The Heart of It All

Cracking the code of friendship, kinship, and love

Men Are Knights—But if Some Have Forgotten, Don't Hesitate to Remind Them

Speaking about love may enhance chivalrous helping

In Western cultures, knights have obviously disappeared. Armors have remained empty for a long time. Men and women are equal. Women have joined the workforce, including careers that were traditionally reserved for men. There are female soldiers, police officers, or firefighters. Women are no longer expected to endorse the role that was encompassed by chivalrous ideology, i.e., to be weak, vulnerable, defenseless creatures.

The question, then, is to know whether everybody has been duly informed of this. Why do male drivers stop to help a female driver battling against a flat tire, while they would have had no regret to let a man manage alone? Why do men hold doors open for women, or invite them to restaurants? Sometimes, norms for politeness are a sufficient explanation for these behaviors. In other cases, an intention to seduce or, at least, to draw attention from an attractive woman, may be the reason.

However, I would hypothesize that chivalrous helping takes place in most cases without any conscious purpose of an alleged possibility of future interaction. Chivalrous helping occurs in the case of brief interactions with strangers, and more specifically, during encounters that entail very few possibilities for ulterior interactions. For example, when male passersby are solicited by a female confederate who pretends she needs money to buy a bus ticket, they help her and donate to the cause despite knowing they won't see her later (Lamy, Fischer-Lokou, & Guéguen, 2008). Moreover, chivalrous helping can be observed when the age gap between the male helper and the female requester is maximized, the female being aged 18 to 20 and the male being 30 to 50. In a situation that dramatically lowers the probability of subsequent encounters, chivalrous helping nevertheless occurs.

A key point to the initiation of this kind of helping is the degree to which the norm for helping has been made salient. Men may experience a sense of obligation to being helpful because they are observed by strangers, in a public setting. In this context, they are reminded that "true men" ought to be brave and chivalrous. Another path for triggering chivalrous helping is the semantic induction of love. When men are more aware of the idea of love, they give more support to "helpless", young female confederates (Lamy et al., 2008, 2009, 2010). One possible explanation is that a greater awareness of love entails a greater awareness of sex roles, including chivalrous helping.

As such, women who want chivalrous helping have just to speak about love. Unless they fear falling back into a traditional role that they have considered nothing but an old legend.

 



Subscribe to The Heart of It All

Lubomir Lamy, Ph.D., is an assistant professor of social psychology at South-Paris University, France. He specializes in the psychology of love and friendship.

more...