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Psychologists call it illusory correlation. The idea is that when we think about others, we tend to overestimate the association between groups and distinctive actions. It's one of the ways in which societal stereotypes are perpetuated and endure . And it's exactly what has many an American Muslim concerned in the wake of this week's tragic shooting spree at the Fort Hood Army base... Read More
















Stereotyping Is An Enemy To Justice
It's perfectly natural to want some answers, and some action, when something terrible like this happens, but it's vitally important that we don't react by taking out our feelings on fellow-members of any minority group a perpetrator may belong to.
That doesn't punish the guilty - it just creates another injustice, and robs us of any claim to hold the moral high ground.
This outrage may have been for racial or religious reasons, but as far is known at the moment it could equally easily have been provoked by stress, workplace problems or any one or more of a variety of situations.
No matter what the cause, turning on innocent Muslims who had not the slightest involvement with this crime is as unjust and unhelpful as it's pointless and silly - if the person accused had a different profile, would it even occur to us to project the guilt on to white people, Christians, people with brown eyes, or those who aren't happy in the workplace? I don't think so.
I think this article does an excellent job of explaining how and why this ugly scapegoating behavior takes place. It's now up to all of us to make sure it doesn't happen.
This article is a bunch of bull
Why should we put our military men and women at any further risk than they already endure? It's ridiculous to allow these muslims into military service. I don't care if only 1 out of 500 turns out to be a suicidal killer, hell-bent on taking every American life; that's still too many. Yes we need soldiers, but not to the point that we're will to risk the ones we have. We have to wake up to the fact that we, as a culture, are under attack by the muslims. We can no longer sit back and "hope" that these people do nothing against us. First, we need to bar all muslims from enlistment and from entering the officer corps. Next, we need to remove those with muslim ties from our political offices. Lastly, we need to defend our boarders by stopping them from entering the United States. Each muslim currently living on American soil should be under continual investigation; they should report to a homeland security office once per quarter. I'm not suggesting that we hurt, kill, or incarcurate anyone - unless of course they are found guilty of plotting terrorist activities. If found guilty of crimes against the United States these "psuedo-Americans" should be taken up in a C-130 at 10,000 ft and dropped 150 miles out over the Atlantic Ocean.
re:
Good plan. And while we're at it, I assume we'll be barring all Arabs from airports, all NRA-members from renting Ryder trucks, all Christians from abortion clinics, and all White people from post offices, right?
your solution can possibly
your solution can possibly work if islam were a racial phenomenon, but it is not. there are many white americans who are converts to islam. what do you suggest the govt should do with them? are you suggesting that a white american should enjoy all the freedom only as long as he commits to not converting to islam?
Islamophobia the Wrong Response
What’s in a name? If Army Major Malik Nadal Hasan’s name were “Smith,” we’d be talking about him as a soldier who snapped under pressure, a lone gunman whose fear of deployment to Iraq sent him over the deep end -- as fear tends to do.
Predictably, however, within minutes after we learned that the gunman in Thursday’s Fort Hood, Texas massacre was named “Hasan,” Islamophobes were spewing their hysterical venom across the Internet. Suddenly, Maj. Hasan’s name transformed a “mass shooting” into a “Muslim Terror Attack.”
Bloggers are going wild. “Just another Islamic terrorist waiting to kill for their cult,” one wrote. Others spoke of “sleeper cells” and said al-Qaeda had ordered extremists in the U.S. to infiltrate the U.S. military. Allegations that he shouted “Allahu akbar” (“God is great”) as he opened fire now make him not another mass murderer, but a “jihadi.” Someone called for Muslims to be banned from serving in the U.S. military. Another predicted that “the liberals” would caution against racism, as if that were a bad thing.
Humanity never fails to amaze me. Have we learned nothing from the lessons of the past? During World War II, we in the U.S. turned on our Japanese neighbors, locking innocent people in prison camps for no other reason than our own fear. Sen. Joseph McCarthy’s “Red Scare” of the 1950s ruined lives and careers, free speech be damned, because of hysteria over a -- feared -- Communist takeover of the United States.
