Delirium (Causes)

Acute confusional states are usually the result of a physical or mental illness and are usually temporary and reversible.

Disorders that cause delirium are numerous and varied. They may include conditions that deprive the brain of oxygen or other substances. Delirium may be caused by diseases of body systems other than the brain, drug abuse, infections such as urinary tract infections or pneumonia (in people who already have brain damage from stroke or dementia), by poisons, by fluid/electrolyte or acid/base disturbances, and by other serious, acute conditions.

Neurological examination may reveal abnormalities, including atypical reflexes and unusual levels of normal reflexes. Psychological studies and tests of sensation, cognitive function, and motor function may be abnormal.