The Chaotic Life

Patterns and randomness in how we live
Dr. David Pincus is a licensed clinical psychologist and assistant professor of psychology at Chapman University in Orange, CA. See full bio

Comments on "New Physics + New Psychology = New Questions"

New Physics + New Psychology = New Questions

Chemistry emerges from physics, biology emerges from chemistry, psychology emerges from biology, sociology emerges from psychology, and so on, with various emergent branches within and across each of the different disciplines. At SCTPLS, we have the tradition of passing nested Russian dolls on to each new society president as a symbol of this outlook. Parts interact to create new irreducible wholes, which serve as parts for new irreducible wholes and so on. Apparently, this occurs not only across scales from small to large - parts of an inseparable whole, but also across great distances of apparent space - where the here is connected to there; and finally across time, where one finds that future and past are also inseparable. Read More

Two things

1.- I have this strong belief: that fuzzy ontologies are always a bad symptom.

2.- http://www.lrb.co.uk/v29/n10/fodo01_.html

Greetings :-)

Particle Man, Particle Man

Unbelievably intelligent and enjoyable read! MIND BLOWING STUFF. My fiance and I have been discussing these findings. Intriguing! I love this post!

Good Read.

I don't know how much of an imagination is good ;-) Scientists do it all the time; however reading it was good fun or even thinking that way :) but obviously we guys are far far away from TRUTH :(

Wave-particle duality and brain hemispheres

There appears to be a parallel between the wave-particle duality of matter and the manner in which the two brain hemispheres process information. Particles have a definite position while waves have indefinite position expressed in probabilities. The definiteness of particles seems to be reflected in the working of the left hemisphere, which successively analyzes/differentiates details, while the indefiniteness of waves seems to be reflected in the working of the right hemisphere, which simultaneously/intuitively grasps the whole but fuzzes up the details within the whole.

Have you seen the video of neuroscientist Jill Bolte Taylor depicting her stroke experience? She talks about the difference between the two brain hemispheres and also suggests how they perceive our own individuality differently - the left hemisphere sees our individuality as separate from the environment (solid, firm boundaries) while the right hemisphere blurs the boundaries of things, including our individuality. From the perspective of the right hemisphere our individuality blends with the environment so you feel identified with a greater reality. The video is here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UyyjU8fzEYU

thanks Tom

Thanks Tom. Right-left hemisphere differences ARE interesting. I'm not sure about any connection with quantum level phenomena, but reasoning by metaphor is always a good creative endeavor. Thanmks again, -Dr. Dave

Randomness, chaos, patterns and psychology

This article really steered my thoughts! It's right there on the spot on some issues I've been thinking lately dr David. I personally believe that physics, not only open new ways to psychology, but they are the FUTURE of psychology. What intrigued me the most, was this part

" Since human consciousness evinces self-reflective awareness in the human brain and since this brain (like all physical phenomena) can be viewed as an emergent property of the whole, it is not unreasonable to conclude, in philosophical terms at least, that the universe is conscious."

I have some theories concerning this subject myself :)

I also linked to your article from my homepage. I want to make sure that articles like this one start to get the attention they deserve.

P.S.: Do you have any bibliography to recommend on the subjects you discussed in your article?

Bibliography

Hi Encefalus, All I have handy is the book I quoted by Minos Kafatos - "The Nonlocal Universe" - pub date is 2001, but it still seems to be pretty current. I'm sure there is more out there too - Aharomov is the biggest new prof from the "non-local" ilk that just swarmed Chapman this fall. Anything by him would be good too I expect. But Kafatos's might be one of the few pop books on the subject, with strong interdisciplinary ambitions into psyc. See you, Dr. Dave

Losada lines

Eagerly following your column but not up to speed with the physics.

I am quite keen to understand the Losada experiment that produced the 3:1 to 11:1 positive:negative ratios and wondered if you have done any work on it.

Cheers
Jo

Losada

Hi Jo,

I haven't done any work directly on this, but I discuss it in broader theoretical context in my chapter in the book coming out in the next month or two - "Chaos and complexity in Psychology: The theory of nonlinear dynamical systems" so there's a plug for that. Or you can go right to the source and get a copy of: Frederickson, B.L., & Losada, M.F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60(7), 678-686.