When I was in school, my teachers talked proudly of the U.S. as a “melting pot,” in which American-ness comprises people of all nationalities, religious faiths (and lack thereof), and races. But has it ever been true? For too many of us, American means white, of European descent, and Christian. Like chickens, we’ll peck to death anyone who differs from the norm.
As terrorist suspects are increasingly arrested on U.S. soil, I worry less for our safety than for our culture. Too many of us are willing, eager, even, to give up our most precious of freedoms -- freedom of speech -- in order to placate those whom we are certain will react violently if we offend them. Too many others leap to judge Islam and its adherents as “terrorists,” insisting that all Muslims want to take over the world. Both attitudes, born of fear, are dangerous, racist, and in violation of American ideals of equality and justice for all.
“These times are too heavy for skittishness.” Sinclair Lewis’s utterance has been on my mind lately. Courage is what we need now, not childish finger-pointing, or hysteria. We need to take a collective deep breath, summon our reason, and reject the call to hatred that blares ever more shrilly from the fearmongers. If we are, as they claim, engaged in a battle of good vs. evil, that fight is not taking place on an Army base in Texas or in the desert in Iraq or in the hills of Afghanistan. It is happening within each of us, right now, wherever we happen to be.
Islamophobia the Wrong Response
What’s in a name? If Army Major Malik Nadal Hasan’s name were “Smith,” we’d be talking about him as a soldier who snapped under pressure, a lone gunman whose fear of deployment to Iraq sent him over the deep end -- as fear tends to do.
Predictably, however, within minutes after we learned that the gunman in Thursday’s Fort Hood, Texas massacre was named “Hasan,” Islamophobes were spewing their hysterical venom across the Internet. Suddenly, Maj. Hasan’s name transformed a “mass shooting” into a “Muslim Terror Attack.”
Bloggers are going wild. “Just another Islamic terrorist waiting to kill for their cult,” one wrote. Others spoke of “sleeper cells” and said al-Qaeda had ordered extremists in the U.S. to infiltrate the U.S. military. Allegations that he shouted “Allahu akbar” (“God is great”) as he opened fire now make him not another mass murderer, but a “jihadi.” Someone called for Muslims to be banned from serving in the U.S. military. Another predicted that “the liberals” would caution against racism, as if that were a bad thing.
Humanity never fails to amaze me. Have we learned nothing from the lessons of the past? During World War II, we in the U.S. turned on our Japanese neighbors, locking innocent people in prison camps for no other reason than our own fear. Sen. Joseph McCarthy’s “Red Scare” of the 1950s ruined lives and careers, free speech be damned, because of hysteria over a -- feared -- Communist takeover of the United States.
When I was in school, my teachers talked proudly of the U.S. as a “melting pot,” in which American-ness comprises people of all nationalities, religious faiths (and lack thereof), and races. But has it ever been true? For too many of us, American means white, of European descent, and Christian. Like chickens, we’ll peck to death anyone who differs from the norm.
As terrorist suspects are increasingly arrested on U.S. soil, I worry less for our safety than for our culture. Too many of us are willing, eager, even, to give up our most precious of freedoms -- freedom of speech -- in order to placate those whom we are certain will react violently if we offend them. Too many others leap to judge Islam and its adherents as “terrorists,” insisting that all Muslims want to take over the world. Both attitudes, born of fear, are dangerous, racist, and in violation of American ideals of equality and justice for all.
“These times are too heavy for skittishness.” Sinclair Lewis’s utterance has been on my mind lately. Courage is what we need now, not childish finger-pointing, or hysteria. We need to take a collective deep breath, summon our reason, and reject the call to hatred that blares ever more shrilly from the fearmongers. If we are, as they claim, engaged in a battle of good vs. evil, that fight is not taking place on an Army base in Texas or in the desert in Iraq or in the hills of Afghanistan. It is happening within each of us, right now, wherever we happen to be.
Extreme Islamism
While I disagree that every Muslim is suspect, I have read enough to realize that there is a virulent, evil strain of Islamism that worships death. And "virulent" is apt -- while it has only infected a small percentage of the population it seems to spread, and its adherents can come from any class or color (read Ed Husain's "The Islamist" for an eye-opening personal testimonial from the U.K.). In addition to the tragedy itself, that's what's so nauseating about this episode -- if one has studied this virus one can't help but wonder if this is a sign of further spread of evil?
re
What's the solution then?
