents, couples, and therapists seeking support. I have completed a Master of Counselling, with registration through PACFA. I am also a PhD candidate, a writer, an academic, a university teacher, a yogi, a tea-drinker, and an ocean-lover.
(02) 9100 0798 View (02) 9100 0798
Photo of Ilona Gaudin, Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Ilona Gaudin
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
“How awesome to find you taking a brave leap and considering me to be your psychologist. I’m looking forward to meeting you, and getting to be your partner in your therapeutic journey. There is so much power in a warm, secure, non-judgmental, therapeutic relationship to promote true healing and meaningful change. I believe whole-heartedly in providing that kind of space and energy for you at every session. Over my life I have been working hard to gain a wealth of experience and knowledge in counselling in a wide range of modalities. I feel confident that I can help you on your pathway to the best version of yourself."
“How awesome to find you taking a brave leap and considering me to be your psychologist. I’m looking forward to meeting you, and getting to be your partner in your therapeutic journey. There is so much power in a warm, secure, non-judgmental, therapeutic relationship to promote true healing and meaningful change. I believe whole-heartedly in providing that kind of space and energy for you at every session. Over my life I have been working hard to gain a wealth of experience and knowledge in counselling in a wide range of modalities. I feel confident that I can help you on your pathway to the best version of yourself."
1300 045 646 View 1300 045 646
Photo of Dr Heather Gan, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Heather Gan
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Serves Area
Based in Sydney CBD, NSW, I work with adults seeking support for anxiety, borderline personality disorder, and Asian mental health. I provide a culturally sensitive space to explore past experiences and unmet needs that drive unhelpful coping or relationship patterns. My ideal client wants to understand their emotions, break free from cycles, and build healthier ways of relating. Alongside therapy, I am also appointed as a Single Expert Witness preparing Family Reports for the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia.
Based in Sydney CBD, NSW, I work with adults seeking support for anxiety, borderline personality disorder, and Asian mental health. I provide a culturally sensitive space to explore past experiences and unmet needs that drive unhelpful coping or relationship patterns. My ideal client wants to understand their emotions, break free from cycles, and build healthier ways of relating. Alongside therapy, I am also appointed as a Single Expert Witness preparing Family Reports for the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia.
(02) 9159 6010 View (02) 9159 6010
Photo of Amanda Joy Robb, Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L4
Amanda Joy Robb
Psychotherapist, MA, ACA-L4
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Joy Through Therapy is founded by Amanda Joy Robb, a renowned and innovative Registered Psychotherapist and Clinical Supervisor. Amanda specialises in Trauma, Sexology, Sexual Health and Relationships, and Supervision. Throughout these three domains, Amanda offers services for Trauma based Therapies, Sex & Relationship Therapy and Clinical Individual and Group Supervision, as well as Consultation training services.
Joy Through Therapy is founded by Amanda Joy Robb, a renowned and innovative Registered Psychotherapist and Clinical Supervisor. Amanda specialises in Trauma, Sexology, Sexual Health and Relationships, and Supervision. Throughout these three domains, Amanda offers services for Trauma based Therapies, Sex & Relationship Therapy and Clinical Individual and Group Supervision, as well as Consultation training services.
(02) 9158 6068 View (02) 9158 6068

See more therapy options for 2016

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 2016

60+

Average cost per session

$215

Therapists in 2016 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
93% Depression
93% Self Esteem
81% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
76% Stress
49% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Medicare Rebates
65% Bupa
65% Medibank Private

How Therapists in 2016 see their clients

93% In Person and Online
7% Online Only

Gender breakdown

63% Female
35% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 2016?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.