Two books you might want to consider checking out

Hi Dr. Pincus,

I really enjoyed this post. One book I'm reading and one I've read that might be of interest on this subject:

Programming the Universe by Seth Lloyd. It's fascinating stuff, looking at the Universe from a Quantum perspective as an entity that is programming itself. All is information. I haven't finished it yet but it kept me up way too late trying to get my head around the ramifications. BTW, there's a video of Seth speaking on this subject at: http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/lloyd2/lloyd2_index.html

The Hidden Pattern by Ben Goertzel. Talk about a mind blowing philosophical journey. I believe Dr. Goertzel's a member of SCTPLS and a noted researcher in Artificial General Intelligence. In the Hidden Pattern, Ben looks at a lot of the issues you mention above but, since it's a book, in a lot more depth. Fascinating! I just discovered your blog but I'll be back, thanks for writing it.

Thanks Josh

Thanks a lot for sharing some related references here Josh, and for being a part of the blog here. I do know Ben from SCTPLS (don't tell him but I haven't read his work yet - on my list of things to read, however). I checked out the Seth Lloyd link you supplied here. He's with Santa Fe institute. This is one hub of heavy hitters in nonlinear dynamics. Great stuff from him and others coming out of there.

Best to you,

-Dr. Dave

hi - random question

Hi Dave.

I hope you are doing well.

This might be pretty unrelated to your blog post...Actually, I have a question and I think it will be great if you would answer the same.

I will appreciate if you would find time.

I read an article from newscientist.com -- excerpt below

"The focus at that time was something called deterministic chaos, in which a small perturbation can lead to a huge change in the system - the famous "butterfly effect". That would make the brain unpredictable but not actually random, because the butterfly effect is a phenomenon of physical laws that do not depend on chance. Researchers built elaborate computational models to test the idea, but unfortunately they did not behave like real brains. "Although the results were beautiful and elegant, models based on deterministic chaos just didn't seem applicable when looking at the human brain," says Karl Friston, a neuroscientist at University College London.

In the 1990s, it emerged that the brain generates random noise, and hence cannot be described by deterministic chaos. When neuroscientists incorporated this randomness into their models, they found that it created systems on the border between order and disorder - self-organised criticality."

Can you please answer the below question?

Isn't self-organized criticality in itself a defaut characteristic of chaos?

If not, then what is deterministic chaos? How is it different from Chaos?

Thank you.

Looking forward to your thoughts.

Best,
Neel

Hi Neel, Great questions.

Hi Neel,

Great questions. For further reading: Walter Freeman has some good research articles and books on the topic of chaos in the brain - classic stuff; Minelli has a very up-to-date review of neurodynamics in our book: Chaos and Complexity in Psychology: The Theory of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems (Cambridge, 2009); and Stephen Guastello has an article just out covering different types of chaos and the state of research across psychological topics in Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology and Life Sciences (available through your library or www.societyforchaostheory.org).

Simple answers here: self-organized criticality (SOC) is not a default characteristic of chaos. Rather, it refers to a systemic state that is "at the edge" of chaos. Systems displaying SOC are unpredictable over the long term, like chaotic systems, and they produce fractal patterns, also like chaos. However, they are distinct from chaos in two ways: 1) They are more ordered than chaos, and 2) They do not conform to an attractor (i.e., they are not bounded) like deterministic chaos. Less technically, systems at SOC are complex but not quite chaotic. In psychology, and broader life sciences, systems at SOC tend to display a healthy blend of flexiblity and structure. Examples in psyc include: interpersonal turn taking dynamics and the organization of the self concept (both from my lab - see prior publications in Small Group Research and elsewhere). There are many more examples too. The region at SOC can be broad in a sense, allowing systems to become more flexible or more rigid, depending upon internal and external demands. Sometimes, systems at SOC break down and become chaotic temporarily. Afterwards, they typically re-organized again, often at a higher level of complexity - perhaps a general model for systemic evolution.

