The effect of culture on the field of psychology has become a main consideration for researchers and clinicians. In the delivery of appropriate and comprehensive treatment, some may feel that if everyone is treated the same that you are addressing the issue of cultural differences by acting for the larger concept of global humanity. Yet are we losing part of the story that may assist the therapeutic relationship or direct the path of research into some societal phenomenon?
In clinical practice, taking the perspective of equivalent treatment of patients may address the symptoms of a particular diagnosis however this approach may not treat the whole person. Given the increasing diversity of the American population, we need to consider that others' worldviews are not only central to them but should be important to their therapists. Though the field's objective is to provide the optimal therapeutic care for people with mental health disorders, there are a number of cultural factors that may affect that care. The perception of someone or their community about the psychiatric disorder and its treatment as well as their cultural values and norms needs to be considered not only as part of the assessment but as a part of the treatment plan. When there appears to be an impasse at some treatment phase, some segment of that person's cultural experience could serve to break through the issue of concern or contention. Through the integration of someone's cultural understanding into their care, it can serve to add value to the treatment experience from their perspective.
Cultural experience can play a similar role in the psychological field's approach to research. Traditionally, researchers go into a community, gather data then return to academic or governmental institutions to review and analyze the information. From this point, the research team would develop their conclusions and possible recommendations based on those analyses. This extractive method of research possesses the dangerous capability of creating an imperialistic air if we, as researchers, believe that we are more capable of telling a community's story than its members. Though a more objective view might be seen as more scientifically desirable yet this might be more problematic because it may miss the issues that are more subjective in nature as well as more important to the population.
One method of change is to collaborate with researchers within the target population or community so that those perspectives and insights are not missed. Researchers based in these cultures can provide invaluable insight and direction regarding research concept and design. Another method for change of this perspective is Participatory Action Research (PAR) which develops experimental investigations from within the targeted community. In this method, the targeted populations for the experiment are involved with the identification of critical community issues and the development of a research design to investigate the parameters of the issues. Following the collection of data, the research team including the community members seeks to interpret the results then develop community action based on their findings. After the implementation of the recommendations, more research ensues to determine the efficacy of the previously recommended actions. PAR is predicated on this cyclic process that persistently reviews and reassesses the research design, implementation and results, always with the objective of improvement.
Hopefully, the implementation of the techniques that forward cultural consciousness will continue to move the psychological field in the direction of inclusion and diversity of experience.