If a person comes to you and slaps you, anger is only a natural reaction. But when the anger has diminished, it is only natural to think and ask why were you slapped in the first place?
America is perceived as an occupying force is Iraq and Afghanistan. Her military basis throughout the world have an imperial appearance. She supports and forgives all of Israel's crimes against humanity. Perhaps it is time America reviewed its foreign policies...as otherwise she risks her culture as well as the ideals she was founded on. If this isn't done, then I foresee another holocaust, at the cost of America's spirit itself.
I concede that America is
I concede that America is perceived as an occupying force in Iraq and Afghanistan, and that since we shoulder the responsibility of defending the western world we appear imperial, but I don't make the leap to excusing killing or violence by those who perceive us thus. As for Israel, perhaps you have not scanned a map recently, and substantially. Look around the region. Name another country that is as democratic, and that provides as many economic opportunities for its people -- including its women -- as Israel in that region. Both countries make errors, true, including ones worthy of trenchant criticism, but if one knows anything about the wider world one realizes that generally the U.S. and Israel are exceptional in a way that is worthy of praise. As for your last comment, I can't even fathom what it means; you'll have to spell it out in less hyperbolic and fuzzy prose.
As for your first question, the solution to Islamist extremism lies with constituents of the sane world -- including most Muslims -- fighting it openly wherever it flares up. And by "fighting" I mean criticizing, denouncing and ostracizing.
illusory corellation
It is hard to explain away over 14,743 Islamic terrorist acts SINCE 9/11 as 'illusory correllation'
The foundational doctrines of Islam -- Qur'an, the hadith and the Sunna of Mohammed all call for the subjugation of all people under the Muslims until Islam dominates the earth. The fact that most Muslims don't apply the teachings doesn't change these frightful facts. Islam must reform and expunge these genocidal teachings from its scriptures -- or continue to be the enemy of five sixths of the world's population. I urge all citizens of all democracies to READ these foundational teachings. "Know thy enemy" said Sun Szu.
Understanding Islam
Thank you for this well written article.
Unfortunately, anti-Muslim bias has increased, although anti-Muslim hate crimes have decreased:
http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cair-report-shows-jump-in-anti-m...
As an American Muslim, it is disappointing that Islam is misunderstood by so many. I believe this is partly due to the media promoting bias as carefully researched and documented by Dr. Jack Shaheen:
http://www.wolfmanproductions.com/shaheen.html
http://wallwritings.wordpress.com/2009/07/17/after-31-years-jack-shaheen...
And it is reflected in this journalistic story:
How Muslims are Treated in America
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqbQWxHIn4U
Test Yourself for Hidden Bias:
http://www.tolerance.org/activity/test-yourself-hidden-bias
I also find it amazing how little people know about the history of Islam along with the contributions of Muslims to modern civilization as we know it:
http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/
http://www.1001inventions.com/
I would also encourage reading these to better understand the Islamic stance on terrorism and extremism:
http://www.cair.com/AmericanMuslims/AntiTerrorism.aspx
www.balancedislam.org (downloadable .pdf)
And with regard to understanding politics in the Middle East, please refer to the following excellent publication:
http://www.wrmea.com/
Sincerly,
An American Muslim
what psychologists need to
what psychologists need to first diagnose is their own smugness- every event has apparently already generated a cottage industry of research. why not occasionally admit to being human, ignorant, surprised, fallible, not having ready-to-hand terms?. maybe its this god complex thats stressing out so many practitioners-
Re what psychologists
Really? So knowing something about why something happened is smug? Really?
I haven't come across one psych blog where the author pretended to have all the answers. (Well, I havent scanned the Fruedian blogs, so they are excluded from that). On the whole though, the psychologists I am around have far from a God complex.
Citation for the majorities, minorities, and flashcards study?
what is the citation for the study you mention about minorities' deviant behavior seeming more prevalent? (Is that a study or were you just talking?)
thanks
-JA
reply
Check out, for example:
Hamilton, D.L., & Gifford, R.K. (1976). Illusory correlation in interpersonal perception: A cognitive basis of stereotypic judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 392-407.
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