As to types of chaos - this is something that has been occupying my mind a lot recently. At a minimum there is deterministic chaos - a mathematical abstraction whereby relatively simple nonlinear differential equations (completely deterministic) can produce chaotic outupt (i.e., bounded, non-repeating, and displaying sensitive-dependence - aka the "butterfly effect"). These systems are interesting in a number of respects, e.g., they are deterministic yet unpredictable. Other types of chaos may include systems breaking down, multistable systems - systems with a variety of interacting stable states with chaos in between (e.g.,, an alcoholic family system hypothetically), white noise (randomness), and a "blue sky catastrophe" whereby a formerly integrated system falls apart.

Again - cool question.

Hope this helps.

Dave

Simple Answers: Excellent Answers.

Simple Answers: Excellent Answers.

Thank you!!

I really appreciate that you took the time to answer my questions. I have a had a great day, thanks.

Best,
Neel

creativity and SOC

Hello again.

:)

Self Organized Criticality.

Flipping in and out of depression-mania, hovering in the zone of lull-high creativity, touching the rock bottom and coming out.

If on the level of neurons in the brain, flipping/tizzy can seemingly increase the overall IQ of a human being, can it be, on a higher level, that ppl. suffering from something like described above (BPD?), can actually be systems flourishing coz of SOC?

Can this be linked to creativity attached to individuals having conditions of Bipolar disporder?

many thanks in advance.
neel

Hi Neel, My best answer is

Hi Neel,

My best answer is that I don't know. Perhaps. But there are some gaps, both in the available evidence and in some of the terms and assertions you use in the question - I'm not clear on IQ being linked to any clear-cut neurological process - not that has been discovered yet. I'm not sure what "flipping/tizzy" is. It's not clear yet what the dynamical properties of bipolar DO or depression are yet - but there has been some work done (for a review, you can check out the article by Steve Guastello I referenced in the last reply). Anecdotally, I would not describe mania or depression as in bipolar disorder as flourishing, and the link between creativity and mental illness is not clear yet either - although there is a lot of available research in this area. So ultimately - I think what you're suggesting is possible, but it would be overstretching to go further than that. Neat idea though.

=-Dave

:) :) :) Apolgies for my

:)
:)
:)

Apolgies for my incoherent choice words. End of the day, I am an IT person trying to understand psychology. lol

context to the thought was:
"The balance between phase-locking and instability within the brain has also been linked to intelligence - at least, to IQ. Last year, Robert Thatcher from the University of South Florida in Tampa made EEG measurements of 17 children, aged between 5 and 17 years, who also performed an IQ test.
e found that the length of time the children's brains spent in both the stable phase-locked states and the unstable phase-shifting states correlated with their IQ scores. For example, phase shifts typically last 55 milliseconds, but an additional 1 millisecond seemed to add as many as 20 points to the child's IQ. A shorter time in the stable phase-locked state also corresponded with greater intelligence - with a difference of 1 millisecond adding 4.6 IQ points to a child's score"

Sorry, should have been clearer in my reference. And I do understand that it is just some research result.

hmmmm I think you are right in saying that with so many uncertainties, the probability of a concrete answer, diminishes (in this context).

Dr. Pincus, again, thanks one ton for your time.

Have a good evening.

neel

interesting stuff neel

Hi Neel,

I found the original article you were working from here - http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20227141.200-disorderly-genius-how...

It helped a lot to have the context. I'm totally 'down' with the results of the Cambridge group (Kitzbichler et al. 2009, attributed in the on-line article for some reason to Bullmore). In fact, I was planning to do my next blog on their results, but maybe I'll skip that now as we've covered in and then some here between the two of us :) The results of the Thatcher (the IQ stuff) I'm a little more hesitent to buy in to without getting more context. I don't have access to the journal these results were published in, so I haven't read this article yet. But the idea that IQ is so strongly related to phase locking vs. phase shifting among large scale neural networks would be a very incredible result. So incredible I'm skeptical. The fact that it is not in a better journal adds to my skepticism. OTOH - it very well could be. And on a positive note, I wouldn't be surprised. Finding out that the brain works at the edge of chaos is just the start for sure... And the types of results that follow that and similar conclusions will surely solve a lot of problems that ordinary science could not.

Thanks a lot for the fun!

-Dave

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